WO2005073833A1 - Programmable torque transmitter with spring element - Google Patents

Programmable torque transmitter with spring element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005073833A1
WO2005073833A1 PCT/EP2005/000757 EP2005000757W WO2005073833A1 WO 2005073833 A1 WO2005073833 A1 WO 2005073833A1 EP 2005000757 W EP2005000757 W EP 2005000757W WO 2005073833 A1 WO2005073833 A1 WO 2005073833A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotation
rotary knob
rotary
braking
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/000757
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Anton Rüttiger
Original Assignee
Preh Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Preh Gmbh filed Critical Preh Gmbh
Priority to JP2006550091A priority Critical patent/JP2007538301A/en
Publication of WO2005073833A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005073833A1/en
Priority to US11/495,660 priority patent/US20060280575A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0362—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 1D translations or rotations of an operating part of the device, e.g. scroll wheels, sliders, knobs, rollers or belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/10—Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/25—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using haptic output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G1/00—Controlling members, e.g. knobs or handles; Assemblies or arrangements thereof; Indicating position of controlling members
    • G05G1/08—Controlling members for hand actuation by rotary movement, e.g. hand wheels
    • G05G1/10—Details, e.g. of discs, knobs, wheels or handles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G5/00—Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member
    • G05G5/03—Means for enhancing the operator's awareness of arrival of the controlling member at a command or datum position; Providing feel, e.g. means for creating a counterforce
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/126—Rotatable input devices for instruments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H2003/008—Mechanisms for operating contacts with a haptic or a tactile feedback controlled by electrical means, e.g. a motor or magnetofriction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an operating element for a motor vehicle with a housing and a rotary knob and an axis of rotation arranged on the rotary knob and a brake element acting on the axis of rotation, by means of which a variable torque can be transmitted to the rotary knob.
  • Turntables with variable haptics are increasingly being used in control elements of motor vehicles.
  • One way of adjusting and influencing the feel of a turntable is that the turntable is braked by means of a magnetic field and a coil. This arrangement enables different braking torques to be generated on the turntable as a function of the current, and thus the variable locking or stop positions or haptic characteristics desired when turning.
  • Such a rotary actuator is known from the US Pat. No. 6,373,465 B2.
  • a circular disk which is arranged between two magnetic field guides.
  • These magnetic field guides are in turn arranged as circular disks above and below the circular disk of the rotary knob.
  • a magnetic field can be generated by means of a coil, which is arranged at the outer end of the circular disk of the rotary knob, so that a braking torque can be applied to the circular disk of the rotary button.
  • DE 100 29 191 A1 also discloses an operating element with a rotary knob in which the gap between the rotary knob and the magnetic circuit is filled with a magnetorheological fluid. Using a coil and the magnetorheological fluid can also have a variable braking effect on the rotary knob.
  • Magnetorheological fluids are substances whose viscosity changes due to the application of a magnetic field. These consist, for example, of a carrier material in the form of water or oils and mixed iron shavings or ferrites. The application of a magnetic field leads to an alignment of the magnetizable particles along the field lines. This results in a significantly changed viscosity of the substance. In a sufficiently large magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid behaves approximately like a solid material.
  • An MRF rotary actuator consists of a movable rotor, which is located in a housing, a narrow gap between the housing and the rotor being filled with the magnetorheological fluid.
  • the rotor In order to be able to generate a magnetic field of sufficient strength in the gap between the rotor and the housing, the rotor is surrounded by a coil and a soft magnetic field guide.
  • a problem with such rotary actuators is the adherence of the rotary actuator if the rotary actuator is not moved when the magnetic field is applied. This sticking, which is also called the sticking effect and is similar to static friction, falsifies the feel of the set characteristic with each stop.
  • the object of the invention is to prevent typical sticking on the latching flanks of the individual latches of the turntable in known turntables with variable force / displacement characteristics caused by the brake elements.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved in that an element which achieves a spring action is introduced between the rotary knob and the braking element, so that a relative movement between the rotary knob and the braking element can be achieved.
  • a spring element between the brake element and the rotary knob, it is now possible to remove the adhesive from the haptic and to eliminate it for the operator, so that the operator of the rotary actuator can no longer feel any adhesive.
  • Another advantage according to the invention is that the detection of the backward movement from the stop is now possible on the basis of the spring travel, that is to say the reactive movement between the decoder and the stationary but activated braking element. When the reverse movement is detected, the braking element is switched off with a small relative movement, that is to say less effort that is hardly noticeable. When driving over several rest positions, the dynamic behavior of the encoder is positively supported by the spring element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a rotary actuator provided with a magnetorheological braking element
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a rotary actuator provided with a magnetorheological and an electromagnetic brake element with a torsion spring element and
  • FIG 3 shows a section through a rotary actuator provided with a magnetorheological and an electromagnetic brake element with a torsion spring element and two separate coding systems.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mechanical structure of a turntable 1 without torsion suspension.
  • the rotary actuator 1 consists roughly of a rotary knob 2, an extension 3, the axis of rotation 3, a circular disc 4 arranged on the extension 3 and a housing 5 encompassing the circular disc 4.
  • the housing 5 is partly made of soft iron Magnetic field guides 6 formed.
  • the coil 7 is arranged in a ring around the circular disk 4.
  • a magnetorheological fluid 8 (MRF) is located between the circular disk 4 and the housing 5.
  • the radial surfaces 9 at the ends of the circular disk 4, together with the magnetic field guides 6, form the friction surfaces 9 for transmitting a friction torque, the term friction torque being a synonym is used for static friction, braking torque, holding torque or comparable terms. What is meant by this is that a braking force can be transferred to the circular 4 by means of the magnetorheological effect.
  • a device 10 for detecting the rotary movement is additionally arranged on the extension 3 of the rotary knob 2.
  • the device 10 consists of a disc 11 arranged on the extension 3, which can be provided with a bar code, for example in the form of a known incremental displacement measuring system (encoder disc), and can be evaluated, for example, by means of a light barrier 12, with of course also several light barriers or a double light barrier system can be used.
  • the direction of rotation can only be recognized when the rotary knob has been rotated. This is noticeable, inter alia, in the stop, that is to say in the position in which the rotary knob 2 assumes its minimum or maximum position.
  • a high torque in the form of a braking torque must be applied in order to stop turning the rotary knob 2 and to indicate the end position to the operator.
  • this torque is still present when turning back.
  • the torque can only be reduced after a position change has been detected on the turntable. A lowering of the stop torque after a defined period of time would result in the rotary knob 2 suddenly jumping a little further when turning into the stop after each period of time.
  • a relative movement between the rotary knob 2 and the braking element can be realized according to the invention.
  • This spring element 13 can result in a relative movement between the rotary knob 2 and the braking element, in this case the circular disk 4. If, for example, the rotary knob 2 is at a stop point, the circular disk 4 is activated by means of the magnetorheological braking elements 4, 5, 6, 7,8 locked in this position so that the operator of the turntable 1 can feel the end stop. If the operator now turns the rotary knob 2 out of this rest position, the rotary knob 2 is rotated together with the encoder disk 11.
  • torsion spring elements 13 with different spring characteristics can be used. It is particularly conceivable to design the spring elements 13 from a spring in the form of a torsion spring or a torsion bar or in the form of a bending wire. In addition, there is the possibility of producing the spring element 13 from a permanently elastic plastic, such as rubber.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further construction according to the invention of an operating element 14 in the form of a rotary actuator 14.
  • 2 shows a cross section through the rotary actuator 14 in a side view. The components are essentially rotationally symmetrical.
  • a center line 16 is drawn through an axis of rotation 15 which divides the rotary actuator 14 into two halves 17, 18.
  • the two halves 17, 18 each contain a different brake element 19, 20.
  • the first half 17 is provided with an electromagnetic brake element 19.
  • a magnetorheological braking element 20 is shown on the second half 18.
  • This example illustrates that any braking elements 19, 20 can be used, wherein pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical or mixed forms of braking elements can also be used here.
  • the selection of the Brake elements are arbitrary and can be selected depending on the feel to be generated and the structure of the rotary actuator 14.
  • the rotary actuator 14 consists of a rotary knob 21, the axis of rotation 15, an encoder disk 22, which cooperates with a light barrier 23.
  • a spring element 24 is integrated into the axis of rotation 15 below the encoder disk 22. Even if the axis of rotation 15 extends through the spring element 24 in this basic diagram, the upper part of the axis of rotation 25 can be rotated against the lower part 26 of the axis of rotation 15.
  • a radially outwardly extending extension element 27 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the lower part 26 of the axis of rotation 15.
  • a magnetizable element 28, 29 is arranged on each side 17, 18 of the extension element 27.
  • these magnetic or magnetizable elements 28, 29 would be designed as circular rings, for example. The elements 28, 29 would then move as rotors 28, 29 in the magnetic fields of the electromagnetic braking element 19 or the magnetorheological braking element 20.
  • the rotor 28, 29 can be easily rotated against the housing. In this case, there would be no torque on the rotary knob 21.
  • a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field guides 30, 31 and the coil 32
  • increased friction between the rotor 28, 29 and the housing or magnetic field guides 30, 31 is achieved and the operator can feel it at the rotary knob 21 as torque or rest.
  • any torque curve can be represented. It is thus possible, for example, to emulate the course when using a normal mechanical detent, that is to say via a detent disk and springs. Different locking forms and torques can be represented by controlling the field strength of the magnetic field.
  • the controller works together with the measured values of the coding system (encoder disk 22, light barrier 23) and the magnetic field controller or these elements are linked in a common controller. For example, combinations of fine grass ten and reach main catches, but also represent end stops, the friction becoming so high that rotation of the rotor 28, 29 and consequently of the rotary knob 21 is completely prevented.
  • the latching curves can only be generated by electronic control, the rotary actuator 14 is freely programmable and a wide variety of characteristic curves can be specified via the control.
  • the rotary control 1, 14 is not limited to an optical coding system. Rather, it is conceivable to implement alternative position measuring systems on the electronic or magnetic basis in the turntable 1, 14.
  • the use of a coding disk 22 with a varying slot width is conceivable.
  • the coding disk 22 is arranged between an infrared-illuminating LED with an upstream diffuser and an infrared detector with an upstream collecting lens. This creates the possibility of converting the rotary movement of the rotary knob 2, 21 into an analog signal, which in turn can be evaluated digitally by means of a processor. By converting the analog signal into a digital signal, a much higher resolution than in conventional systems consisting of the coding disk 11, 22 and light barrier 12, 23 can be generated.
  • FIG. 1 Another advantageous exemplary embodiment of a rotary actuator 33 according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the basic structure corresponds to that of the rotary actuator 14, with a further encoder disk being attached in a rotationally fixed manner to an extension element below the spring element 34.
  • the extension element 35 is constructed essentially cylindrical and the encoder disk 36 has the shape of a circular disk.
  • the encoder disk 36 works together with a further light barrier 37.
  • the lower encoder disk 36 is non-rotatably connected to the lower region 38 and the upper encoder disk 39 is non-rotatably connected to the upper region 40 of the axis of rotation 41. This now creates the possibility of detecting the relative movement between the brake element 42 and the rotary knob 43.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to an operating element for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing, a rotary knob (2, 21, 43), a rotary shaft (3, 15, 41), arranged on the rotary knob (2, 21, 43) and a brake element (19, 20, 42), engaging with the rotary shaft (3, 15, 41), by means of which an adjustable braking torque may be transmitted to the rotary knob (2, 21, 43). An element (13, 24, 34), exerting a spring effect is arranged between the rotary knob (2, 21, 43) and the braking element (19, 20, 42), such that a relative movement between the rotary knob (2, 21, 43) and the braking element (19, 20, 42) may be achieved.

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G DESCRIPTION
Programmierbarer Drehmomentgeber mit FederelementProgrammable torque sensor with spring element
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bedienelement für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Gehäuse und einem Drehknopf und einer an dem Drehknopf angeordneten Drehachse und einem an der Drehachse angreifenden Bremselement, mittels der ein veränderbares Drehmoment an den Drehknopf übertragbar ist.The invention relates to an operating element for a motor vehicle with a housing and a rotary knob and an axis of rotation arranged on the rotary knob and a brake element acting on the axis of rotation, by means of which a variable torque can be transmitted to the rotary knob.
Immer häufiger werden in Bedienelementen von Kraftfahrzeugen Drehsteller mit variabler Haptik eingesetzt. Eine Möglichkeit die Haptik eines Drehstellers einzustellen und zu beeinflussen ist die, dass der Drehsteller mittels eines magnetischen Feldes und einer Spule gebremst wird. Durch diese Anordnung können am Drehsteller in Abhängigkeit vom Strom verschiedene Bremsmomente erzeugt und somit die beim Drehen gewünschten variablen Rast- oder Anschlagspositionen, beziehungsweise haptischen Kennlinien, eingestellt werden.Turntables with variable haptics are increasingly being used in control elements of motor vehicles. One way of adjusting and influencing the feel of a turntable is that the turntable is braked by means of a magnetic field and a coil. This arrangement enables different braking torques to be generated on the turntable as a function of the current, and thus the variable locking or stop positions or haptic characteristics desired when turning.
Aus der amerikanischen Patentschrift US 6,373,465 B2 ist ein derartiger Drehsteller bekannt. Am Ende einer Achse des Drehknopfes ist eine kreisförmige Scheibe angebracht, die zwischen zwei Magnetfeldführungen angeordnet ist. Diese Magnetfeldführungen sind wiederum als Kreisscheiben oberhalb und unterhalb der Kreisscheibe des Drehknopfes angeordnet. Mittels einer Spule, die am äußeren Ende der Kreis- scheibe des Drehknopfs angeordnet ist, kann unter Zuhilfenahme der Magnetfeldführungselemente ein magnetisches Feld erzeugt werden, so dass die Kreisscheibe des Drehknopfes mit einem Bremsmoment beaufschlagt werden kann.Such a rotary actuator is known from the US Pat. No. 6,373,465 B2. At the end of an axis of the rotary knob there is a circular disk which is arranged between two magnetic field guides. These magnetic field guides are in turn arranged as circular disks above and below the circular disk of the rotary knob. With the aid of the magnetic field guide elements, a magnetic field can be generated by means of a coil, which is arranged at the outer end of the circular disk of the rotary knob, so that a braking torque can be applied to the circular disk of the rotary button.
Aus der DE 100 29 191 A1 ist darüber hinaus ein Bedienelement mit einem Dreh- knöpf bekannt, bei dem der zwischen dem Drehknopf und dem Magnetkreis befindliche Spalt mit einer magnetorheologischen Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist. Mittels einer Spule und der magnetorheologischen Flüssigkeit kann hierbei ebenfalls eine variable Bremswirkung am Drehknopf hervorgerufen werden.DE 100 29 191 A1 also discloses an operating element with a rotary knob in which the gap between the rotary knob and the magnetic circuit is filled with a magnetorheological fluid. Using a coil and the magnetorheological fluid can also have a variable braking effect on the rotary knob.
Magnetorheologische Flüssigkeiten (MRF) sind Substanzen, deren Viskosität sich durch Anlegen eines Magnetfelds ändert. Diese bestehen zum Beispiel aus einem Trägermaterial in Form von Wasser oder ölen und beigemischten Eisenspänen oder Ferriten. Das Anlegen eines Magnetfeldes führt zu einer Ausrichtung der magneti- sierbaren Partikel entlang der Feldlinien. Dies hat eine deutlich veränderte Viskosität der Substanz zur Folge. Die magnetorheologische Flüssigkeit verhält sich in einem hinreichend großen Magnetfeld näherungsweise wie ein festes Material. Ein MRF- Drehsteller besteht aus einem beweglichen Rotor, welcher in einem Gehäuse befindlich ist, wobei ein enger Spalt zwischen Gehäuse und Rotor mit der magnetorheologischen Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist. Um ein Magnetfeld ausreichender Stärke im Spalt zwischen Rotor und Gehäuse erzeugen zu können ist der Rotor von einer Spule und einer weichmagnetischen Feldführung umgeben. Ein Problem bei derartigen Drehstellern liegt im Haften des Drehstellers, wenn dieser bei anliegendem Magnetfeld nicht bewegt wird. Dieses Haften, das auch als Klebeeffekt bezeichnet wird und der Haftreibung ähnelt, verfälscht bei jedem Stopp die Haptik der eingestellten Kennlinie.Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) are substances whose viscosity changes due to the application of a magnetic field. These consist, for example, of a carrier material in the form of water or oils and mixed iron shavings or ferrites. The application of a magnetic field leads to an alignment of the magnetizable particles along the field lines. This results in a significantly changed viscosity of the substance. In a sufficiently large magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid behaves approximately like a solid material. An MRF rotary actuator consists of a movable rotor, which is located in a housing, a narrow gap between the housing and the rotor being filled with the magnetorheological fluid. In order to be able to generate a magnetic field of sufficient strength in the gap between the rotor and the housing, the rotor is surrounded by a coil and a soft magnetic field guide. A problem with such rotary actuators is the adherence of the rotary actuator if the rotary actuator is not moved when the magnetic field is applied. This sticking, which is also called the sticking effect and is similar to static friction, falsifies the feel of the set characteristic with each stop.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, dass bei bekannten Drehstellern mit veränderbarem Kraft/Weg-Verlauf mittels der Bremselemente hervorgerufene typische Kleben an den Rastflanken der einzelnen Rasten des Drehstellers zu verhindern.The object of the invention is to prevent typical sticking on the latching flanks of the individual latches of the turntable in known turntables with variable force / displacement characteristics caused by the brake elements.
Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen dem Drehknopf und dem Bremselement ein eine Federwirkung erzielendes Element eingebracht ist, so dass eine Relativbewegung zwischen Drehknopf und Bremselement realisierbar ist. Durch das Einfügen eines Federelementes zwischen dem Bremselement und dem Drehknopf ist nunmehr die Möglichkeit geschaffen, das Kleben aus der Haptik herauszunehmen und für den Bediener zu eliminieren, ein Kleben ist somit für den Bediener des Drehstellers nicht mehr spürbar. Ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Vorteil ist der, dass die Erkennung der Rückwärtsbewegung aus dem Anschlag aufgrund des Federweges, das heißt der Reativbewe- gung zwischen Decoder und ruhendem aber aktiviertem Bremselement nun möglich ist. Bei einer Erkennung der Rückwärtsbewegung erfolgt die Abschaltung des Bremselementes bei geringer Relativbewegung, das heißt geringerem kaum spürbarer Kraftaufwand. Beim Überfahren von mehreren Raststellungen wird durch das Federelement das dynamische Verhalten des Drehgebers positiv unterstützt.The object according to the invention is achieved in that an element which achieves a spring action is introduced between the rotary knob and the braking element, so that a relative movement between the rotary knob and the braking element can be achieved. By inserting a spring element between the brake element and the rotary knob, it is now possible to remove the adhesive from the haptic and to eliminate it for the operator, so that the operator of the rotary actuator can no longer feel any adhesive. Another advantage according to the invention is that the detection of the backward movement from the stop is now possible on the basis of the spring travel, that is to say the reactive movement between the decoder and the stationary but activated braking element. When the reverse movement is detected, the braking element is switched off with a small relative movement, that is to say less effort that is hardly noticeable. When driving over several rest positions, the dynamic behavior of the encoder is positively supported by the spring element.
Der grundsätzliche Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Drehstellers wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The basic structure of a turntable according to the invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments and drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 einen Schnitt durch einen mit einem magnetorheologischen Bremselement versehenen Drehsteller,FIG. 1 shows a section through a rotary actuator provided with a magnetorheological braking element,
Figur 2 einen Schnitt durch einen mit einem magnetorheologischen und einem elektromagentischen Bremselement versehenen Drehsteller mit einem Drehfederelement und2 shows a section through a rotary actuator provided with a magnetorheological and an electromagnetic brake element with a torsion spring element and
Figur 3 einen Schnitt durch einen mit einem magnetorheologischen und einem elektromagentischen Bremselement versehenen Drehsteller mit einem Drehfederelement und zwei separaten Codiersystemen.3 shows a section through a rotary actuator provided with a magnetorheological and an electromagnetic brake element with a torsion spring element and two separate coding systems.
Die Figur 1 zeigt einen mechanischen Aufbau eines Drehstellers 1 ohne Drehfederung. Dabei besteht der Drehsteller 1 grob aus einem Drehknopf 2, einer Verlänge- rung 3, der Drehachse 3, einer an die Verlängerung 3 angeordneten Kreisscheibe 4 und einem die Kreisscheibe 4 umfassenden Gehäuse 5. Das Gehäuse 5 wird dabei zum Teil aus den aus Weicheisen gebildeten Magnetfeldführungen 6 gebildet. Die Spule 7 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kreisringförmig um die Kreisscheibe 4 angeordnet. Zwischen der Kreisscheibe 4 und dem Gehäuse 5 befindet sich eine magnetorheologische Flüssigkeit 8 (MRF). Die radialen Oberflächen 9 an den Enden der Kreisscheibe 4 bilden zusammen mit den Magnetfeldführungen 6 die Reibflächen 9 zur Übertragung eines Reibmoments, wobei der Begriff Reibmoment als Synonym für Haftreibung, Bremsmoment, Haltemoment oder vergleichbare Begriffe verwendet wird. Gemeint ist damit, dass mittels des magnetorheologischen Effekts eine Bremskraft auf die Kreisschreibe 4 übertragbar ist.FIG. 1 shows a mechanical structure of a turntable 1 without torsion suspension. The rotary actuator 1 consists roughly of a rotary knob 2, an extension 3, the axis of rotation 3, a circular disc 4 arranged on the extension 3 and a housing 5 encompassing the circular disc 4. The housing 5 is partly made of soft iron Magnetic field guides 6 formed. In this exemplary embodiment, the coil 7 is arranged in a ring around the circular disk 4. A magnetorheological fluid 8 (MRF) is located between the circular disk 4 and the housing 5. The radial surfaces 9 at the ends of the circular disk 4, together with the magnetic field guides 6, form the friction surfaces 9 for transmitting a friction torque, the term friction torque being a synonym is used for static friction, braking torque, holding torque or comparable terms. What is meant by this is that a braking force can be transferred to the circular 4 by means of the magnetorheological effect.
An der Verlängerung 3 des Drehknopfs 2 ist zusätzlich eine Einrichtung 10 zur Erkennung der Drehbewegung angeordnet. Die Einrichtung 10 besteht aus einer an der Verlängerung 3 angeordneten Scheibe 11 , die zum Beispiel in Form eines bekannten inkrementalen Wegmeßsystems (Encoderscheibe) mit einem Strichcode versehen sein kann, und zum Beispiel mittels einer Lichtschanke 12 auswertbar ist, wobei na- türlich auch mehrere Lichtschranken oder ein Doppellichtschrankensystem eingesetzt werden können.A device 10 for detecting the rotary movement is additionally arranged on the extension 3 of the rotary knob 2. The device 10 consists of a disc 11 arranged on the extension 3, which can be provided with a bar code, for example in the form of a known incremental displacement measuring system (encoder disc), and can be evaluated, for example, by means of a light barrier 12, with of course also several light barriers or a double light barrier system can be used.
Die Drehrichtung kann erst dann erkannt werden, wenn eine Drehung am Drehknopf stattgefunden hat. Dies macht sich unter anderem im Anschlag, das heißt in der Stel- lung in der der Drehknopf 2 in seine Minimal- oder Maximalposition einnimmt, bemerkbar. Beim Drehen in den Anschlag hinein muss ein hohes Drehmoment in Form eines Bremsmomentes angelegt werden, um ein Weiterdrehen des Drehknopfes 2 zu stoppen und dem Bediener die Endposition anzuzeigen. Beim Zurückdrehen liegt dieses Drehmoment im Gegensatz zu einem mechanischen Drehsteller 1 immer noch an. Erst nachdem eine Positionsänderung am Drehsteller erkannt wurde kann das Drehmoment gesenkt werden. Ein Senken des Anschlagsdrehmomentes nach einer festgelegten Zeitspanne würde dazu führen, dass beim Drehen in den Anschlag nach jedem Ablauf dieser Zeitspanne der Drehknopf 2 ruckartig ein Stück weiterspringt.The direction of rotation can only be recognized when the rotary knob has been rotated. This is noticeable, inter alia, in the stop, that is to say in the position in which the rotary knob 2 assumes its minimum or maximum position. When turning into the stop, a high torque in the form of a braking torque must be applied in order to stop turning the rotary knob 2 and to indicate the end position to the operator. In contrast to a mechanical turntable 1, this torque is still present when turning back. The torque can only be reduced after a position change has been detected on the turntable. A lowering of the stop torque after a defined period of time would result in the rotary knob 2 suddenly jumping a little further when turning into the stop after each period of time.
Wird nun in die Drehachse 3 unterhalb des Encoderelementes 10, 11 , 12 in die Drehachse 3 ein Federelement 13 eingefügt, wie in Figur 1 gestrichelt dargestellt, kann erfindungsgemäß eine Relativbewegung zwischen Drehknopf 2 und Bremselement realisiert werden. Mittels dieses Federelementes 13 kann es zu einer Relativ- bewegung zwischen dem Drehknopf 2 und dem Bremselement, in diesem Fall die Kreisscheibe 4, kommen. Befindet sich beispielsweise der Drehknopf 2 in einem Anschlagspunkt, so wird die Kreisscheibe 4 mittels des magnetorheologischen Brems- elementes 4, 5, 6, 7,8 in dieser Position arretiert, damit für den Bediener des Drehstellers 1 der Endanschlag fühlbar wird. Dreht nun der Bediener den Drehknopf 2 aus dieser Ruhestellung heraus, so wird der Drehknopf 2 gemeinsam mit der Encoderscheibe 11 verdreht. Hierbei kommt es zu einer Relativbewegung zwischen der im Anschlag arretierten Kreisscheibe 4 und der Encoderscheibe 11. Ohne das Federelement 13 würde diese Arretierung der Kreisscheibe 4 für den Bediener, in Form eines Klebens spürbar sein. Durch das erfindungsgemäß eingebrachte Federelement 13 ist nun die Möglichkeit geschaffen dieses Kleben beziehungsweise arretieren der Kreisscheibe 4 für den Bediener zu eliminieren. Durch die über die Encoderscheibe 11 erfasste Drehbewegung des Drehknopfs 2 ist die Drehbewegung der Kreisscheibe 4 somit steuerbar.If a spring element 13 is now inserted into the axis of rotation 3 below the encoder element 10, 11, 12 in the axis of rotation 3, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1, a relative movement between the rotary knob 2 and the braking element can be realized according to the invention. This spring element 13 can result in a relative movement between the rotary knob 2 and the braking element, in this case the circular disk 4. If, for example, the rotary knob 2 is at a stop point, the circular disk 4 is activated by means of the magnetorheological braking elements 4, 5, 6, 7,8 locked in this position so that the operator of the turntable 1 can feel the end stop. If the operator now turns the rotary knob 2 out of this rest position, the rotary knob 2 is rotated together with the encoder disk 11. This results in a relative movement between the circular disk 4 locked in the stop and the encoder disk 11. Without the spring element 13, this locking of the circular disk 4 would be perceptible to the operator in the form of an adhesive. The spring element 13 introduced according to the invention now makes it possible for the operator to eliminate this sticking or locking of the circular disk 4. The rotational movement of the rotary disc 2 can thus be controlled by the rotary movement of the rotary knob 2 detected via the encoder disk 11.
Es ist hierbei natürlich selbstverständlich, dass je nach Anwendungsfall und einzustellender Haptik am Drehsteller 1 unterschiedliche Drehfederelemente 13 mit unter- schiedlichen Federkennlinien einsetzbar sind. So ist es insbesondere vorstellbar das Federelemente 13 aus einer Feder in Form einer Drehfeder oder eines Torosi- onsstabes oder in Form eines Biegedrahtes auszuführen. Darüber hinaus besteht die Möglichkeit, das Federelement 13 aus einem dauerelastischen Kunststoff, wie zum Beispiel Gummi, herzustellen.It goes without saying that, depending on the application and the haptics to be set on the rotary actuator 1, different torsion spring elements 13 with different spring characteristics can be used. It is particularly conceivable to design the spring elements 13 from a spring in the form of a torsion spring or a torsion bar or in the form of a bending wire. In addition, there is the possibility of producing the spring element 13 from a permanently elastic plastic, such as rubber.
In der Figur 2 ist ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Aufbau eines Bedienelementes 14 in Form eines Drehstellers 14 dargestellt. Die Figur 2 zeigt dabei einen Querschnitt durch den Drehsteller 14 in der Seitenansicht. Die Bauteile sind hierbei im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch aufgebaut. In der Mitte des Drehstellers 14 ist durch eine Drehachse 15 eine Mittellinie 16 gezogen die den Drehsteller 14 in zwei Hälften 17, 18 teilt. Die beiden Hälften 17, 18 beinhalten jeweils ein unterschiedliches Bremselement 19, 20. Die erste Hälfte 17 ist mit einem elektromagnetisch wirkenden Bremselement 19 versehen. Auf der zweiten Hälfte 18 ist ein magnetorheologisches Bremselement 20 dargestellt. Dieses Beispiel verdeutlicht, dass jegliche Bremsele- mente 19, 20 einsetzbar sind, wobei hier ebenfalls pneumatische, hydraulische, mechanische oder Mischformen von Bremseiementen einsetzbar sind. Die Auswahl der Bremselemente ist dabei beliebig und je nach zu erzeugender Haptik und Aufbau des Drehstellers 14 auswählbar.FIG. 2 shows a further construction according to the invention of an operating element 14 in the form of a rotary actuator 14. 2 shows a cross section through the rotary actuator 14 in a side view. The components are essentially rotationally symmetrical. In the middle of the rotary actuator 14, a center line 16 is drawn through an axis of rotation 15 which divides the rotary actuator 14 into two halves 17, 18. The two halves 17, 18 each contain a different brake element 19, 20. The first half 17 is provided with an electromagnetic brake element 19. A magnetorheological braking element 20 is shown on the second half 18. This example illustrates that any braking elements 19, 20 can be used, wherein pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical or mixed forms of braking elements can also be used here. The selection of the Brake elements are arbitrary and can be selected depending on the feel to be generated and the structure of the rotary actuator 14.
Der Drehsteller 14 besteht dabei aus einem Drehknopf 21 , der Drehachse 15, einer Encoderscheibe 22, die mit einer Lichtschranke 23 zusammenwirkt. Unterhalb der Encoderscheibe 22 ist ein Federelement 24 in die Drehachse 15 integriert. Auch wenn in diesem Prinzipbild die Drehachse 15 durch das Federelement 24 hindurchreicht, so ist der obere Teil der Drehachse 25 gegen den unteren Teil 26 der Drehachse 15 verdrehbar. Am unteren Teil 26 der Drehachse ist ein radial nach außen gerichtetes Verlängerungselement 27 drehfest mit unteren Teil 26 der Drehachse 15 verbunden. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist an jeder Seite 17, 18 des Verlängerungselementes 27 ein magnetisierbares Element 28, 29 angeordnet. In einer realen Ausführungsform des Drehstellers 14 wären diese magnetischen oder magnetisier- baren Elemente 28, 29 zum Beispiel als Kreisringe ausgeführt. Die Elemente 28, 29 würden sich dann als Rotor 28, 29 in den Magnetfeldern des elektromagnetischen Bremselementes 19 oder dem magnetorheologischen Bremselement 20 bewegen.The rotary actuator 14 consists of a rotary knob 21, the axis of rotation 15, an encoder disk 22, which cooperates with a light barrier 23. A spring element 24 is integrated into the axis of rotation 15 below the encoder disk 22. Even if the axis of rotation 15 extends through the spring element 24 in this basic diagram, the upper part of the axis of rotation 25 can be rotated against the lower part 26 of the axis of rotation 15. On the lower part 26 of the axis of rotation, a radially outwardly extending extension element 27 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the lower part 26 of the axis of rotation 15. In this exemplary embodiment, a magnetizable element 28, 29 is arranged on each side 17, 18 of the extension element 27. In a real embodiment of the rotary actuator 14, these magnetic or magnetizable elements 28, 29 would be designed as circular rings, for example. The elements 28, 29 would then move as rotors 28, 29 in the magnetic fields of the electromagnetic braking element 19 or the magnetorheological braking element 20.
Ohne ein angelegtes Magnetfeld lässt sich hierbei der Rotor 28, 29 leicht gegen das Gehäuse verdrehen. Am Drehknopf 21 läge in diesem Fall kein Drehmoment an. Nach dem Anlegen eines Magnetfeldes, erzeugt durch die Magnetfeldführungen 30, 31 und die Spule 32, wird eine erhöhte Reibung zwischen Rotor 28, 29 und Gehäuse beziehungsweise Magnetfeldführungen 30, 31 erreicht und für den Bediener am Drehknopf 21 als Drehmoment oder Rast spürbar. Durch winkelabhängiges Verändern des Magnetfeldes und damit der Reibung zwischen Rotor 28, 29 und Gehäuse kann somit ein beliebiger Drehmomentenverlauf dargestellt werden. Es ist somit zum Beispiel möglich dem Verlauf bei Verwendung einer normalen mechanischen Rast, das heißt über Rastscheibe und Federn nachzubilden. Hierbei können über eine Steuerung der Feldstärke des Magnetfeldes unterschiedliche Rastformen und Drehmomente dargestellt werden. Die Steuerung arbeitet hierbei mit den gemessenen Werten des Codiersystems (Encoderscheibe 22, Lichtschranke 23) und der Magnetfeldsteuerung zusammen beziehungsweise sind diese Elemente in einer gemeinsamen Steuerung verknüpft. So lassen sich beispielsweise Kombinationen aus Feinras- ten und Hauptrasten erreichen, aber auch Endanschläge darstellen, wobei die Reibung so hoch wird, dass ein Drehen des Rotors 28, 29 und folglich des Drehknopfes 21 vollständig unterbunden ist.Without an applied magnetic field, the rotor 28, 29 can be easily rotated against the housing. In this case, there would be no torque on the rotary knob 21. After the application of a magnetic field, generated by the magnetic field guides 30, 31 and the coil 32, increased friction between the rotor 28, 29 and the housing or magnetic field guides 30, 31 is achieved and the operator can feel it at the rotary knob 21 as torque or rest. By changing the magnetic field as a function of the angle and thus the friction between the rotor 28, 29 and the housing, any torque curve can be represented. It is thus possible, for example, to emulate the course when using a normal mechanical detent, that is to say via a detent disk and springs. Different locking forms and torques can be represented by controlling the field strength of the magnetic field. The controller works together with the measured values of the coding system (encoder disk 22, light barrier 23) and the magnetic field controller or these elements are linked in a common controller. For example, combinations of fine grass ten and reach main catches, but also represent end stops, the friction becoming so high that rotation of the rotor 28, 29 and consequently of the rotary knob 21 is completely prevented.
Da bei dieser Form eines Drehstellers 14, im Gegensatz zu einem mechanischen Konzept, die Rastkurven nur durch die elektronische Ansteuerung erzeugbar ist, ist der Drehsteller 14 frei programmierbar und es können über die Steuerung verschiedenste Kennlinien vorgegeben werden.Since in this form of a rotary actuator 14, in contrast to a mechanical concept, the latching curves can only be generated by electronic control, the rotary actuator 14 is freely programmable and a wide variety of characteristic curves can be specified via the control.
Bei der Wahl der Codierung ist der Drehsteller 1 , 14 nicht auf ein optisches Codiersystem beschränkt. Es ist vielmehr vorstellbar auch alternative Wegmesssysteme auf elektronischer oder magnetischer Basis in den Drehsteller 1 , 14 zu implementieren. Insbesondere ist die Verwendung einer Codierscheibe 22 mit variierender Schlitzbreite vorstellbar. Hierbei ist die Codierscheibe 22 zwischen einer Infrarot leuchten- den LED mit vorgeschalteten Diffusor und einem Infrarotdetektor mit vorgeschalteter Sammellinse angeordnet. Hierdurch ist die Möglichkeit geschaffen die Drehbewegung des Drehknopfs 2, 21 in ein analoges Signal umzuwandeln, das wiederum mittels eines Prozessors digital auswertbar ist. Durch die Umwandlung des analogen Signals in ein digitales Signal ist eine sehr viel höhere Auflösung als bei herkömmli- chen Systemen aus Codierscheibe 11 , 22 und Lichtschranke 12, 23 erzeugbar.When selecting the coding, the rotary control 1, 14 is not limited to an optical coding system. Rather, it is conceivable to implement alternative position measuring systems on the electronic or magnetic basis in the turntable 1, 14. In particular, the use of a coding disk 22 with a varying slot width is conceivable. Here, the coding disk 22 is arranged between an infrared-illuminating LED with an upstream diffuser and an infrared detector with an upstream collecting lens. This creates the possibility of converting the rotary movement of the rotary knob 2, 21 into an analog signal, which in turn can be evaluated digitally by means of a processor. By converting the analog signal into a digital signal, a much higher resolution than in conventional systems consisting of the coding disk 11, 22 and light barrier 12, 23 can be generated.
In der Figur 3 ist ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Drehstellers 33 dargestellt. Der prinzipielle Aufbau entspricht dem des Drehstellers 14, wobei unterhalb des Federelementes 34 an ein Verlängerungsele- ment eine weitere Encoderscheibe drehfest angebaut ist. Das Verlängerungselement 35 ist hierbei im Wesentlichen zylindrig aufgebaut und die Encoderscheibe 36 besitzt die Form einer Kreisscheibe. Die Encoderscheibe 36 arbeitet mit einer weiteren Lichtschranke 37 zusammen. Die untere Encoderscheibe 36 ist drehfest mit dem unteren Bereich 38 und die obere Encoderscheibe 39 drehfest mit dem oberen Bereich 40 der Drehachse 41 verbunden. Hierdurch ist nun die Möglichkeit geschaffen, die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Bremselement 42 und dem Drehknopf 43 zu erfassen. Aus der Differenz der Drehbewegungen der Encoderscheiben 36, 39 kann ein Differenzwert ermittelt und von der Steuerung ausgewertet werden. Es ist somit möglich, über eine Kopplung der beiden Bewegungen ein Regelelement in den Drehsteller 33 zu implementieren. Der Drehsteller 33 ist somit regelbar. Another advantageous exemplary embodiment of a rotary actuator 33 according to the invention is shown in FIG. The basic structure corresponds to that of the rotary actuator 14, with a further encoder disk being attached in a rotationally fixed manner to an extension element below the spring element 34. The extension element 35 is constructed essentially cylindrical and the encoder disk 36 has the shape of a circular disk. The encoder disk 36 works together with a further light barrier 37. The lower encoder disk 36 is non-rotatably connected to the lower region 38 and the upper encoder disk 39 is non-rotatably connected to the upper region 40 of the axis of rotation 41. This now creates the possibility of detecting the relative movement between the brake element 42 and the rotary knob 43. From the difference in the rotary movements of the encoder disks 36, 39 one can Differential value can be determined and evaluated by the control. It is thus possible to implement a control element in the rotary actuator 33 by coupling the two movements. The turntable 33 can thus be regulated.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Bedienelement für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Gehäuse und einem Drehknopf (2, 21 , 43) und einer an dem Drehknopf (2, 21 , 43) angeordneten Drehachse (3, 15, 41) und einem an der Drehachse (3, 15, 41 ) angreifenden Bremselement (19, 20, 42), mittels der ein veränderbares Drehmoment an den Drehknopf ü- bertragbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Drehknopf und dem Bremselement (19, 20, 42) ein eine Federwirkung erzielendes Element (13, 24, 34) eingebracht ist, so dass eine Relativbewegung zwischen Drehknopf (2, 21 , 43) und Bremselement (19, 20, 42) realisierbar ist.1. Control element for a motor vehicle with a housing and a rotary knob (2, 21, 43) and an axis of rotation (3, 15, 41) arranged on the rotary knob (2, 21, 43) and one on the axis of rotation (3, 15, 41) engaging brake element (19, 20, 42), by means of which a variable torque can be transmitted to the rotary knob, characterized in that between the rotary knob and the brake element (19, 20, 42) an element (13, 24, 34) is introduced, so that a relative movement between the rotary knob (2, 21, 43) and the braking element (19, 20, 42) can be realized.
2. Bedienelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Federelement (13, 24, 34) und Drehknopf (2, 21 , 43) eine Einrichtung (10) zur Erkennung des Drehwinkels und der Drehrichtung angeordnet ist.2. Control element according to claim 1, characterized in that between the spring element (13, 24, 34) and rotary knob (2, 21, 43) a device (10) for detecting the angle of rotation and the direction of rotation is arranged.
3. Bedienelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf die Drehachse (3, 15, 41) ein elektromagnetisch oder magnetorheolo- gisch arbeitendes Bremselement (19, 20, 42) wirkt.3. Control element according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an electromagnetic or magnetorheological brake element (19, 20, 42) acts on the axis of rotation (3, 15, 41).
4. Bedienelement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Dreh- achse (3, 15, 41) eine Verlängerung (4, 27, 35) angeformt ist und das ein Teil der Verlängerung (4, 27, 35) ein Bestandteil des elektromagnetischen oder magnetorheologischen Bremselementes (19, 20, 42) ist.4. Control element according to claim 3, characterized in that an extension (4, 27, 35) is integrally formed on the axis of rotation (3, 15, 41) and that part of the extension (4, 27, 35) is a component of electromagnetic or magnetorheological braking element (19, 20, 42).
5. Bedienelement nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Federelement (13, 24, 34) und dem Bremselement (19, 20, 42) eine weitere Einrichtung (36, 37) zur Erkennung des Drehwinkels und der Drehrichtung angeordnet ist, so dass eine Relativbewegung zwischen der ersten (22, 23, 38) und zweiten (36, 37) Einrichtung zur Erkennung des Drehwinkels messbar ist. 5. Control element according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that between the spring element (13, 24, 34) and the braking element (19, 20, 42) a further device (36, 37) for detecting the angle of rotation and the direction of rotation is arranged so that a relative movement between the first (22, 23, 38) and second (36, 37) device for detecting the angle of rotation can be measured.
6. Bedienelement nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Drehrichtung und Winkelerkennung ein optischer Encoder (10, 11 , 12, 22, 23, 36, 37, 38) ist.6. Control element according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the device for the direction of rotation and angle detection is an optical encoder (10, 11, 12, 22, 23, 36, 37, 38).
7. Bedienelement nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Federelement (13, 24, 34) aus einer Feder, insbesondere einer Drehrotationsfeder, und oder aus einem dauerelastischen Kunststoff gebildet ist. 7. Control element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element (13, 24, 34) is formed from a spring, in particular a rotary rotation spring, and or from a permanently elastic plastic.
PCT/EP2005/000757 2004-01-29 2005-01-26 Programmable torque transmitter with spring element WO2005073833A1 (en)

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US10950374B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2021-03-16 Alps Alpine Co., Ltd. Fe-based alloy composition, soft magnetic material, magnetic members, electric/electronic component, and device

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