WO2005032209A2 - Procede et systeme pour reperer, a l'aide d'ecouteurs, des evenements sonores, de sorte qu'ils aient une direction spatiale constante - Google Patents

Procede et systeme pour reperer, a l'aide d'ecouteurs, des evenements sonores, de sorte qu'ils aient une direction spatiale constante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005032209A2
WO2005032209A2 PCT/EP2004/010338 EP2004010338W WO2005032209A2 WO 2005032209 A2 WO2005032209 A2 WO 2005032209A2 EP 2004010338 W EP2004010338 W EP 2004010338W WO 2005032209 A2 WO2005032209 A2 WO 2005032209A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
head
aural
listener
movement
signals
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PCT/EP2004/010338
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English (en)
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WO2005032209A3 (fr
Inventor
Ernst F. SCHRÖDER
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Thomson Licensing
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Licensing filed Critical Thomson Licensing
Publication of WO2005032209A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005032209A2/fr
Publication of WO2005032209A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005032209A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
    • H04S1/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
    • H04S1/005—For headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/303—Tracking of listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/304—For headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/01—Multi-channel, i.e. more than two input channels, sound reproduction with two speakers wherein the multi-channel information is substantially preserved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/01—Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the binaural reproduction of aural events using headphones.
  • the invention relates to headphones which detect the rotational movements of the head and are used to keep the position of a virtual sound source outside the head constant.
  • In-head localization involves sound sources being mapped virtually inside the head, which sound sources would be mapped on a virtual stage in front of the listener if the aural events were reproduced on loudspeakers situated in front of the listener.
  • the localization of individual sound sources in the aural event is thus complicated or even impossible.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of the reproduction of a sound event on two loudspeakers 2, 3 arranged in front of a listener 1.
  • a preferred direction in this arrangement is at the front as seen from the trunk.
  • the preferred direction is indicated by a dashed arrow 4.
  • the sound event is represented by symbolic wavefronts which are shown in the figure by concentric circle segments emanating from the loudspeakers 2 and 3.
  • the sound event can be localized at the left and right ears of the listener as a result of the amplitude, propagation-time and phase differences and also as a result of different frequency components in the signals from the left and right loudspeakers.
  • the virtual direction from which the sound event is heard is indicated by the arrow 6.
  • the listener 1 has changed position.
  • the loudspeakers 2, 3 are on his left.
  • the preferred direction 4 is pointing to the right.
  • the virtual position 6 of the sound source in the listening room remains constant.
  • the aural event is perceived to come from the left.
  • the aforementioned factors of propagation time, amplitude, phase and frequency can be converted into a transfer function, which is also referred to as the HRTF or HRT function
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic illustration of in-head localization.
  • the loudspeakers 8, 9 are arranged on the head such that they can move with it, as is normal for headphones.
  • the signals in the left channel L and in the right channel R are sent only to the respective left and right ears.
  • the sound event is shown by concentric circle segments which represent wavefronts of the sound.
  • the signals in the channel which is intended for one ear are not sent to the respective other ear.
  • the listener obtains the impression that the sound event is playing inside his head, as indicated by the point 7.
  • the listener has changed his position, as in Figure 2. However, since the loudspeakers have likewise changed position, nothing changes about the perceived direction of the sound event.
  • FIGs 5 and 6 schematically show the situation described above.
  • headphones 8, 9 supply the left and right ears of the listener 1 with signals which contain not only the signals L, R which are respectively intended for the left and right ears but also portions of the signals L(HRTF), R(HRTF) which are respectively intended for the other ear.
  • This inherently positive property may be perceived as a drawback when the listener is not sitting still and is listening to a performance.
  • the aural event remains virtually still in space whenever there is a change of direction. If the listener now changes direction, then the virtual direction from which the listener hears the aural event also changes. So as now to hear the aural event from the preferred direction again, that is say normally from the front, it is known practice to set the normal direction or preferred direction manually. When the listener is frequently changing direction, however, this method is inconvenient.
  • changes in the position of the listener or of his head which are for a limited time or are relatively frequent are detected and a control variable is derived therefrom.
  • the head points in one preferred direction when listening to aural events, normally forwards in the direction of the front of the trunk.
  • a change in the position of the listener which is for a limited time or is relatively frequent is when the listener turns his head, for example.
  • the signals for the left and right ears are adjusted, on the basis of the position of the listener or of his head, using variable filters for the HRT function such that the direction from which the aural event appears to come remains stable in space, that is to say has a constant spatial direction.
  • a change in the position of the listener which is for a longer time or is relatively infrequent results in the direction from which the aural event appears to come being matched to the new preferred direction.
  • the transfer path for the control variable for the position to the variable filters for the HRT function comprises a high-pass filter.
  • a filter tracking circuit which actuates the variable HRT filters.
  • changes which are for a relatively long time or are relatively infrequent are forwarded merely in attenuated form.
  • Changes of direction which are larger in terms of magnitude result in the preferred direction being corrected after a certain time according to the time constant of the high-pass filter.
  • One advantageous cut-off frequency for the high-pass filter is in the order of magnitude of 0.1 Hz. Depending on listening habits or the desired effect, however, other cut-off frequencies are also conceivable.
  • the absolute position of the listener is determined using a beacon transmitter, which is arranged stationary in the listening room, and two receivers, which are arranged on the head or on the headphones and on the trunk of the listener.
  • the beacon transmitter radiates a beacon signal which is received by the receivers.
  • a control circuit evaluates properties of the beacon signal received by the receivers and uses these to ascertain the relative position of the head in relation to the trunk.
  • the beacon signal used may be radio signals, light signals or ultrasonic signals, or combinations of these.
  • the beacon signals are preferably in modulated form. Evaluatable properties of the beacon signal are, by way of example, the amplitude, the phase, the propagation time or combinations of these.
  • the ascertained position of the head is forwarded to the variable HRT filters as a control variable for adjusting the virtual position of the aural event.
  • the absolute position of the listener is ascertained by evaluating the earth's magnetic field or by an inertia sensor. Changes in the signals from a suitable receiver for the earth' s magnetic field can immediately be translated into a changed absolute direction.
  • the inertia sensor e.g. an acceleration pickup or a gyroscope system, shows, depending on complexity, changes of direction about one or more axes. The changes of direction or the changed absolute direction is/are supplied to the control circuit for controlling the variable HRTF filters.
  • the absolute position in space can also be detected by evaluating GPS (Global Positioning System) signals.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the preferred direction is matched to an altered position for the listener according to the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter.
  • the position of the head of the listener relative to the trunk is determined.
  • a beacon transmitter is attached to the trunk of the listener and a receiver is provided on the head or on the headphones.
  • the beacon signals are identical to those from the exemplary embodiments described above. Since the preferred direction normally points forwards from the trunk, and the head is not normally turned from the preferred direction for a relatively long time, the preferred direction is not reset in the case of this method.
  • a magnetic field produced by the beacon transmitter can serve as the beacon signal.
  • the orientation of the field lines and/or the strength of the magnetic field can be evaluated in order to ascertain the position of the head of the listener.
  • a playback appliance worn on the listener' s body and the headphones are equipped with means for determining the absolute position in space.
  • the difference between the position signals from the playback appliance and the headphones is forwarded to the control unit, the difference essentially corresponding to the rotation of the head with respect to the trunk.
  • Playback appliances worn on the body within the scope of the invention include, inter alia, portable CD players, MP3 players and radio receivers.
  • portable CD players include, inter alia, portable CD players, MP3 players and radio receivers.
  • any appliances which are suitable for reproducing audio information may be used within the scope of the invention. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a first schematic illustration of the directional location of aural events in the case of stereophonic reproduction via loudspeakers
  • Figure 2 shows a second schematic illustration of the directional location of aural events in the case of stereophonic reproduction via loudspeakers
  • Figure 3 shows a first schematic illustration of in- head localization in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 4 shows a second schematic illustration of in- head localization in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 5 shows a first schematic illustration of the virtual localization of aural events outside the head in the case of reproduction via headphones
  • Figure 6 shows a second schematic illustration of the virtual localization of aural events outside the head in the case of reproduction via headphones
  • Figure 7 shows a first schematic illustration of the virtual localization of aural events outside the head in the case of reproduction via headphones while taking into account the head position
  • Figure 8 shows a second schematic illustration of the virtual localization of aural events outside the head in the case of reproduction via headphones while taking into account the head positions
  • Figure 9 shows a first schematic illustration of the detection of the absolute head position in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 10 shows a second schematic illustration of the detection of the absolute head position in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 11 shows a third schematic illustration of the detection of the absolute head position and of the tracking of a preferred direction for an aural event in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones;
  • Figure 12 shows a first schematic illustration of the detection of the relative head position in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 13 shows a second schematic illustration of the detection of the relative head position in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 14 shows a third schematic illustration of the detection of the relative head position in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones
  • Figure 15 shows a schematic illustration of an arrangement for tracking the virtual direction of an aural event when detecting the relative head position
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic illustration of an arrangement for tracking the virtual direction of an aural event when detecting the absolute head position.
  • Figures 9, 10 and 11 show schematic illustrations of the detection of the absolute head position in the case of reproduction of aural events via headphones.
  • Figure 9 shows the initial situation.
  • a listener 1 is wearing headphones 11 for binaural reproduction of aural events.
  • the headphones 11 are fitted with a sensor 12.
  • a further sensor 16 is fitted on the body of the listener 1.
  • a fixed point 13 situated in the listening room emits a beacon signal.
  • the beacon signal is indicated by dashed arrows from the beacon transmitter 13 in the direction of the sensors 12 and 16.
  • the arrows enclose an angle ⁇ l.
  • the position of the head in relation to the trunk can be determined by the differences in the positions of the sensors 12 and 16 in relation to the fixed point 13.
  • a signal source (not shown in Figure 9) delivers an audio signal to the headphones 11.
  • the nature of the audio signal is such that the listener 1 perceives an aural event as coming from the direction 6.
  • the dashed arrow 4 indicates a preferred direction from which aural events are normally heard as a preference.
  • the listener's head is turned to the right from the preferred direction.
  • the headphones 11 and hence also the sensor 12 are likewise turned from their original position.
  • the sensor 12 receives the beacon signal from the test transmitter 13 at the new position.
  • the sensor 16 receives the beacon signal at the original position.
  • the rotation of the head and the associated spatial shift of the sensor 12 are indicated by the angle ⁇ 2 between the dashed arrows from the beacon transmitter 13 to the positions of the sensors 12 and 16.
  • a signal representing the rotation of the head is forwarded to the audio signal's signal source (not shown in Figure 10) or to a control circuit (likewise not shown) .
  • the control circuit containing variable HRTF filters adjusts the audio signals for the left and right ears of the listener 1 such that the aural event is perceived as coming unchanged from the direction 6.
  • the unchanged position of the trunk of the listener 1 in comparison with Figure 9 indicates that the rotation of the head is taking place for limited time or quickly.
  • the listener from Figures 9 and 10 has turned his body to the right.
  • the ' change in the position of the sensors 12 and 16 in relation to the fixed point of the beacon transmitter 13 results in an angle ⁇ 3 between the arrows which represent the beacon signal.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 has altered with respect to the angle ⁇ l, the position of the head in relation to the trunk or of the sensors 12 and 16 in relation to one another can be determined as unchanged.
  • the preferred direction 4 has likewise been rotated.
  • the rotation of the trunk of the listener 1 is normally a movement for a longer time or which lasts longer than the rotation of the head.
  • a high-pass filter (not shown in Figure 11) in the control circuit results in the direction from which the aural event appears to come initially remaining still at the position 6' .
  • variable HRTF filters are then adjusted such that the aural event is perceived as coming from the direction 6 again.
  • virtual directions 6' ' are transitionally possible in this case.
  • Figures 12, 13 and 14 show a further refinement of the inventive arrangement or of the inventive method.
  • Figure 12 shows the initial situation.
  • a listener 1 uses headphones 11 to perceive an aural event as co ing from the direction 6.
  • the source of the audio signal and the control circuit for localizing aural events outside the head are not shown in the figure.
  • the preferred direction is indicated by the dashed arrow .
  • the headphones 11 are fitted with a sensor 12.
  • a beacon transmitter 14 is fitted to the trunk of the listener.
  • the beacon transmitter 14 may be in the form of a stand-alone beacon transmitter or in the form of part of the signal source.
  • the position of the beacon transmitter on the trunk of the listener 1 is restricted merely by the type of beacon signals used.
  • a plurality of beacon transmitters and/or a plurality of sensors may also be provided.
  • the sensor 12 detects its position in relation to the relative fixed point of the beacon transmitter 14.
  • the head of the listener 1 is turned from its original position.
  • the sensor 12 detects the change in its position in relation to the relative fixed point 14.
  • the signal representing the change of position is routed to the variable HRTF filters in the control circuit (not shown in the figure) .
  • the control circuit adjusts the audio signals for the left and right ears such that the aural event is perceived as coming from the direction 6.
  • the preferred direction 4 like the direction 6, is unchanged from Figure 12.
  • the listener 1 has turned his entire body.
  • Figure 15 shows a schematic illustration of an arrangement for tracking the virtual direction of an aural event.
  • Audio signals AudioL, AudioR coming from a source which is not shown in the figure are sent to a control circuit HRTF which processes the audio signals in line with a head-related transfer function (HTRF) .
  • a signal RP representing the position of the head in relation to the trunk of the listener is supplied to the control circuit HRTF.
  • the HRTF control circuit produces output signals for the left and right channels, which permit virtual localization of the reproduced aural event, taking into account the relative position of the head in relation to the trunk.
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic illustration of an arrangement for tracking the virtual direction of an aural event, with the absolute position of the listener in the listening room being detected.
  • a control circuit HRTF is supplied with audio signals for the left and right channels.
  • the control circuit HRTF is supplied with a signal AP representing the absolute position via a high-pass filter 21.
  • HRTF outputs signals for the left and right channels which have been altered on the basis of the signal AP such that it is possible to perceive an aural event to have a stable spatial direction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de repérer des événements sonores, qui sont reproduits par l'intermédiaire d'écouteurs (11), à placement virtuel à l'extérieur de la tête d'un auditeur (1), de sorte qu'ils aient une direction spatiale constante. Les signaux audio sont influencés par une fonction de transfert asservie aux mouvements de la tête (HRTF), de sorte que la localisation intracrânienne qui est caractéristique de la reproduction par écouteurs soit évitée. Afin d'éviter l'effet d'un événement sonore qui se déplace avec les mouvements de la tête, le mouvement de la tête est détecté et les signaux prévus pour le canal gauche et pour le canal droit des écouteurs (11) sont ajustés de sorte que la direction (6) d'où l'événement sonore semble provenir demeure constante. La position de la tête est détectée, soit par rapport au tronc de l'auditeur (1), soit spécifiquement dans l'espace d'écoute. Lors de la détection de la position absolue de la tête, le signal de position est acheminé par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre passe-haut (21), de sorte que des changements rapides intervenant dans la position de la tête pour une période relativement courte soient envoyés à un circuit de poursuite de filtre. Des changements de position de la tête pour un résultat de période plus importante, selon le temps de transfert du filtre passe-haut (21), donnent lieu à la correction d'une direction préférée (4) d'où l'événement sonore est perçu. L'invention concerne par ailleurs un système permettant de mettre ledit procédé en oeuvre.
PCT/EP2004/010338 2003-09-29 2004-09-15 Procede et systeme pour reperer, a l'aide d'ecouteurs, des evenements sonores, de sorte qu'ils aient une direction spatiale constante WO2005032209A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10345190.0 2003-09-29
DE2003145190 DE10345190A1 (de) 2003-09-29 2003-09-29 Verfahren und Anordnung zur raumrichtungskonstanten Ortung von Hörereignissen mittels Kopfhörern

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WO2005032209A2 true WO2005032209A2 (fr) 2005-04-07
WO2005032209A3 WO2005032209A3 (fr) 2005-06-23

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Cited By (14)

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WO2007095994A1 (fr) * 2006-02-23 2007-08-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh module audio pour circuit de Surveillance vidéo, circuit de Surveillance vidéo et procédé visant à maintenir sous Surveillance une pluralité d'emplacements
WO2009093158A1 (fr) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Communication basée sur la lumière pour configuration de périphériques de détection de lumière
EP1947471B1 (fr) * 2007-01-16 2010-10-13 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Système et procédé de poursuite de casques surround utilisant des signaux audio en dessous du seuil masqué d'audibilité
WO2011154270A1 (fr) * 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 International Business Machines Corporation Ambiance sonore spatiale virtuelle
EP2498510A1 (fr) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-12 Research In Motion Limited Stéréo synthétique sur un casque mono doté de détection du mouvement
US9338565B2 (en) 2011-10-17 2016-05-10 Oticon A/S Listening system adapted for real-time communication providing spatial information in an audio stream
CN105824256A (zh) * 2016-03-09 2016-08-03 联想(北京)有限公司 一种控制方法、控制器及电子设备
GB2540199A (en) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-11 Nokia Technologies Oy An apparatus, method and computer program for providing sound reproduction
US9848273B1 (en) 2016-10-21 2017-12-19 Starkey Laboratories, Inc. Head related transfer function individualization for hearing device
CN110611863A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-24 苏州大学 360度音源实时回放系统
EP3117632B1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2020-04-29 Framed Immersive Projects GmbH & Co. Kg Dispositif mobile pour d'expériences sonores immersives
US10945080B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2021-03-09 Stages Llc Audio analysis and processing system
US11330388B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2022-05-10 Stages Llc Audio source spatialization relative to orientation sensor and output
US11689846B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2023-06-27 Stages Llc Active noise control and customized audio system

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DE102006018490B4 (de) * 2006-04-19 2008-05-08 Ahnert, Wolfgang, Prof. Dr.-Ing.habil. Verfahren zur binauralen Wiedergabe akustischer Signale
DE102006035573B4 (de) * 2006-07-27 2013-05-23 Joachim Kistner Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lautsprechers und Audio-Anlage
DE102009043252A1 (de) * 2009-09-28 2011-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Assistenz für sehbehinderte Personen mit dreidimensional ortsaufgelöster Objekterfassung

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Cited By (20)

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US8624975B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2014-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Audio module for a video surveillance system, video surveillance system and method for keeping a plurality of locations under surveillance
WO2007095994A1 (fr) * 2006-02-23 2007-08-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh module audio pour circuit de Surveillance vidéo, circuit de Surveillance vidéo et procédé visant à maintenir sous Surveillance une pluralité d'emplacements
EP1947471B1 (fr) * 2007-01-16 2010-10-13 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Système et procédé de poursuite de casques surround utilisant des signaux audio en dessous du seuil masqué d'audibilité
US8121319B2 (en) 2007-01-16 2012-02-21 Harman Becker Automotive Systems Gmbh Tracking system using audio signals below threshold
WO2009093158A1 (fr) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Communication basée sur la lumière pour configuration de périphériques de détection de lumière
US8768171B2 (en) 2008-01-24 2014-07-01 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Light-based communication for configuration of light-sensing peripherals
WO2011154270A1 (fr) * 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 International Business Machines Corporation Ambiance sonore spatiale virtuelle
US9332372B2 (en) 2010-06-07 2016-05-03 International Business Machines Corporation Virtual spatial sound scape
EP2498510A1 (fr) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-12 Research In Motion Limited Stéréo synthétique sur un casque mono doté de détection du mouvement
US9338565B2 (en) 2011-10-17 2016-05-10 Oticon A/S Listening system adapted for real-time communication providing spatial information in an audio stream
EP3117632B1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2020-04-29 Framed Immersive Projects GmbH & Co. Kg Dispositif mobile pour d'expériences sonores immersives
US11689846B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2023-06-27 Stages Llc Active noise control and customized audio system
GB2540199A (en) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-11 Nokia Technologies Oy An apparatus, method and computer program for providing sound reproduction
CN105824256A (zh) * 2016-03-09 2016-08-03 联想(北京)有限公司 一种控制方法、控制器及电子设备
US9848273B1 (en) 2016-10-21 2017-12-19 Starkey Laboratories, Inc. Head related transfer function individualization for hearing device
US10945080B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2021-03-09 Stages Llc Audio analysis and processing system
US11330388B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2022-05-10 Stages Llc Audio source spatialization relative to orientation sensor and output
US11601764B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2023-03-07 Stages Llc Audio analysis and processing system
CN110611863A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-24 苏州大学 360度音源实时回放系统
CN110611863B (zh) * 2019-09-12 2020-11-06 苏州大学 360度音源实时回放系统

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WO2005032209A3 (fr) 2005-06-23
TW200513134A (en) 2005-04-01
DE10345190A1 (de) 2005-04-21

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