WO2005009587A1 - A filter element - Google Patents

A filter element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005009587A1
WO2005009587A1 PCT/IB2004/051301 IB2004051301W WO2005009587A1 WO 2005009587 A1 WO2005009587 A1 WO 2005009587A1 IB 2004051301 W IB2004051301 W IB 2004051301W WO 2005009587 A1 WO2005009587 A1 WO 2005009587A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cellulosic material
wound
oil
filter element
fuel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/051301
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger William Gemmell
Original Assignee
Roger William Gemmell
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roger William Gemmell filed Critical Roger William Gemmell
Publication of WO2005009587A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005009587A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
    • B01D29/07—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets
    • B01D29/073—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets with wound filtering sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/24—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by water separating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/34—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements by the filter structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to a filter element. It also relates to a method of making a filter element.
  • an axial flow oil or fuel filter element including at least one wound body comprising a multilayer length of cellulosic material of at least two plies.
  • the wound body may be capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
  • an axial flow oil or fuel filter element including a wound body comprising a length of cellulosic material, the wound body of cellulosic material being capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
  • the wound body of cellulosic medium is capable of reducing the water content under the aforementioned conditions to less than 40 ppm, more preferably to less than 20 ppm, e.g. about 12 ppm.
  • the water content may be determined with the Carl Fisher method, which is a well-known method for determining moisture content of transformer oil.
  • the wound body of the filter element according to the second aspect of the invention may comprise a multilayer length of cellulosic material of at least two plies.
  • the wound body comprises a two-ply only length of cellulosic material and the filter element is an internal combustion engine fuel or oil filter element.
  • the cellulosic material may have a basis mass, for the combined plies, of between about 12 g/m 2 and about 36 g/m 2 , preferably between about 16 g/m 2 and about 36 g/m 2 , more preferably between about 30 g/m 2 and about 36 g/m 2 , e.g. about 33 g/m 2 .
  • the filter element may include a sleeve or housing within which the wound body is held.
  • the sleeve may be open-ended and is typically water-impervious.
  • the filter element may include a core around which the length of cellulosic material is wound.
  • the core is hollow and water-impervious.
  • the filter element may include two of the wound bodies.
  • the wound bodies may each have a hollow core and may be housed in a common housing or sleeve and are typically axiall aligned.
  • the filter element may include an oil or fuel pervious or permeable spacing layer, e.g. a foraminous or mesh-like material layer, sandwiched between the wound bodies, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores.
  • an oil or fuel pervious or permeable spacing layer e.g. a foraminous or mesh-like material layer, sandwiched between the wound bodies, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores.
  • the cellulosic material may have a basis mass as hereinbefore described.
  • the invention also extends to a method of making an axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the method including winding a length of a cellulosic material around a core to form a wound body of cellulosic material, the cellulosic material being under a tension of at least 2.4 N when being wound and having a basis mass of between 12g/m 2 and 36g/m 2 .
  • the cellulosic material may be under a tension of less than 11.8 N when being wound.
  • the cellulosic material is under a tension of between about 2.9 N and about 8.8 N when being wound, more preferably between about 3.9 N and about 7.8 N, e.g. about 5.8 N.
  • the cellulosic material may be wound around a core.
  • the core may be hollow and may consist predominantly of a cellulosic material, but with a much higher basis mass than the cellulosic material making up the wound body, e.g. cardboard.
  • the core may have a diameter of between about 18 mm and about 40 mm, preferably between about 20 mm and about 36 mm, e.g. about 25 mm.
  • the method may include cutting the wound body to a desired end-to-end length.
  • the method may include sleeving the wound body of cellulosic material in a tightly fitting open-ended sleeve. This may include radially compressing the wound body with a compressive force, inserting the wound body in the sleeve, and removing the compressive force.
  • the sleeve consists predominantly of a cellulosic material, but with a much higher basis mass than the cell ulosic material making up the wound body of cellulosic material, e.g. cardboard.
  • the sleeve includes or is a metal sleeve, e.g. an aluminium sleeve.
  • the method may include forming two of the wound bodies of cellulosic material on hollow cores, and sleeving both bodies in a common sleeve, the wound bodies being axially aligned.
  • the method may further include locating an oil or fuel pervious or permeable spacing layer between the wound bodies of cellulosic material, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores.
  • the spacing layer is a woven mesh of a synthetic plastics or polymeric material.
  • Winding the length of a cellulosic material around the core may include unwinding a driven roll of the cellulosic material and winding the cellulosic material about the core, which is also driven.
  • the method may include gradually increasing the rotational speed of the roll which is being unwound and gradually decreasing the rotational speed of the core on which the length of cellulosic material is being wound, whilst controlling the tension in the length of cellulosic material being wound.
  • the invention further extends to a filter element made in accordance with the method of the invention, the filter element being capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
  • Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional view of one embodiment of a filter element in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinally sectioned view of the filter element of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional view of another embodiment of a filter element in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a longitudinally sectioned view of the filter element of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional view of a filter unit which can be used with the filter element of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 shows a side view of the filter unit of Figure 5, with parts omitted for clarity.
  • reference numeral 10 generally indicates an axial flow oil of fuel filter element in accordance with the invention.
  • the filter element 10 comprises a hollow open-ended water-impervious core or inner tube 12, a coaxial water-impervious open-ended outer tube or sleeve 14 and a wound body 16 comprising a two-ply length of cellulosic material.
  • the core 12 and sleeve 14 are of cardboard with a thickness of about 2 mm.
  • the sleeve has a diameter ranging between about 90 mm and about 140 mm for various embodiments or models of the filter element, with the filter element 10 having a length varying between about 20 mm and about 175 mm.
  • the core 12 typically has a diameter of about 25 mm or about 32 mm.
  • the wound body 16 is formed from a two-ply cellulosic material sold as 'Wipes Jumbo Wiper Roll' (Item No. 91020) by Kimberly- Clark of South Africa (Pty) Limited. This cellulosic material has a basis mass for the combined plies of 33 g/m 2 .
  • the two-ply length of cellulosic material is wound around the core 12 whilst being kept under a tension of about 5.8 N to form the wound body 16, whereafter the wound body 16 and the core 12 are forced into the sleeve 14, after the body 16 has been compressed.
  • the filter element 10 can be used with a filter unit, such as the filter unit shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings and generally indicated by reference numeral 20 in order to filter oil or fuel in automotive applications.
  • the filter unit 20 comprises a base 22 and a lid 24, with a mounting formation 26 cast integrally with the base 22.
  • An open-ended circular cylindrical housing 28 (not shown in Figure 6) is located between the base 22 and the lid 24.
  • the filter unit 20 includes a flow guide 30 defining a liquid inlet 32.
  • the lid 24 is bolted to the flow guide 30 by means of a bolt 34.
  • a liquid or filtrate outlet 36 is radially spaced from the liquid inlet 32.
  • the filter element 10 is received inside the housing 28 and tightly clamped in position between the base 22 and the lid 24 by means of the bolt 34.
  • Oil or diesel to be filtered is fed through the inlet 32 into the flow guide 30 and flows upwardly to leave the flow guide 30 by means of apertures (not shown) underneath the lid 24.
  • the oil or fuel then flows axially, downwardly through the wound body 16, before being collected on the base 22 and discharged through the outlet 36.
  • reference numeral 40 generally indicates another embodiment of a filter element in accordance with the invention.
  • the filter element 40 is similar to the filter element 10 and, unless otherwise indicated, the same reference numerals are thus used to indicate the same or similar parts or features.
  • the filter element 40 comprises two of the wound bodies 16, each on its own hollow core 12. However, a common open-ended sleeve 14 captures both wound bodies 16.
  • a spacing layer of a hard synthetic PVC mesh or sieve 42 is sandwiched.
  • the mesh 42 does not provide an obstruction between open ends of the cores 12 where they meet, thus allowing a flow guide or other object similar to the flow guide 30 to be inserted through both cores 12.
  • the filter element 40 allows axial filtration of oil or fuel from both ends towards the mesh 24.
  • the filter element 40 provides for a larger flow rate than the filter element 10, or equivalent flow rates but at a higher filtration efficiency or a lower pressure drop.
  • the mesh 42 acts as a filtrate collecting fonnation to allow filtrate to be drained from the wound bodies 16 into the hollow interiors of the cores 12, from where the filtrate is removed.
  • the filter element 40 can not be used with the filter unit 20, as it requires the oil or fuel to be fed from both ends of the filter element.
  • a filter unit similar to the filter unit 20, but with the necessary modifications, can be used with the filter element 40.
  • the filter elements 10, 40 can typically be used on oil type fluids with a maximum recommended viscosity of 100 cSt at temperatures of up to 100 °C.
  • the filter elements 10, 40 will remove water from oil or diesel fuel to less than 20 ppm whilst at the same time removing 99.9 % of solid particles of a size greater than l ⁇ m in diameter, when operated at the correct flow rate.
  • the ideal linear flow velocity of liquid through the filter elements 10, 40 should be between 0.2 m min and 0.6 m min whilst the pressure drop across the filter element should not exceed 20 kPa.
  • the filter elements 10, 40 can hold upwards of 75 ml of water per wound body and can be used either on the suction side or the pressure side of relatively low pressure (less than 700 kPa) oil or fuel pump circuits.
  • a major advantage of the filter element 10, 40 is that it is environmentally friendly, as a used filter element can be combusted in its entirety.

Abstract

An axial flow oil or fuel filter element (10) includes at least one wound body (16) comprising a multilayer length of cellulosic material of at least two plies. Advantageously, the wound body is capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute. The invention extends to a method of making an axial flow oil or fuel filter element which includes winding a length of a cellulosic material of at least two plies around a core to form a wound body of cellulosic material, the cellulosic material being under a tension of at least 2.4 N when being wound.

Description

Description A FILTER ELEMENT
[I] THIS INVENTION relates to a filter element. It also relates to a method of making a filter element.
[2] According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the filter element including at least one wound body comprising a multilayer length of cellulosic material of at least two plies.
[3] The wound body may be capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
[4] According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the filter element including a wound body comprising a length of cellulosic material, the wound body of cellulosic material being capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
[5] Preferably, the wound body of cellulosic medium is capable of reducing the water content under the aforementioned conditions to less than 40 ppm, more preferably to less than 20 ppm, e.g. about 12 ppm. The water content may be determined with the Carl Fisher method, which is a well-known method for determining moisture content of transformer oil.
[6] The wound body of the filter element according to the second aspect of the invention may comprise a multilayer length of cellulosic material of at least two plies.
[7] In one embodiment of the invention, the wound body comprises a two-ply only length of cellulosic material and the filter element is an internal combustion engine fuel or oil filter element.
[8] The cellulosic material may have a basis mass, for the combined plies, of between about 12 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2, preferably between about 16 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2, more preferably between about 30 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2, e.g. about 33 g/m2.
[9] The filter element may include a sleeve or housing within which the wound body is held. The sleeve may be open-ended and is typically water-impervious.
[10] The filter element may include a core around which the length of cellulosic material is wound. Typically, the core is hollow and water-impervious.
[I I] The filter element may include two of the wound bodies. The wound bodies may each have a hollow core and may be housed in a common housing or sleeve and are typically axiall aligned.
[12] The filter element may include an oil or fuel pervious or permeable spacing layer, e.g. a foraminous or mesh-like material layer, sandwiched between the wound bodies, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores. [13] According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of making an axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the method including winding a length of a cellulosic material of at least two plies around a core to form a wound body of cellulosic material, the cellulosic material being under a tension of at least 2.4 N when being wound.
[14] The cellulosic material may have a basis mass as hereinbefore described.
[15] The invention also extends to a method of making an axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the method including winding a length of a cellulosic material around a core to form a wound body of cellulosic material, the cellulosic material being under a tension of at least 2.4 N when being wound and having a basis mass of between 12g/m 2 and 36g/m2.
[16] The cellulosic material may be under a tension of less than 11.8 N when being wound.
[17] Preferably, the cellulosic material is under a tension of between about 2.9 N and about 8.8 N when being wound, more preferably between about 3.9 N and about 7.8 N, e.g. about 5.8 N.
[18] The cellulosic material may be wound around a core. The core may be hollow and may consist predominantly of a cellulosic material, but with a much higher basis mass than the cellulosic material making up the wound body, e.g. cardboard. The core may have a diameter of between about 18 mm and about 40 mm, preferably between about 20 mm and about 36 mm, e.g. about 25 mm.
[19] The method may include cutting the wound body to a desired end-to-end length.
[20] The method may include sleeving the wound body of cellulosic material in a tightly fitting open-ended sleeve. This may include radially compressing the wound body with a compressive force, inserting the wound body in the sleeve, and removing the compressive force. In one embodiment of the invention, the sleeve consists predominantly of a cellulosic material, but with a much higher basis mass than the cell ulosic material making up the wound body of cellulosic material, e.g. cardboard.
[21] In another embodiment of the invention, the sleeve includes or is a metal sleeve, e.g. an aluminium sleeve.
[22] The method may include forming two of the wound bodies of cellulosic material on hollow cores, and sleeving both bodies in a common sleeve, the wound bodies being axially aligned. The method may further include locating an oil or fuel pervious or permeable spacing layer between the wound bodies of cellulosic material, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores. In one embodiment of the invention, the spacing layer is a woven mesh of a synthetic plastics or polymeric material.
[23] Winding the length of a cellulosic material around the core may include unwinding a driven roll of the cellulosic material and winding the cellulosic material about the core, which is also driven. [24] The method may include gradually increasing the rotational speed of the roll which is being unwound and gradually decreasing the rotational speed of the core on which the length of cellulosic material is being wound, whilst controlling the tension in the length of cellulosic material being wound.
[25] The invention further extends to a filter element made in accordance with the method of the invention, the filter element being capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
[26] The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which
[27] Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional view of one embodiment of a filter element in accordance with the invention;
[28] Figure 2 shows a longitudinally sectioned view of the filter element of Figure 1;
[29] Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional view of another embodiment of a filter element in accordance with the invention;
[30] Figure 4 shows a longitudinally sectioned view of the filter element of Figure 3;
[31] Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional view of a filter unit which can be used with the filter element of Figure 1; and
[32] Figure 6 shows a side view of the filter unit of Figure 5, with parts omitted for clarity.
[33] Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, reference numeral 10 generally indicates an axial flow oil of fuel filter element in accordance with the invention. The filter element 10 comprises a hollow open-ended water-impervious core or inner tube 12, a coaxial water-impervious open-ended outer tube or sleeve 14 and a wound body 16 comprising a two-ply length of cellulosic material.
[34] The core 12 and sleeve 14 are of cardboard with a thickness of about 2 mm. Typically, the sleeve has a diameter ranging between about 90 mm and about 140 mm for various embodiments or models of the filter element, with the filter element 10 having a length varying between about 20 mm and about 175 mm. The core 12 typically has a diameter of about 25 mm or about 32 mm.
[35] In one embodiment of the invention, the wound body 16 is formed from a two-ply cellulosic material sold as 'Wipes Jumbo Wiper Roll' (Item No. 91020) by Kimberly- Clark of South Africa (Pty) Limited. This cellulosic material has a basis mass for the combined plies of 33 g/m2.
[36] In order to manufacture the filter element 10, the two-ply length of cellulosic material is wound around the core 12 whilst being kept under a tension of about 5.8 N to form the wound body 16, whereafter the wound body 16 and the core 12 are forced into the sleeve 14, after the body 16 has been compressed.
[37] The filter element 10 can be used with a filter unit, such as the filter unit shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings and generally indicated by reference numeral 20 in order to filter oil or fuel in automotive applications. The filter unit 20 comprises a base 22 and a lid 24, with a mounting formation 26 cast integrally with the base 22. An open-ended circular cylindrical housing 28 (not shown in Figure 6) is located between the base 22 and the lid 24.
[38] As shown in Figure 6, the filter unit 20 includes a flow guide 30 defining a liquid inlet 32. The lid 24 is bolted to the flow guide 30 by means of a bolt 34. A liquid or filtrate outlet 36 is radially spaced from the liquid inlet 32.
[39] In use, the filter element 10 is received inside the housing 28 and tightly clamped in position between the base 22 and the lid 24 by means of the bolt 34. Oil or diesel to be filtered is fed through the inlet 32 into the flow guide 30 and flows upwardly to leave the flow guide 30 by means of apertures (not shown) underneath the lid 24. The oil or fuel then flows axially, downwardly through the wound body 16, before being collected on the base 22 and discharged through the outlet 36.
[40] Referring to Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings, reference numeral 40 generally indicates another embodiment of a filter element in accordance with the invention. The filter element 40 is similar to the filter element 10 and, unless otherwise indicated, the same reference numerals are thus used to indicate the same or similar parts or features.
[41] Unlike the filter element 10, the filter element 40 comprises two of the wound bodies 16, each on its own hollow core 12. However, a common open-ended sleeve 14 captures both wound bodies 16.
[42] Between the wound bodies 16 and between the cores 12, a spacing layer of a hard synthetic PVC mesh or sieve 42 is sandwiched. The mesh 42 does not provide an obstruction between open ends of the cores 12 where they meet, thus allowing a flow guide or other object similar to the flow guide 30 to be inserted through both cores 12.
[43] The filter element 40 allows axial filtration of oil or fuel from both ends towards the mesh 24. Advantageously, the filter element 40 provides for a larger flow rate than the filter element 10, or equivalent flow rates but at a higher filtration efficiency or a lower pressure drop. As will be appreciated, the mesh 42 acts as a filtrate collecting fonnation to allow filtrate to be drained from the wound bodies 16 into the hollow interiors of the cores 12, from where the filtrate is removed.
[44] As will also be appreciated, the filter element 40 can not be used with the filter unit 20, as it requires the oil or fuel to be fed from both ends of the filter element. However, a filter unit similar to the filter unit 20, but with the necessary modifications, can be used with the filter element 40.
[45] The filter elements 10, 40 can typically be used on oil type fluids with a maximum recommended viscosity of 100 cSt at temperatures of up to 100 °C. Typically, the filter elements 10, 40 will remove water from oil or diesel fuel to less than 20 ppm whilst at the same time removing 99.9 % of solid particles of a size greater than lμm in diameter, when operated at the correct flow rate. Preferably, the ideal linear flow velocity of liquid through the filter elements 10, 40 should be between 0.2 m min and 0.6 m min whilst the pressure drop across the filter element should not exceed 20 kPa. The filter elements 10, 40 can hold upwards of 75 ml of water per wound body and can be used either on the suction side or the pressure side of relatively low pressure (less than 700 kPa) oil or fuel pump circuits. A major advantage of the filter element 10, 40 is that it is environmentally friendly, as a used filter element can be combusted in its entirety.

Claims

Claims
[I] An axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the filter element including at least one wound body comprising a multilayer length of cellulosic material of at least two plies.
[2] The element as claimed in claim 1, in which the wound body is capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute. [3] The element as claimed in claim 2, in which the wound body is capable of reducing the water content under the conditions mentioned in claim 2 to less than 20 ppm. [4] The element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the wound body comprises a two-ply length of cellulosic material and which is an internal combustion engine fuel or oil filter element. [5] The element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the cellulosic material has a basis mass, for the combined plies, of between about 12 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2. [6] The element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes a water-impervious sleeve or housing within which the wound body is held. [7] The element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes a water-impervious hollow core around which the length of cellulosic material is wound. [8] The element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes two of the wound bodies on hollow cores, the wound bodies being housed in a common housing or sleeve and being axially aligned. [9] The element as claimed in claim 8, which includes an oil or fuel pervious spacing layer sandwiched between the wound bodies, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores. [10] A method of making an axial flow oil or fuel filter element, the method including winding a length of a cellulosic material of at least two plies around a core to form a wound body of cellulosic material, the cellulosic material being under a tension of at least 2.4 N when being wound.
[I I] The method as claimed in claim 10, in which the cellulosic material has a basis mass, for the combined plies, of between about 12 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2.
[12] The method as claimed in claim 11, in which the cellulosic material has a basis mass, for the combined plies, of between about 16 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2.
[13] The method as claimed in claim 12, in which the cellulosic material has a basis mass, for the combined plies, of between about 30 g/m2 and about 36 g/m2.
[14] The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 13 inclusive, in which the cellulosic material is under a tension of less than 11.8 N when being wound. [15] The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 14 inclusive, in which the cellulosic material is under a tension of between about 2.9 N and about 8.8 N when being wound.
[16] The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 15 inclusive, in which the cellulosic material is wound around a hollow core consisting predominantly of a cellulosic material, but with a much higher basis mass than the cellulosic material making up the wound body.
[17] The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 16 inclusive, which includes sleeving the wound body of cellulosic material in a tightly fitting open-ended sleeve, the sleeve consisting predominantly of a cellulosic material, but with a much higher basis mass than the cellulosic material making up the wound body of cellulosic material.
[18] The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 17 inclusive, which includes forming two of the wound bodies of cellulosic material on hollow cores, and sleeving both bodies in a common sleeve, the wound bodies being axially aligned, and the method further including locating an oil or fuel pervious spacing layer between the wound bodies of cellulosic material, the spacing layer being in flow communication with the hollow interiors of the cores.
[ 19] The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 18 inclusive, which includes winding the length of a cellulosic material around a core by unwinding a driven roll of the cellulosic material and winding the cellulosic material about the core, which is also driven, the method further including gradually increasing the rotational speed of the roll which is being unwound and gradually decreasing the rotational speed of the core on which the length of cellulosic material is being wound, whilst controlling the tension in the length of cellulosic material being wound.
[20] A filter element made in accordance with the method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 19 inclusive, the filter element being capable of filtering internal combustion engine fuel or oil having a water content of 1 % to reduce the water content in a single pass to less than 50 ppm at an oil or fuel flow rate of not less than 4 litres per minute.
PCT/IB2004/051301 2003-07-29 2004-07-27 A filter element WO2005009587A1 (en)

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ZA200305830 2003-07-29

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2512797A (en) * 1945-09-28 1950-06-27 Bowser Inc Filter cartridge
US2537898A (en) * 1948-11-05 1951-01-09 Hunter Filter unit
US2656929A (en) * 1947-11-22 1953-10-27 Bowser Inc Dehydrator cartridge
US2731183A (en) * 1952-03-14 1956-01-17 Ernest C Shaw Making oil filter cartridges
EP0276795A2 (en) * 1987-01-26 1988-08-03 Paul Couwenbergs Filtering device for polluted liquids
US4792397A (en) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-20 Harvard Corporation Filter apparatus with sealing collector and flow control element
US4869820A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-09-26 Gary Karlin Filter apparatus for fluids with co-axially stacked filter elements
EP0556506A1 (en) * 1992-02-19 1993-08-25 Gilbert Broom Modular filter system
US5271850A (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-12-21 Stutzman Leo W Liquid filtration with flow-through filter unit
US5846636A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-12-08 Fort James France Multi-layer sheet of absorbent paper and its manufacturing method

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2512797A (en) * 1945-09-28 1950-06-27 Bowser Inc Filter cartridge
US2656929A (en) * 1947-11-22 1953-10-27 Bowser Inc Dehydrator cartridge
US2537898A (en) * 1948-11-05 1951-01-09 Hunter Filter unit
US2731183A (en) * 1952-03-14 1956-01-17 Ernest C Shaw Making oil filter cartridges
EP0276795A2 (en) * 1987-01-26 1988-08-03 Paul Couwenbergs Filtering device for polluted liquids
US4792397A (en) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-20 Harvard Corporation Filter apparatus with sealing collector and flow control element
US4869820A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-09-26 Gary Karlin Filter apparatus for fluids with co-axially stacked filter elements
US5271850A (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-12-21 Stutzman Leo W Liquid filtration with flow-through filter unit
EP0556506A1 (en) * 1992-02-19 1993-08-25 Gilbert Broom Modular filter system
US5846636A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-12-08 Fort James France Multi-layer sheet of absorbent paper and its manufacturing method

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