WO2005078269A1 - Machine a vis rotatives de type volumetrique utilisee en tant que moteur a combustion externe - Google Patents

Machine a vis rotatives de type volumetrique utilisee en tant que moteur a combustion externe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005078269A1
WO2005078269A1 PCT/IB2004/000195 IB2004000195W WO2005078269A1 WO 2005078269 A1 WO2005078269 A1 WO 2005078269A1 IB 2004000195 W IB2004000195 W IB 2004000195W WO 2005078269 A1 WO2005078269 A1 WO 2005078269A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stage
series
screw
elements
detander
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/000195
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Gorban
Original Assignee
Elthom Enterprises Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elthom Enterprises Limited filed Critical Elthom Enterprises Limited
Priority to PCT/IB2004/000195 priority Critical patent/WO2005078269A1/fr
Publication of WO2005078269A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005078269A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G3/00—Combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F01C1/10—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
    • F01C1/107—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member with helical teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
    • F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
    • F01C11/004—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle and of complementary function, e.g. internal combustion engine with supercharger

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a volume screw machine of rotary type for use as an external combustion engine.
  • PRIOR ART Volume screw machines of rotary type comprise conjugated screw elements, namely a female (enclosing) screw element and a male (enclosed) screw element.
  • the female screw element has an inner profiled surface (inner screw surface, female surface), and the male screw element has an outer profiled surface (outer screw surface, male surface).
  • the screw surfaces are non-cylindrical and limit the elements radially. They are centred about axes which are parallel and which usually do not coincide, but are spaced apart by a length E (eccentricity).
  • a rotary screw machine of three-dimensional type of that type is known from US 5,439,359, wherein a male element surrounded by a fixed female element is in planetary motion relative to the female element.
  • the working chambers of internally conjugated rotary volume screw machines are formed by kinematic mechanisms consisting of these male and female curvilinear elements.
  • the transformation of energy of a working substance, a liquid or a gas is realized during expansion, displacement (pushing) compression, etc., for instance in rotary screw pumps, hydro(pneumatic) motors, compressors, vacuum pumps and internal engines.
  • the transformation of energy shall take place in an external combustion engine. That transformation of a motion is based on an interconnected rotary motion of male and female elements, making mechanical curvilinear contact with each other and forming closed working chambers for a working substance which performs an axial motion when a relative motion of conjugated elements in space is performed.
  • the screw surfaces have cycloidal (trochoidal) shapes as it is for example known from French patent FR-A-997957 and US 3,975,120.
  • the transformation of a motion as used in motors has been described by V. Tiraspolskyi, "Hydraulical Downhole Motors in Drilling", the course of drilling, p.258-259, published by Edition TECHNIP, Paris.
  • an interconnected motion of male and female elements is very often provided by a mechanism of synchronization. If the number of shape-forming arcs on a female element is more than that on a male element, the synchronization is ensured by self-meshing of these elements, i.e. without resorting to special synchronizing mechanisms.
  • the effectiveness of the method of transforming a motion in the screw machines of the prior art is determined by the intensity of the thermodynamic processes taking place in the machine, and is characterized by the generalized parameter "angular cycle".
  • the cycle is equal to a turn angle of any rotating element (male, female or synchronizing link) chosen as an element with an independent degree of freedom.
  • the angular cycle is equal to a turn angle of a member with independent degree of freedom at which an overall period of variation of the cross section area (opening and closing) of the working chamber, formed by the male and female elements, takes place, as well as axial movement of the working chambers by one period P m in the machines with an inner screw surface by one period P f in the machines with an outer screw surface.
  • Such an improved volume screw machine comprises a compressor stage which comprises at least two series of rotary screw elements, wherein an outer series of rotary screw elements encloses an inner series of rotary screw elements, a detander stage comprising once again at least two series of rotary screw elements, wherein the same feature is provided, that an outer series of rotary screw elements encloses an inner series of rotary screw elements.
  • the volume screw machine comprises an intermediate heat exchanger stage, and the volume screw machine works in such a manner that the at least one rotary screw element in the compressor stage and at least one rotary screw element in the detander stage are mechanically coupled to each other.
  • a rotary motion in the compressor stage is synchronized with a rotary motion in the detander stage.
  • each series in the compressor stage and/or in the detander stage (preferably in both of them in the same way) comprises an outer enclosing screw element having a profiled inner surface, and intermediate screw element which is both enclosing and enclosed, having a profiled inner and a profiled outer surface, and an inner enclosed screw element having a profiled outer surface.
  • a channel is provided in order to transport working medium from a working chamber formed in one of these series of rotary screw elements to a working chamber formed at the other one of these series of rotary screw elements.
  • the channel transports working medium from a working chamber formed in the outer series of rotary screw elements to the inner series of rotary screw elements
  • a channel transports working medium from an inner series of rotary screw elements to an outer series of rotary screw elements.
  • rotors in each series are mechanically coupled to each other, thereby rotating with identical angular velocities.
  • the rotors are preferably the inner enclosed screw elements.
  • the most simplest and therefore preferred way of coupling the rotary motions in the compressor and the detander stages is to use once again these rotors.
  • the rotors in each series are coupled to each other, i.e. two rotors in the compressor stage and two rotors in the detander stage.
  • the rotors in each stage can then be mechanically coupled via a common central shaft.
  • this shaft can just be a rod which connects the inner enclosed screw elements of both stages and rotates with them.
  • the working medium emanating from the compressor stage is guided in a guiding tube surrounding the common central shaft to the detander stage.
  • the heat exchanger stage comprises heat exchanger tube surrounding that guiding tube. Therefore, the heat exchanger stage is nothing else than a tube which provides enough space for a counter-flow installation.
  • a pipe guiding working medium from an outlet of the detander stage to an inlet of the compressor stage can be provided.
  • a heat supply to the detander stage on the one hand and a heat with the drawing means coupled to the compressor stage on the other hand have to be provided.
  • Fig.l shows a longitudinal cross section of the volume screw machine according to the invention
  • Fig.2 shows a cross section along the lines II-II in fig.l of the volume screw machine according to the invention
  • Fig.3 illustrates the principle how an end profile of a screw surface of anyone of the conjugated elements can be designed
  • Each series comprises an outer enclosing screw element (elements 5 and 15) having a profiled inner surface 105, 115, an intermediate screw element (elements 6 and 16) which is both enclosing and enclosed and which has a profiled inner (106, 116) and a profiled outer 206, 216 surface, as well as an inner enclosed screw element 7, 17 having a profiled outer surface 207, 217.
  • a channel is provided which shall transport working medium from a working chamber 100, 200 formed in one of these series of rotary screw elements to a working chamber 300, 400 formed in the other one of these series of rotary screw elements.
  • the channel transports working medium from the outer series of rotary screw elements (5, 6, 7) to the inner series of rotary screw elements (15, 16, 17), whereas in the detander, the channel transports working medium from the inner series of rotary screw elements 15, 16, 17 to the outer series of rotary screw elements 5, 6, 7.
  • the working chambers 100, 200 formed by the outer series of rotary screw elements 5, 6, 7 in both the compressor and the detander stages provide a higher volume (per cycle of rotation) than those formed by the inner series of rotary screw elements 15, 16 and 17. It is to be noted that a mechanical synchronization of the rotary motion of the inner enclosed screw elements in each series to the corresponding one of the other series is provided.
  • the rotors 7, 17 are mechanically coupled and do thereby rotate with identical angular velocities.
  • the formation of the working chambers is thereby solely defined by the shape of the screw elements.
  • the rotors 17 acting as inner enclosed screw elements in the inner series of rotary screw elements 15, 16, 17 in both the compressor 18 and the detander stages 20 are mechanically coupled via a common central shaft 24.
  • the rotors 7 and 17 of the compressor stage are mechanically coupled to the rotors 7 and 17 of the detander stage and rotate with the same angular velocity.
  • Working medium emanating from the compressor stage 18 is guided in a guiding tube surrounding the common central shaft 24 to the detander stage 20.
  • That tube surrounding the common central shaft is long enough to be surrounded by heat exchanger tubes.
  • heat exchanger tubes are wound around that guiding tube such that a counter-flowing working medium can be cooled while heating the working medium which is guided in the guiding tube.
  • a closed circuit for the transport of working medium in the volume screw machine as shown in Fig. 1 is provided. Namely, a pipe guiding the working medium from an outlet of the detander stage 20 (via the heat exchanger tubes in the heat exchanger stage 19) is connected to an inlet of the compressor stage 18. In the detander stage there is a heat supply supplying heat QD, whereas from the compressor stage, heat Q c can be withdrawn (by cooling).
  • both the compressor stage 18 and the detander stage 20 are essentially of equal shape, i.e. have equal cross sections. This is in particular the case with the single screw elements: They have the same average radii and the same thicknesses.
  • Both the first and the compressor 18 and detander 20 stages comprise two groups of conjugated elements, namely a first group of elements 5, 6 and 7 and a second group comprised of elements 15, 16 and 17. The details of their placement are as follows: As mentioned above, both the compressor and the detander stages comprise first female elements 5 and 15 having an inner profiled surface 105 and 115, respectively, wherein these female elements 5 and
  • the female elements 5 and 15 are centred about a fixed axis Z, the symmetry axis of the volume screw machine.
  • the female elements 5 and 15 have a symmetry order of
  • the notion symmetry order relates to a rotational symmetry of an end surface of these elements.
  • the first set further comprises second elements 6 and 16 which are both male and female, i.e. comprise both an outer trochoidal surface 216, 116 and an inner trochoidal surface 206, 106. They have a symmetry order of 5 and are centred about an own axis O 6 and O ⁇ 6 , respectively. They execute a planetary motion.
  • Synchronizer elements 7 and 17 having an outer profiled surface 207 and 217, respectively, with a symmetry order of 4 are further provided. Between these elements, working chamber 100, 300 on the one hand and 200 and 400 on the other hand are provided between which working medium can be transported via a channel.
  • the stages 18 and 20 shown in Fig.l form a differential mechanism having the three degrees of freedom of the mechanical rotation of the elements 5, 6, 7 and 15, 16, 17. Two of these degrees are independent degrees of freedom of a rotation.
  • x(t) E cos(n m -l)t+E(n m -l)cos t
  • y(t) E sin(n m -l)t-E(n m -l)sin t.
  • the points where the point A contacts these circles are indicated at B, C, D, F, I.
  • Fig.4 shows a three-dimensional representation of a screw element obtained by using the construction described above. All of the outer surfaces 217, 216, 207, 206, of the male elements 17, 16, 7, 6, and all of the inner surfaces 105, 106, 115, 116, of the female elements 5, 6, 15, 16, respectively, are radially limited by such non-cylindrical screw surfaces constructed as explained above. It is to be noted that the symmetry order of these surfaces increases from the interior to the exterior.
  • the innermost element 17 has a symmetry order of 4 and is surrounded by an element 16, with a symmetry order of 5 which itself is then surrounded by an element 15, having an inner profiled surface 115, with a symmetry order of 6.
  • Element 5 is rigidly connected to the body 13.
  • the elements 5, 7, 15, 17, are set such that they can rotate about the axis Z.
  • These axes 0 6 and O i6 are placed on a line traversing the central axis. During rotation, their spatial relationship remains conserved.
  • the screw machine is also dynamically balanced.
  • the elements 6 and 16 are set in the machine such that they can execute a planetary motion about the axis Z.
  • the elements 6 and 16 are set between the elements 5, 7; 15, 17 respectively, without any additional means to start the rotors into a planetary motion.
  • the direction of the axial motion of the working medium along the Z-axis in the chambers 100, 200 is defined by the direction of revolution of the centres O 6 , O ⁇ 6 of the elements 6, 16 in the stages 18 and 20.
  • the revolution of the centres O 6 , Oi6 is given the same direction. If one wanted to choose opposite directions of working medium motion in the chambers 100, 200 on the one hand and 300 and 400 on the other hand, the revolution of the centres O ⁇ , Oi6 should be made contrarotatively.
  • the stage ⁇ comprised of the series of elements 5, 6, 7 and 15, 16 and 17 forms a section of suction and preliminary compression in which continuously-cyclic stepped working medium compression is carried out.
  • the working chambers 100, 200 of suction in the differential mechanism 1 are formed by the outer group of conjugated elements 5, 6, 7 which are disposed coaxially to eccentricity in the inner cavities of each other.
  • Preliminary compression is performed when air is pumped into the inner group of conjugated elements 15, 16, 17.
  • the choice of a number of transformation groups and the scheme of how the planetary and differential kinematic mechanisms are combined is determined by the required angular extent and a combination of the values of the axial movement periods of the working chambers in- between in these mechanisms.
  • the basic information is that the engine is an external combustion engine performing a Stirling cycle.
  • the compressor stage 18 compresses a working substance such as helium or hydrogen under pressure of 40 to 400 atmospheres esothermically.
  • the heat exchanger stage 19 serves for isochoric heat exchange of parts of a working substance in that Stirling cycle.
  • the working substance is esothermically expanded in the detander 20.
  • the isochoric heat exchange takes place between working substance withdrawn from an output of the detander stage 20 and some part of a working substance output from the compressor stage 18.
  • external heat Q D of any kind (e.g. heat of organic fuel combustion) is fed to the detander stage 20 in order to be transformed into work.
  • Heat Qc is withdrawn (cooled) in the compressor stage 18.
  • the complete cycle of an axial movement of working chambers between inner elements 6, 7 and 16, 17 at the given symmetry orders of its element and at the given planetary scheme of the kinematic interaction occurs in 144 angular degrees of rotation of the output shaft 4, i.e.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine volumétrique à vis rotatives utilisée en tant que moteur à combustion externe. Cette machine peut être utilisée comme un moteur dans lequel la chaleur externe est transformée en énergie mécanique. La machine selon l'invention comprend un étage compresseur (18) et un étage détendeur (20), les deux étages comprenant au moins deux séries d'éléments vis rotatives. Dans chaque étage, une série extérieure d'éléments vis rotatives (5, 6, 7) contient une série intérieure d'éléments vis rotatives (15, 16, 17). Un étage échangeur thermique (19) est formé entre ces deux étages. Au moins un élément vis rotative (17) de l'étage compresseur (18) et un élément vis rotative (17) de l'étage détendeur (20) sont couplés mécaniquement. Pour ce couplage, on utilise de préférence un arbre central commun (24).
PCT/IB2004/000195 2004-01-15 2004-01-15 Machine a vis rotatives de type volumetrique utilisee en tant que moteur a combustion externe WO2005078269A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PCT/IB2004/000195 WO2005078269A1 (fr) 2004-01-15 2004-01-15 Machine a vis rotatives de type volumetrique utilisee en tant que moteur a combustion externe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2004/000195 WO2005078269A1 (fr) 2004-01-15 2004-01-15 Machine a vis rotatives de type volumetrique utilisee en tant que moteur a combustion externe

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2921645A1 (fr) 2014-03-17 2015-09-23 Antoine Warnery Turbine avec des rotors torsadés.
WO2017098197A1 (fr) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 University Of Northumbria Appareil à cycle de stirling rotatif et procédé associé

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE633784C (de) * 1935-03-21 1936-08-06 Rene Joseph Louis Moineau Als Pumpe, Motor oder UEbertragungsorgan o. dgl. verwendbare Vorrichtung
RU2140018C1 (ru) * 1998-05-13 1999-10-20 Бродов Михаил Ефимович Способ преобразования движения в машине объемного расширения (вытеснения) и объемная машина горбаня-бродова
WO2001036801A2 (fr) * 1999-11-17 2001-05-25 Herbert Josef Karlsreiter Moteur thermique
DE10123078C1 (de) * 2001-05-11 2002-05-23 Ulrich Zuberbuehler Heißgasmotor mit Schraubenrotor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE633784C (de) * 1935-03-21 1936-08-06 Rene Joseph Louis Moineau Als Pumpe, Motor oder UEbertragungsorgan o. dgl. verwendbare Vorrichtung
RU2140018C1 (ru) * 1998-05-13 1999-10-20 Бродов Михаил Ефимович Способ преобразования движения в машине объемного расширения (вытеснения) и объемная машина горбаня-бродова
WO2001036801A2 (fr) * 1999-11-17 2001-05-25 Herbert Josef Karlsreiter Moteur thermique
DE10123078C1 (de) * 2001-05-11 2002-05-23 Ulrich Zuberbuehler Heißgasmotor mit Schraubenrotor

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2921645A1 (fr) 2014-03-17 2015-09-23 Antoine Warnery Turbine avec des rotors torsadés.
WO2017098197A1 (fr) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 University Of Northumbria Appareil à cycle de stirling rotatif et procédé associé
KR20180103888A (ko) * 2015-12-11 2018-09-19 유니버시티 오브 노섬브리아 로터리 스터링-사이클 장치 및 그 방법
CN108699998A (zh) * 2015-12-11 2018-10-23 诺森比亚大学 旋转式斯特林循环装置及其方法
JP2019504239A (ja) * 2015-12-11 2019-02-14 ユニバーシティ オブ ノーザンブリアＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ Ｏｆ Ｎｏｒｔｈｕｍｂｒｉａ 回転式スターリングサイクル装置及び方法
KR102001123B1 (ko) 2015-12-11 2019-07-17 유니버시티 오브 노섬브리아 로터리 스터링-사이클 장치 및 그 방법
US10400708B2 (en) * 2015-12-11 2019-09-03 University Of Northumbria Rotary stirling-cycle apparatus and method thereof
CN108699998B (zh) * 2015-12-11 2020-11-10 诺森比亚大学 旋转式斯特林循环装置及其方法

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