WO2005032205A1 - A method and apparatus for realizing switching synchronously of clos cross connection matrix - Google Patents
A method and apparatus for realizing switching synchronously of clos cross connection matrix Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005032205A1 WO2005032205A1 PCT/CN2004/001102 CN2004001102W WO2005032205A1 WO 2005032205 A1 WO2005032205 A1 WO 2005032205A1 CN 2004001102 W CN2004001102 W CN 2004001102W WO 2005032205 A1 WO2005032205 A1 WO 2005032205A1
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- cross
- matrix
- synchronous switching
- clos
- configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/64—Distributing or queueing
- H04Q3/68—Grouping or interlacing selector groups or stages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1302—Relay switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1304—Coordinate switches, crossbar, 4/2 with relays, coupling field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13076—Distributing frame, MDF, cross-connect switch
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and device for implementing synchronous switching of a cross-connection matrix, and in particular, to a method and device for implementing synchronous switching of a CLOS cross-connection matrix.
- a cross-connect matrix is the core part of a synchronous digital cross-connect device (hereinafter referred to as a cross-connect device).
- Common cross-connect matrix types are square matrix and CLOS matrix.
- the square matrix can achieve 100% non-blocking for cross-connections.
- the disadvantage is that the size of the matrix increases exponentially with the square, and it can also be tolerated when the cross capacity is small. Increase, and the equipment cost is considerable.
- the cross-connect capacity is large, the number of cross-nodes that the CLOS matrix needs to control is much smaller than that of the square matrix.
- the central stage of the CLOS matrix has a fixed capacity. When capacity expansion is needed, only the capacity of the input stage and output stage can be enlarged.
- business capacity continues to increase, and large-capacity cross-connect devices need to be introduced. Therefore, the CLOS matrix is the mainstream application matrix for cross-connect devices.
- the introduction of the CLOS matrix reduces the complexity of the design, but also significantly reduces the cross-connect throughput rate.
- the drastic reduction of the mate rate leads to more frequent cross-connect adjustments when the cross-connect changes, which may cause some / all of the original cross-connects to be momentarily broken.
- the CLOS matrix consists of an input stage, an output stage, and a central stage. Each stage contains three 3 x 3 cross nodes.
- the user needs to add a new cross-connect, and finds that x-> y has no path to connect, and the original cross-link needs to be adjusted.
- Figure 2 when adjusting, first adjust the cross-connection of c-> c to the intermediate stage 3 3 cross-node # 1, and then you can add a new cross-connection.
- each of the 3 x 3 cross nodes in the input stage, the output stage, and the central stage is the same. See FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prior art 3 X 3 cross node. It includes: a control interface 401, a CPU unit 402, and a 3 x 3 cross unit 403.
- the control interface 401 here may be implemented by a communication interface of the CPU itself or may be implemented by an extended communication interface.
- the CPU unit 402 receives, through the control interface 401, the main control information such as configuration information and control management information sent by the main control board of the cross-connect device, and controls the cross-unit 403 to cross-connect the received service data and output it to the next based on the configuration information Level or external.
- one method is to use an in-band synchronous message mechanism.
- the SDH / SONET frame structure provides abundant overhead bytes.
- the in-band synchronization message mechanism completes the transfer of synchronous switching messages by inserting specific overhead in specific locations.
- the input stage of the CLOS matrix sends specific overhead bytes at specific positions in the overhead bytes, and the central stage passes the specific overhead bytes back to the output stage.
- the input stage, the central stage, and the output stage After receiving the synchronization message, the input stage, the central stage, and the output stage perform synchronous switching actions according to their location timing, so as to realize the synchronous switching of the CLOS matrix and prevent the instantaneous interruption during cross-connect adjustment.
- the in-band message mechanism can solve the synchronization configuration problem, but due to the characteristics of its implementation, the following problems exist:
- the in-band message mechanism has poor applicability and cannot meet diversified application scenarios. For example, a protocol suitable for a 3-level CLOS matrix is not applicable to a 4-level CLOS matrix. That is, the in-band message mechanism needs to be targeted at different levels of the CLOS matrix. Develop different in-band messaging protocols. Summary of the invention
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for synchronous switching of a CLOS cross-connect matrix, which can ensure the synchronous switching of the input stage, the central stage, and the output stage of the CLOS matrix, and prevent a transient interruption phenomenon.
- a second main object of the present invention is to provide a data cross-connect device, which can ensure that the input stage, the central stage, and the output stage of the CLOS matrix are switched synchronously to prevent transient interruption.
- the present invention provides a method for implementing synchronous switching of a CLOS cross-connection matrix.
- This method sets a configuration controller in a data cross-connect device, and the process of synchronous switching includes the following steps:
- the configuration controller calculates the connection request and obtains a new CLOS matrix
- the configuration controller sends the new CLOS matrix to all cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously according to the connection request;
- the configuration controller After all the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously have returned to the ready signal, the configuration controller sends a synchronous switch signal to notify all cross nodes that need to perform synchronous switching Switch the cross matrix;
- the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously may be all the cross nodes of the cross connection matrix, or all cross matrices may be changed, and the cross nodes need to be switched synchronously.
- the step b) may include the following steps:
- the configuration controller calculates the connection request and obtains a new CLOS matrix; otherwise, if multiple requests occur at the same time, then
- the configuration controller performs a filtering operation on the connection request, and continuously calculates a new cross matrix until processing of all connection requests is completed to obtain a finally issued CLOS matrix.
- the synchronous switching signal sent by the configuration controller is implemented by hardware.
- step d) if the ready signals returned by all the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously are not received within the preset time value TO, the configuration controller may directly trigger the synchronous switching signals and send Complete the synchronous switching to the cross node that has returned the ready signal;
- the cross matrix is retransmitted, and the asynchronous node is used for switching.
- step d) if the ready signals returned by all the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously are not received within the preset time value TO, the configuration controller may also abandon the current synchronous switching Process, re-execute step c).
- step d the configuration controller finishes triggering the "synchronous switching signal"
- the configuration controller checks whether the cross nodes that need to perform synchronous switching return the "switching completion signal”.
- the cross matrix is re-issued.
- the "ready signal” and "switch completion signal” can be implemented using a software protocol.
- the configuration control unit of the configuration controller may receive a cross-connection request, calculate the connection request and obtain a new CLOS matrix, and send it to the cross-nodes that need to be switched synchronously through the configuration interface of the configuration controller, and After receiving the ready signals returned by all the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously through the configuration interface, the configuration control unit sends the sync switch signals to all the cross nodes that need to switch synchronously. .
- the configuration control unit may be implemented by a CPU or a programmable logic device.
- the configuration control unit may also be implemented by a CPU of a main control board in a data cross-connect device.
- the present invention provides a digital cross-connect device for implementing the above method, which includes at least a main control board and a cross node, and is characterized in that the digital cross-connect device is provided with a configuration controller,
- the configuration controller receives the cross-connect request, calculates the connection request and obtains a new CLOS matrix, and sends it to the cross-nodes that need to be switched synchronously, and is ready to return after receiving all the cross-nodes that need to be switched synchronously. After the signal is sent, a synchronous switching signal is sent to the cross node that needs to be switched synchronously;
- the main control board is respectively connected to the configuration controller and the cross node, and it receives an external cross connection request, submits the cross connection request to the configuration controller, and sends a control command to the cross node to control and manage the cross node;
- the cross node that needs to perform synchronous switching performs synchronous switching according to a synchronous switching signal sent by the configuration controller.
- the configuration controller may include at least a configuration control unit and a configuration interface; the configuration control unit receives a cross connection request, calculates the connection request, and obtains The new CLOS matrix is issued to the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously through the configuration interface, and after receiving the ready signals returned by all the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously through the configuration interface, it is sent to the synchronous cross that requires synchronous switching.
- the node sends a synchronous switching signal.
- the configuration control unit may be implemented by a CPU or a programmable logic device.
- the configuration control unit may be implemented by a CPU of a main control board in a data cross-connect backup.
- a configuration controller for centralized control of synchronous switching is provided in the data cross-connection device, and the configuration controller simultaneously Synchronous switching signals are sent to each cross node for switching, and each cross node switches immediately after receiving the switching signal, which ensures that the input stage, central stage, and output stage of the CLOS matrix are switched synchronously and no transient interruption occurs.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of cross-connection blocking in the CLOS matrix of the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the successful addition of a new cross-connection after adjustment of the CLOS of the prior art
- Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3 x 3 cross node in the prior art
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the synchronous switching of the CLOS matrix of the present invention under the control of a configuration controller
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a configuration controller and a connection with an input stage of a configuration controller according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first processing flow of the configuration controller in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the second processing flow of the configuration controller in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6; Schematic diagram of the configuration of the configuration controller and the connection to the input stage of the preferred embodiment.
- a configuration controller for centralized control of synchronous switching is provided in a data cross-connection device, and the configuration controller simultaneously provides Each cross node sends a synchronous switching signal for switching, and each cross node immediately switches after receiving the switching signal.
- the configuration controller provided in the data cross-connect device of the present invention has two implementation modes: one is to set a configuration controller including at least a configuration control unit in the device alone; the other is a CPU of the main control board in the device Module to implement the functions of the configuration control unit described above.
- the following two embodiments are used to describe the two implementations respectively.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a configuration controller and a connection with an input stage according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the main control board of the device is connected to the configuration controller 610 and the cross nodes at all levels, the main control board receives an external cross connection request, and submits the cross connection dependency to the configuration controller 610; Send control commands to control and manage cross nodes.
- information such as information sent from the main control board to the configuration controller 610 and control management commands sent by the main control board to the cross-nodes are referred to as main control information.
- the configuration controller 610 includes: a control interface 611, a configuration control unit 612, and a configuration interface 613.
- the configuration control unit 612 receives the main control information such as the cross connection request from the main control board through the control interface 611, and recalculates according to the cross connection request, and then obtains a new CLOS matrix through the configuration interface 613 and sends it to the input stage 600.
- Each 3 X 3 cross node in the network sends synchronous cross signals to each 3 x 3 cross node simultaneously according to the "ready signal" returned by the 3 x 3 cross node.
- the configuration control unit 612 can also receive the "switch completion signal" returned by the 3 x 3 cross node through the configuration interface 613. Re-switching or other processing is performed according to the signal.
- the configuration control unit 612 of this embodiment may be implemented by a CPU or a programmable logic device.
- the configuration interface 613 of the configuration controller 610 may use a well-known Ethernet communication circuit or other communication circuits, such as the 485, RS232, RS422 and other interfaces provided by or extended by the CPU. Of course, it can also be developed by itself. It is only necessary to have the above-mentioned communication function.
- a 3 x 3 cross node in this embodiment is also provided with a configuration interface 604.
- the configuration interface 604 can also be implemented by the CPU's own communication interface, and can also be implemented by the extended communication interface. Of course, it can also be implemented by the original control interface 601.
- the configuration interface 613 of the configuration controller 610 and the configuration interface 604 in the 3 X 3 cross node can be connected through a data line and a control line, where the data line is used to transmit the calculated CLOS matrix and other information; the control line is used to transmit the configuration
- the synchronous switching signal sent by the controller 610 and the control signals such as a "ready signal” and a "switching completion signal" that the 3 x 3 cross node returns to the configuration controller 610.
- the data line connected to the configuration interface 613 of the configuration controller 610 and the configuration interface 604 in the 3 X 3 cross node can not only be used to transmit information such as the calculated CLOS matrix, but also transmit "ready signals” and “switch completion signals” "Wait for control signals.
- the "ready signal” and “switch completion signal” are generated using a software protocol and sent to the configuration controller 610 through a data line.
- destination node number (4 bytes) + source node number (4 bytes) + command code (4 bytes) + parameter length (4 bytes) + command parameter (N bytes).
- Destination node number identifies the protocol receiver;
- Source node number identifies the sender of the protocol
- Command code distinguish the functions of the protocol, for example, use 0x5a5a to indicate “ready signal” and 0xa5a5 to indicate “switch completion signal”;
- Parameter length indicates the parameter length of the subsequent command parameter part
- Command parameters The specific parameters that this command code needs to carry, this protocol may not have.
- the first cross node When the first cross node is ready, it can send to the configuration controller: Oxffffffff 0x00000001 0x5a5a 0x0 protocol to tell the configuration controller that cross node 1 is ready; similarly, when the first cross node is switched, you can pass the configuration control The device sends: Oxfffffffffff 0x00000001 0xa5a5 0x0 protocol to tell the configuration controller that cross node 1 has been switched.
- connection between the configuration controller 610 and the central stage and the output stage is the same as that between the configuration controller and the input stage, and details are not described herein again.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first processing flow of the configuration controller in the embodiment shown in FIG. The process includes the following four steps:
- Step 701 The controller is configured to receive cross-connect requests such as add / remove.
- Step 702 Recalculate the connection request and obtain a new CLOS matrix, and send it to each cross node.
- Step 703 Receive a "ready signal" sent by each cross node.
- step 704 when each cross node returns a "ready signal”, the configuration controller immediately triggers a synchronous switching signal, and sends the synchronous switching signal to each cross node at the same time, thereby ensuring that each cross node of the CLOS matrix performs synchronous switching of the cross matrix. .
- the synchronous switching signals are implemented by using hardware interrupt lines.
- the above first processing flow can completely ensure that the cross nodes of the CLOS system are switched synchronously under normal circumstances, so that there is no instant interruption when the system adjusts the cross connection.
- the synchronous switching process should be robust and recoverable at this time, so the process needs to be improved to achieve the normal process to ensure the completion of the synchronous switching, and under abnormal conditions Processes can recover from exceptions on their own.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second processing flow for configuring a controller in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. The process includes the following steps:
- Step 801 The configuration controller receives a cross connection request such as an add / delete.
- step 802 it is determined whether multiple requests occur at the same moment. If multiple requests occur at the same moment, the configuration controller will perform a filtering operation; otherwise, the filtering operation will not be performed.
- the specific process of the filtering operation may be to first create a buffer pool, all cross-connect requests are placed in the buffer pool, and when there is a new request, the configuration controller is notified to process the requests in the buffer pool; the configuration controller processes Do not trigger the synchronous switch immediately after the current request, but read the buffer pool again to see if there are new requests in the buffer pool, because it may be configured that the controller sends a new request while processing the above request; If there are still requests, then continue to calculate the cross matrix, and then repeatedly read the buffer pool until there are no more cross connection requests in the buffer pool.
- Step 803 Calculate a new CLOS matrix and send it to the cross node where the cross matrix changes; at the same time, start receiving a "ready signal" timer.
- the cross matrix of some cross nodes has not changed, and the cross matrix of some cross nodes has changed; the cross nodes where the cross matrix changes are synchronous cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously, and other nodes are asynchronous cross nodes.
- Synchronous cross nodes Included in all cross nodes is a subset of all cross nodes.
- the configuration controller recalculates the cross matrix and obtains a new cross matrix, in practical applications, not all cross nodes of the cross nodes are changed, but a few cross nodes of the cross nodes are changed. In order to improve efficiency, in this embodiment, it is preferable to switch only those cross nodes whose matrix changes. When these matrices change, the cross nodes that need to be switched synchronously are the synchronous cross nodes. In extreme cases, the cross matrix of all cross nodes has changed, and synchronous switching is required. At this time, the set of all cross nodes is consistent with the set of synchronous cross nodes.
- the timing of receiving the "ready signal” timer is to wait for each synchronous cross node to return Returning to the time of the "ready signal", waiting for the "ready signal” cannot be indefinite and should be responded within a certain time range.
- the waiting time is referred to as the TO time, and the TO time is preferably set to 30 ⁇ seconds.
- Step 804 Receive a "ready signal" sent by each cross node.
- Step 805 Determine whether the "ready signal" sent by all cross nodes is received within the TO time, and if yes, go to step 807; otherwise, go to step 806.
- Step 806 Abandon the handover.
- the controller is configured to abandon the current synchronous switching process and restart the second synchronous switching process. In this way, this method allows cross nodes to fail and has certain fault tolerance.
- the synchronous switching signal can also be triggered directly by the configuration controller at this time and sent to the cross node that has returned the ready signal to complete the synchronous switching.
- the cross matrix is retransmitted and switched using an asynchronous method. Can also have some fault tolerance.
- Step 807 The configuration controller sends a synchronous cross signal to the cross node that returns a "ready signal”, and starts a timer for receiving a "switch completion signal". The timer is waiting for each cross node to return a "switch completion signal”.
- the time T1 and T1 are preferably set to 500 ms.
- Step 808 Receive a "handover completion signal" sent by each cross node.
- step 809 it is determined whether the "handover completion signal" sent by all cross nodes is received within T1 time. If yes, go to step 810, otherwise go to step 811.
- Step 810 the handover is completed.
- Step 811 Check that each cross node returns a "switch completion signal", and re-issue the CLOS matrix to the cross nodes that do not return a "switch completion signal”.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the configuration controller and the connection with the input stage of the second preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the configuration controller 910 includes: a main control board CPU module 911 and a configuration interface 912.
- the main control board CPU module 911 receives the cross connection request sent from the outside, and recalculates it according to the cross connection request, and then obtains a new CLOS matrix through the configuration interface 912, and sends it to each 3 x 3 cross node in the input stage 900.
- the "ready signal" returned by the 3 3 cross nodes simultaneously sends a synchronous cross signal to each 3 x 3 cross node.
- the CPU module 911 of the main control board may also receive the "switching completion signal" returned by the 3 x 3 cross node through the configuration interface 613, and perform re-switching or other processing according to the signal.
- the main control board CPU module 911 not only sends information to the 3 x 3 cross node through the configuration interface 912, but also retains the main control information such as control management commands sent to the 3 x 3 cross node.
- the 3 x 3 cross node directly receives the information sent by the configuration controller 910 through the original control interface 901.
- connection between the configuration interface 912 in the configuration controller 910 and the control interface 901 in the 3 x 3 cross node, and the configuration interface 613 in the configuration controller 610 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and the configuration interface 604 in the 3 x 3 cross node The connection method is exactly the same, and will not be repeated here.
- connection between the configuration controller 910 and the central stage and the output stage is the same as the connection between the configuration controller and the input stage, and details are not described herein again.
- the present invention implements the synchronous switching function of the CLOS matrix, which can ensure that the transient disconnection phenomenon does not occur when the cross-connection is adjusted. Since the protocol part is implemented by software, the hardware architecture is relatively simple. In addition, the present invention has a wide applicability, not only for the most commonly used 3-level CLOS matrix, but also for higher-order CLOS matrices; in the application of higher-order CLOS matrices, the protocol processing flow is unchanged.
- the present invention introduces a configuration controller to implement centralized control of system cross-connections. All cross-connection change requests are submitted to the configuration controller, and multiple consecutive cross-connection requests are filtered into one request, which improves The system processing efficiency makes the system's cross-connect control more simple and efficient. Furthermore, the time T0 for waiting for the ready signal and the time T1 for waiting for the completion of the signal are introduced, thereby ensuring the recoverability of the system under abnormal conditions and further improving the reliability of the system.
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US11/389,782 US20060209816A1 (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2006-03-27 | Method and equipment for implementing synchronous switching of CLOS cross connection matrix |
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CNB03126414XA CN100452886C (zh) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-09-27 | 实现clos交叉连接矩阵同步切换的方法及设备 |
CN03126414.X | 2003-09-27 |
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DE602004001448T2 (de) * | 2004-05-14 | 2006-12-14 | Alcatel | Netzelement mit mehrstufiger Niedrigordnung Schaltungsmatrix |
CN101523811A (zh) * | 2005-02-04 | 2009-09-02 | 第三级通讯公司 | 用于改进的网络路由选择的基于以太网的系统和方法 |
US8064467B2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2011-11-22 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Systems and methods for network routing in a multiple backbone network architecture |
US9426092B2 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2016-08-23 | Level 3 Communications Llc | System and method for switching traffic through a network |
WO2009023563A1 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-19 | Smith Robert B | Path redundant hardware efficient communications interconnect system |
EP2753097B1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2017-01-04 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Scheduling method, device and system |
US10009226B2 (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2018-06-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Software implementation of network switch/router |
US9973442B1 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-05-15 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Calculating reachability information in multi-stage networks using matrix operations |
US9813356B1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-11-07 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Calculating bandwidth information in multi-stage networks |
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CN1248878A (zh) * | 1998-09-22 | 2000-03-29 | 深圳市华为技术有限公司 | 同步数字序列空分交叉连接设备 |
WO2002099590A2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-12 | Marconi Communications, Inc. | Column-based reconfigurable switching matrix |
CN1399494A (zh) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-26 | 阿尔卡塔尔公司 | 用于光学传输网络信号的网络元件 |
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JP4027071B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-18 | 2007-12-26 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | ハンドオーバ制御方法、移動局の同期転送タイミング変更方法、通信リンク制御方法および通信リンク制御システム |
CA2365963A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-20 | Nortel Networks Limited | Technique for computing pathways in a multi-stage switch fabric through exploitation of symmetrical links |
US9332037B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2016-05-03 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and apparatus for redundant signaling links |
US7360140B2 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2008-04-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus and method for tracking packets in a reliably connected transmission system |
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2003
- 2003-09-27 CN CNB03126414XA patent/CN100452886C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2004
- 2004-09-27 WO PCT/CN2004/001102 patent/WO2005032205A1/zh active Application Filing
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CN1248878A (zh) * | 1998-09-22 | 2000-03-29 | 深圳市华为技术有限公司 | 同步数字序列空分交叉连接设备 |
WO2002099590A2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-12 | Marconi Communications, Inc. | Column-based reconfigurable switching matrix |
CN1399494A (zh) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-26 | 阿尔卡塔尔公司 | 用于光学传输网络信号的网络元件 |
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US20060209816A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
WO2005032205A8 (fr) | 2005-06-16 |
CN100452886C (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
CN1602078A (zh) | 2005-03-30 |
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