WO2005057968A1 - Appareils et procedes permettant d'etendre la zone de couverture d'un systeme de communication sans fil au moyen d'un autre systeme de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Appareils et procedes permettant d'etendre la zone de couverture d'un systeme de communication sans fil au moyen d'un autre systeme de communication sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005057968A1
WO2005057968A1 PCT/US2004/040858 US2004040858W WO2005057968A1 WO 2005057968 A1 WO2005057968 A1 WO 2005057968A1 US 2004040858 W US2004040858 W US 2004040858W WO 2005057968 A1 WO2005057968 A1 WO 2005057968A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ian
mobile station
level
network
call
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PCT/US2004/040858
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English (en)
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WO2005057968A8 (fr
WO2005057968A9 (fr
Inventor
Michael D. Gallagher
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Kineto Wireless, Inc.
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Priority claimed from US11/004,439 external-priority patent/US7634269B2/en
Application filed by Kineto Wireless, Inc. filed Critical Kineto Wireless, Inc.
Publication of WO2005057968A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005057968A1/fr
Publication of WO2005057968A8 publication Critical patent/WO2005057968A8/fr
Publication of WO2005057968A9 publication Critical patent/WO2005057968A9/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0066—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of control information between different types of networks in order to establish a new radio link in the target network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H04W84/045—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems using private Base Stations, e.g. femto Base Stations, home Node B
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Definitions

  • Figure 15 illustrates several possible GSM and IAN coverage scenarios in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 16 illustrates one embodiment of a CDMA phone architecture with Service Access Points (SAP) used for intercommunications among the entities.
  • Figure 17 illustrates one embodiment of signaling plane communications of the handset in IAN mode.
  • Figure 18 illustrates one embodiment of a protocol architecture used to transport the user data while the handset is in IAN mode and a packet data session is in progress.
  • Figure 19 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a CDMA mode task architecture having lower layer handset tasks and interfaces for use while in CDMA mode of operation.
  • Figure 20 is a block diagram of one embodiment of an IAN node task architecture having lower layer handset tasks and interfaces for use while in IAN mode of operation.
  • Figure 21 is a state diagram of one embodiment of the CDMA/IAN operation.
  • Figure 22 is one embodiment of a state machine having IAM-MM 2002 main states.
  • Figure 23 illustrates one embodiment of the authentication state machine.
  • Figure 24 illustrates one embodiment of the IAN-MM OTASP state machine.
  • Figure 25 illustrates one embodiment of a DBM state machine.
  • Figure 26 illustrates a state diagram of an IAN-CRR state machine for one embodiment of a IAN-CRR.
  • the indoor network controller 132 interconnects to the UMTS network using a UMTS Iu-cs interface for circuit switched voice services and the UMTS Iu-ps interface for packet data services.
  • the indoor network controller 132 interconnects with the CDMA network using the CDMA Al and A2 interfaces for circuit switched voice services and the CDMA A10 and Al 1 interfaces for packet data services.
  • indoor network controller 132 appears to the GSM/GPRS core network as a GSM BSS network element and is managed and operated as such, h this architecture the principle elements of transaction control (e.g., call processing) are provided by higher network elements; namely the MSC 116 visitor location registry (NLR) and the SGS ⁇ .
  • Authorized mobile stations are allowed access to the GSM/GPRS core network either directly through the GSM radio access network if they are outside of the service area of an indoor base station or via the indoor access network system 100 if they are within the service area of an indoor base station 128.
  • the unlicensed wireless service may support all user services that are typically offered by the wireless service provider, h the GSM case, this preferably includes the following basic services: Telephony, Emergency call (e.g., E911 calling in North America); Short message, mobile-terminated point-to-point (MT/PP); Short message, mobile-originated point-to-point (MO/PP); GPRS bearer services; Handover (outdoor-to-indoor, indoor-to-outdoor, voice, data, SMS, SS).
  • Telephony Emergency call
  • MT/PP mobile-terminated point-to-point
  • MO/PP mobile-originated point-to-point
  • GPRS bearer services GPRS bearer services
  • Handover outdoor-to-indoor, indoor-to-outdoor, voice, data, SMS, SS).
  • this preferably includes the following supplementary services: Call Deflection; Calling Line Identification Presentation; Calling Line Identification Restriction; Connected Line Identification Presentation; Connected Line Identification Restriction; Call Forwarding Unconditional; Call Forwarding on Mobile Subscriber Busy; Call Forwarding on No Reply; Call Forwarding on Mobile Subscriber Not Reachable; Calling Name Presentation; Call Waiting; Call Hold; Multi Party Service; Closed User Group; Advice of Charge (Information); Advice of Charge (Charging); User-to-user signaling; Barring of All Outgoing Calls; Barring of Outgoing International Calls; Barring of Outgoing International Calls except those directed to the Home PLMN Country; Barring of All Incoming Calls; Barring of Incoming Calls when Roaming Outside the Home PLMN Country; Explicit Call Transfer; Support of Private Numbering Plan; Completion of calls to busy subscribers; Unstructured Supplementary Services Data; SLM Toolkit.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates embodiments of the access network 130 configuration for coupling the indoor base station 128 to the indoor network controller 132.
  • the access network is broadband only.
  • the customer premise equipment i.e., indoor base station and mobile station
  • all voice service, data service and signaling traffic is conveyed using a broadband access network.
  • both Broadband and POTS are used.
  • FIG. 5 provides an overview of a level 1, level 2, and level 3 GSM-related protocol architecture for one embodiment of mobile station 102. As illustrated, there are two logical radio resource (RR) management entities: the GSM RR entity 546 and the IAN RR. entity 556.
  • the protocol architecture includes a GSM baseband level 1 layer 542, GSM level 2 link layer 544, Bluetooth baseband level 1 layer 552, Bluetooth level 2 layers 554, access mode switch 560, and upper layer protocols 580.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of the mobile station 102 showing portions of the level 2 and level 3 layers.
  • the LAN RR entity 556 provides coordination with the GSM RR entity 546 through the IANGSM-SAP 592, specifically for access mode switching and "handout” (i.e., from indoor to outdoor) procedures.
  • the GSM RR entity 546 provides coordination with the IAN RR entity 556 through the GSMIAN-SAP 590, specifically for access mode switching and "handing over” (i.e., from outdoor to indoor) procedures.
  • the function of mobility management layer 565 and connection management layer 570 will be described below in more detail.
  • Figure 7A illustrates an embodiment in which an LAN protocol architecture supports GSM MM and CM signaling, as well as IAN-specific signaling for the unlicensed wireless service.
  • the LAN-RR protocol also supports IAN-specific signaling between the mobile station 102, indoor base station 128 and indoor network controller 132; e.g., for mobile station-to-indoor base station bearer path control.
  • the radio resource layers in the mobile station include an LAN-RR sub-layer 556 and an LEP sublayer 557.
  • the IAN- radio resource (RR) protocol is conveyed in an IAN Encapsulation Protocol (IEP) over the Kl interface 305, with the LEP being administered by the IEP sublayer 555.
  • the IEP packets are transferred over the Kl interface 305 using the services of an unlicensed wireless service layer 2 connection access procedure (L2CAP) link layer.
  • L2CAP unlicensed wireless service layer 2 connection access procedure
  • the LAN-RR protocol is conveyed in an IAN Transfer Protocol (ITP) over the K2 interface 310 using an ITP module 702.
  • ITP IAN Transfer Protocol
  • the ITP messages are transferred using an LAN Secure Tunnel (1ST) connection between the indoor base station 128 and the indoor network controller 132.
  • the 1ST may be provided using standard security protocols.
  • the use of the standard Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol 704 running over TCP/IP 706 is shown in Figure 7A. Another option is to use IPSec.
  • An intervening broadband access system 719 supports lower level IP connectivity.
  • the ITP module also supports non LAN-RR signaling between the indoor base station 128 and the indoor network controller 132. This includes the IBS-to-INC bearer path control signaling.
  • FIG. 7B illustrates an alternate embodiment in which the LAN- specific protocol functions of indoor base station 128 are moved to mobile station 102, allowing the use of unlicensed access points that do not support LAN- specific functionality but do support generic IP connectivity; for example, standard Bluetooth or IEEE 802.1 lb access points.
  • the SSL-based IAN Secure Tunnel and all upper layer protocols terminate on the mobile station. From the perspective of indoor network controller 132, there is no difference between the embodiment illustrated in Figure 7 A and that illustrated in Figure 7B.
  • FIG. 9-11 illustrate a corresponding GPRS implementation.
  • Figure 9 provides an overview of the GPRS-related protocol architecture for the IAN mobile station.
  • Figure 10 shows details of one embodiment of an internal LAN/GPRS protocol architecture of the mobile station.
  • Figure 11A shows the corresponding GPRS signaling mode when the mobile station is operating using the unlicensed wireless service.
  • Figure 1 IB shows the corresponding GPRS data transmission mode when the mobile station is operating using the unlicensed wireless service.
  • the IAN GPRS protocol architecture effectively enables the tunneling of GPRS signaling and data packets through the IAN utilizing the unlicensed spectrum; the IAN-GRR protocol serves the same tunneling function as the IAN-RR protocol, but for packet-switched traffic between the mobile station 102 and SGSN 118.
  • the LAN/GPRS architecture includes two logical GPRS radio resource (RR) entities: the GPRS RLC 905 entity and the IAN GRR entity 955.
  • the IAN GRR entity is the current "serving" RR entity providing service to the logical link control 980 (LLC) layer via the designated service access point (GRR-SAP).
  • the GPRS RLC entity is detached from the LLC layer in this mode.
  • the IAN-GRR RLC entity 955 is responsible for the following tasks. First, it emulates the GPRS RLC layer 905 to provide the expected services to the upper layer protocols. Second, it coordinates with the GPRS RLC 905 entity to manage access mode switching.
  • the IAN GRR layer includes LANGPRS-SAP and GPRSLAN-SAP interface handlers for access mode switching and modified PLMN/cell reselection behavior in LAN mode.
  • the IAN GRR entity 955 provides coordination with the GPRS RLC entity 905 through an IAN GPRS-SAP, specifically for access mode switching procedures.
  • the GPRS RLC entity 905 provides coordination with the IAN GRR entity through the GPRSIAN-SAP, specifically for access mode switching procedures.
  • Figure 11 A illustrates an embodiment in which an IAN protocol architecture supports GPRS signaling.
  • the SGSN layers are conventional, well known features known in the art in regards to the GPRS network management (NM), packet flow management (PFM), base station system GPRS protocol (BSSGP), network service (NS), GPRS mobility management (GMM), logical link control (LLC), session management (SM) and short message service (SMS) interfaces.
  • the IAN-GRR protocol supports message encapsulation or tunneling functions.
  • the indoor network controller 132 is responsible for terminating the NM, PFM, GMM, BSSGP, and NS layers and for relaying LLC protocol data units (PDUs) conveying GPRS signaling between the IAN-GRR encapsulated form present on the K2 interface and the analogous Gb-interface messages.
  • the indoor base station provides simple IAN-GRR message relay functions between the Kl and K2 interfaces.
  • the IAN protocol architecture in support of GPRS signaling makes use of the ITP, SSL, TCP/IP, and IEP layers described in reference to Figure 7A.
  • GPRS data transmission may also be supported via the architecture of Figure 11 A, whereby LLC PDUs conveying GPRS data packets are relayed by the LNC and BS between the SGSN and MS.
  • Figure 1 IB illustrates an alternate embodiment in which the transport protocol on the K2 interface is not the connection-oriented TCP protocol, but is instead the connectionless UDP protocol. This approach has the advantage of improved support for application protocols that are best matched with connectionless transports (e.g., voice over IP).
  • Data transfer security over the K2 provided by SSL in Figure 11 A can be provided by IPSec as shown in Figure 1 IB.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the concept of registration used for mobility management in GSM/GPRS.
  • a MSC 116 may have more than one BSC 112 and associated base station subsystems (BSSs) linked to it, such as BSS 112-A and BSS 112-B.
  • BSSs base station subsystems
  • the coverage area is split into a plurality of logical registration areas 1205, such as 1205-x, 1205-y, and 1205-z called Location Areas (LA) (for GSM) and Routing Areas (RA) (for GPRS).
  • LA Location Areas
  • RA Routing Areas
  • a mobile station 102 is required to register with the base subsystem (BSS) of the network each time the serving location area (or routing area) changes. This provides the network with information regarding the location of the mobile station that may, for example, be used to determine which BTS 108 and BSC 112 will service the communication session.
  • BSS base subsystem
  • One or more location areas identifiers (LAls) may be associated with each visitor location register (NLR) in a carrier's network.
  • NLR visitor location register
  • RAIs routing area identifiers
  • SGS ⁇ the number of different registration areas controlled by each NLR/SGS ⁇ is decided based upon a tradeoff between minimizing network paging and location updating load.
  • a single location area/routing area 1205-y may be associated with multiple base station subsystems (BSS). If this is the case, a mobile-terminated call to a subscriber that is registered in a particular location area will result in paging requests to each BSS associated with that location area. Note that there is not necessarily a one- to-one relationship between LAI and RAI; there may be multiple GPRS routing areas within a single location area.
  • BSS base station subsystems
  • the registration concept is adapted to describe services by one or more indoor base stations 128 to facilitate roaming and handoff between the licensed wireless system and the unlicensed wireless system, as described below in more detail.
  • a set of IAN LAI/RAI pairs defines a set of at least one indoor base stations 128 under the control of one indoor network controller 132.
  • a single indoor network controller 132 may have one or more indoor base stations defining location area/routing areas 1305 and 1310 serviced by the unlicensed wireless system.
  • One or more licensed wireless service area local area/routing areas may overlap with the IAN LAI/RAI.
  • IAN Location Area and Routing Area identity or identities are shared between the IAN system and the umbrella GSM network.
  • the indoor network controller 132 may be connected to a different MSC/SGSN than those that provide the umbrella GSM/GPRS coverage.
  • the mobile set 102 is preferably provided with the IAN LAI/RAI pair that is associated with the serving indoor base station 128 by the indoor network controller 132 as part of the "IAN Registration" procedure. This information is used in the mobile set to determine Mobility Management actions while the mobile set is "switched-on" in the GSM/IAN domain; e.g., if a location update is required upon leaving the indoor coverage area.
  • a second umbrella IAN configuration illustrated in Figure, 14 Location Area and Routing Area identity or identities are not shared between the IAN system and the umbrella GSM network. Consequently, the indoor LAI and RAI 1405 may be substantially different than the outdoor LAI and RAI zones 1410 and 1415.
  • the IAN system is identified by one or a set of registration identifiers (LAI and RAI).
  • the IAN mobile station arbitrates between the two networks and avoids presenting the GSM network with an overload of registration requests during transient conditions; i.e., temporary movement into and out of the IAN network.
  • an IAN registration is performed by the mobile station 102 to manage signal load on the public land mobile network (PLMN) infrastructure.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • An IAN registration is preferably automatically performed by the mobile set on initial detection of IAN coverage or following a temporary interruption of IAN coverage under certain specific conditions. As described below in more detail, this proactive registration process facilitates seamless handoff for a variety of environments and situations that maybe encountered.
  • an IAN registration does not involve any signaling to the PLMN infrastructure and is wholly contained within the IAN system (i.e., the mobile station, indoor base station and indoor network controller).
  • the IAN registration message delivered to the indoor network controller 132 preferably includes (among other parameters): LMSI; GSM update status, and associated parameters (e.g., LAI and TMSI, if available); GPRS update status, and associated parameters (e.g., RAI and P-TMSI, if available).
  • the IAN registration procedure is also used by the indoor network controller 132 to provide the mobile station 102 with the operating parameters associated with the IAN service on the indoor base station 128.
  • This is analogous to the use of the GSM broadcast control channel (BCCH) to transmit system parameters to mobile stations in GSM cells.
  • BCCH GSM broadcast control channel
  • the information that is transmitted includes (among other parameters): IAN-LAI (Location Area Identification); IAN-RAI (Routing Area Identification); LAN-CI (Cell Identification); LAN-ARFCN value (for handover purposes); IAN-BSIC value (for handover purposes); Attach Detach Allowed (ATT) flag setting; GPRS network operating mode; CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET, used to "bias" GSM cell selection in favor of cells with the same registration area as the IAN system; BA (BCCH Allocation) List: and Timer values.
  • IAN-LAI Local Area Identification
  • IAN-RAI Ring Identification
  • LAN-CI Cell Identification
  • LAN-ARFCN value for handover purposes
  • IAN-BSIC value for handover purposes
  • Attach Detach Allowed (ATT) flag setting GPRS network operating mode
  • CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET used to "bias" GSM cell selection in favor of cells with the same registration area as the IAN system
  • BA BCCH Allocation
  • FIG. 15 illustrates several different radio environments that may be encountered by an IAN mobile station 102.
  • the GSM and IAN coverage are completely separate and non-overlapping.
  • the second possibility shows partially overlapping GSM and IAN coverage, h the final scenario, and perhaps the most common, the IAN coverage is completely encapsulated within the GSM coverage.
  • An IAN device may power on in any of these environments and may transition between coverage areas in a number of attached states.
  • the mobile station 102 scans for both
  • GSM and IAN radio coverage at power on or anytime when the mobile station 102 is idle and there is no coverage of any type. If only GSM coverage is detected, then the normal GSM mobility management procedure is initiated. If only IAN coverage is detected, then the mobile station 102 establishes a link to the indoor base station 128 and waits for a LAN-LINK- ATTACH message from the indoor base station 128. On receipt of the IAN-LINK- ATTACH message (indicating that the received signal level at the indoor base station 128 has passed a predefined threshold), the mobile station 102 performs the LAN registration procedure. Based upon the information returned, the mobile station 102 then determines if a full network registration is required and if so what type (e.g., GSM or GPRS).
  • type e.g., GSM or GPRS
  • the mobile station 102 performs the normal GSM mobility management procedure, then performs the IAN registration procedure.
  • the mobile station 102 There is also the possibility that a mobile user may initially be outside of the IAN coverage zone but eventually move into the IAN coverage zone. Consequently, in one embodiment, at anytime when the mobile station 102 is idle, in GSM coverage and there is no IAN coverage, the mobile station 102 periodically scans for LAN coverage. If LAN coverage is detected, the mobile station 102 initiates the IAN registration procedure described above.
  • IAN coverage In some environments, such as inside a building, there may be IAN coverage but no GSM coverage.
  • the mobile station 102 at anytime when the mobile station 102 is idle, in IAN coverage and there is no GSM coverage, the mobile station 102 continues to perform normal GSM PLMN search procedures. If GSM coverage is detected, the mobile station 102 records the identification of the preferred GSM cell for handover or loss of IAN coverage situations. At anytime when the mobile station is idle, in IAN coverage and there is GSM coverage, the mobile station 102 continues to perform normal GSM cell reselection procedures. [00104] In one embodiment, the mobile station 102 records the identification of the preferred GSM cell for handover or loss of IAN coverage situations.
  • a detach indication (if required by the PLMN network or normally sent by the mobile station at power off) is sent by the mobile station 102 to the PLMN via the IAN.
  • This indication is encoded per the current GSM mode of operation (e.g., GSM or GPRS).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • the mobile station 102 takes the CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET value into account in it GSM PLMN search and cell reselection procedures; i.e., the offset value "encourages" the mobile station 102 to show preference for a GSM cell in the same registration area as the indoor base station 128.
  • the system comprises a CDMA/LAN hybrid handset system in the Indoor Access Network (IAN).
  • the CDMA/LAN hybrid handset is capable of performing all standard CDMA functions on both the existing CDMA infrastructure and IAN Bluetooth or 802.11, the unlicensed-band, infrastructure equipment, hi one embodiment, in addition to fully operating on only the indoor unlicensed-band network or only the CDMA network, the hybrid handset is capable of seamlessly moving from one network to the other.
  • the higher layer operation of the phone e.g., UI,
  • a first set are those SAPs between IAN protocol entities: [00109] IAN Call Control SAP 1601 in IAN-MM 2002 1610 provides the Call Manager an entry point into the IAN signaling stack to setup/modify/tear-down calls. [00110] IAN Resource Control SAP 1602 provides the IAN
  • Mobility Manager 1610 an inter-face to control the unlicensed-band radio resources and the handset bearer resources.
  • Bluetooth LEP Service SAP 1603 provides IAN Radio
  • a second set of SAPs are those between the IAN and
  • CDMA control entities These SAPs control the mode switching of the handset between IAN and CDMA modes of operation: [00114] LAN Service Status SAP 1630 is an interface that provides the indications to the Main Control task of the availability of IAN service. These signals provide the main handset state machine with the information necessary to determine when LAN/CDMA mode switching should occur. [00115] IAN Mode Control SAP 1640 is used by the Main Control task of the handset to attach IAN MM 1610 to Call Manager 1651 interface and place the handset in and out of IAN mode of operation. Mode changes can occur as both idle mode system switching and active mode hand-offs. [00116] CDMA Mode Control SAP 1631 is used by IAN MM 1610 to relinquish control of handset operations and allow the normal handset System Determination procedure to occur.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates one embodiment of signaling plane communications of the Handset in IAN mode.
  • the handset physically communicates only with the IBS via the unlicensed-band in use (Bluetooth is illustrated in the diagram).
  • the LEP protocol provides for a logical interface for IAN-CRR 2003 messaging that occurs between the handset and the iSwitch.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 protocol provides a transport mechanism for the Al signaling (e.g., one or more messages having the Al protocol message format, such as, for example, an Al ADD message) between the handset and iSwitch.
  • FIG 17 is analogous to Figure 7a, where "IBSAP" is used in Figure 17, while “ITP” is used in Figure 7a. These both represent the same functionality.
  • IBSAP is used in Figure 17
  • ITP is used in Figure 7a.
  • SSL is shown in Figure 7a, although the description specifies the use of IPSec as an alternate security mechanism.
  • Figure 17 shows the use of IPSec. Also note that, just as in Figure 7b and the associated text describes the alternate embodiment in which the mobile station takes an additional protocol functions and the IBS is reduced to a standard WLAN access point, this alternate embodiment also applies to the CDMA system.
  • Figure 18 illustrates one embodiment of a protocol architecture used to transport the user data while the handset is in IAN mode and a packet data session is in progress. [00122] In one embodiment, all user data is encapsulated by the
  • the IEP layer provides a L2 transport function to the PPP data over the unlicensed-band radio interface to the IBS.
  • the IAN infrastructure equipment then provides routing of the PPP data stream and delivery to the appropriate Packet Data Serving Node (PDSN) via the A10 protocol.
  • PDSN Packet Data Serving Node
  • CDMA IAN hybrid handset operates in two major operating modes (i) CDMA and (ii) IAN.
  • the lower layer active task architecture of the handset varies between these two modes of operation.
  • the dashed oval represents all handset components that operate within the Main Control (MCC) task. These components are described individually herein to illustrate the reuse of mobility management components that can be achieved while the handset is in IAN mode of operation.
  • Figure 19 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a
  • CDMA mode task architecture having lower layer handset tasks and interfaces for use while in CDMA mode of operation.
  • Each of these tasks may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry, dedicated logic, etc.), software (such as is run on a general purpose computer system or a dedicated machine), or a combination of both.
  • the major software tasks in operation during the CDMA mode are: Call Manager 1901, Main Control task 1902, User Identity Module 1905, Authentication task 1906, CDMA Layer 2 task 1909, Searcher task 1911, CDMA Transmit task 1912, CDMA Receive task 1914 and Vocoder task 1913.
  • Call Manager 1901 provides primitives for all mobile originated call control functions such as originations, alerting, answering, DTMF Dialing, hook flashes, etc.
  • Main Control (MCC) task 1902 controls the overall mode of operation for the handset as well as CDMA Layer 3 call processing when the phone is in the CDMA mode of operation.
  • User Identity Module (UIM) task 1905 is a driver to the UIM hardware for read accesses to information stored on the device.
  • AUTH Authentication
  • CDMA Layer 2 (RXTX) task 1909 provides CDMA Layer 2 ARQ support for the forward and reverse dedicated signaling channels.
  • Searcher (SRCH) task 1911 interfaces with the CDMA demodulator hardware to perform system measurement scanning, pilot acquisition, paging channel camping and pilot strength measurements of CDMA systems.
  • CDMA Transmit (TX) task 1912 interfaces with the CDMA encoder hardware to provide Layer 1 transport of signaling and bearer traffic.
  • CDMA Receive (RX) task 1914 interfaces with the CDMA decoder hardware to provide reception of Layer 1 signaling and bearer traffic.
  • Vocoder (NOC) task 1913 interfaces with the vocoder hardware and provides bidirectional transport of voice frames with the RX and TX tasks.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram of one embodiment of an LAN mode task architecture having lower layer handset tasks and interfaces for use while in IAN mode of operation.
  • Main Control task 1902 also known as MCC task 1902, provides the main control state machine for the handset. In one embodiment, all power-up, power-down and mode selection processing is performed by MCC task 1902. Additionally, MCC task 1902 performs the CDMA-L3 processing for the phone. With the addition of an IAN mode of operation to the handset, MCC task 1902 take on several functions. For example, MCC task 1902 performs system determination that includes IAN systems as well as CDMA, as well as service quality monitoring of CDMA and IAN systems. MCC task 1902 performs active hand-off determination between IAN and CDMA systems, and also performs state transfer of Mobility Management information between the CDMA and IAN services during active hand-off.
  • Figure 21 is a state diagram of one embodiment of the
  • CDMA/LAN operation this is the first state in which the handset starts. From power up state 2101, the handset performs all module initialization and queries the system determination module on what to do next. During system determination state 2101, the handset consults the Priority Roaming List (PRL) to determine the order in which to scan bands and channels for the most preferred system. During system determination state 2102, the handset consults both the CDMA and LAN radio resources to determine if systems are present.
  • PRL Priority Roaming List
  • the handset consults both the CDMA and LAN radio resources to determine if systems are present.
  • the System determination module has determined that a CDMA system is the most preferred system, the state transitions from the system determination state 602 to the CDMA state 2103 in which control of the handset is granted to the CDMA state machine. [00128] Once in the CDMA state machine, in the init substate
  • the CDMA state machine enters system access sub state 2152. If the access does not require a traffic channel to be established, then all Orders/Replies shall be processed in state 2152 before returning to Idle state 2151.
  • the CDMA state machine enters traffic channel sub state 2153. Whether a call is for either voice or data, traffic channel sub state 2152 is entered when a CDMA fundamental channel is assigned.
  • the System Determination module selects IAN mode of operation MCC task 1902 of the handset is placed into IAN mode state 2104. In state 2104, all signals received by MCC task 1902 are evaluated and forwarded by the IAN mode controller.
  • IAN mode state 2104 While in IAN mode state 2104, it is the responsibility of the IAN subsystem to continually attempt to stay on the mode paging channel of the most preferred CDMA system available. To this end, an IAN mode state machine within the IAN mode state has sub-states of the IAN Mode state that are dedicated to this goal. This searching and camping process allows the handset to be capable of a LAN-CDMA active hand-off. It should be noted in one embodiment that the IAN mode controller does not attempt to duplicate the friit and Idle CDMA states, but rather uses the existing handset design in a controlled manner to find and camp on the most preferred CDMA system. [00131] While in dedicated system measure sub-state 2165, a preferred CDMA system has not been found.
  • the IAN mode controller queries the System Determination module for possible band/channel combinations in which to search for CDMA systems.
  • the band/channel tuples are handed to the Searcher task 1911 and the task waits for a reply.
  • the IAN mode controller is passing signals received from the RX task 1914 and SRCH task 1911 to the CDMA state machine. This allows the CDMA state machine to properly process the pilot, sync and paging channels of the CDMA system. Once the paging channel of the CDMA system has been completely acquired, the LAN mode state enters CDMA acquired sub-state 2163.
  • SRCH task 1911 is allowed to enter sleep mode when the IAN protocol stack is not in the dedicated mode of operation. However, while in the dedicated mode, SRCH task 1911 is fully active and monitoring the paging channel, i.e., its ready for a Hand-Out to the CDMA system at any moment.
  • the IAN mode state machine enters hand-out (HO) required sub-state 2161 to prepare the CDMA state machine (state 2103) for a handout from IAN to CDMA mode of operation.
  • Sub-state 2162 is a preparatory state used while the handset is transitioning from CDMA to LAN mode of operation with an active bearer.
  • Power Down state 2105 is entered when the handset is ordered to power down or detects a low battery condition, hi one embodiment, all tasks are gracefully shutdown, and information that must be saved is stored in non- volatile memory.
  • System determination module provides system selection control for the handset.
  • the system determination module directs IAN-MM 2002 module when the IAN system should be the serving system.
  • IAN-MM 2002 module only provides call control services when the system determination module indicates that the IAN system is the current serving system.
  • the system determination module is enhanced from the current CDMA only design to include IAN mode determination.
  • the IAN mode controller module provides routing of asynchronous, externally generated signals to IAN-MM 2002 module. When in IAN- Active mode of operation, the IAN mode controller forwards MCC received signals to IAN-MM 2002 module. In the opposite direction, the IAN mode controller provides conversion from IAN-MM 2002 signals to the appropriate MCC signals. While in the LAN- Active state of operation, this module processes signals received on command and report queues of MCC task 1902.
  • IAN-MM 2002 module is the main control task for the handset in IAN mode of operation. This task contains one embodiment of a Layer-3 Call Management state machine for the handset in this mode, h one embodiment, the only LAN mode features that IAN-MM 2002 modules is not directly involved with are the unlicensed-band LBS communications and bearer traffic.
  • IAN-MM 2002 module has many roles as the IAN air interface control, including communication peer to the iSwitch, call control server to the Call Manager module, client to the auxiliary modules AUTH, OTASP, and MCC, client to the IAN Radio Resource manager.
  • IAN-MM 2002 module also provides the setup and tear-down of these features but is not involved with the actual functioning of either feature.
  • Figure 22 is one embodiment of a state machine having
  • MM Mobility Manager
  • IAN-MM 2002 informs the Call Manager of an incoming call and transitions to Wait for Answer state 2207 to wait for a user answering of the call.
  • Bearer Connected state 2208 is entered by IAN-MM 2002 whenever a bearer connection has been established.
  • the bearer connection can be either voice or packet data
  • Bearer Connected state 2208 indicates that IAN-CRR 2003 is in the Dedicated state (i.e., in an active session) of operation.
  • Hand-Out Clearing state 2209 is used by IAN-MM 2002 when a Al-Handoff-Command is received while the a bearer service is connected. Hand-Out Clearing state 2209 is held while MCC task 1902 prepares the CDMA state machine for the bearer transition.
  • IAN-MM 2002 When an Origination request is received that indicates an OTASP call, IAN-MM 2002 shall place the Authentication state machine in OTASP mode represented by OTASP Authentication State 2301. In this mode, IAN-MM 2002 acts as an authentication relay, and all authentication exchanges are forwarded between the Access Network and the OTASP module within MCC task 1902.
  • Figure 24 illustrates one embodiment of the IAN-MM OTASP state machine. Referring to Figure 24, when IAN-MM 2002 main state machine enters registered state 2204 it triggers the OTASP state machine to enter OTASP Idle state 2401. When an Origination request for an OTASP call is received by IAN-MM 2002 the OTASP state machine is placed into OTASP Active state 2402.
  • the air interface multiplexer in order for Bluetooth events to be received by the IAN handset software, is a Bluetooth application 2007.
  • Air Interface Multiplexer 2005 can is an 802.11 client application 2006.
  • IAN-CRR interfaces with Vocoder task 1913 to either Pass forward and reverse packetized, vododed, voice traffic between the established IEP bearer and the codes, or configure the Direct Memory Access (DMA) routes of the DSP hardware to route PCM samples to/from the established Air Interface connection.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 interfaces with the data queues present in the Data Services module. Forward and reverse data traffic are enqueued and dequeeued by IAN-CRR 2003.
  • SD 1907 returns ACQ IAN as the next action for MCC task 1902 to perform, and MCC task 1902 attempts to acquire an IAN network.
  • MCC task 1902 requests IAN-MM 2005 to start.
  • IAN-MM 2005 enters the IAN system acquisition state and begins search for an LAN network.
  • IAN-MM 2005 request IAN-CRR 2003 to start.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 indicates to MCC task 1902 that an IAN system has been acquired.
  • MCC task 1902 informs the system determination subsystem that IAN system has been discovered.
  • SD 1907 returns the next action to take. In this case, the next action is to use the new IAN system.
  • Figure 38 is an exemplary message flow to provide authentication of the mobile terminal while the terminal is on the IAN network.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 receives an Al message and the message is passed to IAN-MM 2002.
  • IAN-MM 2003 decodes the Al message.
  • the Al message is an Al authentication request message and is processed.
  • IAN-MM 2002 enters the auth(entication) wait state.
  • IAN-MM 2002 sends the authentication information to AUTH task 1904 to be processed.
  • AUTH task 1904 processes the authentication information and sends the results to MCC task 1902.
  • IAN-MM 2002 starts the T3210 timer.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 receives an Al message and the message is passed to IAN-MM 2002.
  • IAN-MM 2002 decodes the Al message.
  • the Al message is an Al location updating accept message and is processed.
  • IAN-MM enters the registered state.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 sends the message to IAN-MM 2002.
  • Figure 40 illustrates an exemplary message flow to provide
  • Figure 45 illustrates an exemplary message flow to perform a CDMA to IAN idle handoff procedure to transfer the mobile station from the CDMA network to the IAN network while the mobile station is not using and dedicated channels.
  • the mobile station before the CDMA to IAN idle hand-off can happen, there must be an IEP connection.
  • the mobile station performs connection establishment, service discovery, authentication, and IEP connection procedures at some point before the hand-off starts.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 periodically requests the IEP to measure the signal strength on the IAN air interface.
  • the IEP performs an IAN air interface strength measurement.
  • the IEP completes the IAN air interface strength measurement and reports the results to IAN-CRR 2003.
  • the IAN link attachment procedure is performed.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 notifies MCC task 1902 that the IAN subsystem is registered with the LAN network.
  • MCC task 1902 informs the system determination subsystem that an IAN network has been detected.
  • SD task 1907 returns the next action to perform, and, in this case, to acquire the IAN network.
  • MCC task 1902 requests IAN-MM 2002 to activate.
  • MCC task 1902 then enters the IAN state.
  • IAN-MM 2002 determines if the IAN network and the CDMA network are in different registration zones. In this case, they are in different zones and the location updating procedure is performed.
  • IAN-MM 2002 builds an Al location updating request and requests IAN-CRR 2003 to send the Al message to the IAN network.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 send the Al message to the IAN network.
  • the IBS forwards the Al message to the iSwitch.
  • the iSwitch forwards the Al message to the MSC.
  • the MSC processes the location updating request and sends an Al location updating accept to the iSwitch.
  • the iSwitch forwards the Al message to the IBS.
  • the IBS send the Al message to the mobile station over the IAN air interface.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 passes the Al message to IAN-MM 2002.
  • IAN-MM 2002 decodes the Al location updating accept message.
  • IAN-MM 2002 has now successfully registered.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 sends a message to IAN-MM 2002.
  • Figure 46 is an exemplary message flow to perform a
  • IAN-CRR 2003 periodically requests the LEP to measure the signal strength on the IAN air interface.
  • the IEP performs an IAN air interface strength measurement.
  • the IEP completes the IAN air interface strength measurement and reports the results to IAN-CRR 2003.
  • the IAN link attachment procedure is performed.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 notifies MCC 1902 that the IAN subsystem is registered with the LAN network.
  • MCC task 1902 informs the system determination subsystem that an IAN network has been detected.
  • SD task 1907 returns the next action to perform and, in this case, to acquire the IAN network.
  • MCC task 1902 sends a pilot strength measurement report to the CDMA access network.
  • the report contains only the pilot designated as the IAN system and it is set to maximum strength.
  • the CDMA access network processes the pilot strength measurement report and it triggers a hand-off request to the MSC.
  • Figure 47 is an exemplary message flow of part two of the
  • the MSC sends an Al hand-off request to the iSwitch to request resource on the LAN network be allocated to receive a hand-off.
  • the iSwitch triggers the IAN channel activation procedure.
  • the iSwitch informs the MSC that the IAN network is ready to receive a hand-in.
  • the MSC send an Al hand-off command to the CDMA access network.
  • the CDMA access network send a message to the mobile station commanding it to hand-off to the IAN network.
  • the target system band class is set to a value, which indicates the IAN network.
  • the CDMA access network sends an Al hand-off commenced message to the MSC when it has determined that the mobile station has received the hand-off command.
  • MCC task 1902 informs IAN-MM 2002 that a hand in to IAN has been commanded.
  • MCC task 1902 enters the IAN state.
  • IAN-MM 2002 request IAN-CRR 2003 to move the bearer traffic from CDMA on to the IAN channel.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 informs IAN-MM 2002 that bearer traffic is now being transferred on the IAN channel.
  • IAN-MM 2002 builds an Al hand-off complete message and requests the IAN CRR 2003 to transfer the message.
  • IAN-CRR 2003 send the Al message to the IAN network.
  • the IBS forwards the Al message to the iSwitch.
  • the iSwitch forwards the Al message to the MSC.
  • the MSC determines the hand-off has been completed successfully.
  • the MSC sends an Al clear command to the CDMA access network to free all resource still in use on the CDMA network.
  • the CDMA access network frees the remaining resources and sends an Al clear complete message to the MSC.
  • the media and computer code may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present invention, or they may be of the kind well known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts.
  • Examples of computer-readable media include, but are not limited to: magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and holographic devices; magneto-optical media such as optical disks; and hardware devices that are specially configured to store and execute program code, such as application-specific integrated circuits ("ASICs"), programmable logic devices ("PLDs”) and ROM and RAM devices.
  • Examples of computer code include machine code, such as produced by a compiler, and files containing higher-level code that are executed by a computer using an interpreter.
  • an embodiment of the invention may be implemented using Java, C++, or other object-oriented programming language and development tools.
  • Another embodiment of the invention maybe implemented in hardwired circuitry in place of, or in combination with, machine-executable software instructions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'extension de la zone de couverture d'un système de communication sans fil autorisé, au moyen d'un système de communication non autorisé. Dans une forme d'exécution, le système comprend une station mobile, capable de fonctionner pour communiquer avec un réseau de télécommunication au moyen d'un canal de communication sans fil autorisé, desservi par le réseau de télécommunication, dans un premier mode, et un canal de communication sans fil non autorisé, dans un second mode ; une station de base, couplée de manière à communiquer avec la station mobile, via le canal de communication sans fil non autorisé ; et un contrôleur de réseau, couplé de manière à communiquer avec la station de base, et adapté pour communiquer avec le réseau de télécommunication. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la station mobile comprend une commande des communications permettant de commander une session de communication avec le réseau de télécommunication, par le contrôleur de réseau, au moyen du canal de commutation sans fil non autorisé, par échange d'information de commande des communications avec le contrôleur de réseau, via un ou plusieurs messages ayant le format de message protocole A1.
PCT/US2004/040858 2003-12-05 2004-12-06 Appareils et procedes permettant d'etendre la zone de couverture d'un systeme de communication sans fil au moyen d'un autre systeme de communication sans fil WO2005057968A1 (fr)

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US10117138B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2018-10-30 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Sleep-state for mobile terminal and service initiation for mobile terminals in sleep-state
US10278097B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2019-04-30 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Sleep-state for mobile terminal and service initiation for mobile terminals in sleep-state
US10455461B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2019-10-22 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Sleep-state for mobile terminal and service initiation for mobile terminals in sleep-state
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US10660000B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2020-05-19 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Sleep-state for mobile terminal and service initiation for mobile terminals in sleep-state
US10785689B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2020-09-22 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Sleep-state for mobile terminal and service initiation for mobile terminals in sleep-state
US8483760B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2013-07-09 Ubiquisys Limited Basestation for cellular communications system
US8849279B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2014-09-30 Ubiquisys Limited Basestation for cellular communications system
US8019331B2 (en) 2007-02-26 2011-09-13 Kineto Wireless, Inc. Femtocell integration into the macro network
US10827464B2 (en) 2016-02-05 2020-11-03 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for transmitting control data
WO2017132986A1 (fr) * 2016-02-05 2017-08-10 华为技术有限公司 Procédé et appareil destinés à transmettre des données de commande

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