WO2005080027A1 - Device comprising a heatable casting vessel and a heating stand - Google Patents

Device comprising a heatable casting vessel and a heating stand Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005080027A1
WO2005080027A1 PCT/DE2005/000066 DE2005000066W WO2005080027A1 WO 2005080027 A1 WO2005080027 A1 WO 2005080027A1 DE 2005000066 W DE2005000066 W DE 2005000066W WO 2005080027 A1 WO2005080027 A1 WO 2005080027A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
vessel
casting vessel
tight
casting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2005/000066
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Günter PHILIPPS
Original Assignee
INDUGA Industrieöfen und Giesserei-Anlagen GmbH & Co. KG
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Application filed by INDUGA Industrieöfen und Giesserei-Anlagen GmbH & Co. KG filed Critical INDUGA Industrieöfen und Giesserei-Anlagen GmbH & Co. KG
Publication of WO2005080027A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005080027A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
    • B22D41/01—Heating means
    • B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/06—Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heatable, a refractory lining and an outer, provided with slots in the lower metal jacket casting vessel for molten metal, in particular for aluminum melts, and a heating system with a magnetic coil device in which the casting vessel is detachable on the stationary heating station is put on.
  • Such a device is the subject of WO 03/047792 A1.
  • this device has the advantage that the vessel used can be used both as a transport vessel and as a holding alloy and / or degassing vessel and as a casting vessel, from which desired batches are removed by means of a ladle or by tilting the vessel.
  • the metal melt transferred from a melting vessel into the casting vessel is transferred in the casting container to a heating stand, where the casting vessel is placed or inserted and the melt can be heated inductively, thereby generating a bath movement.
  • post-treatments such as degassing, grain refining or even alloy adjustments can also be carried out in the casting vessel before the molten metal is made available to a casting plant, for example a mold casting or a continuous casting plant. Since the molten metal can remain in one and the same vessel from melting to the casting station, refilling processes are eliminated, so that the dreaded burn-up (oxidation) or other gas absorption, in particular of hydrogen, is essentially ruled out.
  • the casting vessel described in WO 03/047792 has a fireproof lining and an outer metal jacket which has slot-shaped openings in the lower region which are located at the level of the magnetic coil when the casting vessel is attached.
  • the slots mentioned prevent a large-scale generation of eddy currents in a structurally simple manner, which could lead to overheating and damage to the ladle.
  • this design has the disadvantage that gas, in particular hydrogen in the air, is caused by the Slots reach the refractory lining, diffuse through it and can penetrate into the melt, which in some circumstances can lead to the melt quality becoming so poor in a short time that the casting process has to be stopped.
  • the refractory lining consists of a gas-tight material or a gas-tight composite body.
  • a gas-tight material or a gas-tight composite body in the sense of the present invention means either an essentially homogeneous one-piece body or such a multi-layer composite body, the gas permeability of which is reduced to a technically acceptable minimum.
  • the ceramics known from the prior art do not meet these requirements, which is why, according to a further development of the invention, the refractory lining made of a clay graphite or a silicon zium carbide exists.
  • the clay graphite or silicon carbide lining is coated on the outer wall with a temperature-stable glaze.
  • the clay graphite consists of 40-45% C, 18-24% SiC, 17-20% Si0 2 , 5-8% Si and 8-10% Al 2 0 3 (all figures in% by weight).
  • the glaze which is preferably used contains 60% NaO, the rest borates and other additives.
  • a composite body made of a refractory crucible material which can also be a ceramic, and a gas-tight barrier layer made of a clay graphite or silicon carbide, the gas-tight barrier layer being arranged between the crucible material and the metal jacket.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a casting vessel known according to the prior art, which is coupled to a heating stand,
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic sketch of a casting vessel according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detailed view Z according to FIG. 3.
  • the casting vessel 1 shown in FIG. 1 and known from WO 03/047792 A1 is placed on a heating stand 2.
  • the casting vessel 1 has an upper region with a diameter Di of 1,100 mm, an intermediate region in which the diameter tapers, and a lower region with a diameter D 2 of 500 mm, which is adapted to the geometry of the ladle used.
  • the dimensions shown result in a filling capacity of approx. 2 to (2000 kg) aluminum.
  • the vessel has an outer metal jacket 4, which is made of a non-ferromagnetic material in the lower area, z. B. VA steel.
  • the coil 5 and the yokes 7 are installed in a common frame 8, which can be raised and lowered, as is made visible by the double arrow 9.
  • the collar-shaped area 11 serves as a supporting surface on a correspondingly ring-shaped surface of a heating station.
  • the casting vessel 1 is in any case releasably connected to the heating station 2, so that it can be used on or in the heating station 2, after which a field can be induced by means of the magnetic coil 5, which causes a bath movement in the melt and supplies heat to the melt ,
  • the heating station 2 can in particular be arranged next to a casting plant with a plurality of casting molds, so that the desired batch can then be removed from the vessel and poured using a ladle 12.
  • the outer metal jacket of the casting vessel is in the lower region, i. H. provided at the level of the magnetic coil 5 with slots 13 which run longitudinally axially and project above the magnetic coil or its longitudinal axial height in each case above and below.
  • the length of the slots is at least 1.2 times the longitudinal axial length of the magnet coil.
  • a clay graphite or silicon carbide is used instead of a refractory ceramic, a material that is gas-tight from a technical point of view. Since this material also has good insulation properties and is resistant to high temperatures, optimum mechanical strength, in particular dimensional stability of the casting vessel 1 is achieved in conjunction with the metal jacket even at high temperatures.
  • a refractory multilayer lining can also be used, which is made of a ceramic, which is melted turned first material layer 14, a gas-tight barrier layer 15, which is arranged between the well-insulating ceramic layer 14, which is however relatively porous, and the metal jacket 16. All materials that are sufficiently temperature-stable in connection with the ceramic layer 14 and its thickness and the resulting thermal insulation come into consideration as the barrier layer material.
  • an inner layer of clay graphite or silicon carbide facing the molten metal can also be used as composite materials, which are coated on the outside with a glaze, which then fulfills the function of a gas barrier layer.
  • the particular advantage of the design of the casting vessel according to the invention is that, on the one hand, as mentioned, the casting vessel has good dimensional stability at all possible temperatures, the energy required for heating and bath movement of the melt can be supplied inductively with practically no losses, and the design effort of the casting vessel is low in comparison to the alternatives proposed according to the prior art.

Abstract

The invention relates to a casting vessel comprising a metal jacket that is provided with several slit-shaped breakthroughs in the bottom area thereof and is removably placed on a heating stand with a magnet coil. According to the invention, the fireproof lining is made of a gas-tight material or a gas-tight composite member.

Description

Aus heizbarem Gießgefäß und einem Heizstand bestehende VorrichtungDevice consisting of heatable pouring vessel and a heating stand
Die Erfindung betrifft ein aus einem heizbaren, eine feuerfeste Auskleidung und einen äußeren, im unteren Bereich mit Schlitzen versehenen Metallmantel aufweisendes Gießgefäß für metallisches Schmelzgut, insbesondere für Aluminiumschmelzen, und einem Heizstand mit einer Magnetspule bestehende Vorrichtung, bei der das Gießgefäß auf dem stationären Heizstand lösbar aufgesetzt ist.The invention relates to a heatable, a refractory lining and an outer, provided with slots in the lower metal jacket casting vessel for molten metal, in particular for aluminum melts, and a heating system with a magnetic coil device in which the casting vessel is detachable on the stationary heating station is put on.
Eine solche Vorrichtung ist Gegenstand der WO 03/047792 A1. Wie dort beschrieben, hat diese Vorrichtung den Vorteil, dass das verwendete Gefäß sowohl als Transportgefäß als auch als Warmhalte-Legierungs- und/oder Entgasungsgefäß und als Gießgefäß verwendet werden kann, aus dem mittels eines Schöpflöffels oder durch Kippen des Gefäßes gewünschte Chargen entnommen werden. Die aus einem Schmelzgefäß in das Gießgefäß überführte Metallschmelze wird in dem Gießbehälter zu einem Heizstand überführt, wo das Gießgefäß auf- bzw. eingesetzt wird und die Schmelze induktiv beheizbar ist, womit eine Badbewegung erzeugt wird. Gegebenenfalls können im Gießgefäß auch Nachbehandlungen wie das Entgasen, Kornfeinen oder sogar Legierungseinstellungen vorgenommen werden, bevor die Metallschmelze einer Gießanlage bereitgestellt wird, beispielsweise einer Kokillengussoder einer Stranggießanlage. Da die Metallschmelze vom Erschmelzen bis zur Gießstation in ein und demselben Gefäß verbleiben kann, entfallen Umfüllvorgänge, so dass der gefürchtete Abbrand (Oxidation) oder eine sonstige Gasaufnahme, insbesondere von Wasserstoff, im Wesentlichen ausgeschlossen wird.Such a device is the subject of WO 03/047792 A1. As described there, this device has the advantage that the vessel used can be used both as a transport vessel and as a holding alloy and / or degassing vessel and as a casting vessel, from which desired batches are removed by means of a ladle or by tilting the vessel. The metal melt transferred from a melting vessel into the casting vessel is transferred in the casting container to a heating stand, where the casting vessel is placed or inserted and the melt can be heated inductively, thereby generating a bath movement. If necessary, post-treatments such as degassing, grain refining or even alloy adjustments can also be carried out in the casting vessel before the molten metal is made available to a casting plant, for example a mold casting or a continuous casting plant. Since the molten metal can remain in one and the same vessel from melting to the casting station, refilling processes are eliminated, so that the dreaded burn-up (oxidation) or other gas absorption, in particular of hydrogen, is essentially ruled out.
Das in der WO 03/047792 beschriebene Gießgefäß besitzt eine feuerfeste Auskleidung sowie einen äußeren Metallmantel, der im unteren Bereich schlitzförmige Durchbrechungen aufweist, die sich bei aufgesetztem Gießgefäß in Höhe der Magnetspule befinden. Die genannten Schlitze verhindern in konstruktiv einfacher Weise eine großflächige Erzeugung von Wirbelströmen, die zu einer Überhitzung und Schädigung der Gießpfanne führen könnte. Allerdings hat diese Ausbildung den Nachteil, dass Gas, insbesondere in der Luft befindlicher Wasserstoff, durch die Schlitze zur feuerfesten Auskleidung gelangen, durch diese hindurch diffundieren und in die Schmelze eindringen kann, was unter Umständen dazu führt, dass die Schmelzequalität in kurzer Zeit derart schlecht wird, dass der Gießprozess abgebrochen werden muss. Andere konstruktive Maßnahmen, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE-B 20 35 221 beschrieben werden, zielen darauf ab, anstelle eines Metallmantels einen glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffmantel oder einen Mantel aus längslaminierten Blechen, zwischen denen eine Kunststoffisolierschicht vorgesehen ist, zu verwenden. Da Kunststoffe nicht hinreichend temperaturstabil sind, muss die feuerfeste Innenauskleidung aus einer Keramik relativ dick gewählt werden, um die für die Kunststoffaußenhaut notwendige Wärmeisolation zu schaffen. Im Regelfall erweist sich jedoch eine Kunststoffaußenhaut als nicht hinreichend formstabil.The casting vessel described in WO 03/047792 has a fireproof lining and an outer metal jacket which has slot-shaped openings in the lower region which are located at the level of the magnetic coil when the casting vessel is attached. The slots mentioned prevent a large-scale generation of eddy currents in a structurally simple manner, which could lead to overheating and damage to the ladle. However, this design has the disadvantage that gas, in particular hydrogen in the air, is caused by the Slots reach the refractory lining, diffuse through it and can penetrate into the melt, which in some circumstances can lead to the melt quality becoming so poor in a short time that the casting process has to be stopped. Other design measures, such as those described in DE-B 20 35 221, aim to use a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic jacket or a jacket made of longitudinally laminated sheet metal, between which a plastic insulating layer is provided, instead of a metal jacket. Since plastics are not sufficiently temperature-stable, the fireproof inner lining made of a ceramic must be chosen to be relatively thick in order to create the thermal insulation necessary for the plastic outer skin. As a rule, however, a plastic outer skin does not prove to be sufficiently dimensionally stable.
Alle übrigen nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Maßnahmen, die einerseits für das elektromagnetische Feld eine hinreichende Durchlässigkeit schaffen und eine unerwünschte Aufheizung der Gießgefäßbehälterwand verhindern, andererseits aber auch das Eindringen schädlicher Gase in die Schmelze vermeiden, sind technisch aufwendig.All other measures known according to the prior art, which on the one hand create sufficient permeability for the electromagnetic field and prevent undesired heating of the casting vessel container wall, but on the other hand also prevent the penetration of harmful gases into the melt, are technically complex.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung die eingangs genannte Vorrichtung derart weiterzubilden, dass durch konstruktiv einfache Maßnahmen ein Eindringen von Gasen durch die Schlitze und die feuerfeste Auskleidung in die Gasschmelze zumindest im Wesentlichen ausgeschlossen werden kann.It is therefore an object of the present invention to further develop the device mentioned at the outset in such a way that, by means of structurally simple measures, the penetration of gases through the slots and the refractory lining into the gas melt can be at least substantially ruled out.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die feuerfeste Auskleidung aus einem gasdichten Material oder einem gasdichten Verbundkörper besteht. Unter einem gasdichten Material oder einem gasdichten Verbundkörper im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ist entweder ein im wesentlichen homogener einstückiger Körper oder ein solcher mehrschichtiger Verbundkörper zu verstehen, dessen Gasdurchlässigkeit auf ein technisch vertretbares Minimum reduziert ist. Die nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Keramiken erfüllen diese Voraussetzungen nicht, weshalb nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung die feuerfeste Auskleidung aus einem Tongrafit oder einem Sili- ziumcarbid besteht. Weiterhin vorzugsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Ton- grafit- oder Siliziumcarbid-Auskleidung an der Außenwand mit einer temperaturstabilen Glasur überzogen ist. Der Tongrafit besteht aus 40-45% C, 18-24% SiC, 17- 20% Si02, 5-8% Si und 8-10% Al203 (alle Angaben in Gew.%). Die vorzugsweise verwendete Glasur enthält 60% NaO, Rest Borate und andere Zusätze.This object is achieved by the device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the refractory lining consists of a gas-tight material or a gas-tight composite body. A gas-tight material or a gas-tight composite body in the sense of the present invention means either an essentially homogeneous one-piece body or such a multi-layer composite body, the gas permeability of which is reduced to a technically acceptable minimum. The ceramics known from the prior art do not meet these requirements, which is why, according to a further development of the invention, the refractory lining made of a clay graphite or a silicon zium carbide exists. Furthermore, it can preferably be provided that the clay graphite or silicon carbide lining is coated on the outer wall with a temperature-stable glaze. The clay graphite consists of 40-45% C, 18-24% SiC, 17-20% Si0 2 , 5-8% Si and 8-10% Al 2 0 3 (all figures in% by weight). The glaze which is preferably used contains 60% NaO, the rest borates and other additives.
Alternativ ist es möglich einen Verbundkörper aus einem feuerfesten Tiegelmaterial, das auch eine Keramik sein kann, und einer gasdichten Sperrschicht aus einem Tongrafit oder Siliziumcarbid zu verwenden, wobei die gasdichte Sperrschicht zwischen dem Tiegelmaterial und dem Metallmantel angeordnet ist.Alternatively, it is possible to use a composite body made of a refractory crucible material, which can also be a ceramic, and a gas-tight barrier layer made of a clay graphite or silicon carbide, the gas-tight barrier layer being arranged between the crucible material and the metal jacket.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch ein nach dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Gießgefäß, dass an einen Heizstand angekoppelt ist,1 shows a cross section through a casting vessel known according to the prior art, which is coupled to a heating stand,
Fig. 2 die Lage der Schlitze eines nach dem Stand der Technik ausgebildeten Gießgefäßes,2 shows the position of the slots of a casting vessel designed according to the prior art,
Fig. 3 eine schematische Skizze eines Gießgefäßes nach der vorliegenden Erfindung undFig. 3 is a schematic sketch of a casting vessel according to the present invention and
Fig. 4 eine Detailansicht Z nach Fig. 3.4 shows a detailed view Z according to FIG. 3.
Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte und aus der WO 03/047792 A1 bekannte Gießgefäß 1 ist auf einen Heizstand 2 aufgesetzt. Das Gießgefäß 1 besitzt einen oberen Bereich mit einem Durchmesser Di von 1.100 mm, einen Zwischenbereich, in dem sich der Durchmesser verjüngt, und einen unteren Bereich mit einem Durchmesser D2 von 500 mm, welcher der Geometrie des verwendeten Schöpflöffels angepasst ist. Aus den dargelegten Dimensionen ergibt sich ein Füllvermögen von ca. 2 to (2000 kg) Aluminium. Neben einer feuerfesten Auskleidung 3 besitzt das Gefäß einen äußeren Metallmantel 4, der im unteren Bereich aus einem nicht ferromagnetischen Material, z. B. VA-Stahl besteht. Um den unteren, beispielsweise zylindrischen Außenmantel ist im Abstand eines Luftspaltes 6 eine Magnetspule 5 angeordnet, die von einem Eisenkern (Joche 7) umschlossen wird. Die Spule 5 und die Joche 7 sind in einem gemeinsamen Rahmen 8 installiert, der heb- und senkbar ist, wie dies durch den Doppelpfeil 9 sichtbar gemacht ist. Als Auflage für das Gefäß dienen im vorliegenden Fall drei Stützen 10, die das Gefäß im konischen Zwischenbereich unterfassen. Soweit auf eine heb- und senkbare Heizeinrichtung 2 verzichtet werden kann, dient der kragenförmige Bereich 11 als Abstützfläche auf eine entsprechend ringförmige Auffläche eines Heizstandes. Das Gießgefäß 1 ist in jedem Fall lösbar mit dem Heizstand 2 verbunden, so dass es auf bzw. in den Heizstand 2 eingesetzt werden kann, wonach mittels der Magnetspule 5 ein Feld induzierbar ist, das in der Schmelze eine Badbewegung hervorruft sowie der Schmelze Wärme zuführt. Der Heizstand 2 kann insbesondere neben einer Gießanlage mit mehreren Gießkokillen angeordnet sein, so dass dann mittels eines Schöpflöffels 12 die gewünschte Charge aus dem Gefäß entnommen und vergossen werden kann.The casting vessel 1 shown in FIG. 1 and known from WO 03/047792 A1 is placed on a heating stand 2. The casting vessel 1 has an upper region with a diameter Di of 1,100 mm, an intermediate region in which the diameter tapers, and a lower region with a diameter D 2 of 500 mm, which is adapted to the geometry of the ladle used. The dimensions shown result in a filling capacity of approx. 2 to (2000 kg) aluminum. In addition to a refractory lining 3, the vessel has an outer metal jacket 4, which is made of a non-ferromagnetic material in the lower area, z. B. VA steel. A magnetic coil 5, which is enclosed by an iron core (yokes 7), is arranged around the lower, for example cylindrical, outer jacket at a distance from an air gap 6. The coil 5 and the yokes 7 are installed in a common frame 8, which can be raised and lowered, as is made visible by the double arrow 9. In the present case, three supports 10, which underlie the vessel in the conical intermediate region, serve as a support for the vessel. Insofar as there is no need for a heating and lowering heating device 2, the collar-shaped area 11 serves as a supporting surface on a correspondingly ring-shaped surface of a heating station. The casting vessel 1 is in any case releasably connected to the heating station 2, so that it can be used on or in the heating station 2, after which a field can be induced by means of the magnetic coil 5, which causes a bath movement in the melt and supplies heat to the melt , The heating station 2 can in particular be arranged next to a casting plant with a plurality of casting molds, so that the desired batch can then be removed from the vessel and poured using a ladle 12.
Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ist der äußere Metallmantel des Gießgefäßes im unteren Bereich, d. h. in Höhe der Magnetspule 5 mit Schlitzen 13 versehen, die längsaxial verlaufen und die Magnetspule bzw. deren längsaxiale Höhe jeweils oben und unten überragen. Die Länge der Schlitze beträgt mindestens das 1 ,2-fach der längsaxialen Länge der Magnetspule.As can be seen from Fig. 2, the outer metal jacket of the casting vessel is in the lower region, i. H. provided at the level of the magnetic coil 5 with slots 13 which run longitudinally axially and project above the magnetic coil or its longitudinal axial height in each case above and below. The length of the slots is at least 1.2 times the longitudinal axial length of the magnet coil.
Zur Erhöhung der Gasdichtigkeit des Gefäßes im unteren, mit Schlitzen versehenen Bereich, wird erfindungsgemäß an Stelle einer feuerfesten Keramik ein Tongrafit oder Siliziumcarbid verwendet, ein Material, das aus technischer Sicht gasdicht ist. Da dieses Material auch gute Isolationseigenschaften hat und hochtemperaturfest ist, wird in Verbindung mit dem Metallmantel eine optimale mechanische Festigkeit, insbesondere eine Formstabilität des Gießgefäßes 1 auch bei hohen Temperaturen erreicht.In order to increase the gas tightness of the vessel in the lower area provided with slits, a clay graphite or silicon carbide is used instead of a refractory ceramic, a material that is gas-tight from a technical point of view. Since this material also has good insulation properties and is resistant to high temperatures, optimum mechanical strength, in particular dimensional stability of the casting vessel 1 is achieved in conjunction with the metal jacket even at high temperatures.
Alternativ und wie in Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellt, kann auch eine feuerfeste mehrlagige Auskleidung verwendet werden, die aus einer keramischen, der Schmelze zuge- wandten ersten Materialschicht 14, einer gasdichten Sperrschicht 15 bestehen, die zwischen der gut isolierenden Keramikschicht 14, die jedoch relativ porös ist, und dem Metallmantel 16 angeordnet ist. Als Sperrschichtmaterial kommen alle Stoffe in Betracht, die in Verbindung mit der keramischen Schicht 14 und deren Dicke sowie der sich hieraus ergebenden Wärmeisolation hinreichend temperaturstabil sind.As an alternative and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a refractory multilayer lining can also be used, which is made of a ceramic, which is melted turned first material layer 14, a gas-tight barrier layer 15, which is arranged between the well-insulating ceramic layer 14, which is however relatively porous, and the metal jacket 16. All materials that are sufficiently temperature-stable in connection with the ceramic layer 14 and its thickness and the resulting thermal insulation come into consideration as the barrier layer material.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung können auch als Verbundmaterialien eine der Metallschmelze zugewandte innere Schicht aus Tongrafit oder Siliziumcarbid verwendet werden, die außen mit einer Glasur beschichtet sind, die dann die Funktion einer Gassperrschicht erfüllt.In the context of the present invention, an inner layer of clay graphite or silicon carbide facing the molten metal can also be used as composite materials, which are coated on the outside with a glaze, which then fulfills the function of a gas barrier layer.
Der besondere Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung des Gießgefäßes besteht darin, dass einerseits, wie erwähnt, das Gießgefäß bei allen in Betracht kommenden Temperaturen eine gute Formstabilität besitzt, die für die Erwärmung und Badbewegung der Schmelze notwendige Energie praktisch verlustarm induktiv zugeführt werden kann und der konstruktive Aufwand des Gießgefäßes im Vergleich zu den nach dem Stand der Technik vorgeschlagenen Alternativen gering ist. Weitere Vorteile des lösbar auf einen Heizstand aufsetzbaren Gießgefäßes sowie weitere Ausführungsformen und Verwendungsmöglichkeiten ergeben sich aus der WO 03/047792 A1 , auf die vollinhaltlich verwiesen wird. The particular advantage of the design of the casting vessel according to the invention is that, on the one hand, as mentioned, the casting vessel has good dimensional stability at all possible temperatures, the energy required for heating and bath movement of the melt can be supplied inductively with practically no losses, and the design effort of the casting vessel is low in comparison to the alternatives proposed according to the prior art. Further advantages of the casting vessel which can be releasably placed on a heating stand, as well as further embodiments and possible uses, result from WO 03/047792 A1, to which reference is made in full.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Aus einem heizbaren, einer feuerfeste Auskleidung (3) und einen äußeren, im unteren Bereich mit Schlitzen (13) versehenen Metallmantel (16) aufweisendes Gießgefäß (1) für metallisches Schmelzgut, insbesondere für Aluminiumschmelzen, und einen Heizstand (2) mit einer Magnetspule (5) bestehende Vorrichtung, bei der das Gießgefäß (1) auf dem stationären Heizstand (2) lösbar aufgesetzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die feuerfeste Auskleidung aus einem gasdichten Material oder einem gasdichten Verbundkörper (14, 15) besteht.1. From a heatable, a refractory lining (3) and an outer, in the lower area with slots (13) provided metal jacket (16) having a casting vessel (1) for metallic melting material, in particular for aluminum melts, and a heating station (2) with a Magnetic coil (5) existing device, in which the casting vessel (1) is detachably placed on the stationary heating stand (2), characterized in that the refractory lining consists of a gas-tight material or a gas-tight composite body (14, 15).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die feuerfeste Auskleidung (3) aus einem Tongrafit oder einem Siliziumcarbid besteht.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory lining (3) consists of a graphite or a silicon carbide.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die feuerfeste Auskleidung mit einer hochschmelzenden Glasur überzogen ist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the refractory lining is coated with a high-melting glaze.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gasdichte Verbundkörper aus einem feuerfesten Tiegelmaterial (14) und einer gasdichten Sperrschicht (15) besteht, die zwischen dem Tiegelmaterial und dem Metallmantel (16) angeordnet ist. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas-tight composite body consists of a refractory crucible material (14) and a gas-tight barrier layer (15) which is arranged between the crucible material and the metal jacket (16).
PCT/DE2005/000066 2004-02-19 2005-01-19 Device comprising a heatable casting vessel and a heating stand WO2005080027A1 (en)

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