WO2005077730A1 - Rack and pinion steering - Google Patents

Rack and pinion steering Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005077730A1
WO2005077730A1 PCT/EP2005/001393 EP2005001393W WO2005077730A1 WO 2005077730 A1 WO2005077730 A1 WO 2005077730A1 EP 2005001393 W EP2005001393 W EP 2005001393W WO 2005077730 A1 WO2005077730 A1 WO 2005077730A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rack
balls
support body
section
ball
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/001393
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen OSTERLÄNGER
Alexander Zernickel
Manfred Kraus
Stefan Willared
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Kg filed Critical Schaeffler Kg
Publication of WO2005077730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005077730A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00—Steering gears
    • B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
    • B62D3/12—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type
    • B62D3/123—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type characterised by pressure yokes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/002—Elastic or yielding linear bearings or bearing supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0614—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a shoe type bearing body, e.g. a body facing one side of the guide rail or track only
    • F16C29/0616—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a shoe type bearing body, e.g. a body facing one side of the guide rail or track only for supporting load essentially in a single direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/12—Arrangements for adjusting play
    • F16C29/123—Arrangements for adjusting play using elastic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/26—Racks
    • F16H55/28—Special devices for taking up backlash
    • F16H55/283—Special devices for taking up backlash using pressure yokes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/26—Racks
    • F16H55/28—Special devices for taking up backlash
    • F16H55/283—Special devices for taking up backlash using pressure yokes
    • F16H55/285—Special devices for taking up backlash using pressure yokes with rollers or balls to reduce friction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to rack and pinion steering for motor vehicles.
  • the rack and pinion steering has a pinion, which can be connected to a steering tube.
  • the pinion meshes with the rack, so that the rack is moved in translation when the pinion is rotated.
  • the rack can act on the toe levers of the wheels to be steered.
  • a rack and pinion steering has become known, in which the rack is arranged in a housing, the rack being roller-mounted in the region of the pinion on its side facing away from the pinion by means of a recirculating ball guide.
  • the recirculating ball guide is sprung against the rack so that unwanted rattling noises of the rack in the housing are eliminated.
  • the recirculating ball guide is designed here as a pressure piece known per se, which is spring-loaded against the toothed rack.
  • the recirculating ball guide comprises a support body on which an endless ball channel is formed, in which balls are arranged.
  • the ball channel comprises a load section in which balls are arranged such that they can be rolled.
  • the ball channel further comprises a return section guiding the balls without load and two deflection sections which connect the load section and the return section endlessly to one another. In these deflection sections, the balls are deflected from the load section into the return section or vice versa.
  • the deflection channels can be drilled, for example, with a drill, the drill tip not completely penetrating the hole, but forming a deflection edge for the balls.
  • a half-shell raceway is provided, wherein guide pieces to be inserted laterally into the support body also have ball grooves for the balls.
  • the first alternative means machining the support body. Machining in large quantities can be machined to be disadvantageous.
  • the second alternative provides for several insert parts that have to be inserted laterally into the supporting body. It can be critical here that the guide pieces have an attachment piece for deflecting the balls in their upper region. Another extension may be required in the lower area. In order to avoid hooking in the balls, these guide pieces must be properly arranged in the support body. This means an increased effort in the manufacture of such rack and pinion steering.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rack and pinion steering system according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, in which these disadvantages are eliminated.
  • this object is achieved in that the support body is divided into two support body parts on a division plane, the division plane being arranged at least substantially parallel to the ball channel and within the endless ball channel. If the abutting sides of the support body parts are designed as flat surfaces, it is advisable to divide the ball channel into two halves, which are each arranged parallel to the flat surface of the support body part. The division plane is then arranged parallel to the ball channel and within the ball channel. Both support body parts can be provided on their mutually facing sides with an endless ball track, which together limit the endless ball track.
  • the respective ball track can be designed, for example, as a ball groove.
  • the ball grooves can be formed, for example, without cutting into a flat surface of the supporting body part, for example in an embossing process.
  • the supporting body parts can also be sintered from sintered material, or can be produced from steel in a machining process. It is conceivable, for example, to manufacture the plastic support body parts, in particular by injection molding. In this case, it can be appropriate to provide an insert part arranged along the load section in the support body, which is provided on its side facing the load section with a ball groove for the balls.
  • This insert part can be formed, for example, from a particularly hardened steel part, which can also be designed as a sheet metal strip, wherein the ball groove can also be formed without cutting in this sheet metal strip.
  • a pocket can be formed in each of the two support body parts, in which the insert part is mounted with its two long sides. Since the division plane is arranged parallel and within the endless ball channel, these pockets can also be produced, for example, in the injection molding process without undercuts in the injection mold.
  • the insert part is arranged such that it can be tilted about a tilt axis arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the load section.
  • This tilting mobility enables the insert part to be adapted, that is to say that its ball track is perfectly aligned with the ball track of the rack, in order to enable uniform loading of the balls in the load section.
  • This tilting mobility can be achieved, for example, in that the insert part is convexly curved on its side facing away from the load section. If this convex curvature is circular, the center of this circle lies on the tilt axis mentioned.
  • the endless ball channel can be formed by a ball track formed on each of the two supporting body parts, the return cut as well as the two circumferential cuts being advantageously made. Steering sections can be formed.
  • the supporting body can have a longitudinal slot on its side facing the rack, through which balls arranged in the load section extend with a part of its circumference, the parting plane of the supporting body being arranged parallel and within the longitudinal slot.
  • the load section of the endless ball channel is open so that the balls can roll smoothly on the ball track of the rack.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a rack and pinion steering system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to the invention from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a further longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of the rack and pinion steering according to the invention from FIG. 1 but without a rack
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a support body half of a support body of the rack and pinion steering system according to FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 6 shows a modified individual part of the rack and pinion steering according to FIG. 1.
  • the rack and pinion steering system according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 comprises a rack and pinion 1 which is arranged in a housing 1a, which is only indicated, and can be displaced along its longitudinal axis.
  • the rack 1 meshes with a pinion, not shown.
  • the rack 1 is roller-mounted on its side facing away from the 'Ritzer by means of a recirculating ball guide 2.
  • the recirculating ball guide comprises a support body 3, which is composed of two support body parts 4, 5.
  • the support body 3 is spring-loaded in the direction of the rack 1 by means of a spring 4a, which is only indicated schematically.
  • a sealing ring 18 is used, which can be formed for example from a rubber.
  • the sealing ring 18 rests on the housing 1a. Rattling noises of the support body 3 in the housing 1 a are excluded in this way, as is undesirable sound transmission from the support body 3 to the housing 1 a.
  • the support body 3 is provided with an endless ball channel 6, in which balls 7 circulate endlessly.
  • the ball channel 6 comprises a load section 8, in which the balls 7 roll on the one hand on a ball groove 9 of the supporting body 3 and on the other hand on a ball groove 10 of the rack 1.
  • the ball channel 6 further comprises a return section 11, in which the balls 7 are guided without load.
  • the ball channel 6 comprises two deflection sections 12 which connect the return section 11 and the load section 8 to one another endlessly.
  • the balls 7 are arranged endlessly in the ball channel 6.
  • the support body 3 is provided in the area of the load section 8 with a longitudinal slot 13 through which the balls 7 extend through part of their circumference, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 1, for example.
  • FIG. 1 also shows an insert part 14 carrying the ball groove 9, which is inserted into the support body 3.
  • the insert 14 is in the present case as a sheet metal strip made of hardened material.
  • the two support body parts 4, 5 are each provided with a pocket 15 in which the insert part 14 is mounted with its long sides.
  • the two support body parts 4, 5 are each made of plastic by injection molding.
  • FIG. 6 shows the insert part 14 formed from sheet metal, with the molded-in ball groove 9 on one side and, in addition, on the opposite side, a further molded-in ball groove 16, which is formed symmetrically to the ball groove 9.
  • sheet metal strips can easily be produced in a stamping process as a strip profile, 14 pieces being cut to length to form the insert parts.
  • the two support body parts 4, 5 are each provided with an endless ball track 17 on their mutually facing sides, the parting plane T of the two support body parts 4, 5 being arranged parallel and within the endless ball channel 6 (FIG. 1), which is delimited by both ball tracks 17 is.
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the support body part 5 with the ball track 17.
  • the ball track 17 is formed in the deflection section 12 and in the return section 11 as a ball groove.
  • the supporting body parts 4, 5 can be manufactured in the spraying process in a technically problem-free and economically very economical manner, a slide tool not being required.
  • FIG. 3 shows the rack and pinion steering according to the invention in a section along the line III - III, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the insert part 14 is convexly curved in the area of the pockets 15 on its side facing away from the rack 1, tilting movements of the insert part 14 being possible about a tilt axis which is arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rack 2.
  • the tilting movement of the insert part 14 enables compensatory movements of the insert part 14 in order to ensure a perfect rolling of the balls 7 both on the ball groove 10 of the rack 1 and on the ball groove 9 of the insert part 14.
  • Additional bearing plates (not shown here) can be provided in the pockets 15 in the contact area of the insert part 14 in order to achieve a more favorable load distribution in the load section 8.
  • the two support body parts 4, 5 are in the present case designed as identical components, so that in the case of manufacture in an injection mold, the outlay for producing the injection mold is reduced.
  • both the rack 1 and the support body 3 are provided with a ball groove 9, 10 to form the load section 8, a perfect transmission of torques which act around the longitudinal axis is possible.
  • torques can occur, for example, in electromechanical steering aids: a threaded spindle is formed in the extension of the rack, on which a driven spindle nut is rotatably arranged. When the spindle nut is turned, torques can act on the threaded spindle and thus on the rack.

Abstract

The invention relates to a rack and pinion steering comprising a steering rack (1) which can be displaced in a housing (1a) along its longitudinal axis, intermeshes with a pinion and is mounted on rolling bearings by means of a linear recirculating ball bearing and guideway assembly (2). Said linear recirculating ball bearing and guideway assembly (2) comprises a supporting body (3) on which an endless ball track (6) is configured in which balls (7) are arranged so as to recirculate in a continuous manner. Said ball track (6) has a load section (8) in which the balls (7) are disposed so as to roll off under load. The ball track (6) has a recirculation section (11) in which the balls (7) are guided in a load-free manner and two deflection sections (12) which interlink the load section (8) and the recirculation section (11) in a continuous manner. The balls (7) are deflected from the load section (8) to the recirculation section (11) or vice versa in said deflection section. The supporting body (3) is divided along a plane of division (T) into two supporting body elements (4, 5) and the plane of division (T) is at least substantially parallel to the ball track (6) and disposed inside the endless ball track (6).

Description

Zahnstangenlenkung Rack and pinion steering
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zahnstangenlenkung für Kraftfahrzeuge. Die Zahnstangenlenkung weist ein Ritzel auf, welches mit einem Lenkrohr ver- bunden sein kann. Das Ritzel kämmt mit der Zahnstange, so daß bei einer Drehbewegung des Ritzels die Zahnstange translatorisch bewegt wird. Die Zahnstange kann auf Spurhebel der zu lenkenden Räder einwirken.The present invention relates to rack and pinion steering for motor vehicles. The rack and pinion steering has a pinion, which can be connected to a steering tube. The pinion meshes with the rack, so that the rack is moved in translation when the pinion is rotated. The rack can act on the toe levers of the wheels to be steered.
Aus DE 32 44 531 A1 beispielsweise ist eine Zahnstangenlenkung bekannt geworden, bei der die Zahnstange in einem Gehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei die Zahnstange im Bereich des Ritzels an ihrer von dem Ritzel abgewandten Seite mittels einer Kugelumlaufführung wälzgelagert ist. Die Kugelumlaufführung ist gegen die Zahnstange angefedert, so dass unerwünschte Klappergeräusche der Zahnstange im Gehäuse eliminiert sind. Die Kugelumlaufführung ist hier als an sich bekanntes Druckstück ausgebildet, das gegen die Zahnstange angefedert ist. Die Kugelumlaufführung umfasst einen Tragkörper, an dem ein endloser Kugelkanal ausgebildet ist, in dem Kugeln angeordnet sind. Der Kugelkanal umfasst einen Lastabschnitt, in dem Kugeln abwälzbar angeordnet sind. In diesem Lastabschnitt wälzen die Kugeln einerseits an einer Kugelrille des Tragkörpers, und andererseits an einer Kugel rille der Zahnstange ab. Der Kugelkanal umfasst ferner einen die Kugeln lastfrei führenden Rücklaufabschnitt und zwei den Lastabschnitt und den Rücklaufabschnitt endlos miteinander verbindende Umlenkabschnitte. In diesen Umlenkabschnitten werden die Kugeln von dem Lastabschnitt in den Rücklaufabschnitt oder umgekehrt umgelenkt. Die Umlenkkanäle können beispielsweise mit einem Bohrer gebohrt werden, wobei die Bohrerspitze die Bohrung nicht vollständig durchdringt, sondern eine Umlenkkante für die Kugeln bildet. Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine halbschalige Laufbahn vorgesehen ist, wobei seitlich in den Tragkörper einzuschiebende Führungsstücke ebenfalls Kugelrillen für die Kugeln aufweisen. Die erste Alternative bedeutet eine spangebende Bearbeitung des Tragkörpers. Bei Fertigung in großen Stückzahlen kann eine spangebende Bearbeitung nachteilig sein. Die zweite Alternative sieht mehrere Einsatzteile vor, die seitlich in den Tragkörper eingeschoben werden müssen. Kritisch kann hier sein, dass die Führungstücke in ihrem oberen Bereich ein Ansatzstück zu Umlen- kung der Kugeln aufweisen. Ein weiteres Ansatzstück kann im unteren Bereich erforderlich- werden. Um ein Hakein der Kugeln zu vermeiden, müssen diese Führungsstücke einwandfrei in dem Tragkörper angeordnet sein. Dies bedeutet ein erhöhten Aufwand bei der Herstellung derartiger Zahnstangenlenkungen.From DE 32 44 531 A1, for example, a rack and pinion steering has become known, in which the rack is arranged in a housing, the rack being roller-mounted in the region of the pinion on its side facing away from the pinion by means of a recirculating ball guide. The recirculating ball guide is sprung against the rack so that unwanted rattling noises of the rack in the housing are eliminated. The recirculating ball guide is designed here as a pressure piece known per se, which is spring-loaded against the toothed rack. The recirculating ball guide comprises a support body on which an endless ball channel is formed, in which balls are arranged. The ball channel comprises a load section in which balls are arranged such that they can be rolled. In this load section, the balls roll on the one hand on a ball groove of the support body, and on the other hand on a ball groove of the rack. The ball channel further comprises a return section guiding the balls without load and two deflection sections which connect the load section and the return section endlessly to one another. In these deflection sections, the balls are deflected from the load section into the return section or vice versa. The deflection channels can be drilled, for example, with a drill, the drill tip not completely penetrating the hole, but forming a deflection edge for the balls. Alternatively, it can be provided that a half-shell raceway is provided, wherein guide pieces to be inserted laterally into the support body also have ball grooves for the balls. The first alternative means machining the support body. Machining in large quantities can be machined to be disadvantageous. The second alternative provides for several insert parts that have to be inserted laterally into the supporting body. It can be critical here that the guide pieces have an attachment piece for deflecting the balls in their upper region. Another extension may be required in the lower area. In order to avoid hooking in the balls, these guide pieces must be properly arranged in the support body. This means an increased effort in the manufacture of such rack and pinion steering.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Zahnstangenlenkung nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, bei der diese Nachteile behoben sind.The object of the present invention is to provide a rack and pinion steering system according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, in which these disadvantages are eliminated.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass der Tragkörper an einer Teilungsebene in zwei Tragkörperteile geteilt ist, wobei die Teilungsebe- ne zumindest im wesentlichen parallel zum Kugelkanal und innerhalb des endlosen Kugelkanals angeordnet ist. Wenn die aneinander anliegenden Seiten der Tragkörperteile als ebene Flächen ausgebildet sind, bietet es sich an, den Kugelkanal in zwei Hälften zu teilen, die jeweils parallel zu der ebenen Fläche des Tragkörperteils angeordnet sind. Die Teilungsebene ist dann parallel zum Kugelkanal und innerhalb des Kugelkanals angeordnet. Beide Tragkörperteile können an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten jeweils mit einer endlosen Kugelbahn versehen sein, die gemeinsam den endlosen Kugelbahn begrenzen. Die jeweilige Kugelbahn kann beispielsweise als Kugelrille ausgebildet sein. Die Kugelrillen können beispielsweise spanlos in eine ebene Fläche des Tragkörperteils eingeformt werden, beispielsweise in einem Prägevorgang. Es ist jedoch auch problemlos möglich, derartige Tragkörper im Spritzverfahren aus Kunststoff oder anderem spritzfähigen Material in Spritzwerkzeugen herzustellen, ohne das aufwendige mehrteilige Spritzwerkzeuge erforderlich wären. Hinterschneidungen entfallen, die beispielsweise Schieberwerkzeuge erforderlich machen könnten. Die Tragkörperteile können auch aus Sinterwerkstoff gesintert sein, oder aber aus Stahl in spangebender Bearbeitung hergestellt werden. Denkbar ist beispielsweise die Tragkörperteile aus Kunststoff insbesondere im Spritzverfahren herzustellen. In diesem Fall kann es sich anbieten, in den Tragkörper ein entlang des Lastabschnittes angeordnetes Einsatzteil vorzuse- hen, dass an seiner dem Lastabschnitt zugewandten Seite mit einer Kugelrille für die Kugeln versehen ist. Dieses Einsatzteil kann beispielsweise aus einem insbesondere gehärteten Stahlteil gebildet sein, das auch als Blechstreifen ausgeführt sein kann, wobei die Kugelrille in diesem Blechstreifen ebenfalls spanlos eingeformt sein kann. Zur einwandfreien Lagerung des Einsatzteils in den Tragkörper können in beiden Tragkörperteilen jeweils eine Tasche ausgebildet sein, in denen das Einsatzteil mit seinen beiden Längsseiten gelagert ist. Da die Teilungsebene parallel und innerhalb des endlosen Kugelkanals angeordnet ist, lassen sich auch diese Taschen beispielsweise im Spritzverfahren ohne Hinterschneidungen im Spritzwerkzeug herstellen.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the support body is divided into two support body parts on a division plane, the division plane being arranged at least substantially parallel to the ball channel and within the endless ball channel. If the abutting sides of the support body parts are designed as flat surfaces, it is advisable to divide the ball channel into two halves, which are each arranged parallel to the flat surface of the support body part. The division plane is then arranged parallel to the ball channel and within the ball channel. Both support body parts can be provided on their mutually facing sides with an endless ball track, which together limit the endless ball track. The respective ball track can be designed, for example, as a ball groove. The ball grooves can be formed, for example, without cutting into a flat surface of the supporting body part, for example in an embossing process. However, it is also possible without any problems to produce such support bodies in the injection molding process from plastic or other sprayable material in injection molding tools, without the need for complex multi-part injection molding tools. There are no undercuts that could make slide tools necessary, for example. The supporting body parts can also be sintered from sintered material, or can be produced from steel in a machining process. It is conceivable, for example, to manufacture the plastic support body parts, in particular by injection molding. In this case, it can be appropriate to provide an insert part arranged along the load section in the support body, which is provided on its side facing the load section with a ball groove for the balls. This insert part can be formed, for example, from a particularly hardened steel part, which can also be designed as a sheet metal strip, wherein the ball groove can also be formed without cutting in this sheet metal strip. For proper storage of the insert part in the support body, a pocket can be formed in each of the two support body parts, in which the insert part is mounted with its two long sides. Since the division plane is arranged parallel and within the endless ball channel, these pockets can also be produced, for example, in the injection molding process without undercuts in the injection mold.
Für eine einwandfreie gleichmäßige Belastung der Kugeln im Lastabschnitt sieht eine erfindungsgemäße Weiterbildung vor, dass das Einsatzteil um eine quer zur Längsachse des Lastabschnitts angeordnete Kippachse kippbeweglich angeordnet ist. Diese Kippbeweglichkeit ermöglicht ein Anpassen des Einsatzteils, also ein einwandfreies Ausrichten von dessen Kugelbahn an der Kugelbahn der Zahnstange um ein gleichmäßiges Belasten der Kugeln im Lastabschnitt zu ermöglichen.For a perfect uniform loading of the balls in the load section, a development according to the invention provides that the insert part is arranged such that it can be tilted about a tilt axis arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the load section. This tilting mobility enables the insert part to be adapted, that is to say that its ball track is perfectly aligned with the ball track of the rack, in order to enable uniform loading of the balls in the load section.
Diese Kippbeweglichkeit kann beispielsweise dadurch erzielt werden, dass das Einsatzteil an seiner von dem Lastabschnitt abgewandten Seite konvex gewölbt ist. Wenn diese konvexe Wölbung kreisbogenförmig ist, liegt der Mittelpunkt dieses Kreises auf der erwähnten Kippachse.This tilting mobility can be achieved, for example, in that the insert part is convexly curved on its side facing away from the load section. If this convex curvature is circular, the center of this circle lies on the tilt axis mentioned.
Weiter oben wurde bereits erwähnt, dass der endlose Kugelkanal durch jeweils eine an beiden Tragkörperteilen ausgebildete Kugelbahn gebildet sein kann, wobei auf günstige Weise sowohl der Rücklaufschnitt als auch die beiden Um- lenkabschnitte gebildet sein können.It has already been mentioned above that the endless ball channel can be formed by a ball track formed on each of the two supporting body parts, the return cut as well as the two circumferential cuts being advantageously made. Steering sections can be formed.
Der Tragkörper kann an seiner der Zahnstange zugewandten Seite einen Längsschlitz aufweisen, durch den im Lastabschnitt angeordnete Kugeln mit einerrvTeil ihres Umfangs durchgreifen, wobei die Teilungsebene des Tragkörpers parallel und innerhalb des Längsschlitzes angeordnet ist. In anderen Worten ausgedrückt ist der Lastabschnitt des endlosen Kugelkanals geöffnet, damit die Kugeln einwandfrei an der Kugelbahn der Zahnstange abwälzen können.The supporting body can have a longitudinal slot on its side facing the rack, through which balls arranged in the load section extend with a part of its circumference, the parting plane of the supporting body being arranged parallel and within the longitudinal slot. In other words, the load section of the endless ball channel is open so that the balls can roll smoothly on the ball track of the rack.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines in insgesamt 5 Figuren abgebildeten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in a total of 5 figures. Show it:
Figur 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Zahnstangenlenkung,FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a rack and pinion steering system according to the invention,
Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Zahnstangenlenkung aus Figur 1 ,FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to the invention from FIG. 1,
Figur 3 einen weiteren Längsschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Zahn- Stangenlenkung,FIG. 3 shows a further longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to the invention,
Figur 4 eine Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Zahnstangenlenkung aus Figur 1 jedoch ohne Zahnstange,FIG. 4 shows a top view of the rack and pinion steering according to the invention from FIG. 1 but without a rack,
Figur 5 in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Tragkörperhälfte eines Tragkörpers der erfindungsgemäßen Zahnstangenlenkung gemäß Figur 1 und5 shows a perspective view of a support body half of a support body of the rack and pinion steering system according to FIG. 1 and
Figur 6 ein modifiziertes Einzelteil der Zahnstangenlenkung gemäß Figur 1. Die in den Figuren 1 bis 5 abgebildete erfindungsgemäße Zahnstangenlenkung umfasst eine Zahnstange 1, die in einem lediglich angedeuteten Gehäuse 1a entlang ihrer Längsachse verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Die Zahnstange 1 kämmt mit einem nicht abgebildeten Ritzel. Im Bereich des Ritzels ist die Zahnstange 1 an ihrer von dem 'Ritzer abgewandten Seite mittels einer Kugelumlaufführung 2 wälzgelagert. Die Kugelumlaufführung umfasst einen Tragkörper 3, der aus zwei Tragkörperteilen 4, 5 zusammengesetzt ist. Der Tragkörper 3 ist mittels einer lediglich schematisch angedeuteten Feder 4a in Richtung auf die Zahnstange 1 angefedert.6 shows a modified individual part of the rack and pinion steering according to FIG. 1. The rack and pinion steering system according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 comprises a rack and pinion 1 which is arranged in a housing 1a, which is only indicated, and can be displaced along its longitudinal axis. The rack 1 meshes with a pinion, not shown. In the area of the pinion, the rack 1 is roller-mounted on its side facing away from the 'Ritzer by means of a recirculating ball guide 2. The recirculating ball guide comprises a support body 3, which is composed of two support body parts 4, 5. The support body 3 is spring-loaded in the direction of the rack 1 by means of a spring 4a, which is only indicated schematically.
In einer Nut des zylindrischen Tragkörpers 3 ist ein Dichtring 18 eingesetzt, der beispielsweise aus einem Gummi gebildet sein kann. Der Dichtring 18 liegt am Gehäuse 1a an. Klappergeräusche des Tragkörpers 3 in dem Gehäuse 1a sind auf diese Weise ausgeschlossen, ebenso eine unerwünschte Schallübertra- gung von Tragkörper 3 auf das Gehäuse 1 a.In a groove of the cylindrical support body 3, a sealing ring 18 is used, which can be formed for example from a rubber. The sealing ring 18 rests on the housing 1a. Rattling noises of the support body 3 in the housing 1 a are excluded in this way, as is undesirable sound transmission from the support body 3 to the housing 1 a.
Der Tragkörper 3 ist mit einem endlosen Kugelkanal 6 versehen, in dem Kugeln 7 endlos umlaufen. Der Kugelkanal 6 umfaßt einen Lastabschnitt 8, in dem die Kugeln 7 einerseits an einer Kugelrille 9 des Tragkörpers 3 und an- derseits an einer Kugel rille 10 der Zahnstange 1 abwälzen. Ferner umfasst der Kugelkanal 6 einen Rücklaufabschnitt 11, in dem die Kugeln 7 lastfrei geführt sind. Ferner umfasst der Kugelkanal 6 zwei Umlenkabschnitte 12, die den Rücklaufabschnitt 11 und den Lastabschnitt 8 endlos miteinander verbinden. Die Kugeln 7 sind endlos umlauffähig im Kugelkanal 6 angeordnet.The support body 3 is provided with an endless ball channel 6, in which balls 7 circulate endlessly. The ball channel 6 comprises a load section 8, in which the balls 7 roll on the one hand on a ball groove 9 of the supporting body 3 and on the other hand on a ball groove 10 of the rack 1. The ball channel 6 further comprises a return section 11, in which the balls 7 are guided without load. Furthermore, the ball channel 6 comprises two deflection sections 12 which connect the return section 11 and the load section 8 to one another endlessly. The balls 7 are arranged endlessly in the ball channel 6.
Der Tragkörper 3 ist im Bereich des Lastabschnittes 8 mit einem Längsschlitz 13 versehen, durch den die Kugeln 7 mit einem Teil ihres Umfangs durchgreifen, wie dies beispielsweise in der Figur 1 deutlich zu entnehmen ist.The support body 3 is provided in the area of the load section 8 with a longitudinal slot 13 through which the balls 7 extend through part of their circumference, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 1, for example.
Figur 1 zeigt ferner ein die Kugelrille 9 tragendes Einsatzteil 14, dass in den Tragkörper 3 eingesetzt ist. Das Einsatzteil 14 ist vorliegend als Blechstreifen aus gehärtetem Material gebildet. Die beiden Tragkörperteile 4, 5 sind mit je einer Tasche 15 versehen, in denen das Einsatzteil 14 mit seinen Längsseiten gelagert ist. Die beiden Tragkörperteile 4, 5 sind jeweils aus Kunststoff im Spritzverfahren hergestellt.FIG. 1 also shows an insert part 14 carrying the ball groove 9, which is inserted into the support body 3. The insert 14 is in the present case as a sheet metal strip made of hardened material. The two support body parts 4, 5 are each provided with a pocket 15 in which the insert part 14 is mounted with its long sides. The two support body parts 4, 5 are each made of plastic by injection molding.
Figur 6 zeigt das aus Blech gebildete Einsatzteil 14, mit der eingeformten Kugelrille 9 auf der einen Seite und zusätzlich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite eine weitere eingeformte Kugelrille 16, die symmetrisch zur Kugelrille 9 ausgebildet ist. Derartige Blechstreifen lassen sich problemlos in einem Prägeverfah- ren als Bandprofil herstellen, wobei zur Bildung der Einsatzteile 14 Stücke davon abgelängt werden.FIG. 6 shows the insert part 14 formed from sheet metal, with the molded-in ball groove 9 on one side and, in addition, on the opposite side, a further molded-in ball groove 16, which is formed symmetrically to the ball groove 9. Such sheet metal strips can easily be produced in a stamping process as a strip profile, 14 pieces being cut to length to form the insert parts.
Die beiden Tragkörperteile 4, 5 sind an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten jeweils mit einer endlosen Kugelbahn 17 versehen, wobei die Teilungsebene T der beiden Tragkörperteile 4, 5 parallel und innerhalb des endlosen Kugelkanals 6 angeordnet ist (Figur 1), der von beiden Kugelbahnen 17 begrenzt ist. Figur 5 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung das Tragkörperteil 5 mit der Kugelbahn 17. Die Kugelbahn 17 ist im Umlenkabschnitt 12 und in dem Rücklaufabschnitt 11 als Kugelrille ausgebildet. Die Tragkörperteile 4, 5 können vorlie- gend technisch problemlos und wirtschaftlich sehr günstig im Spritzverfahren hergestellt werden, wobei ein Schieberwerkzeug nicht erforderlich ist.The two support body parts 4, 5 are each provided with an endless ball track 17 on their mutually facing sides, the parting plane T of the two support body parts 4, 5 being arranged parallel and within the endless ball channel 6 (FIG. 1), which is delimited by both ball tracks 17 is. Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the support body part 5 with the ball track 17. The ball track 17 is formed in the deflection section 12 and in the return section 11 as a ball groove. The supporting body parts 4, 5 can be manufactured in the spraying process in a technically problem-free and economically very economical manner, a slide tool not being required.
Figur 3 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zahnstangenlenkung in einem Schnitt entlang der Linie III - III, wie sie in Figur 4 eingezeichnet ist. Aus Figur 3 ist er- sichtlich, dass das Einsatzteil 14 im Bereich der Taschen 15 an seiner von der Zahnstange 1 abgewandten Seite konvex gewölbt ist, wobei Kippbewegungen des Einsatzteils 14 um eine Kippachse möglich sind, die quer zur Längsachse der Zahnstange 2 angeordnet ist. Die Kippbeweglichkeit des Einsatzteils 14 ermöglicht Ausgleichbewegungen des Einsatzteils 14 um ein einwandfreies Abwälzen der Kugeln 7 sowohl an der Kugelrille 10 der Zahnstange 1 als auch an der Kugelrille 9 des Einsatzteils 14 zu gewährleisten. Sofern erforderlich, können zusätzliche - hier nicht abgebildete - Lagerplatten im Aufstandsbereich des Einsatzteils 14 in den Taschen 15 vorgesehen sein, um einen günstigere Lastverteilung im Lastabschnitt 8 zu erzielen.Figure 3 shows the rack and pinion steering according to the invention in a section along the line III - III, as shown in Figure 4. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the insert part 14 is convexly curved in the area of the pockets 15 on its side facing away from the rack 1, tilting movements of the insert part 14 being possible about a tilt axis which is arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rack 2. The tilting movement of the insert part 14 enables compensatory movements of the insert part 14 in order to ensure a perfect rolling of the balls 7 both on the ball groove 10 of the rack 1 and on the ball groove 9 of the insert part 14. If necessary, Additional bearing plates (not shown here) can be provided in the pockets 15 in the contact area of the insert part 14 in order to achieve a more favorable load distribution in the load section 8.
Die beiden Tragkörperteile 4, 5 sind vorliegend als gleiche Bauteile ausgeführt, so daß im Fall des Herstellens in einer Spritzform der Aufwand zur Erstellung des Spritzwerkzeuges reduziert ist.The two support body parts 4, 5 are in the present case designed as identical components, so that in the case of manufacture in an injection mold, the outlay for producing the injection mold is reduced.
Wenn - wie vorliegend ausgeführt - sowohl die Zahnstange 1 als auch der Tragkörper 3 zur Bildung des Lastabschnittes 8 mit jeweils einer Kugelrille 9, 10 versehen sind, ist eine einwandfreie Übertragung von Drehmomenten möglich, die um die Längsachse herum wirken. Diese Drehmomente können beispielsweise bei elektromechanischen Lenkhilfen auftreten: in Verlängerung der Zahnstange ist eine Gewindespindel ausgebildet, auf der eine angetriebene Spindelmutter drehbar angeordnet ist. Unter der Drehung der Spindelmutter können Drehmomente auf die Gewindespindel und somit auf die Zahnstange einwirken. If - as explained in the present case - both the rack 1 and the support body 3 are provided with a ball groove 9, 10 to form the load section 8, a perfect transmission of torques which act around the longitudinal axis is possible. These torques can occur, for example, in electromechanical steering aids: a threaded spindle is formed in the extension of the rack, on which a driven spindle nut is rotatably arranged. When the spindle nut is turned, torques can act on the threaded spindle and thus on the rack.
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
Zahnstangea Gehäuse Kugelumlaufführung Tragkörper Tragkörperteila Feder Tragkörperteil Kugelkanal Kugel Lastabschnitt Kugelrille0 Kugelrille1 Rücklaufabschnitt Umlenkabschnitt3 Längsschlitz Einsatzteil5 Tasche Kugelrille Kugelbahn DichtringGear rack Ball recirculation guide Support body Support body parta Spring Support body part Ball channel Ball Load section Ball groove0 Ball groove1 Return section Deflection section3 Longitudinal slot insert5 Pocket Ball groove Ball track sealing ring
Teilungsebene parting plane

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Zahnstangenlenkung, mit einer in einem Gehäuse (1a) entlang ihrer Längsachse verschiebbaren und mit einem Ritzel kämmenden Zahnstange (1), die mittels einer Kugelumlaufführung (2) wälzgelagert ist, welche Kugelumlaufführung (2) einen Tragkörper (3) aufweist, an dem ein endloser Kugelkanal (6) ausgebildet ist, in dem Kugeln (7) endlos umlauffähig angeordnet sind, wobei der Kugelkanal (6) einen Lastabschnitt (8) aufweist, in dem die Kugeln (7) unter Last abwälzbar angeordnet sind, und wobei der Kugelka- nal (6) ferner einen die Kugeln (7) lastfrei führenden Rücklaufabschnitt (11) und zwei den Lastabschnitt (8) und den Rücklaufabschnitt (11) endlos miteinander verbindende Umlenkabschnitte (12) aufweist, in denen die Kugeln (7) von dem Lastabschnitt (8) in den Rücklaufabschnitt (11) oder umgekehrt umgelenkt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tragkörper (3) an einer Teilungsebene (T) in zwei Tragkörperteile (4, 5) geteilt ist, wobei die Teilungsebene (T) zumindest im wesentlichen parallel zum Kugelkanal (6) und innerhalb des endlosen Kugelkanals (6) angeordnet ist.1. Rack and pinion steering, with a rack (1) which is displaceable along its longitudinal axis in a housing (1a) and meshes with a pinion and which is roller-mounted by means of a recirculating ball guide (2), which recirculating ball guide (2) has a supporting body (3) on which An endless ball channel (6) is formed in which balls (7) are arranged so that they can circulate endlessly, the ball channel (6) having a load section (8) in which the balls (7) are arranged such that they can be rolled under load, and wherein the ball channel - nal (6) furthermore has a return section (11) which carries the balls (7) without load and two deflecting sections (12) which connect the load section (8) and the return section (11) endlessly, in which the balls (7) from the load section (8) are deflected into the return section (11) or vice versa, characterized in that the support body (3) is divided into two support body parts (4, 5) at a division plane (T), the division plane (T) at least in is arranged substantially parallel to the ball channel (6) and within the endless ball channel (6).
2. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 1, bei der im Tragkörper (3) ein ent- lang des Lastabschnittes (8) angeordnetes Einsatzteil (14) an seiner dem Lastabschnitt (8) zugewandten Seite mit einer Kugelrille (9) für die Kugeln (7) versehen ist.2. Rack and pinion steering according to claim 1, in which an insert part (14) arranged along the load section (8) is provided in the support body (3) on its side facing the load section (8) with a ball groove (9) for the balls (7) is.
3. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die beiden Tragkörperteile (4, 5) aus Kunststoff insbesondere im Spritzverfahren hergestellt sind.3. Rack and pinion steering according to claim 1, wherein the two support body parts (4, 5) are made of plastic, in particular by spraying.
4. Zahnstangenelenkung nach Anspruch 2, bei der das Einsatzteil vorzugsweise als Blechstreifen ausgeführt ist, wobei in beiden Tragkörperteilen (4, 5) jeweils eine Tasche (15) ausgebildet ist, in denen das Einsatzteil (14) mit seinen beiden Längsseiten gelagert ist. 4. Rack and pinion steering according to claim 2, wherein the insert part is preferably designed as a sheet metal strip, wherein in both support body parts (4, 5) a pocket (15) is formed, in which the insert part (14) is mounted with its two long sides.
5. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 2, bei der das Einsatzteil (14) um eine quer zur Längsachse des Lastabschnitts (8) angeordnete Kippachse kippbeweglich angeordnet ist.5. Rack and pinion steering according to claim 2, wherein the insert part (14) is arranged to be tiltable about a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the load section (8) tilt axis.
' 6, *Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 5, bei der das Einsatzteil (14) an seiner von dem Lastabschnitt (8) abgewandten Seite konvex gewölbt ist.'6, * rack and pinion steering according to claim 5, wherein the insert (14) on its side facing away from the load section (8) is convex.
7. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der an beiden Tragkörperteilen (4, 5) an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten jeweils eine Kugelbahn (17) vorgesehen ist, die den Rücklaufabschnitt (11) und die beiden Umlenkabschnitte (12) des Kugelkanals (6) begrenzt.7. Rack and pinion steering according to claim 1, in which on both support body parts (4, 5) on their mutually facing sides a ball track (17) is provided, which limits the return section (11) and the two deflection sections (12) of the ball channel (6) ,
8. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der der Tragkörper (3) an seiner der Zahnstange (1) zugewandten Seite einen Längsschlitz (13) aufweist, durch den im Lastabschnitt (8) angeordnete Kugeln (7) mit einem Teil ihres Umfangs durchgreifen, wobei die Teilungsebene (T) des Tragkörpers (3) parallel und innerhalb des Längsschlitzes (13) angeordnet ist. 8. rack and pinion steering according to claim 1, wherein the support body (3) on its side facing the rack (1) has a longitudinal slot (13) through which in the load section (8) arranged balls (7) pass through with part of their circumference, wherein the parting plane (T) of the supporting body (3) is arranged parallel and within the longitudinal slot (13).
PCT/EP2005/001393 2004-02-18 2005-02-11 Rack and pinion steering WO2005077730A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009002741A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh rack

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1370917A (en) * 1971-08-10 1974-10-16 Teleflex Ltd Rack-and-pinion drives
US4271716A (en) * 1978-05-30 1981-06-09 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Loading mechanism for rack and pinion steering
DE3244531A1 (en) 1982-12-02 1984-06-07 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag, 7990 Friedrichshafen RACK STEERING
US6364778B1 (en) * 2000-05-25 2002-04-02 Spicer Driveshaft, Inc. Axially adjustable steering shaft assembly with ball spline
US20020084136A1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-04 Fowlkes Edward Taylor Power steering system with roller yoke

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2935150A (en) * 1955-08-05 1960-05-03 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Hydraulic power steering device
US4531603A (en) * 1984-01-09 1985-07-30 General Motors Corporation Rack and pinion steering gear with adjustable low friction anti-roll rack bearing
DE10118642A1 (en) * 2001-04-14 2002-10-17 Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh Rack-and-pinion steering has toothed rack guided in one or more points by linear roller bearing

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1370917A (en) * 1971-08-10 1974-10-16 Teleflex Ltd Rack-and-pinion drives
US4271716A (en) * 1978-05-30 1981-06-09 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Loading mechanism for rack and pinion steering
DE3244531A1 (en) 1982-12-02 1984-06-07 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag, 7990 Friedrichshafen RACK STEERING
US6364778B1 (en) * 2000-05-25 2002-04-02 Spicer Driveshaft, Inc. Axially adjustable steering shaft assembly with ball spline
US20020084136A1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-04 Fowlkes Edward Taylor Power steering system with roller yoke

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