MXPA06008018A - Method of transforming energy in a rotary screw machine of volumetric type - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of transforming energy in a rotary screw machine that comprises a first and a second set of conjugated male and female elements spaced apart from each other along a central axis and having inner/outer profiled surfaces. Upon rotary motion of the male and/or female elements, working chambers are formed between these elements. The working chambers perform an axial movement. The rotary motions of the different sets (1, 2, 3) are synchronized in such a manner that synchronous and inphase motion of the elements in the different sets is performed with different values of angular periods of oscillation of axial movement of the working chambers. Thereby, a working medium transported in these working chambers can be compressed or expanded.

Description

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METHOD OF TRANSFORMING ENERGY IN A ROTARY SCREW MACHINE OF VOLUMETRIC TYPE FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method of transforming energy in a rotary screw machine.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Rotary type volume screw machines comprise conjugate screw elements, particularly a female screw element (of enclosure) and a male screw element (enclosed). The female screw element has an internal profiled surface (inner screw surface, female surface), and the male screw element has an external profiled surface (external thyme surface, male surface). The screw surfaces are not cylindrical and radially limit the elements. They are centered around axes that are parallel and that usually do not coincide, but are spaced by a length E (eccentricity). A three-dimensional rotary screw machine of this type is known from US 5,439,359, wherein a male element surrounded by a fixed female element is in planetary motion with respect to the element female. The working chambers of internally conjugated volume rotary screw machines are formed by kinematic mechanisms consisting of those curvilinear male and female elements. The transformation of movements is based on an interconnected rotating movement of male and female elements, which make curvilinear mechanical contact with each other and form these closed work chambers for a working substance, which performs an axial movement when a relative movement is made of the conjugated elements in space. In most cases, the screw surfaces have cycloidal shapes (trochoids), as is known, for example, from French patent FR-A-997957 and US 3,975,120. The transformation of a movement as used in engines has been described by V. Tiraspolskyi, "Hydraulic Downhole Motors in Drilling", "the course of drilling", p. 258-259, published by Edition TECHNIP, Paris. The effectiveness of the energy transformation method in prior art screw machines is determined by the intensity of the thermodynamic processes occurring in the machine, and is characterized by the generalized parameter "angular cycle". The cycle is equal to a turn angle of any rotating element (male, female or synchronization link), chosen as an element with an independent degree of freedom.

The angular cycle is equal to a turn angle of a member with an independent degree of freedom, in which a general period of variation of the cross-sectional area (opening and closing) of the working chamber formed by the male and female elements occurs, as well as well as axial movement of the working chambers for a period Pm in the machines with an internal screw surface, for a period Pf in the machines with an external screw surface. The known methods of energy transformation in rotary-type volume screw machines with curvilinearly-shaped elements, made in similar volume machines, have the following disadvantages: limited technical potential due to an imperfect process of organizing a movement, which can not increase the number of angular cycles per turn of the impulse member with the independent degree of freedom; - limited specific power of similar screw machines; - limited efficiency; - Existence of reactive forces on the fixed body of the machine. In all cases, the longitudinal axes of the internally conjugated screw elements are parallel. Sometimes they have eccentricity and some of them are movable. A movement is provided planetary or a differential movement.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to solve the aforementioned problem. A volume screw machine used in the invention comprises at least two sets of conjugated male and female elements, spaced apart from one another, preferably along a central axis of the machine. The female elements of each set have an internal profiled surface centered around a first longitudinal axis, and the male elements of each set have an outer profiled surface centered around a second longitudinal axis. The first and second longitudinal axis are parallel to each other. The male elements are placed in a cavity of the corresponding female elements. In the energy transformation method in a rotary screw machine according to the invention, after the rotating movement of the male or female work elements, work chambers that are formed between the female and male elements perform an axial movement. In the invention, the rotational movements of the different sets are synchronized in such a way that the synchronous and in phase movement of the elements in different sets, is realized with different values of angular periods of oscillation of axial movement of said cameras of job. In other words, the parts (or elements) of the machine are arranged in such a way that by the movement of a conjugate element, the coaxial longitudinal axes in each set move with angular velocities having values characterized by a predetermined ratio (one with with respect to another). The synchronization helps to optimize the function of the machine. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angular period decreases from one set to the next, thus having the working medium compressed. In an alternative mode, the angular period increases from one game to the next, thus having the working medium expanded. One embodiment of the machine comprises both a rotor and a counterrotor, wherein the latter rotates counterrotatively to the rotor. Elements of planetary movement can be placed between them. This modality facilitates a stable and balanced movement of the work environment in the work chambers. The coupling means can be a mechanical device. Alternatively, the working medium can be used to couple the different games. In a combination of these alternatives, the synchronization means comprises an arrow (at least partially) hollow, where the working means passes through said arrow. In a further preferred embodiment, a first set is used which forms a differential kinematic mechanism having three degrees of freedom of a mechanical rotation, of which two degrees of freedom are independent, and a second game that forms a planetary kinematic mechanism that has two degrees of freedom of a mechanical rotation, of which a degree of freedom is independent. A third set of conjugated elements can form a differential kinetic mechanism. The machine can then be arranged in such a way that the conjugated elements of the first and third set have substantially equal cross sections. In other words, the first and third games can be of the same design and are coupled by means of the second game. In particular, the radii, or thicknesses, or average undulations of the screw elements, are the same. Of course, the games can comprise more than a single male element and a single female element. In a preferred embodiment a nested structure is provided. For example, the aforementioned first and second game may comprise two groups of conjugated male and female elements, which are separated by a channel in which the working means may be transported. In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the thermal energy of the working medium is removed and supplied to a heat exchanger (removed from the working medium in a first stage and supplied in a second stage or the other turn of address). In addition, the mechanical energy produced in one of these games it can be used to drive another mechanical device. In other words, the mechanical energy can be extracted from the rotary screw machine. Of course, well-known thermodynamic laws have to be respected; in particular, changes in temperature must occur at the same time in some portions of the machine or the working medium.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be made more apparent by the description given below of a preferred mode of carrying it out with respect to the drawings, in which: Figure 1a shows a longitudinal cross-section of the volume screw machine used in the present invention; Figure 1 b shows a schematic view of the volume screw machine of Figure 1a; Figure 2 shows a cross section along the lines ll-ll of Figure 1a of the volume screw machine of Figure 1a; Figure 3 shows a cross-section along the lines III-III of Figure 1 of the volume screw machine of Figure 1a; Figure 4 illustrates the principle of how an end profile of a screw surface of any of the conjugate elements can be designed; Figure 5 presents an electronic CAD construction of a screw surface of the conjugate element having an order of symmetry of nm = 4.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED MODALITY A volume screw machine used in the present invention, which is shown in Figures 1a and 1b, comprises three different sets of conjugated elements, particularly a first set, 1, which forms a differential kinematic mechanism for the suction and compression of air; a second set, 2, which forms a planetary mechanism intended for compressing air (and combustion of fuel in a chamber, 140, thereof); and a third set, 3, which forms a differential kinematic mechanism which is intended for the expansion of the combustion products of the chambers 140 of the game 2. In other words, the volume screw machine used for the invention is an engine of internal combustion of rotating screw in which a movement is transformed, and in which a continuous cyclic change of the working substance energy occurs in synchrony with a process of passing that working substance through work chambers of the different sections. Therefore, the volume screw machine generates work substance energy. Synchronizers, 11 and 14, which are intended to sustain (operation of game 1 and game 3, respectively, are provided.) They can be provided as a single element as shown in figure 1 b.

It is to be noted that the different sets 1, 2 and 3 of the volume screw machine according to the invention are spaced from one another along the central axis Z of the machine. In other words, games 1, 2 and 3 do not surround each other. Rather, they are placed one behind the previous one, or in other words, one in line with the previous one. All are centered around the central axis of the machine. The different games are coupled by a mechanical link and by the action of the gaseous working substance, that is, a gaseous link. The mechanical link between the mechanisms 1, 2 and 3, is provided by a common arrow, 4, which is partially hollow and furthermore is provided with a crank, 10, attached thereto. The air can pass from the mechanism set 1 to the mechanism set 2 through the hollow portion of the arrow 4. The sets 1 and 2 together form a rotary screw compression (compressor) machine of the volumetric type. Set 2 provides combustion chambers, 140, and sets 2 and 3, when they cooperate, form an expanded rotary screw machine (dendrier) of the volumetric type. Both the first and the second set, 1 and 3, comprise two groups of conjugated elements, particularly a first group of elements 5, 6 and 7 (5 ', 6' and T), and a second group comprised of the elements 15, 16 and 17 (15 ', 16' and 17 '). It is to be noted that the first set 1 and the second set 3 are essentially of the same shape, ie they have equal cross sections. This is the case in particular with the elements of a single screw: They have the same average radii and the same thicknesses. The details are as follows: The first set comprises the first female elements 5 and 15, which have an internal profiled surface, 105 and 115, respectively, wherein these female elements 5 and 15 are centered around a fixed axis Z, The axis of symmetry of the volume screw machine. The female elements 5 and 15 have an order of symmetry of 6. In the following, the notion of order of symmetry refers to a rotational symmetry of an end surface of these elements. The first set also comprises second elements, 6 and 16, which are both male and female, that is, they comprise both an external trochoid surface, 216, 116, and an internal trochoid surface, 206, 106. They have an order of symmetry of 5 and are centered around a proper axis 06 and 0-? 6, respectively. They execute a planetary movement. Synchronizing elements 7 and 17 are also provided which have an external profiled surface, 207 and 217, respectively, with an order of symmetry of 4. Among these elements, work chambers 100, 300, on the one hand, and 200 are provided. 400, on the other hand. Between the elements 5, 6 and 7, on the one hand, and 15, 16 and 17, on the other hand, a channel is provided so that the air conveyed in the working chambers 100 and 200, can return to the lower side (in 1a and 1b) of the volume screw machine, and then be transported in the work chambers 300 and 400. The second set 2 comprises only two conjugated elements, particularly a female element, 8, having an internal profiled surface 108 with an order of symmetry of 3, which is also centered around the Z axis, and a male element having an external profiled trochoid surface, 209, with an order of symmetry of 2, which is centered around the Og axis and which executes a planetary motion. The work chambers 140 are formed between these elements. The fuel can be inserted into these work chambers 140 through the inlet 12. The third set 3 comprises in each group a first male element, 7 'and 17', respectively, having external surfaces 207 'and 217', respectively , with an order of symmetry of 4, which is centered around the fixed axis Z. Seconds elements, 6 'and 16', which are both male and female and comprise initial trochoidal surfaces 106 ', 206' and 116 ', 216', they both have an order of symmetry of 5. These elements 6 'and 16' are centered around second axes 06 < , O? 6 ', and execute a planetary movement. The elements 5 'and 15' having internal surfaces 105 'and 115' with an order of symmetry of 6, act as synchronizing elements. Between these elements work chambers 100 ', 300' are formed, on the one hand, and work chambers 200 ', 400', on the other hand. The game 1 shown in figures 1a and 1b forming a differential mechanism has three degrees of freedom from the mechanical rotation of the elements 5, 6, 7, and 15, 16, 17. Two of these degrees are independent degrees of freedom of a rotation. The same applies for elements 5 ', 6', 7 ', and 15', 16 'and 17' of game 3, which also forms a differential mechanism. The planetary kinematic mechanism of transformation of a game movement 2 shown in Figures 1a and 1b, has the two degrees of freedom of mechanical rotation of the element 9. A degree thereof is an independent degree of freedom of a rotation. In the invention, the transformation of energy can be done by transforming a movement of the conjugated elements in the form of mechanically linked movements of game elements of kinematic mechanism groups, particularly those formed by the conjugated elements 5, 6, 7, 15, 16 , 17, and 8, 9, which are arranged coaxially to the eccentricity in the internal cavities of each one. In addition, the synchronization coupling links, 10, can also be used as leveling devices, 11, which execute a synchronized interconnected movement of the elements around the main axis of the machine and around its own axes. To do so, the transformation of movement is done in synchrony, at least in two groups of kinematic mechanisms, where a movement of elements Interconnected is transformed to receive energy of working substance. The method according to the invention facilitates the transformation of a movement of conjugated elements in synchrony and simultaneously, while the working substance passes through the differential kinematic mechanisms in set 1, which are mechanically linked to each other, and by example are forming a suction section and a section of compression, as shown in figures 1 a and 1 b. At least this differential kinematic mechanism formed in set 1 has three degrees of freedom from a mechanical rotation, of which two are independent, and the planetary kinematic mechanisms of set 2 shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b comprise a compression section and emission of a working substance, which has an independent degree of freedom of rotation, where in the differential and planetary mechanisms, different values of the angular periods of an axial movement of the working chambers are provided (when they are counted from a return angle of the output link, 4). It should be noted that the screw elements can not be arbitrary, but they must have well-defined properties. Its well-defined shape, dm, which is constructed in the following manner as explained with respect to figure 4, wherein the profile dm has an order of symmetry of nm = 5; We start with the construction of a hypocycloid F ~, which has the parametric form (dependent on the parameter t): x (t) = E cos (nm-1) t + E (nm-1) cos ty (t) = E sin (nm-1) tE (nm-1) sin t. These hypocycloids of an order of symmetry nm, (nm + 1), (nm + 2), ... (nm + i), are the curves described by a point A of a circle having the radius O-IA = E and the center OE, and that has rolled (without sliding) along the inner surface of another circle with radii equal to Enm, E (nm + 1), E (nm + 2), ... E (nm + i), which has a center Om as shown in figures 1a and 1 b. The points where point A makes contact with these circles are indicated in B, C, D, F, I. An equivalent way of constructing said hypocycloid l ~ of an order of symmetry nm, (nm + 1), (nm + 2), ... (nm + i), is based on the description of the curve of point A of circles with radii E (nm-1), E (nm + 1), ... E (nm + 1 + ¡) And the center O2 that rolls (without sliding) along the inner surface of the circles that have radii equal to Enm, E (nm + 1), E (nm + 2), ... E (nm + 2 + i). The profile Dm used for the screw elements in the present invention, starting from the hypocycloid l ~, is obtained by rolling a circle with radius r0 which is for example equal to 2E, r0 = FR = 2E in Figure 4, throughout of the hypocycloid l ~, where during the bearing, the center of that circle moves along the hypocycloid. If r0 is chosen to vary monotonically along the z axis (the axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of figures 1a and 1 b), the parametric equations (dependent on the parameter t) are obtained for the profile Dm: X (t) = E < cos [(n / (n + 1)) [arc sin (sin t) -t]] + n cos [(arc sin (sin t) -t) / (n + 1) > + r0 (z) cos [arc sin (sin t) - (arc sin (sin t) -t) / (n + 1)]; and (t) = E (sin [(n / (n + 1)) [arc sin (sin t) -t]] + n sin [(arc sin (sin t) -t) / (n + 1)] > + r0 (z) sin [arc sin (sin t) - (arc sin (sin t) -t) / (n + 1)], where n = nm-1 on = nf-1. shows a three-dimensional representation of a screw element obtained using the construction described above. All the external surfaces, 217, 216, 207, 206, 217 ', 216', 207 ', 206', 209 of the male elements 17, 16, 7, 6, 17 ', 16', 7 ', 6' and 9, and all internal surfaces 105, 106, 115, 116, 105 ', 106', 115 ', 116', 108 of the female elements 5, 6, 15, 16, 5 ', 6', 15 ', 16 'and 8, respectively, are radially limited by such non-cylindrical screw surfaces constructed as explained above. It should be noted that the order of symmetry of these surfaces increases from the interior to the exterior. In the second set, the screw element 9 has an order of symmetry of 2, while the screw element 8 has an order of symmetry of 3. In the first set 1 and the third set 3, the innermost element 17, 17 'has an order of symmetry of 4 and is surrounded by an element 16, 16 ', with an order of symmetry of 5, which alone is then surrounded by an element 15, 15', which has an internal profiled surface 115, 115 ', with an order of symmetry of 6. This series of orders of symmetry are then repeated starting from the element 7, 7 ', to the element 5, 5'. The elements 5, 7, 15, 17, 5 ', 7', 15 ', 17' are placed in such a way that they can rotate around the Z axis. The axes Oß, O16, Oß; 0 - \ & , Og of elements 6, 16, 6 ', 16' and 9, respectively, are movable. It should be noted that the axis 06 has an eccentricity of E? = E with respect to the central axis Z, and that the axis O-? 6 has an eccentricity of -E2 (less than Ei) with respect to the central axis Z. These axes 06 and O? ß are placed on a line that crosses the central axis. During rotation, its spatial relationship is conserved. In othersWITHOUT. words, if the eccentricities are chosen in such a way as to obtain a statically balanced volume screw machine, the screw machine is also dynamically balanced. The elements 6, 16 and 9 are placed in the machine in such a way that they can execute a planetary movement around the Z axis. The elements 6, 16, 6 ', 16' are placed between the elements 5, 7; 15, 17; 5 ', 7' and 15 ', 17', respectively, without any additional means to start the rotors in a planetary motion. The rotor 9 is hinged on a crank 10 of the arrow 4. In the differential mechanisms 1 and 3 and in the planetary mechanism 2, the links are placed in such a way as to make it possible to perform a suction of continuously cyclic volume with compression in set 1, compression with release of the working substance in the work chambers 140 of set 2, and expansion of the working substance and work chambers 100 ', 200', 300 ', 400' of the set 3. It is Note that the combustion section with the combustion chamber 140 is formed by the elements of the planetary mechanism 2, a cross section of which is shown in figure 3. The planetary mechanism 2 consists of the fixed central stator 8 and the rotor-satellite planetary 9, the crank 10 on the arrow 4. The device 12 is intended for fuel injection into the chamber 140 and the provision of its ignition. The combustion chambers 140 can be formed by a period of twisting rotation of the profiles of the elements 8 and 9, or two periods of twisting (for fuel combustion at constant volume).

With the fixed element 8, the planetary movement of the element 9 is defined by the following parameters: ; ? 9 =? G¡ro (9) = - 0.5. The total volume in set 2 is given by V2 = (3-V? 0-360 / 360) = 3V140 for the rotation of the arrow 4. In each set the rotation of the female screw elements 8 can be carried out. around the central axis. Alternatively, the element 8 can be stationary. A planetary movement of the male screw element 9 conjugated with the first can be realized with the help of the synchronization coupling link 10 or a third conjugate screw element (male) which is coaxial with the first. Returning now to the first game, three types of state of the first group of elements 5, 6 and 7 can be chosen: (a) The rotation (or state of immobility) of the first element 5 around the fixed central axis and rotation (or state) of immobility) of the third element (synchronizer) 7 about the fixed central axis; b) A revolution of the axis O6 of the second element 6 around the fixed central axis, and c) Rotation of the second element 6 with the help of the synchronization coupling link (male conjugate screw element 7), which is coaxial with the first. These three types of state can be synchronized (mechanically) each with the respective element of the second group of elements 15, 16 and 17 of the first set 1, compri: d) The rotation (or state of immobility) of the first element 15 about the fixed central axis and the rotation of the third element (synchronizer) 17 about the fixed central axis; e) A revolution of the axis O-? 6 of the second element 16 around the fixed central axis, and f) Rotation of the second element 16. The angular cycle T.sub.i of a pair of conjugated female-male elements is given by the equation: 2p T, = nm, f | (? F / ??) - (?? ¡) | where: cof,? m - angular velocities of the female and male elements around their own centers; ? - angular velocity of an independent element, for example an element that executes a revolution and a return angle from which it defines the value of Tj; nm, f - order of symmetry, nm, f for a hypotrocoid scheme with external envelope and nf is for an epitrocoid scheme with internal envelope. The differential movement (compri a planetary movement of the elements 6 and 16, and a rotation of the elements 15, 15, and 17, 17) in game 1, are defined by the following parameters: . { 5, 15r? Re (6, ??) / (ri5 (i5-ri7,? 7)? = (6 + 4) / (6-4) = S; (? ^ i6r? re < 6, i6)) / (? r0 (5, i5r? re (6, ís)) ^, is ne, is, and I'm (6, 16 -? S <6, ) (6/5) + 5 = 0.2. The total volume of work chambers 100, 300, which drive a rotation of arrow 4, is given by VTOOO) = 6V100360 / 90 = 24V? Oo and VT (3oo) = 6V3oo360 / 90 = 24V30o. The total volume of work chambers 200 and 400 during a rotation of arrow 4 is given by V? (20o) = 5V 0o360 / 75 = 24V2oo and VT (3OO) = 5V3OO360 / 75 = 24V3OO. Returning now to the third game 3, it is to be noted that the movement differential with the fixed elements 7 ', 17', the rotation of the elements 5, 15 'or 5', 15 'with an angular velocity given by the reducer 18 of the arrow 4 (independent movement), and the planetary movement of the elements 6 ', 16 '(dependent movement), are defined by the following parameters: ') n5', ís' / t, The total volume in the working chambers 100 'and 300' of the game during a rotation of the arrow 4, is given by: and Vt (3 ?? ') = 6V3oo, 2p / 3p = 4V3oo'- The total volume of the work chambers 200 'and 400' during a rotation of the arrow 4 is given by and Vt (4? o,) = 5 V4oot2p / 2.5p = 4 V 0o '• From the foregoing, it is evident that in the case of a differential movement of the elements, the angular cycle according to the invention can vary by changing the relative angular velocities of the movement of the screw elements forming the working chambers. The angular cycle can be 90 degrees in game 1, 360 degrees in game 2, 540 degrees in game 3. In other words, it can be decreased (thus compressing a working medium) and can be increased (thus expanding agreement with the invention a means of work). Then, the efficiency of the method according to the invention can be increased. The direction of axial movement of the working medium along the Z-axis in the chambers 100, 200, and 300, 400, is defined by the direction of revolution of the centers 06, O-iß, of the elements 6, 16, in the game 1. As mentioned above, to choose the same directions of movement of the working medium, the same direction is given to the revolution of the centers 06, 0 6. If you want to choose opposite directions of movement of the working medium in the chambers 100, 200, on the one hand, and 300, 400 on the other hand, the revolution of the centers O6, O? 6 must be counter-rotational. In the compression suction set 1, the compression is carried out with release of the working substance (emission) in mechanism 2. 1 Due to the choice of the different kinematic schemes 1 and 2, also the values of the angular periods of the axial movement of the working chambers are different, counted from a turn angle of the output link 4. The set 1 comprised of the groups of elements 5, 6, 7, and 15, 16 and 17 , it forms a preliminary suction and compression section in which continuous cyclic stepped air compression is performed. The group of elements 8 and 9 of set 2 ensures the final compression and the release of the working substance (emission). The suction working chambers 100, 200 in the differential mechanism 1 are formed by the external group of conjugated elements 5, 6, 7, which are arranged coaxially to the eccentricity in the internal cavities of each one. Preliminary compression is performed when air is pumped into the internal group of conjugated elements 15, 16, 17. The synchronization device 11 serves to drive the rotor elements 5, 7, and 15, 17, of the set 1, to rotate in different directions with equal angular velocities, that is, counter-rotationally. Simultaneously, the arrow 4 of the rotor 9 of the set 2 is driven to rotation. The final compression chambers 140 of the planetary mechanism 2 are formed by the elements 8 and 9, wherein the element 9 is hinged to rotate by virtue of the self-synchronization of the crank 10 of the arrow 4. The other element 8 is fixed. The interrelation of the rotating movements of elements 5, 7, and 15, 17, of game 1, and 9 of game 2, and the rotating movements of elements 5 'and 15' of game 3 (hinged to rotate in the body fixed 13) around the central axis Z, is ensured by a rigid mechanical connection of the elements 5 ', 15' with the arrow 4 in the set 3, by virtue of the synchronization device 14, which has a transmission ratio of 3, a hinged connection of the element 9 with the arrow 4 in the game 2, and a mechanical connection of the elements 5 and 15 (hinged to rotate in the fixed body 13) in 1 with the arrow 4, by virtue of the synchronization device 11, which is a rotary direction inverter that has a transmission ratio of -1. The element 8 (stator) in set 2, the element 7 ', 17' (stators in set 3) are mechanically and rigidly connected with the fixed body 13. A mechanical connection of the elements 5 ', 15' is made in the game 3 (hinged to rotate in the fixed body 13) with the arrow 4, by virtue of the synchronization device 14, which is a rotary motion reducer having a transmission ratio of 3. Together with the provision of the synchronization of rotation of the elements within the differential mechanisms 1 and 3, ensures a synchronization of a rotation between the groups of differential and planetary mechanisms 1 and 3, on the one hand, and 2 on the other hand. It is also possible to synchronize the rotations of the elements of the planetary mechanism and the differential by alternating the symmetry orders of the elements of all the groups in 1, 3 or 2. The choice of a number of transformation groups and the scheme of how they are combined planetary and differential kinematic mechanisms are determined by the required angular extent and a combination of the values of the periods of axial movement of the working chambers in the middle of these mechanisms. The operation of the engine shown in Figures 1a and 1b is as follows: A gaseous constituent of a working substance of a motor (for example air), is inserted in set 1 by an open left end surface of the elements 15, 16 and 17 (where the arrows are shown in figure 1a) of the first group. In addition, it is fed to an open left end surface of the elements 14, 16 and 17 of the second group by means of a channel (a free space). The above mentioned groups of the elements 5, 6, 7, and 15, 16, 17 Together with the elements 8, 9), form a rotary screw air compressor, 1, of the volumetric type. By means of a channel in the arrow 4, the compressed air is removed from the set 1 and supplied to an open left end surface of the elements 8 and 9 of the combustion set 2, particularly to the combustion chamber 140. The ratio of compression is 8 (V10o + V20o)? /? or. After filling the combustion chamber 140 with the six air volumes of the compressor 1 and its closure, the device 12 injects fuel into the chamber 140 and ignites it. In a constant pressure combustion cycle (such as a Diesel cycle), the chamber 140 can be formed during a period of a birrotative twisting of the elements 8 and 9, and the ignition of the fuel can be effected due to air compression. In a constant volume combustion cycle (as in an Otto cycle), the chamber 140 can be formed during two periods of a birrotative torsion of elements 8 and 9, and ignition of fuel can occur due to an ignitor spark plug. In addition, the on-air fuel mixture is then moved away from an open end surface of the elements 8 and 9, to be expanded in the expansion section 3 to an open lower end surface of the elements 15, 16, 17, and 5, 6, 7, of the game 3. The game 3 is a rotary expanded machine (detander) of volumetric type in which the process of expansion of a fuel mixture effects a work on the arrow 4 of the engine. If the fuel mixture is completed, it is discharged from an upper end of the set 3 (shown with the arrows). When the arrow 4 rotates, the conjugated elements 5, 6, 7, 15, 16 and 17 of set 1 limit and move the working medium of the suction section 1 (6 chambers between the elements 5, 6, and 15, 16, and 5 chambers between the elements 6, 7 , and 16, 17, along the Z axis), moving its conjugation contacts in the two independent degrees of freedom of counter-rotational movement of the elements 5, 7, 15, 17, in the set 1 defined by the unit 11. When the arrow 4 rotates, the conjugated elements 8 and 9 of set 2 limit and move the three work chambers 140 of the combustion section 2 along the Z axis, moving their conjugation contacts to an independent degree of freedom of movement rotary of the elements 9 of the game 2 defined by a crank of the arrow 4. When the arrow 4 rotates, the conjugated elements 5 ', 6', 7 ', 15', 16 ', 17' of game 3 limit and move the work chambers of the expansion and escape section 3 (6 cameras between the elements 5 ', 6', 15 ', 16', and 5 cameras between the elements 6 ', 7 ', 16', 17 'in each group) along the Z axis, moving their conjugation contacts in an independent degree of freedom of the rotational movement of the elements 6', 16 'of the game 3. A complete cycle of the movement of the working chambers between the elements 5 ', 6', 7 ', 15', 16 ', 17' during a revolution of the arrow 4 in set 1, occurs four times during a rotation of the arrow 4. In other words, [4 (V? oo '+ V2oo -)] / [4 (V3oo- + V4os)] * [4 (V3os + V400')] / 3V140 = [4 (V10o '+ V2oo] 3V140. rotors interconnected around the main axis Z of the machine and around its own axes, occur in sets 1 to 3 with three degrees of freedom of a mechanical rotation.In the motor of figures 1a and 1b, the rotors mechanically attached 5 , 15, and the co mechanically linked niprotors 7 and 17, rotate simultaneously around the Z axis in opposite directions with the same relative velocities co (5, 15) = -1 and? (7? ? 7) = 1. The relative angular velocity Δre of a line of centers Oß-0-O? 6 of the rotors 6 around the Z axis, with respect to the speed of the rotors 5, 7, is given by? Re = 5, where the relative angular velocity? S (6, i6) of the rotor-satellites 6, 16, around their axes 06, 0-? 6, is given by? S (6, 16) = 0.2. The compression ratio ki in set 1 is determined as the ratio of the sum of the products of the total volume of the six chambers between the elements 5, 6, and the total volume of the five chambers between the elements 6, 7, and the sum of the products of the total volume of the six chambers between the elements 15, 16, and the total volume of the five chambers between elements 16, 17, by a number of cycles of volume variation during one revolution of arrow 4, particularly: k1 = 24 (V1oo + V2oo) / [24 (V3oo + V4oo)] = (V? oo + V2 ? o) / 2 (V300 + V400). The compression ratio k2 in set 2 is given as the ratio of the sum of the products to a product, that is, the first product of the total volume of the six chambers between the elements 15 and 16 in set 1, and the second product of the total volume of the five chambers between elements 16 and 17 in set 1, and the product of the total volume of the three combustion chambers between elements 8 and 9 in set 2 during one revolution of arrow 4, particularly: k2 = 24 (V3oo + V4oo) / 3V140 = 8 (V3oo + V4oo) A / 14o. The degree of complete compression k of the motor is the product of the compression grades of sets 1 and 2, k = k1k2 = 8 (V10o + V2oo) A /? 40. It is possible to obtain any compression ratio in the chamber 140 for the purposes of the present invention, as required in different engines, by choosing the appropriate ratios of geometric volumes of the chambers in sets 1 and 2. Any compression mode is also possible , an adiabatic or polytropic compression mode. The embodiment of the chamber 140 of the two torsion periods birrotativa of the elements 8 and 9, allows combustion of the fuel / air mixture in axial gas transmission from one chamber to the other, at constant volume. Thus, the thermodynamic efficiency of the motor is increased. The work of the escape game 3 occurs with the fixed elements 7 ', 17'. All the conjugated elements 5 ', 6', 7 ', 15', 160, 17 'limit together the working chambers of the exhaust section of the machine, and move it along the Z axis by the movement of their conjugation contacts. The mechanism of game 3 is reversible. The degree of expansion of a working substance in set 3 is given by the geometric parameters of the conjugated elements and by the number of expansion steps. For the purposes of the present invention, it can be chosen in such a way as to provide for the complete expansion of a working substance, while at the same time lowering its pressure to atmospheric pressure. A) Yes, no acoustic noise is generated. In this case, the mechanical energy provided by the working substance is used completely to rotate the arrow 4. In some other cases, particularly when driving a vehicle with voltage drop characteristic, it is worth using only some part of the mechanical energy in set 3 and using the remaining part of the mechanical energy in an additional expansion machine, 33, of the volume type (detander, similar to dendr 3) illustrated with the dashed line in figures 1a and 1b. Its arrow 34 (also indicated by dashed line in Figures 1a and 1b) is not mechanically attached to arrow 4. The The mechanical energy of the rotation is taken from the output arrow 34 of the additional machine 33 according to a scheme of a two-arrow motor. In another alternative, it is possible to use a jet propulsion of combustion products from an outlet of section 3, according to a scheme of an air jet engine in which the compressor using the method according to the present invention is formed by sections 1 and 2, and wherein the deponent using the method according to the present invention is formed by section 3 of a volume-type rotary screw machine, where fuel combustions may occur in the chambers 140 of a set 2 at constant volume, thus increasing the propulsion of the motor. The combustion of fuel can also be effected in external combustion chambers (not shown) that are attached to the chambers 140. Furthermore, to use not only the mechanical energy of the working substance, but also to use (completely) the thermal energy, it is possible in a special heat exchanger (not shown in figure 1a and 1b), provide an exhaust of hot gases to heat air passing from set 1 to set 2 to a constant volume, thus increasing its pressure. Therefore, in the invention it is possible to completely use the thermal mechanical energy of a working substance of a motor and increase its efficiency, and simultaneously to provide work without noise to the pressure and temperature of the exhaust gases in the atmosphere.

The counter-rotation of the output arrows 4 and 5 in section 1 which is established by the inverter 11, allows the connection of the motor with counter-rotating organs such as air propellers or water blades, counter-rotating cutting members of mowing machines, saws, crushers, etc. A connection can also be made with a counterrotating turbine or main rotors from one aircraft to another, and so on. When the volume screw machine is used, this method makes it possible to transform a movement of conjugated elements in synchrony and simultaneously, during a process of the passage of a working substance through a differential kinematic mechanism in set 1.

Claims (7)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - A method of transforming energy in a rotary screw machine (figure 1a), comprising: a first set of conjugated elements males and females (5, 6, 7; 15, 16, 17), and at least one second set of male and female conjugated elements (8, 9, 5 ', 6', 7 ', 15', 16 ', 17'), spacing of said first set (1) along a central axis of said machine, wherein said female elements (5, 6, 15, 16, 8, 5 ', 6', 15 ', 16') of each set have an internal profiled surface (105, 106, 115, 116; 108; 105 ', 106 ', 115', 116 ') centered around a first longitudinal axis (Z), and wherein said male elements (6, 7, 16, 17; 9; 6', 7 ', 16', 17 ') of each set (1, 2, 3) have an outer profiled surface (206, 207, 216, 217; 209; 206 ', 207', 216 ', 217') centered around a second longitudinal axis; said first and second axis being parallel to each other, and said male elements being placed in a cavity of the corresponding female elements, wherein, by rotary movement of the male or female elements, work chambers that are formed between the female and male elements they perform an axial movement, and in which the rotational movements of the different games (1, 2, 3) are synchronized in such a way that a synchronous and in-phase movement of the elements is performed in the different games (1, 2, 3) , with different values of angular periods of oscillation of axial movement of said working chambers.

2. The method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the angular period decreases from one game to the next, thus having the working medium compressed.

3. The method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the angular period increases from one game to the next, thus having expanded the working medium.

4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that it uses a hollow arrow (4), and the working medium passes through it as a means to synchronize the rotational movements of the different games (1, 2). , 3).

5. The method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that a first set (1) forms a differential kinematic mechanism that has three degrees of freedom of mechanical rotation, of which two degrees of freedom are independent; and wherein a second set (2) forms a planetary kinematic mechanism having two degrees of freedom from mechanical rotation, of which one degree of freedom is independent.

6. The method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the thermal energy of the working medium is removed and supplied in a heat exchanger.

7. - The method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the mechanical energy produced in one of said sets is used to drive another device.