WO2005010228A3 - High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling - Google Patents

High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005010228A3
WO2005010228A3 PCT/US2004/023402 US2004023402W WO2005010228A3 WO 2005010228 A3 WO2005010228 A3 WO 2005010228A3 US 2004023402 W US2004023402 W US 2004023402W WO 2005010228 A3 WO2005010228 A3 WO 2005010228A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plasma
arc
storage capacitor
energy storage
peak power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/023402
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2005010228A2 (en
Inventor
David J Christie
Original Assignee
Advanced Energy Ind Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Advanced Energy Ind Inc filed Critical Advanced Energy Ind Inc
Priority to EP04778755A priority Critical patent/EP1654394A2/en
Priority to JP2006521202A priority patent/JP2006528731A/en
Publication of WO2005010228A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005010228A2/en
Publication of WO2005010228A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005010228A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/34Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
    • H01J37/3411Constructional aspects of the reactor
    • H01J37/3444Associated circuits
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34Sputtering
    • C23C14/35Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/34Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/34Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
    • H01J37/3402Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering using supplementary magnetic fields
    • H01J37/3405Magnetron sputtering

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)

Abstract

A magnetron sputtering system is provided comprising a pulsed DC power supply capable of delivering peak powers of 0.1 mega Watts to several megaWatts with a peak power density greater than 1kW/cm2. A sputtering plasma in a highly ionized state is created without first adopting an arc discharge state. The power supply has a pulsing circuit comprising an energy storage capacitor and serially connected inductor with a switching means for disconnecting the pulsing circuit from the plasma and recycling the inductor energy back to the energy storage capacitor at the detection of an arc condition. The energy storage capacitor and the serially connected inductor provide an impedance match to the plasma, limits the current rate of rise and peak magnitude in the event of an arc, and shapes the voltage pulses to the plasma.
PCT/US2004/023402 2002-09-25 2004-07-20 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling WO2005010228A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04778755A EP1654394A2 (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-20 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
JP2006521202A JP2006528731A (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-20 High peak power plasma pulse power supply by arc handling

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/254,158 US6808607B2 (en) 2002-09-25 2002-09-25 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
US10/626,330 2003-07-24
US10/626,330 US20040124077A1 (en) 2002-09-25 2003-07-24 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005010228A2 WO2005010228A2 (en) 2005-02-03
WO2005010228A3 true WO2005010228A3 (en) 2005-12-01

Family

ID=31993275

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/030211 WO2004029322A1 (en) 2002-09-25 2003-09-23 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
PCT/US2004/023402 WO2005010228A2 (en) 2002-09-25 2004-07-20 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/030211 WO2004029322A1 (en) 2002-09-25 2003-09-23 High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US6808607B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1543175B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4578242B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100467662C (en)
TW (1) TW200409826A (en)
WO (2) WO2004029322A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8435389B2 (en) 2006-12-12 2013-05-07 Oc Oerlikon Balzers Ag RF substrate bias with high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS)
US9214801B2 (en) 2009-02-17 2015-12-15 Solvix Gmbh Power supply device for plasma processing

Families Citing this family (80)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6808607B2 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-10-26 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
US7147759B2 (en) * 2002-09-30 2006-12-12 Zond, Inc. High-power pulsed magnetron sputtering
US6896773B2 (en) * 2002-11-14 2005-05-24 Zond, Inc. High deposition rate sputtering
US6967305B2 (en) * 2003-08-18 2005-11-22 Mks Instruments, Inc. Control of plasma transitions in sputter processing systems
US9123508B2 (en) * 2004-02-22 2015-09-01 Zond, Llc Apparatus and method for sputtering hard coatings
US7663319B2 (en) * 2004-02-22 2010-02-16 Zond, Inc. Methods and apparatus for generating strongly-ionized plasmas with ionizational instabilities
US20060066248A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Zond, Inc. Apparatus for generating high current electrical discharges
US7095179B2 (en) * 2004-02-22 2006-08-22 Zond, Inc. Methods and apparatus for generating strongly-ionized plasmas with ionizational instabilities
US7105075B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2006-09-12 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. DC power supply utilizing real time estimation of dynamic impedance
KR100628215B1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-09-26 동부일렉트로닉스 주식회사 method for forming metal line of semiconductor device
US7305311B2 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-12-04 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Arc detection and handling in radio frequency power applications
AT502351A1 (en) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-15 Ziger Peter APPENDIX FOR THE PLASMA PROCESSING OF ENDLESS MATERIAL
GB2437080B (en) * 2006-04-11 2011-10-12 Hauzer Techno Coating Bv A vacuum treatment apparatus, a bias power supply and a method of operating a vacuum treatment apparatus
US7859237B2 (en) * 2006-07-12 2010-12-28 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method and apparatus for voltage to current conversion
JP4910575B2 (en) * 2006-08-31 2012-04-04 日本テキサス・インスツルメンツ株式会社 Switching power supply
JP4842752B2 (en) * 2006-09-28 2011-12-21 株式会社ダイヘン Arc detection device for plasma processing system, program for realizing arc detection device, and storage medium
US8217299B2 (en) * 2007-02-22 2012-07-10 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Arc recovery without over-voltage for plasma chamber power supplies using a shunt switch
EP1995818A1 (en) * 2007-05-12 2008-11-26 Huettinger Electronic Sp. z o. o Circuit and method for reducing electrical energy stored in a lead inductance for fast extinction of plasma arcs
SE533395C2 (en) * 2007-06-08 2010-09-14 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ways to make PVD coatings
US7966909B2 (en) 2007-07-25 2011-06-28 The Gillette Company Process of forming a razor blade
US9039871B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2015-05-26 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Methods and apparatus for applying periodic voltage using direct current
US8133359B2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2012-03-13 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sputtering deposition using direct current
US10784092B2 (en) 2007-12-07 2020-09-22 Evatec Ag Reactive sputtering with HIPIMs
ATE547804T1 (en) * 2007-12-24 2012-03-15 Huettinger Electronic Sp Z O O CURRENT CHANGE LIMITING DEVICE
DE102008028140B3 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Process for producing a transparent and conductive metal oxide layer by pulsed, high-ionization magnetron sputtering
US9613784B2 (en) 2008-07-17 2017-04-04 Mks Instruments, Inc. Sputtering system and method including an arc detection
JP2010065240A (en) 2008-09-08 2010-03-25 Kobe Steel Ltd Sputtering apparatus
DE102008053679B3 (en) * 2008-10-29 2010-01-28 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Power supply and method for a pulsed inductive load
US8395078B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2013-03-12 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc Arc recovery with over-voltage protection for plasma-chamber power supplies
CN101572280B (en) * 2009-06-01 2011-03-02 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 Deposition apparatus for manufacturing metal electrode layer of thin film solar cell
CN101824602B (en) * 2010-05-07 2011-08-10 西安理工大学 Magnetron sputtering pulse power supply with high starting voltage
DE102010031568B4 (en) 2010-07-20 2014-12-11 TRUMPF Hüttinger GmbH + Co. KG Arclöschanordnung and method for erasing arcs
DE102010038605B4 (en) 2010-07-29 2012-06-14 Hüttinger Elektronik Gmbh + Co. Kg Ignition circuit for igniting a powered with alternating power plasma
US8552665B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2013-10-08 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Proactive arc management of a plasma load
DE102011112434A1 (en) * 2011-01-05 2012-07-05 Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trübbach Treating workpieces in vacuum treatment system comprises applying negative bias to workpiece, avoiding damage such that if current flowing via workpieces from measured average current deviates more than specific value interrupts treatment
JP5397410B2 (en) * 2011-05-16 2014-01-22 株式会社デンソー Automotive electrical system
DE102011086551B4 (en) 2011-11-17 2023-02-23 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Flexible impedance matching for a pulse current supplied microwave generator
US9842725B2 (en) 2013-01-31 2017-12-12 Lam Research Corporation Using modeling to determine ion energy associated with a plasma system
US9462672B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2016-10-04 Lam Research Corporation Adjustment of power and frequency based on three or more states
US10128090B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2018-11-13 Lam Research Corporation RF impedance model based fault detection
US10157729B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2018-12-18 Lam Research Corporation Soft pulsing
US9197196B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2015-11-24 Lam Research Corporation State-based adjustment of power and frequency
US9114666B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2015-08-25 Lam Research Corporation Methods and apparatus for controlling plasma in a plasma processing system
US9308546B2 (en) * 2012-06-05 2016-04-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Discharge surface treatment apparatus
US20140217832A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-07 Astec International Limited Disconnect switches in dc power systems
JP5679241B1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2015-03-04 株式会社京三製作所 Voltage source DC power supply and control method for voltage source DC power supply
US9594105B2 (en) 2014-01-10 2017-03-14 Lam Research Corporation Cable power loss determination for virtual metrology
WO2015112661A1 (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Isoflux Incorporated Open drift field sputtering cathode
US10950421B2 (en) 2014-04-21 2021-03-16 Lam Research Corporation Using modeling for identifying a location of a fault in an RF transmission system for a plasma system
JP6368928B2 (en) * 2014-09-11 2018-08-08 京都電機器株式会社 Power supply for DC sputtering equipment
US9761459B2 (en) 2015-08-05 2017-09-12 Lam Research Corporation Systems and methods for reverse pulsing
US11008651B2 (en) * 2016-04-11 2021-05-18 Spts Technologies Limited DC magnetron sputtering
KR101995684B1 (en) * 2016-09-30 2019-07-02 가부시키가이샤 알박 Power supply
US10555412B2 (en) 2018-05-10 2020-02-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Method of controlling ion energy distribution using a pulse generator with a current-return output stage
US11476145B2 (en) 2018-11-20 2022-10-18 Applied Materials, Inc. Automatic ESC bias compensation when using pulsed DC bias
WO2020154310A1 (en) 2019-01-22 2020-07-30 Applied Materials, Inc. Feedback loop for controlling a pulsed voltage waveform
US11508554B2 (en) 2019-01-24 2022-11-22 Applied Materials, Inc. High voltage filter assembly
CN110004426A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-07-12 东莞超汇链条有限公司 The resulting plated film of film plating process and its method of continous way coating system
FR3097237B1 (en) * 2019-06-11 2021-05-28 Safran PROCESS FOR COATING A SUBSTRATE WITH TANTALUM NITRIDE
WO2021138377A1 (en) 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 Waymo Llc Laser pulser circuit with tunable transmit power
JP2023518170A (en) 2020-03-10 2023-04-28 スロベンスカ テクニッカ ウニベラヂッタ べ ブラチスラバ Connection of high performance pulse discharge plasma generators especially for magnetron sputtering
EP3945541A1 (en) * 2020-07-29 2022-02-02 TRUMPF Huettinger Sp. Z o. o. Pulsing assembly, power supply arrangement and method using the assembly
US11462389B2 (en) 2020-07-31 2022-10-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Pulsed-voltage hardware assembly for use in a plasma processing system
CN112080728B (en) * 2020-08-12 2022-05-10 北京航空航天大学 HiPIMS system and method for reducing HiPIMS discharge current delay
US11798790B2 (en) 2020-11-16 2023-10-24 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and methods for controlling ion energy distribution
US11901157B2 (en) 2020-11-16 2024-02-13 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and methods for controlling ion energy distribution
US11495470B1 (en) 2021-04-16 2022-11-08 Applied Materials, Inc. Method of enhancing etching selectivity using a pulsed plasma
US11948780B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2024-04-02 Applied Materials, Inc. Automatic electrostatic chuck bias compensation during plasma processing
US11791138B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2023-10-17 Applied Materials, Inc. Automatic electrostatic chuck bias compensation during plasma processing
US11967483B2 (en) 2021-06-02 2024-04-23 Applied Materials, Inc. Plasma excitation with ion energy control
US20220399185A1 (en) 2021-06-09 2022-12-15 Applied Materials, Inc. Plasma chamber and chamber component cleaning methods
US11810760B2 (en) 2021-06-16 2023-11-07 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and method of ion current compensation
US11569066B2 (en) 2021-06-23 2023-01-31 Applied Materials, Inc. Pulsed voltage source for plasma processing applications
US11476090B1 (en) 2021-08-24 2022-10-18 Applied Materials, Inc. Voltage pulse time-domain multiplexing
US12106938B2 (en) 2021-09-14 2024-10-01 Applied Materials, Inc. Distortion current mitigation in a radio frequency plasma processing chamber
US11694876B2 (en) 2021-12-08 2023-07-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivering a plurality of waveform signals during plasma processing
US11972924B2 (en) 2022-06-08 2024-04-30 Applied Materials, Inc. Pulsed voltage source for plasma processing applications
US12111341B2 (en) 2022-10-05 2024-10-08 Applied Materials, Inc. In-situ electric field detection method and apparatus
KR20240056114A (en) * 2022-10-21 2024-04-30 전북대학교산학협력단 Impedance adjust circuit
CN117614309B (en) * 2023-12-05 2024-09-13 唐山标先电子有限公司 High-power pulse magnetron sputtering power supply adopting series auxiliary power supply and method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5015493A (en) * 1987-01-11 1991-05-14 Reinar Gruen Process and apparatus for coating conducting pieces using a pulsed glow discharge
US5682067A (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-10-28 Sierra Applied Sciences, Inc. Circuit for reversing polarity on electrodes
US5810982A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-09-22 Eni Technologies, Inc. Preferential sputtering of insulators from conductive targets

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5241152A (en) * 1990-03-23 1993-08-31 Anderson Glen L Circuit for detecting and diverting an electrical arc in a glow discharge apparatus
DE4037388A1 (en) * 1990-11-22 1992-05-27 Scheibe Hans Joachim Dr CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR THE POWER SUPPLY FOR PULSE-OPERATED VACUUM BOWS
DE4202425C2 (en) * 1992-01-29 1997-07-17 Leybold Ag Method and device for coating a substrate, in particular with electrically non-conductive layers
JP3684593B2 (en) * 1993-07-28 2005-08-17 旭硝子株式会社 Sputtering method and apparatus
SE9704607D0 (en) * 1997-12-09 1997-12-09 Chemfilt R & D Ab A method and apparatus for magnetically enhanced sputtering
US5889391A (en) * 1997-11-07 1999-03-30 Sierra Applied Sciences, Inc. Power supply having combined regulator and pulsing circuits
DE10015244C2 (en) * 2000-03-28 2002-09-19 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Method and circuit arrangement for pulsed energy feed in magnetron discharges
US6524455B1 (en) * 2000-10-04 2003-02-25 Eni Technology, Inc. Sputtering apparatus using passive arc control system and method
US6808607B2 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-10-26 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
US6896773B2 (en) * 2002-11-14 2005-05-24 Zond, Inc. High deposition rate sputtering

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5015493A (en) * 1987-01-11 1991-05-14 Reinar Gruen Process and apparatus for coating conducting pieces using a pulsed glow discharge
US5810982A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-09-22 Eni Technologies, Inc. Preferential sputtering of insulators from conductive targets
US5682067A (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-10-28 Sierra Applied Sciences, Inc. Circuit for reversing polarity on electrodes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KOUZNETSOV V. ET AL: "Influence of high power densities on the composition of pulsed magnetron plasmas", SURFACE AND COATINGS TECHNOLOGY, vol. 122, no. 2-3, 15 December 1999 (1999-12-15), pages 290 - 293, XP001104997 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8435389B2 (en) 2006-12-12 2013-05-07 Oc Oerlikon Balzers Ag RF substrate bias with high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS)
US9214801B2 (en) 2009-02-17 2015-12-15 Solvix Gmbh Power supply device for plasma processing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100467662C (en) 2009-03-11
CN1688737A (en) 2005-10-26
JP4578242B2 (en) 2010-11-10
TW200409826A (en) 2004-06-16
EP1543175B1 (en) 2013-05-08
WO2004029322A1 (en) 2004-04-08
US20040055881A1 (en) 2004-03-25
EP1543175A4 (en) 2007-07-04
JP2006500473A (en) 2006-01-05
US6808607B2 (en) 2004-10-26
WO2005010228A2 (en) 2005-02-03
EP1543175A1 (en) 2005-06-22
US20040124077A1 (en) 2004-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2005010228A3 (en) High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
US7514935B2 (en) System and method for managing power supplied to a plasma chamber
KR100346940B1 (en) Method and apparatus for eliminating reflected energy due to stage mismatch in nonlinear magnetic compression modules
TW376555B (en) A power source device for a sputtering apparatus
JP2006500473A5 (en)
AU6608400A (en) High pulse rate pulse power system with fast rise time and low leakage current
US20120146509A1 (en) Generating plasmas in pulsed power systems
AU1326301A (en) High pulse rate pulse power system with liquid cooling
WO2005001870A3 (en) Stored energy arc detection and arc reduction circuit
WO2003030345A1 (en) Power supply for sputtering
WO2006036750A3 (en) Systems and methods for signal generation using limited power
CN101924490B (en) Inductive energy-storage microsecond-grade high-power pulse current source
CN113123936A (en) Grid accelerating micro-cathode arc propulsion system
Liu et al. An all solid-state pulsed power generator based on Marx generator
AU2003225537A1 (en) An apparatus for protection of an inductive output tube (iot) from stored energy in a linear high voltage power supply (hvps) and its associated filter circuit during a high voltage arc
JP4129860B2 (en) Power supply, power supply for sputtering, and sputtering equipment
EP1654394A2 (en) High peak power plasma pulsed supply with arc handling
Su et al. Experiment and applications of SOS-based pulsed power.
Efanov et al. High voltage nanosecond pulsers for plasma chemistry and gas discharge
JP3287164B2 (en) DC high voltage generator
Gan et al. Power Supply for One-second Source of Highly-stable Magnetic Field
Cassany et al. Reproducibility improvement on high voltage self-break water switches
Zolfaghari et al. A NEW CROWBAR DRIVER FOR THE MIT BATES LINEAR ACCELERATOR HIGH-POWER RF SOURCES
Ziemba et al. A robust, modular, IGBT power supply for configurable series/parallel operation at high power and frequency
AI et al. Characteristics of pulse magnetron discharge with power supply from a capacitor energy storage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2006521202

Country of ref document: JP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2004778755

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2004778755

Country of ref document: EP

DPEN Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)