WO2005057266A1 - Lens for images having great focal depth - Google Patents

Lens for images having great focal depth Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005057266A1
WO2005057266A1 PCT/DE2003/004091 DE0304091W WO2005057266A1 WO 2005057266 A1 WO2005057266 A1 WO 2005057266A1 DE 0304091 W DE0304091 W DE 0304091W WO 2005057266 A1 WO2005057266 A1 WO 2005057266A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
images
refractive power
field
focal depth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2003/004091
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen GEFFE
Norbert Schuster
Original Assignee
Vision & Control Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vision & Control Gmbh filed Critical Vision & Control Gmbh
Priority to AU2003299266A priority Critical patent/AU2003299266A1/en
Priority to DE20321310U priority patent/DE20321310U1/en
Priority to DE10394368T priority patent/DE10394368D2/en
Priority to PCT/DE2003/004091 priority patent/WO2005057266A1/en
Publication of WO2005057266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005057266A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/003Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having two lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/04Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having two components only
    • G02B9/10Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having two components only one + and one - component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lens for images with a large depth of field.
  • the invention can preferably be used for images with electronic cameras.
  • Stopping down corresponds to a magnification of the f-number k. Large depths of field are achieved for k> 5.6. Since lenses with a variable aperture are designed for the maximum aperture, the optics schemes require at least five lenses. Such lenses are complex and expensive.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lens of the type mentioned, that for use in electronic cameras is suitable, allows a large depth of field with a minimal number of refractive surfaces and is inexpensive to produce.
  • the lens consists of an optical system with an f-number k> 5.6 to achieve a large depth of field with at least one collecting component that dominates the refractive power between the aperture diaphragm and the image plane and at least one correction element that improves distortion and image field curvature, with additional ones
  • Correction elements e.g. to correct color errors
  • the correction element preferably consists of a diverging lens and / or an aspherical deformation of a refractive surface.
  • the invention is characterized by a number of advantages. These include, in particular: 1.
  • the objective manages with a minimal number of optical elements, in particular lenses, and with a fixed diaphragm.
  • the lens enables an image quality that is tailored to the digital receiver. 3. All embodiments can be used in monochrome light.
  • a design that can also be used in polychrome light can be created with simple means.
  • FIG. 1 shows an optical arrangement with a Smythian field flattening lens as a correction element
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement with a plano-concave lens as a correction element
  • FIG. 3 shows an arrangement with an aspherical deformation of the collecting optical element as a correction element
  • FIG. 4 shows an arrangement with an aspherical deformation of the collecting optical element as a correction element and with an additional chromatic radius for correcting the color errors.
  • the optical arrangement consists of at least one collecting element and the refractive power dominating optical element 2, which is attached behind the aperture 1.
  • An astigmatism-corrected image is achieved by the suitable choice of the aperture spacing, the refractive index, the radii and the thickness of the collecting element 2.
  • the remaining disturbing aberrations in the image field curvature and distortion are reduced to a harmless level by at least one correction element 3.
  • Smythsche field flattening lens is used, the curvature of which is derived from the Petzval condition. This achieves a flat image field and corrects the distortion well. This arrangement is particularly suitable for images on analog image recorders.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment in which a plano-concave lens is arranged as correction element 3, the position and curvature of which is determined in such a way that the main beam inclination behind the optical system does not exceed a predetermined maximum value.
  • An optimum between image field leveling and residual distortion can be set. This arrangement is particularly suitable for imaging on digital image recorders with microlens arrays.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.
  • an aspherical deformation of the vertex sphere of the refractive power-determining surface of the collecting optical element 2 serves as correction element 3. Since the curvature of the convex surface of the collecting optical element 2 decreases with increasing field angle, the field curvature also decreases compared to the embodiment as shown in Figure 2. At the same time, the distortion is corrected and the main jet tendency is kept low.
  • a suitable choice of the conical constants of the surface determining the force of the collecting optical element 2 and the aperture spacing a minimal circle of confusion is achieved with completely compensated distortion in the entire image field.
  • This arrangement is particularly suitable for monochrome imaging on digital image recorders with microlens arrays. With this arrangement, large field-side object angles can be realized.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 4 has all the structural features and thus all the advantages of the arrangement shown in FIG. 3.
  • Optical element 2 determining refractive power introduced.
  • This chromatic radius 4 separates optical media with the same main refractive index and different dispersions.
  • the outstanding properties of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 thus also become effective for polychromatic light (for example white light).
  • This arrangement is particularly suitable for the color projection onto digital image recorders. With this arrangement, large field angles on the object side can also be realized.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to create a lens for images having great focal depth, which can be used in electronic cameras, allows for great focal depth while using a minimum number of refractive surfaces, and can be produced at low cost. Said aim is achieved by disposing at least one focusing component which dominates the refractive power and at least one correcting element for reducing distortion and the image field curvature between the aperture diaphragm and the image plane. The invention relates to a lens for images having great focal depth.

Description

Objektiv für Abbildungen mit großer Schärfentiefe Lens for images with a large depth of field
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Objektiv für Abbildungen mit großen Schärfentiefe.The invention relates to a lens for images with a large depth of field.
Die Erfindung ist vorzugsweise für Abbildungen mit elektronischen Kameras einsetzbar.The invention can preferably be used for images with electronic cameras.
Im Stand der Technik sind Objektive mit variabler Blende, bei denen die notwendige Schärfentiefe durch Abblenden erreicht wird, bekannt. DasLenses with a variable aperture in which the necessary depth of field is achieved by stopping down are known in the prior art. The
Abblenden entspricht einer Nergrößerung der Blendenzahl k. Große Schärfentiefen werden für k > 5,6 erreicht. Da Objektive mit variabler Blende für die maximale Blendenöffnung ausgelegt sind, benötigen die Optikschemata mindestens fünf Linsen. Solche Objektive sind aufwändig und teuer.Stopping down corresponds to a magnification of the f-number k. Large depths of field are achieved for k> 5.6. Since lenses with a variable aperture are designed for the maximum aperture, the optics schemes require at least five lenses. Such lenses are complex and expensive.
Die Bedingungen für das Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Schärfentiefe mit digitalen Bildaufhehmern ist in [Ν. Schuster: Proc. SPIE 5249 (2003)] veröffentlicht. Bei Blendenzahlen k > 5,6 vereinfachen sich dieThe conditions for reaching a given depth of field with digital image recorders is in [Ν. Schuster: Proc. SPIE 5249 (2003)]. At f / 5.6, the simplify
Optikschemata im Vergleich zu Objektiven mit kleineren Blendenzahlen. Für Machine-Nision-Anwendungen sind sowohl polychromatische als auch monochrome Beleuchtungen von praktischem Interesse.Optical schemes compared to lenses with smaller f-numbers. Both polychromatic and monochrome illuminations are of practical interest for machine-vision applications.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Objektiv der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, das für den Einsatz in elektronischen Kameras geeignet ist, eine große Schärfentiefe bei minimaler Anzahl brechender Flächen ermöglicht und kostengünstig herstellbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a lens of the type mentioned, that for use in electronic cameras is suitable, allows a large depth of field with a minimal number of refractive surfaces and is inexpensive to produce.
Erfindungsgemaß wird die Aufgabe mit einem Objektiv, welches die inAccording to the invention the task with a lens, which in
Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale aufweist, gelöst.Features specified claim 1, solved.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous refinements are specified in the subclaims.
Das Objektiv besteht aus einem optischen System mit einer Blendenzahl k > 5,6 zur Erreichung einer großen Schärfentiefe mit mindestens einer sammelnden, die Brechkraft dominierenden Komponente zwischen Öffüngsblende und Bildebene und aus mindestens einem Korrekturelement, das Verzeichnung und Bildfeldkrummung verbessert, wobei zusätzlicheThe lens consists of an optical system with an f-number k> 5.6 to achieve a large depth of field with at least one collecting component that dominates the refractive power between the aperture diaphragm and the image plane and at least one correction element that improves distortion and image field curvature, with additional ones
Korrekturelemente (z. B. zur Behebung von Farbfehlern) ergänzt werden können.Correction elements (e.g. to correct color errors) can be added.
Das Korrekturglied besteht vorzugsweise aus einer Zerstreuungslinse und/oder einer asphärischen Deformation einer brechenden Fläche.The correction element preferably consists of a diverging lens and / or an aspherical deformation of a refractive surface.
Die Erfindung zeichnet sich durch eine Reihe von Vorteilen aus. Hierzu zählen insbesondere: 1. Das Objektiv kommt mit einer minimalen Anzahl von optischen Elementen, insbesondere Linsen, und mit einer Festblende aus.The invention is characterized by a number of advantages. These include, in particular: 1. The objective manages with a minimal number of optical elements, in particular lenses, and with a fixed diaphragm.
2. Das Objektiv ermöglicht eine auf den digitalen Empfänger abgestimmte Bildqualität. 3. Alle Ausführungsformen sind im monochromen Licht einsetzbar.2. The lens enables an image quality that is tailored to the digital receiver. 3. All embodiments can be used in monochrome light.
4. Mit einfachen Mitteln kann eine auch im polychromen Licht einsetzbare Ausführung geschaffen werden.4. A design that can also be used in polychrome light can be created with simple means.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
In der zugehörigen Zeichnung zeigen:In the accompanying drawing:
Figur 1 eine optische Anordnung mit einer Smythschen Bildfeldebnungslinse als Korrekturelement,FIG. 1 shows an optical arrangement with a Smythian field flattening lens as a correction element,
Figur 2 eine Anordnung mit einer Plankonkavlinse als Korrekturelement,FIG. 2 shows an arrangement with a plano-concave lens as a correction element,
Figur 3 eine Anordnung mit asphärischer Deformation des sammelnden optischen Elements als Korrekturelement und Figur 4 eine Anordnung mit asphärischer Deformation des sammelnden optischen Elements als Korrekturelement und mit zusätzlichem chromatischen Radius zur Korrektur der Farbfehler. Die optische Anordnung besteht aus mindestens einem sammelnden und die Brechkraft dominierenden optischen Element 2, das hinter der Öff ungsblende 1 angebracht ist. Durch die geeignete Wahl des Blendenabstandes, der Brechzahl, der Radien und der Dicke des sammelnden Elementes 2 wird eine astigmatismuskorrigierte Abbildung erreicht. Die verbleibenden störenden Abbildungsfehler Bildfeldkrummung und Verzeichnung werden durch mindestens ein Korrekturelement 3 auf ein unschädliches Maß verringert.3 shows an arrangement with an aspherical deformation of the collecting optical element as a correction element and FIG. 4 shows an arrangement with an aspherical deformation of the collecting optical element as a correction element and with an additional chromatic radius for correcting the color errors. The optical arrangement consists of at least one collecting element and the refractive power dominating optical element 2, which is attached behind the aperture 1. An astigmatism-corrected image is achieved by the suitable choice of the aperture spacing, the refractive index, the radii and the thickness of the collecting element 2. The remaining disturbing aberrations in the image field curvature and distortion are reduced to a harmless level by at least one correction element 3.
Bei der in Figur 1 dargestellten Anordnung wird als Korrekturelement 3 eineIn the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, a correction element 3 is used
Smythsche Bildfeldebnungslinse verwendet, deren Krümmung sich aus der Petzvalbedingung herleitet. Damit wird ein ebenes Bildfeld erreicht und die Verzeichnung gut korrigiert. Diese Anordnung ist besonders für Abbildungen auf analoge Bildaufhehmer geeignet.Smythsche field flattening lens is used, the curvature of which is derived from the Petzval condition. This achieves a flat image field and corrects the distortion well. This arrangement is particularly suitable for images on analog image recorders.
Figur 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem als Korrekturelement 3 eine Plankonkavlinse angeordnet ist, deren Position und Krümmung so bestimmt wird, dass die Hauptstrahlneigung hinter dem optischen System einen vorgegebenen Maximalwert nicht überschreitet. Ein Optimum zwischen Bildfeldebnung und Restverzeichnung ist einstellbar. Diese Anordnung ist besonders für die Abbildung auf digitale Bildaufhehmer mit Mikrolinsenarrays geeignet.FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment in which a plano-concave lens is arranged as correction element 3, the position and curvature of which is determined in such a way that the main beam inclination behind the optical system does not exceed a predetermined maximum value. An optimum between image field leveling and residual distortion can be set. This arrangement is particularly suitable for imaging on digital image recorders with microlens arrays.
Eine weitere Ausfülirungsform erläutert Figur 3. Hierbei dient als Korrekturelement 3 eine asphärische Deformation der Scheitelkugel der brechkraftbestimmenden Fläche des sammelnden optischen Elements 2. Da mit zunehmendem Feldwinkel die Krümmung der konvexen Fläche des sammelnden optischen Elements 2 abnimmt, verringert sich auch die Bildfeldwölbung gegenüber der Ausführung gemäß Figur 2. Gleichzeitig wird die Verzeichnung korrigiert und die Hauptstrahlneigung gering gehalten. Durch geeignete Wahl der konischen Konstanten der breclikraftbestimmenden Fläche des sammelnden optischen Elements 2 und des Blendenabstandes wird ein minimaler Zerstreuungskreis bei vollständig kompensierter Verzeichnung im gesamten Bildfeld erreicht. Diese Anordnung ist besonders für die monochrome Abbildung auf digitale Bildaufhehmer mit Mikrolinsenarrays geeignet. Mit dieser Anordnung sind große objektseitige Feldwinkel realisierbar.A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 3. Here, an aspherical deformation of the vertex sphere of the refractive power-determining surface of the collecting optical element 2 serves as correction element 3. Since the curvature of the convex surface of the collecting optical element 2 decreases with increasing field angle, the field curvature also decreases compared to the embodiment as shown in Figure 2. At the same time, the distortion is corrected and the main jet tendency is kept low. By a suitable choice of the conical constants of the surface determining the force of the collecting optical element 2 and the aperture spacing, a minimal circle of confusion is achieved with completely compensated distortion in the entire image field. This arrangement is particularly suitable for monochrome imaging on digital image recorders with microlens arrays. With this arrangement, large field-side object angles can be realized.
Die in Figur 4 gezeigte Anordnung weist alle konstruktiven Merkmale und damit alle Vorteile der in Figur 3 dargestellten Anordnung auf. Zusätzlich wird ein sogenannter chromatischer Radius 4 zur Korrektur der Farbfehler in das dieThe arrangement shown in FIG. 4 has all the structural features and thus all the advantages of the arrangement shown in FIG. 3. In addition, a so-called chromatic radius 4 for correcting the color errors in the
Brechkraft bestimmende optischen Element 2 eingeführt. Dieser chromatische Radius 4 trennt optische Medien mit gleicher Hauptbrechzahl und unterschiedlichen Dispersionen. Damit werden die herausragenden Eigenschaften der Anordnung nach Figur 3 auch für polychromatisches Licht (beispielsweise weißes Licht) wirksam. Diese Anordnung ist besonders für die farbige Projektion auf digitale Bildaufhehmer geeignet. Mit dieser Anordnung sind ebenfalls große objektseitige Feldwinkel realisierbar. Optical element 2 determining refractive power introduced. This chromatic radius 4 separates optical media with the same main refractive index and different dispersions. The outstanding properties of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 thus also become effective for polychromatic light (for example white light). This arrangement is particularly suitable for the color projection onto digital image recorders. With this arrangement, large field angles on the object side can also be realized.
BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Öffhungsblende1 opening cover
10 2 sammeldes optisches Element10 2 collective optical element
3 Korrekturelement chromatischer Radius3 Corrective element chromatic radius
15 15

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Objektiv für Abbildungen mit großer Schärfentiefe mit einem optischen System mit einer Blendenzahl k > 5,6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Öffungsblende (1) und Bildebene mindestens eine sammelnde, die1. Lens for images with a large depth of field with an optical system with an f-number k> 5.6, characterized in that between the aperture diaphragm (1) and the image plane at least one collecting
Brechkraft dominierende Komponente (2) und mindestens ein Korrekturelement (3) zur Verringerung von Verzeichnung und Bildfeldkrummung angeordnet sind.Refractive power-dominating component (2) and at least one correction element (3) are arranged to reduce distortion and curvature of the field.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Korrekturelement (3) eine Zerstreuungslinse angeordnet ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a diverging lens is arranged as the correction element (3).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as
Korrekturelement (3) eine asphärische Deformation der die Brechkraft bestimmenden konvexen Fläche einer Sammellinse (2) verwendet wird.Correction element (3) an aspherical deformation of the convex surface of the converging lens (2) which determines the refractive power.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der die Brechkraft dominierenden Komponente (22) und/oder am Korrekturelement (3) zusätzliche Korrektureinrichtungen • zur Behebung von chromatischen Fehlern angeordnet sind. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that additional correction devices are arranged on the component (22) dominating the refractive power and / or on the correction element (3) for correcting chromatic errors.
5. Objektiv nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Behebung der chromatischen Fehler in der sammelnde Komponente (2) ein chromatischer Radius angeordnet ist.5. Lens according to claim 4, characterized in that a chromatic radius is arranged to eliminate the chromatic errors in the collecting component (2).
6. Objektiv nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die der Öffungsblende (1) zugewandte Seite des brechkraftbestimmenden Elementes (2) gekrümmt ist. 6. Objective according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side of the refractive power-determining element (2) facing the opening diaphragm (1) is curved.
2/32.3
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0002
3/3
Figure imgf000011_0002
3.3
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000012_0001
Fig. 3Fig. 3
Figure imgf000012_0002
Figure imgf000012_0002
Fig. 4 Fig. 4
PCT/DE2003/004091 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Lens for images having great focal depth WO2005057266A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003299266A AU2003299266A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Lens for images having great focal depth
DE20321310U DE20321310U1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Objective for projection with large sharpness depth used in electronic camera, has converging lens with convex surface for determining converging power, and diverging lens with correcting features for recovery of chromatic errors
DE10394368T DE10394368D2 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Lens for pictures with great depth of field
PCT/DE2003/004091 WO2005057266A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Lens for images having great focal depth

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2003/004091 WO2005057266A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Lens for images having great focal depth

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005057266A1 true WO2005057266A1 (en) 2005-06-23

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DE (1) DE10394368D2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005057266A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5701207A (en) * 1994-12-28 1997-12-23 Konica Corporation Camera with a fixed focal length lens
US5999334A (en) * 1997-01-14 1999-12-07 Minolta Co., Ltd. Fixed focal length lens system
US6067196A (en) * 1996-01-16 2000-05-23 Minolta Co., Ltd. Zoom lens system
EP1302801A1 (en) * 2001-10-12 2003-04-16 Milestone Co., Ltd. Two-lens imaging system
EP1357414A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2003-10-29 Konica Corporation Miniature lens for image capturing and mobile terminal provided therewith
EP1367422A2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-03 Enplas Corporation Wide-angle optical system for solid image pickup element

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5701207A (en) * 1994-12-28 1997-12-23 Konica Corporation Camera with a fixed focal length lens
US6067196A (en) * 1996-01-16 2000-05-23 Minolta Co., Ltd. Zoom lens system
US5999334A (en) * 1997-01-14 1999-12-07 Minolta Co., Ltd. Fixed focal length lens system
EP1302801A1 (en) * 2001-10-12 2003-04-16 Milestone Co., Ltd. Two-lens imaging system
EP1357414A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2003-10-29 Konica Corporation Miniature lens for image capturing and mobile terminal provided therewith
EP1367422A2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-03 Enplas Corporation Wide-angle optical system for solid image pickup element

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