WO2005064388A1 - Procede de fabrication d'un affichage a cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'un affichage a cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005064388A1
WO2005064388A1 PCT/SE2004/002029 SE2004002029W WO2005064388A1 WO 2005064388 A1 WO2005064388 A1 WO 2005064388A1 SE 2004002029 W SE2004002029 W SE 2004002029W WO 2005064388 A1 WO2005064388 A1 WO 2005064388A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
process according
inkjet printing
layer
electrodes
lcd
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2004/002029
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kent Skarp
Christian ADÅS
Gustav Franklin
Lu Wang
Original Assignee
Swedish Lcd Center Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swedish Lcd Center Ab filed Critical Swedish Lcd Center Ab
Publication of WO2005064388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005064388A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G02F1/133516—Methods for their manufacture, e.g. printing, electro-deposition or photolithography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the manufacturing of a liquid crystal display (LCD).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • PET polymer It is possible to apply every layer of such an LCD as a thin film.
  • Filling of the LC may be performed in different ways.
  • One way is to use a so-called hole filling where two holes are available through the substrate into an assembled LC-cell. Vacuum is applied to one of the holes, thereby creating a low pressure in the cell, and LC is applied to the other hole, which is sucked into the cell through the low pressure.
  • Patent publications EP 0 343 902, EP 0 534 590, US 3 701 368, US 3 807 127 and US 3 995 941 describes the technique of hole filling.
  • Photolithography involves several process steps such as generation of mask tools, coating of photoresist layer, curing of photoresist, exposure of photoresist, development of photoresist pattern including rinsing in di- ionized water, etching of the layer into electrodes including rinsing in di-ionized water, strip of photoresist and drying of the substrate.
  • the step to generate the electrodes uses a lot of resources such as solvents, acids, bases and di-ionized water.
  • the present invention proposes that one or several steps of the process is performed through inkjet printing within predefined and selected areas of used substrate.
  • One step of the process is that electrodes may be applied through inkjet printing.
  • conductive polymer for instance PEDOT-PSS or ITO in liquid phase or metal in liquid phase is used to form the electrodes depending on desired properties. In the latter case it is possible to use the electrodes that are formed to act as a reflector in a reflective LCD.
  • the present invention proposes that the electrodes are defined by photolitoghraphy processing, and that the electrode pattern is formed by photoresist applied by inkjet at the predefined and selected areas.
  • a layer of hard coat material is applied through inkjet printing on top of the electrodes.
  • a polarizer is applied through inkjet printing.
  • Such a polarizer may be made out of a thin film polarizer, such as TCF®.
  • TCF® thin film polarizer
  • the polarizer is applied on top of a previously applied layer or electrode.
  • an LC-alignment layer is applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that a photo alignment polymer or polyimide may be used to form the LC-alignment layer. It is also proposed that the LC-alignment layer may be made by materials with different LC-alignment properties at different areas within the predefined selected area, different properties such as variation of pre-tilt, anchoring energy and azimuth angle. With the purpose of providing a layer that also may act as a levelling layer to achieve a uniform surface to promote an even cellgap it is proposed that the LC-alignment layer is applied in thinner layers on the electrodes and with thicker layer at areas without electrode.
  • the LC-alignment layer is applied on top of a previously applied layer or electrode.
  • Yet another step of the process is that required spacers are applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that the spacers are made out of adhesive cured by electromagnetic radiation. In order to provide a desired cell gap at different area within the predefined selected area it is proposed that the adhesive spacers are applied with different height in different areas within the predefined selected area. It is proposed that the spacers may be made of spherical or cylindrical particles of silica, alumina or synthetic resin. LCD's with spacers of this kind will be vulnerable to vibrations and physical chock since it will lay loose on the underlying surface.
  • the spacers are of a sticky type that will fix the spacers to its underlying surface and make the LCD more reliable to vibrations and physical chock. It is known to use conductive spacers to form an electrical contact between the two substrates and/or between the LCD and the LCD-electric driving circuit and the present invention proposes that conductive spacers are applied through inkjet printing and that they are made out of inkjet-printable electric conductive ink or electric conductive spherical spacers. Another process step is that required sealing frame is applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that the sealing frame is made out of adhesive cured by electromagnetic radiation.
  • the present invention also proposes that any spacers and the sealing frame are applied in the same process step and cured at the same conditions.
  • Another process step is that required LC is applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that the LC-layer may be applied by hole filling on an already assembled LCD cell.
  • Another process step is that any colour filter is applied through inkjet printing.
  • the present invention teaches that any of the above-described steps may be combined with any other inventive step or with one or several steps performed in a conventional way. It is also proposed that every layer belonging to the LCD is applied through inkjet printing. It should be understood that the viscosity and surface tension of any material used to form an electrode, a layer, a spacer or a sealing frame applied through inkjet printing is adapted to inkjet printing.
  • any material used to form an electrode, a layer, a spacer or a sealing frame applied through inkjet printing is applied within the predefined and selected area.
  • used substrate is a flexible substrate, such as PET, PES, PC, PEN, polyimide, cyclic olefin, polyarylate or paper. It is also possible to use a glass substrate to form an LCD according to the present invention. If the LCD is integrated to an electric circuit it is proposed that electrodes belonging to the electrical circuit are applied by inkjet printing.
  • the advantages of an inventive process are that the inkjet printing provides a very high accuracy in the forming of the different layers.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic and simplified view of an LCD on a predefined and selected area of a substrate
  • Figure 2 is a simplified and schematic cross sectional view of an LCD manufactured according to an inventive process
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross and simplified illustration of the principle of hole filling LC into an assembled LCD cell
  • Figure 4 is a schematic and simplified view of an LCD that is integrated with an electrical circuit. Description of embodiments as presently preferred An inventive process for the manufacturing of an LCD will now be described with reference to Figure 1.
  • the present invention proposes that one or several steps of the process is performed through inkjet printing within predefined and selected areas A' of used substrate A. This area may be of different shapes and sizes.
  • FIG. 1 shows an LCD structure with a standard configuration of electrodes, different layers, spacers, sealing frame and substrates. It should be understood that this configuration, and other configurations shown in these drawings, are only schematic and simplified illustrations of possible LCD structures used to describe the inventive process and it is obvious that the inventive process may be used in the manufacturing of any other LCD configuration.
  • One step of the process is that electrodes 1 may be applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that conductive polymer, for instance PEDOT-PSS, is used to form the electrodes 1. Another embodiment proposes that ITO in liquid phase is used to form the electrodes. It is also proposed that metal in liquid phase is used to form the electrodes
  • the electrodes that are formed to act as a reflector in a reflective LCD are defined by photolitoghraphy processing, and that the electrode pattern is formed by photoresist applied by inkjet at the predefined and selected areas A'.
  • a layer of hard coat material 2 is applied through inkjet printing on top of the electrodes 1.
  • a polarizer 3 is applied through inkjet printing.
  • Such a polarizer may be made out of a thin film polarizer, such as TCF®.
  • the thin film polarizer is applied in different thickness 3' at different areas within the predefined selected area A'.
  • the polarizer 3 is applied on top of a previously applied layer 2 or electrode 1.
  • Another step of the process is that an LC-alignment layer 4 is applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that a photo alignment polymer or polyimide may be used to form the LC-alignment layer 4.
  • the LC-alignment layer 4 may be made by materials with different LC-alignment properties at different areas within the predefined selected area A', such properties as variation of pre-tilt, anchoring energy and azimuth angle, With the purpose of providing a layer that also may act as a levelling layer to achieve a uniform surface to promote an even cellgap it is proposed that the LC-alignment layer 4 is applied in thinner layers on the electrodes 1 and with thicker layer 4' at areas without electrode A1. The LC-alignment layer 4 is applied on top of a previously applied layer 3, 2 or electrode 1. Yet another step of the process is that required spacers 5 are applied through inkjet printing.
  • the spacers 5 are made out of adhesive cured by electromagnetic radiation. In order to provide a desired cell gap at different areas within the predefined selected area it is proposed that the spacers are applied with different height in different areas within the predefined selected area A'. It is proposed that the spacers 5 may be made of spherical or cylindrical particles of silica, alumina or synthetic resin. LCD's with spacers of this kind will be vulnerable to vibrations and physical chock since it will lay loose on the underlying surface. In order to overcome this problem it is proposed that the spacers 5 are of a sticky type that will fix the spacers to its underlying surface and make the LCD more tolerable to vibrations and physical chock.
  • conductive spacers are applied through inkjet printing and that they are made out of inkjet-printable electric conductive ink or electric conductive spherical spacers.
  • Another process step is that required sealing frame 6 is applied through inkjet printing. It is proposed that the sealing frame 6 is made out of adhesive cured by electromagnetic radiation.
  • the present invention also proposes that any spacers 5 and the sealing frame 6 are applied in the same process step and cured at the same conditions.
  • Another process step is that required LC 7 is applied through inkjet printing.
  • the LC-layer may be applied by printing directly on an unassembled LCD.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically an already assembled LCD cell B that is in the process of being filled by hole filling. A first and second opening B1 , B2 is shown and vacuum is applied to one of the openings B2 while LC is applied to the other opening B1.
  • This may be a cell manufactured according to the inventive process and filled with a conventional hole filling process. It might also be an LCD cell B manufactured in a conventional way but being filled by means of an inventive filling procedure, where the LC is applied to the first opening B1 through inkjet printing.
  • another process step is shown being that any colour filter 8 is applied through inkjet printing.
  • the present invention teaches that any of the above-described steps may be combined with any other inventive step or with one or several steps performed in a conventional way. It is also possible to apply every layer belonging to the LCD through inkjet printing. It should be understood that the viscosity and surface tension of any material used to form an electrode 1 , a layer 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, a spacer 5 or a sealing frame 6 applied through inkjet printing is adapted to inkjet printing. It should also be understood that any material used to form an electrode 1 , a layer 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, a spacer 5 or a sealing frame 6 applied through inkjet printing is applied within the predefined and selected area A'.
  • used substrate A is a flexible substrate, such as PET, PES, PC, PEN, polyimide, cyclic olefin, polyarylate or paper. It is also possible to use a glass substrate to form an LCD according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows an LCD C1 that is integrated with an electric circuit C2 on a common substrate C.
  • the present invention proposes that electrodes C3 belonging to the electrical circuit C2 are applied by inkjet printing.
  • the electrical circuit may for instance be the driver electronics for the LCD and or any other component co acting with the LCD.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un affichage à cristaux liquides (LCD), une ou plusieurs étapes dudit procédé étant exécutée(s) par impression à jet d'encre, pour l'application d'électrodes (1), d'un polariseur (3) ou d'une couche d'alignement (4), dans des zones prédéfinies et sélectionnées (A') du substrat utilisé (A).
PCT/SE2004/002029 2003-12-30 2004-12-29 Procede de fabrication d'un affichage a cristaux liquides WO2005064388A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0303604-3 2003-12-30
SE0303604A SE0303604L (sv) 2003-12-30 2003-12-30 En process för tillverkning av LCD

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005064388A1 true WO2005064388A1 (fr) 2005-07-14

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WO (1) WO2005064388A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0855614A1 (fr) * 1996-05-15 1998-07-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Composant a couches minces possedant une couche de revetement, panneau a cristaux liquides, appareil electronique et procede de fabrication du composant a couches minces
US20020054252A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-05-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display device
EP1208985A2 (fr) * 2000-11-21 2002-05-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Méthodes et appareilages pour la fabrication de filtres couleur, appareil à cristaux liquides, appareil électroluminescent et tête de jet d'encre, méthode pour charger et décharger du matériel
US20020167638A1 (en) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-14 Young-Sang Byun Method of forming a liquid crystal layer using an ink jet system
KR20030041065A (ko) * 2001-11-19 2003-05-23 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 액정표시장치의 제조방법
US20030117573A1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2003-06-26 Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. Align key for a TOC/COT-type liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same
EP1349135A1 (fr) * 2000-12-04 2003-10-01 Ulvac, Inc. Procede de formation d'une electrode destinee a un panneau d'affichage plat
US20030214620A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-20 Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0855614A1 (fr) * 1996-05-15 1998-07-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Composant a couches minces possedant une couche de revetement, panneau a cristaux liquides, appareil electronique et procede de fabrication du composant a couches minces
US20020054252A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-05-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display device
EP1208985A2 (fr) * 2000-11-21 2002-05-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Méthodes et appareilages pour la fabrication de filtres couleur, appareil à cristaux liquides, appareil électroluminescent et tête de jet d'encre, méthode pour charger et décharger du matériel
EP1349135A1 (fr) * 2000-12-04 2003-10-01 Ulvac, Inc. Procede de formation d'une electrode destinee a un panneau d'affichage plat
US20020167638A1 (en) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-14 Young-Sang Byun Method of forming a liquid crystal layer using an ink jet system
KR20030041065A (ko) * 2001-11-19 2003-05-23 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 액정표시장치의 제조방법
US20030117573A1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2003-06-26 Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. Align key for a TOC/COT-type liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same
US20030214620A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-20 Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 200362, Derwent World Patents Index; Class G02, AN 2003-655260 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0303604D0 (sv) 2003-12-30
SE0303604L (sv) 2005-11-18

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