WO2005048650A1 - 信号受信装置及び方法 - Google Patents
信号受信装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005048650A1 WO2005048650A1 PCT/JP2004/017098 JP2004017098W WO2005048650A1 WO 2005048650 A1 WO2005048650 A1 WO 2005048650A1 JP 2004017098 W JP2004017098 W JP 2004017098W WO 2005048650 A1 WO2005048650 A1 WO 2005048650A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/326—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R27/00—Public address systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a receiving apparatus and method for receiving an incoming signal, and more particularly, to a receiving apparatus and method for extracting sound field information at a predetermined position such as a concert hall.
- a microphone array device that also serves as a microphone.
- the omnidirectional microphones By arranging the omnidirectional microphones at predetermined intervals, sharp and directional characteristics (super directivity) can be obtained. As described above, according to the microphone array device having the super directional characteristics, a signal arriving from a predetermined direction can be received.
- the wavelength becomes a long wavelength, so that it is necessary to increase the interval between the microphones. Therefore, in order to receive signals in the low frequency region, the size of the microphone array device becomes large, and it is difficult to bring the microphone into a sound field having only a small spatial region. There is a problem that information cannot be collected in the country.
- a signal receiving apparatus has a predetermined directional characteristic and receives an incoming signal.
- Receiving section a direction information extracting section for extracting direction information in the receiving direction from a signal received by the receiving section, and direction information for generating a direction information function based on the direction information extracted by the direction information extracting section.
- a function generation unit a directional characteristic function generation unit that generates a directional characteristic function based on directional sensitivity of the directional characteristics of the reception unit, a directional information function generated by the directional information function generation unit, and a directional characteristic function generation unit.
- An operation means for performing a predetermined operation based on the generated directional characteristic function is provided, and the operation result of the operation unit is obtained by extracting information of an incoming signal in each predetermined direction.
- the signal receiving method has a receiving step of receiving an incoming signal having predetermined directional characteristics, and directional information for extracting direction information in a receiving direction from the signal received in the receiving step.
- An extraction step for generating a directional information function based on the direction information extracted in the direction information extraction step, and a directional characteristic function for generating a directional characteristic function based on the directional sensitivity of the directional characteristic in the reception step.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a structure of a signal receiving device to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are diagrams showing a first configuration of a microphone of a receiving unit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing directivity characteristics of a microphone of a receiving unit.
- FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are views provided for explanation when a microphone is rotated by a turntable.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the receiving unit.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing direction information of a two-dimensional sound field received by a microphone of a receiving unit.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing direction information of a three-dimensional sound field received by a microphone of a receiving unit.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a directional characteristic of a microphone in a horizontal plane (two-dimensional).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the directional characteristics of a three-dimensional microphone.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing direction information of a two-dimensional sound field that does not include the influence of the directional characteristics of a microphone.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing direction information of a three-dimensional sound field, not including the influence of the directional characteristics of the microphone.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of an arrangement of a signal receiving device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a signal waveform diagram when signals arriving in each direction are received.
- FIG. 14 is a waveform diagram of a function obtained by extracting a signal obtained in a receiving unit in each direction and based on direction information of the extracted signal.
- FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram of a function based on direction information of the extracted signal when a signal obtained by a receiving unit is extracted in each direction when only a transmitting unit A is present.
- FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram of a function based on direction information of a signal obtained by extracting a signal obtained by a receiving unit in each direction when only a transmitting unit B is present.
- FIG. 17 is a waveform diagram of a directional characteristic function of directional information based on the directional characteristics of a microphone.
- FIG. 18 is a waveform diagram of a function based on direction information after a spatial deconvolution operation.
- FIG. 19 is an output waveform diagram in each direction based on the direction information after the spatial deconvolution operation.
- FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram of a directional characteristic function in an arbitrary direction.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram provided for explanation when measuring the impulse response for each direction by the signal receiving device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 22A and FIG. 22B are diagrams showing the directional characteristics of a microphone obtained by the measurement method described with reference to FIG. 21.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing directivity characteristics for attenuating side lobes.
- FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B are diagrams showing the effect of spatial filtering.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing directional characteristics in an arbitrary form.
- FIGS. 26A and 26B show an arbitrary signal shown in FIG. 25 according to the signal receiving apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a directional characteristic obtained by performing an operation based on the directional characteristic.
- the present invention is applied to, for example, a signal receiving device 1 having a structure as shown in FIG.
- the signal receiving device 1 includes a receiving unit 2 that receives (receives) an incoming signal at a predetermined position in a sound field, and a processing unit 3 that performs predetermined signal processing on the signal received by the receiving unit 2.
- the receiving unit 2 is arranged so that the directional directions of the eight microphones 2a-2h are directed in the a direction and the h direction.
- the microphones 2a to 2h have, for example, directional characteristics D as shown in FIG.
- signals in other directions are mixed with signals in a predetermined direction due to the directional characteristics D.
- An object of the present invention is to remove mixed signals in other directions.
- the receiving unit 2 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and a plurality of microphone microphones are arranged so as to be point-symmetrical at arbitrary intervals in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of Z or the microphones are vertically arranged in the vertical direction. They may be arranged at arbitrary intervals so as to be point-symmetrical, that is, three-dimensionally arranged.
- the receiving unit 2 may have a configuration in which one microphone 2a is arranged on the turntable 20 and the drive unit 21 rotates the turntable 20. Also, when the microphone 2a is rotated by the turntable 20, the sound center becomes a problem. As shown in FIG. 4, the center of the microphone 2a is aligned with the rotation axis A of the turntable 20 and is rotated in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, the microphone 2a may be rotated horizontally while maintaining the center of the microphone 2a at a fixed distance from the rotation axis A of the turntable 20 (FIG. 4B).
- the microphone is not pointed in all directions, and a specific direction is assumed.
- Control may be provided such that a plurality of microphones are arranged only in the range or the turntable is rotated. For example, if the forward direction is 0 degrees, the microphones are arranged point-symmetrically within the range of 30 degrees (one 30 degrees) to the left and 30 degrees (+30 degrees) to the right.
- the receiving unit 2 includes a horizontal rotation drive unit 20 that drives the microphone 2a to rotate in the horizontal direction, and a vertical rotation drive unit that drives the microphone 2a to rotate in the vertical direction.
- a configuration including a driving unit 21 and a control unit 22 that controls the horizontal rotation driving unit 20 and the vertical rotation driving unit 21 may be employed.
- the horizontal rotation drive section 20 drives the microphone 2a to rotate horizontally by an arbitrary angle under the control of the control section 22.
- the vertical rotation drive unit 21 drives the microphone 2a to rotate at an arbitrary angle in the vertical direction under the control of the control unit 22.
- the processing unit 3 performs a Fourier transform unit 11 that performs a Fourier transform on the signal received by the receiving unit 2 with respect to the direction information, and a directional characteristic of a microphone of the receiving unit 2.
- a spatial convolution unit 18 for performing an operation and an inverse Fourier transform unit 19 for performing an inverse Fourier transform on the function S2 subjected to the spatial convolution operation by the spatial convolution unit 18 are provided.
- the Fourier transform unit 11 extracts direction information in the receiving direction based on the signal supplied from the receiving unit 2. Then, the Fourier transform unit 11 performs a Fourier transform on the signal based on the extracted direction information, and generates a direction information function.
- the Fourier transform unit 11 calculates the time waveform r for each direction in the direction 0 as shown in Expression (1). (e, t) time
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , t) e jwt e 3w ⁇ dtdd h ... (1)
- t indicates time (sec)
- ⁇ indicates azimuth (rad)
- ⁇ indicates from above.
- the Fourier transform unit 11 obtains the direction information (actual direction information) of the three-dimensional sound field from the receiving unit 2, for example, as shown in equation (2)
- the Fourier transform is performed on the time waveform r (0, ⁇ , t) for each direction of ( ⁇ , 0) with respect to time and direction.
- Equation (2) is just an example of the Fourier transform of the three-dimensional directional information measured by the directional microphone.
- equation (3), equation (4) or equation (5) may be used. Expressions are also acceptable.
- the Jo J ⁇ Fourier transform unit 11 supplies the function Ml (formula (1) or (2)) subjected to the Fourier transform to the spatial decompression unit 14.
- the database 12 stores a directional characteristic function based on the directional sensitivity of the directional characteristic of the microphone of the receiving unit 2.
- the database 12 has, for example, a selection unit (not shown) for selecting a predetermined directional characteristic function according to the microphone of the reception unit 2, and supplies the directional characteristic function selected by the selection unit to the Fourier transform unit 13.
- the database 12 stores, for example, force-dioidal directional characteristics as shown in FIG. 3 as directional characteristics of the microphones 2a to 2h.
- the Fourier transform unit 13 performs a Fourier transform on the directional characteristic function of the microphone supplied from the database 12. For example, when a directional characteristic function based on the directional characteristic D as shown in FIG. 8 is supplied from the database 12, the Fourier transform unit 13 calculates the directional characteristic as shown in equation (6).
- the Fourier transform is performed on the microphone directivity m (0, t) represented by the ⁇ direction-specific waveform with respect to time and direction.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) II m ⁇ e h , t) e ⁇ jwt e- jad ⁇ dtdd h (6)
- ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) indicates a Fourier coefficient of the horizontal microphone directivity.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) indicates the Fourier coefficient of the three-dimensional microphone directivity.
- Equation (7) is merely an example of Fourier transform of three-dimensional direction information measured by a directional microphone, and may be, for example, equation (8), equation (9), or equation (10). May be used.
- the spatial decomposition unit 14 performs a spatial decomputation operation based on the function Ml (formula (1)) supplied from the Fourier transform unit 11 and the function M2 (formula (6)) supplied from the Fourier transform unit 13. .
- “/” is a symbol representing a spatial deconvolution operation.
- the spatial deconvolution unit 14 performs spatial deconvolution based on the function Ml (Equation (2)) supplied from the Fourier transform unit 11 and the function M2 (Equation (7)) supplied from the Fourier transform unit 13.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) IM oJ h , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) .- (1 2)
- S (co, ⁇ , ⁇ ) is 3D directional information h that does not include the effects of directional characteristics
- the spatial deconvolution unit 14 supplies the function S1 (Equation (11) or (12)) subjected to the spatial deconvolution operation to the inverse Fourier transform unit 15 and the spatial convolution unit 18.
- the inverse Fourier transform unit 15 performs an inverse Fourier transform on the function S1 (Equation (11)) to which the spatial deconvolution unit 14 is also supplied.
- s (fl, is the directional characteristic of the microphone in two dimensions, h, as shown in Fig. 10.
- the inverse Fourier transform unit 15 performs an inverse Fourier transform on the three-dimensional directivity characteristic of the function S 1 (Equation (12)) supplied to the spatial decompression unit 14.
- Equation (12) the function supplied to the spatial decompression unit 14.
- the signal output from the inverse Fourier transform unit 15 removes, in each direction, a signal received by one microphone of the receiving unit 2 due to the influence of the directional characteristics of the microphone and a signal in the other direction.
- the signal is obtained only in an arbitrary direction.
- the database 16 has a directional characteristic function for an arbitrary direction.
- the database 16 has, for example, a selector (not shown) for selecting one directional function from the database 16, and supplies the directional function selected by the selector to the Fourier transformer 17. . Since the directional characteristic function stored in the database 16 is an arbitrary function, for example, it is possible to specify a directional characteristic function in a form difficult for a real microphone due to physical restrictions. Specific examples will be described later.
- the database 16 may have a function of generating a directional characteristic function in an arbitrary direction.
- the Fourier transform unit 17 calculates the directional characteristics w ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) as shown in equation (16) based on the directional characteristics function (hereinafter referred to as “weight function”) for an arbitrary two-dimensional direction supplied from the database 16.
- weight function the directional characteristics function
- W (o) and ⁇ ) indicate the Fourier coefficients of the weighting function in the horizontal plane in the directions 0 and 0.
- the Fourier transform unit 17 performs a Fourier transform on the directional characteristics w (S, ⁇ , t) with respect to time and direction as shown in Expression (17) based on the three-dimensional weight function supplied from the database 16.
- Equation (17) is merely an example of Fourier transform of three-dimensional direction information measured by a directional microphone, and for example, equation (18), equation (19), or equation (20) may be used. Other expressions may be used.
- W ⁇ w h , v ,) ⁇ J " ⁇ w ⁇ 0 h , 0 v , t) e- jM e ⁇ JwA e ' JuA dtde h se v de v .
- the Fourier transform unit 17 performs the Fourier-transformed function M3 ((16) or (17) ) Is supplied to the spatial composition unit 18.
- the spatial convolution section 18 is based on the function SL (Equation (11)) supplied from the spatial deconvolution section 14 and the function M3 (Equation (16)) supplied from the Fourier transform section 17 based on (21) Perform a two-dimensional spatial composition operation as shown in the equation.
- the spatial composition unit 18 is based on the function S1 (Equation (12)) supplied from the spatial deconvolution unit 14 and the function M3 (Equation (17)) supplied from the free-space conversion unit 17. Then, a three-dimensional spatial convolution operation is performed.
- SJV (a; h , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) S ⁇ h , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) ⁇ W ( h , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) '(22)
- SW (co, ⁇ , ⁇ ) is It shows the Fourier coefficients of the three-dimensional direction information weighted for each direction without including the influence of the directional characteristics of the microphone used in the receiving unit 2.
- the spatial convolution unit 18 supplies the Fourier-transformed function S2 (Equation (21) or (22)) to the inverse Fourier transform unit 19.
- the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 performs an inverse Fourier transform on the function S2 (Equation (21)) supplied from the spatial composition unit 18. '
- the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 performs an inverse Fourier transform on the function S2 (formula (22)) supplied from the spatial convolution unit 18 with respect to the three-dimensional directivity characteristics.
- the following equation (24) corresponds to the above-described equations (17) and (18).
- the following expression (25) is obtained (it may be a case other than the following expression.)
- the expression (25) is the same as the above expression (19) or (20). It is a response.
- sw (0, ⁇ , t) is the influence of the directional characteristics of the microphone used in the receiver 2.
- hvhv, ⁇ indicates the Fourier coefficient of the three-dimensional direction information weighted for each direction without including the influence of the directional characteristics of the microphone.
- the signal output from the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 is a signal received in an arbitrary direction and with an arbitrary directivity.
- the signal receiving device 1 is arranged at the center of the room, and the microphones 2a to 2h of the power receiving unit 2 are arranged so that the directivity directions are directed in the directions a to h. It is assumed that there is a transmitting unit A for transmitting a music signal in the a direction, and a transmitting unit B for generating noise in the c direction.
- FIGS. 13 (A) to 13 (H) the receiving unit 2 receives signals coming from the directions a to h by the microphones 2a to 2h, respectively.
- FIG. 13 shows a waveform display for about 7 seconds from the start of reception.
- each microphone 2a to 2h mixes a signal in a predetermined direction with a signal in another direction due to its own directional characteristics, and the overall The signal in which the noise transmitted from the transmitter B arranged in the c direction is superimposed is received according to the direction of each direction.
- Fig. 13 (A) shows the signal waveform when trying to receive a signal coming from direction a by the microphone 2a.
- FIG. 13B shows a signal waveform when the signal coming from the direction b is received by the microphone 2b
- FIG. 13C shows a signal waveform coming from the direction c by the microphone 2c
- 13 (D) is a signal waveform when trying to receive a signal in which the direction d force also comes from the microphone 2d
- FIG. 13 (E) is Fig. 13 (F) shows the signal waveform when trying to receive the signal coming from direction e by microphone 2e.
- Figure 13 (F) shows the signal waveform when trying to receive the signal coming from direction f by microphone 2f
- FIG. 13 (G) is a signal waveform when trying to receive a signal arriving from the direction g by the microphone 2g
- FIG. 13 (H) is a signal waveform arriving from the direction h by the microphone 2h. Signal when trying to receive the incoming signal Signal waveform.
- the Fourier transform unit 11 extracts the signal obtained by the receiving unit 2 in each direction (each microphone), and generates a function based on the direction information of the extracted signal (FIG. 14). This function is based on the directional information of the tone signal received by each of the microphones 2a-2h when only the transmitter A is present (Fig. 15), and the function of each microphone 2a-1h when only the transmitter B is present. And a function (Fig. 16) based on the direction information of the received noise.
- the Fourier transform unit 13 Based on the directional characteristics of the microphone of the receiving unit 2 stored in the database 12, the Fourier transform unit 13 generates a directional characteristic function of the directional information, as shown in FIG. A spatial deconvolution operation is performed based on a function obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the directional function shown in FIG. 14 generated by the Fourier transform unit 11 and a function obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the directional function shown in FIG. 17 generated by the Fourier transform unit 13, The function shown in Fig. 18 is generated.
- FIG. 18 shows that the signal source (transmitting unit) exists only in the direction a and the direction c when viewed from the receiving unit 2.
- FIGS. 19A to 19H show output waveforms in the directions a to h after the spatial deconvolution operation and the inverse Fourier transform are performed. From the signal waveform shown in Fig. 19 (A), it is possible to know the information such as the amplitude, volume, reverberation, timbre, attenuation, etc. of the signal (tone signal) that also arrives at the signal source power in direction a. From the signal waveform shown in (), it is possible to know information such as the amplitude, volume, reverberation, timbre, attenuation, etc. it can. Also, from the signal waveforms shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 19 (A) shows a signal waveform when a signal arriving only from direction a is received
- FIG. 19 (B) shows a signal waveform when a signal arriving only from direction b is received
- Fig. 19 (C) shows a signal waveform when a signal is coming in only in direction c
- Fig. 19 (D) shows a signal waveform when a signal is coming in only in direction d
- FIG. 19 (E) is a signal waveform when a signal arriving only in direction e is received
- FIG. 19 (F) is a signal waveform arriving only in direction f
- Fig. 19 (G) is a signal waveform when a signal is coming in only direction g
- Fig. 19 (H) is a signal waveform when a signal is coming only in direction h. This is the signal waveform when the incoming signal is received.
- the signal receiving apparatus 1 selects, for example, an arbitrary direction directivity function from the database 16 for extracting a signal in which a force arrives only in the direction a and the direction e as shown in FIG.
- the function is Fourier transformed by the Fourier transform unit 17.
- the spatial convolution unit 18 performs a spatial composition operation based on the function shown in FIG. 18 and the function shown in FIG. 20, and extracts only a signal in which a force arrives only in the direction a and the direction e. That is, by storing a function of an arbitrary directional pattern in the database 16, it is possible to receive signals based on the directional characteristics of various patterns without depending on the directional characteristics of the microphone constituting the receiving unit 2. Become.
- the speaker SP is arranged in an arbitrary direction, and a signal emitted from the speaker SP is measured by the signal receiving device 1 according to the present invention to measure the impulse response in each direction.
- the signal receiving device 1 employs the receiving unit 2 (rotating the microphone 2a on the turntable 20) shown in FIG. 2B, and rotates the microphone 2a in the horizontal 64 directions (steps of 5.625 degrees). The impulse response in the direction was measured.
- a 500 Hz tone burst signal and a 2 kHz tone burst signal were output from the speaker SP, and each measurement was performed. All data is synchronized in time.
- FIG. 22A shows the result measured with a 500 Hz tone burst signal by the signal receiving apparatus 1 according to the present invention
- FIG. 22B shows the result measured with a 2 kHz tone burst signal. See Figure 22B.
- FIG. 22A shows the cardioid directivity before the processing
- FIG. 22B shows the cardioid directivity before processing
- the directivity after processing is indicated by “A ′”.
- the sharp sidelobe generated around ⁇ 10 dB is a result of divergence of the solution of the spatial deconvolution operation performed in the spatial deconvolution unit 14. Therefore, a method of attenuating a sharp side groove by a spatial low-pass filter having a directional characteristic as shown in FIG. 23 will be described. In the following, description will be made using a two-dimensional model.
- the directional characteristic function shown in FIG. 23 is stored in the database 16, the directional characteristic function is selected by a selector (not shown), and the selected directional function is supplied from the database 16 to the Fourier transform unit 17. You.
- the Fourier transform unit 17 Fourier-transforms the directional characteristic w ( ⁇ , t) with respect to time and direction as shown in Expression (16) based on the directional characteristic function supplied from the database 16.
- the Fourier transform unit 17 supplies the function M3 obtained by the Fourier transform to the spatial convolution unit 18.
- the spatial convolution section 18 has a function S1 (a function in which sharp sidelobes are generated as shown in FIG. 22) to which the spatial deconvolution section 14 is also supplied and a function M3 supplied from the Fourier transform section 17. Based on this, a two-dimensional spatial convolution operation is performed as shown in equation (21).
- the spatial convolution unit 18 supplies the function S2 after the two-dimensional spatial convolution operation to the inverse Fourier transform unit 19.
- the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 performs an inverse Fourier transform on the function S2 supplied from the spatial convolution unit 18.
- the results obtained by the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 are shown in FIGS. 24A and 24B.
- FIG. 24A the cardioid directivity before the processing is indicated by “A”, and the directivity after the processing is indicated by “A ′”.
- FIG. 24B the cardioid directivity before the process is indicated by “A”, and the directivity after the process is indicated by “A ′”.
- the directional characteristics obtained by such spatial filtering are the directional characteristics before filtering. Force is inferior to sharpness (Fig. 22)
- the sharpness of the side lobe which is considered to be the divergence of the solution due to spatial deconvolution operation, can be suppressed.
- the side lobes when measuring a 2kHz tone burst signal (Fig. 24B) are almost completely eliminated by spatial filtering.
- the database 16 stores a directional characteristic function F1 of 45 degrees, a directional characteristic function F2 of 90 degrees, and a directional characteristic function F3 of 180 degrees shown in FIG.
- a directional characteristic function at an arbitrary angle is selected by a selection unit (not shown), and the selected directional characteristic function is supplied from the database 16 to the Fourier transform unit 17.
- the Fourier transform unit 17 Fourier-transforms the directional characteristic w ( ⁇ , t) with respect to time and direction as shown in Expression (16) based on the directional characteristic function supplied from the database 16.
- the Fourier transform unit 17 supplies the function M3 obtained by the Fourier transform to the spatial convolution unit 18.
- the spatial convolution part 18 Based on the function S1 supplied with the space deconvolution part 14 and the function M3 supplied from the Fourier transform part 17, the spatial convolution part 18 obtains a two-dimensional spatial convolution as shown in equation (21). Performs a calculation.
- the spatial convolution unit 18 supplies the function S2 after the two-dimensional spatial convolution operation to the inverse Fourier transform unit 19.
- the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 performs an inverse Fourier transform on the function S2 supplied from the spatial convolution unit 18. The results obtained by the inverse Fourier transform unit 19 are shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B.
- FIG.26A shows the measurement result when a 500 Hz tone burst signal is output from the speaker SP.
- the directional characteristic function F1 at 45 degrees is F1 '
- the directional characteristic function F2 at 90 degrees is F2
- the directional characteristic function F3 of 180 degrees is F3 '.
- FIG. 26B shows a measurement result when a 2 kHz tone burst signal is output from the speaker SP.
- the directional characteristic function F1 at 45 degrees is F1 "
- the directional characteristic function F2 at 90 degrees is F2 "
- the directional characteristic function F3 of 180 degrees becomes F3".
- the signal receiving apparatus 1 according to the present invention is based on the function obtained by performing the Fourier transform on the direction information of the signal received by the receiving unit 2 and the sensitivity of the microphone constituting the receiving unit 2 for each direction.
- the signal receiving device 1 according to the present invention increases the number of microphones constituting the receiving unit 2 or sets the angle of the turntable 20 shown in FIG. By limiting the range of reception, for example, super directional characteristics can be realized, and the transmission direction of a signal can be extracted very precisely. Therefore, by applying the signal receiving apparatus 1 according to the present invention, it is possible to find out the source of a specific signal (noise) at a predetermined location. Also, when many sound sources are mixed, for example, it is possible to extract only the sound of a specific instrument and record the medium of the orchestral performance. That is, the signal receiving device 1 according to the present invention can be applied as a sound source searching device and a sound collecting device.
- the signal receiving device 1 is arranged in a small place even when receiving a signal in a low frequency band, because the size of the device is not increased unlike the related art. Can collect sound field information in any place.
- the directivity can be controlled to have an arbitrary shape.
- the signal received by the receiving unit 2 is set to an audible frequency band. Applicable to signals.
- the signal receiving apparatus and method according to the present invention since the difference in the directional characteristics for each frequency is canceled by the spatial deconvolution operation, the same directional characteristics can be obtained at each frequency. Further, the signal receiving apparatus and method according to the present invention can realize sharp and directional characteristics exceeding the directional characteristics of the original directional microphone used.
- the signal receiving apparatus and method according to the present invention measure directional information from an arbitrary point in a sound field, so that a spatial size is not required. Sharp directional characteristics can be obtained.
- the signal receiving apparatus and method according to the present invention can arbitrarily control a desired directional characteristic by performing a spatial convolution operation on a desired directional characteristic with respect to a spatial deconvolution result.
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JP2002084590A (ja) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-22 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 収音装置、収音・音源分離装置及び収音方法、収音・音源分離方法並びに収音プログラム、収音・音源分離プログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
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2004
- 2004-11-17 WO PCT/JP2004/017098 patent/WO2005048650A1/ja active Application Filing
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05260590A (ja) * | 1992-03-10 | 1993-10-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 音場の方向情報抽出方法 |
JPH07168587A (ja) * | 1992-10-13 | 1995-07-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 音環境疑似体験装置及び音環境解析方法 |
JP2002084590A (ja) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-22 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 収音装置、収音・音源分離装置及び収音方法、収音・音源分離方法並びに収音プログラム、収音・音源分離プログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
JP2003140671A (ja) * | 2001-11-05 | 2003-05-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 混合音の分離装置 |
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JPWO2005048650A1 (ja) | 2007-05-31 |
JP4780497B2 (ja) | 2011-09-28 |
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