WO2005007913A1 - Eisengusswerkstoff - Google Patents
Eisengusswerkstoff Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005007913A1 WO2005007913A1 PCT/EP2004/007914 EP2004007914W WO2005007913A1 WO 2005007913 A1 WO2005007913 A1 WO 2005007913A1 EP 2004007914 W EP2004007914 W EP 2004007914W WO 2005007913 A1 WO2005007913 A1 WO 2005007913A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
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- material according
- weight
- cast iron
- cast
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cast iron material with lamellar graphite, which is particularly suitable for the manufacture of brake disks, light and heavy engine blocks and cylinder heads.
- cast iron with lamellar graphite (gray cast iron) is a popular construction material. Therefore, blocks for internal combustion engines are typically cast from cast iron materials of the type in question.
- the requirements regarding high tensile strengths can basically be met by reducing the carbon and silicon content or the degree of saturation and by alloying Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn or Mo up to a total content of the alloyed elements of up to about 2%.
- the resistance to thermomechanical fatigue can also be set sufficiently high in this way.
- the demand for high thermal conductivity cannot be met by reducing the carbon and silicon content or the degree of saturation or alloying with certain alloying elements, since the thermal conductivity of gray cast iron is known to be a function of the amount of graphite contained in the cast and decreases with decreasing amounts of graphite , The alloyed elements also generally lead to a decrease in thermal conductivity.
- an iron casting material for the production of camshafts is known from EP 1 213 071 A2 which (in% by weight) 3.5 - 3.7% C, 0.9 - 1.1% Si, up to 1% Mn as well as lanthanum not bound to sulfur with a share of 0.02 - 0.05% and optionally 0.3 - 0.6% Cr, 0.1 - 1.0% Cu, 0, May contain 3-0.6% Mo and 0.02-0.05% Ti.
- the addition of lanthanum to the known material was carried out with the aim of increasing the hardness of the material and causing grain refinement to improve the tribological behavior.
- EP 1 004 789 AI Another example of an iron casting material with lamellar graphite is known from EP 1 004 789 AI.
- This material is used for the production of brake discs, which are characterized by an increased service life.
- the casting material known from EP 1 004 789 Al in weight% 3.9-4.2% C, 0.7-1.2% Si, up to 0.02% P, up to 0 , 02% S and up to 0.05% AI included.
- the known material may contain Mn, V, Cu and Cr, the total proportion of these alloying elements not exceeding 1.6%.
- a brake disc made from such a material is characterized by a particularly high thermal conductivity with good toughness.
- the known alloy was specifically tested on the basis of an exemplary embodiment which (in% by weight) 4.1% C, 1.0% Si, 0.02% P, 0.03% S, 0.3% Mn, 0 , 01% V, 0.4% Cu, 0.3% Mo and 0.015% Al contained.
- the object of the invention was to create an alloy concept which makes it possible in a simple manner to set the optimum properties for a wide range of products by varying the contents of the respective alloy components.
- an iron casting material with lamellar graphite which has the following composition (in% by weight):
- the invention provides an Fe-C-Si-X cast alloy which has in particular a combination of properties which is optimized both with regard to its strength and with regard to its thermal conductivity and castability and in which the risk of a gradual decrease in the good properties occurring in practical casting operation is reduced Minimum is reduced.
- the cast iron material according to the invention is largely free of undesired or unnecessary elements and by-products.
- the sulfur and oxygen levels are measured in such a way that they no longer have a disruptive influence on the properties of the iron material. This ensures that the iron lattice is cleaned and contains sufficient free capacity to hold the required foreign atoms.
- minimum levels of oxygen and sulfur are prescribed because both elements serve as building blocks for the formation of crystallization nuclei.
- the contents of carbon and silicon are dimensioned such that even with a comparatively wide variation in the degree of saturation S, the amount of eutectic graphite MEG remains high.
- the amount of eutectic graphite MEG present in the cast material according to the invention far exceeds that of normal cast iron. Its MEG value is usually only around 1.85% by weight. In the cast material according to the invention thus a 10% to 20% higher volume share is available. This excess is a decisive advantage of the iron casting material according to the invention compared to conventional iron material.
- the material according to the invention thus has a significantly superior self-feeding capacity for the purpose of compensating for the shrinkage of the iron by expanding the graphite compared to conventional cast material. In practical casting operations, this property leads to a significant increase in the reliability with which high-quality cast products are produced.
- the reducing melt treatment by inoculation should strictly depend on the respective level of the oxygen and / or sulfur content.
- the invention provides elements whose atomic radius does not differ too much from that of iron.
- the deviation is preferably up to max. 2%.
- the alloying elements should not be strong carbide formers and should not directly segregate. According to the invention, it is therefore provided that, if necessary, copper, nickel, manganese or molybdenum is alloyed to the iron material in order to adjust its required properties. Tin can also be added for this purpose, the atomic radius of which is up to 50% larger than that of iron.
- the iron casting material according to the invention contains copper in amounts of 0.4% by weight to 0.6% by weight in order to promote the formation of pearlite without negative effects on the desired high graphitization.
- Another positive effect of the presence of Cu is that directions of segregation are formed on this element.
- the range of Cu contents is limited to 0.45-0.55 in order to achieve these effects.
- the alloy according to the invention can also contain nickel in contents of 0.05-0.8% by weight, preferably 0.05-0.7% by weight. In combination with Ni or alone, nitrogen contents of 0.05-0.08% by weight can also be provided. Both alloying elements ensure that the strength of the finished casting is maintained even in the event of a partial pearlite fall. Therefore, Ni and N are preferably present in the iron material according to the invention in combination or individually, in particular if cast parts are produced which, due to their shape or mass, cool slowly with the risk that pearlite will decompose. The rule should be that the contents of Ni and / or N are higher, the larger the module of the respective casting.
- module refers to the ratio of the cast part volume to the heat-emitting surface, for which "cm” is usually used as the unit of measurement.
- Mn in the range from 0.4% by weight to 0.7% by weight also support pearlite formation.
- manganese is also added in particular in order to form segregation directions on manganese.
- the Mn contents can be limited to the range from 0.45 to 0.65% by weight in order to achieve this effect.
- the maximum phosphorus content is limited to 0.04% by weight in order to minimize the formation of phosphideutectic which would be detrimental to the toughness of the material.
- sulfur content is also limited to a maximum of 0.04% by weight in order to avoid sulfide formation.
- the contents of at least 0.01% by weight provided according to the invention are used for nucleation, which leads to finely divided oxysulfides.
- Ce the higher the respective S content, the higher the Ce content.
- the oxysulfides formed by cerium in conjunction with sulfur promote the formation of graphite and increase the strength and hardness of the material without reducing the toughness of the material.
- Mo can be added to the iron casting material according to the invention in contents of 0.15% by weight to 0.45% by weight in order to block dislocation movements in the event of thermal stress due to diffusion from the iron grid and thereby to prevent crack formation.
- the security with which the properties of the material according to the invention which are obtained by adding Mo can be increased by limiting the upper limit of the Mo content to 0.35% by weight or the lower limit to 0.2 % By weight is raised.
- Tin contents which are 0.05% by weight to 0.15% by weight, lead to the formation of a micro segregation zone around the graphite lamellae when the casting remains in the mold for a longer time and prevent the carbon from diffusing into the graphite basic matrix.
- strontium favors the nucleation and formation of a structure that is favorable in terms of the desired properties.
- at least 0.0005 wt% Sr is required.
- the content is more than 0.01% by weight, there is no longer any positive effect.
- Sr is present in a content of 0.0005 to 0.002% by weight.
- Levels of lanthanum in the range of 0.005-0.02% by weight have a favorable effect on the castability of the cast alloy according to the invention and promote the hardness of the material and its tribological behavior by causing grain refinement.
- vanadium is added to the alloy according to the invention in order to increase the hardness and tensile strength of the material. Vanadium alloys the cementite of pearlite and leads to the formation of shorter, rounded lamellae of lamellar graphite, with the result that the hardness and toughness increase. If vanadium is added to an alloy according to the invention for this purpose, this can take place depending on the module of the respective component in order to reliably achieve the desired success. The V content should increase with increasing thickness. Practical trials have shown that optimal
- the cast part properties if the V content is 0.025 - 0.035% by weight for a module of the respective cast part of 0.25 - 0.65 cm, the V content> 0.035 - for a module of 0.65 - 1.2 cm 0.065% by weight and with a module above 1.2 cm the V content is more than 0.055-0.1 % By weight. If the content according to the invention is more than 0.1% by weight, the solubility limit is exceeded.
- a variant of the alloy according to the invention which is particularly suitable for the production of brake discs is characterized in that its carbon contents are in the range from 3.8 to 4.1% by weight.
- the relatively high carbon content leads to strengths in the range of 150 to 200 MPa.
- castings produced from the alloys composed in this way have a high thermal conductivity with equally high toughness.
- the silicon content is preferably in the range from 0.9 to 1.2% by weight.
- Another variant of the invention provides for the casting of castings in which high strength combined with good thermal conductivity is paramount that the C content is in the range from 3.4 to 3.8% by weight, in particular 3% by weight. 4 - 3.6 wt .-% is.
- the iron casting material according to the invention composed in this way has high tensile strengths, which in the cast state regularly amount to more than 300 MPa.
- the Si content of the alloy is 1.15-1.4% by weight, in particular 1.2-1.4% by weight, in order to avoid the risk of reoxidation during casting counteracted with reduced C contents.
- the oxygen content of an iron casting alloy according to the invention is of particular importance.
- the speed and extent of nucleation are determined by the 0 2 content controlled.
- An increase in the oxygen content leads to rapid particle growth, while lower oxygen contents result in less growth.
- These effects are achieved at 0 2 contents which are in the range from 30 to 70 ppm.
- brake disks or similarly designed components are produced from the alloy according to the invention, the structure can be optimally achieved via the oxygen content by limiting the oxygen contents to 30 to 40 ppm.
- thin-walled cast parts such as light engine blocks or the like with a module of 0.1 to 0.4 cm, high 0 2 contents of 50 to 70 ppm have proven to be favorable, since they promote rapid grain growth within the short cooling time.
- the high tensile strengths of a cast material according to the invention can be assured particularly reliably by the fact that in the cast iron material according to the invention more than 50% of the oxygen contained in it is present in an oxide type whose starting temperature for the reduction with oxygen is above 1,700 K.
- the cast iron material according to the invention also has good corrosion resistance. Because of this special combination of properties, the cast iron material according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing brake disks and engine blocks or cylinder heads for internal combustion engines.
- the high tensile strengths in combination with the good castability, machinability and high thermal conductivity make the material according to the invention particularly suitable for use as a material for the production of blocks for modern diesel engines, in which the combustion process leads to extremely high pressure loads comes in the area of the combustion chamber.
- cast iron alloys according to the invention have been cast with the compositions B1 - B7 of truck brake disks given in Table 1 in% by weight, whose Sc value,% MEG value, tensile strength R and Brinell hardness HB are given in Table 1b.
- Table 1b also contains an evaluation of the structure of the products obtained in each case.
- the truck brake disks cast from the alloys listed in Table la consistently have tensile strengths in the range from 160 to 230 MPa.
- the hardness values are in the range from 147 to 220, so that the brake discs not only have high strength, but also good wear resistance. Furthermore, they have excellent thermal conductivity so that they can safely absorb and dissipate the forces acting on them even under high loads.
- Table 2a shows the contents of C, Si, S, Mn, Cu, V, Mo, Sn and Ni for alloys Dl-D5 of cast iron materials according to the invention, from which thin-walled car engine blocks with a 0.7-0.8 cm amount module have been cast.
- the alloys D1-D6 in question each contained 60 ppm by weight of O 2 and 0.01% by weight of La.
- Table 2b contains the associated values% MEG, SC, the tensile strength Rm and the Brinell hardness HB averaged over different measuring locations as well as an evaluation of the structure.
- Table 3a shows the contents of C, Si, S, Mn, Cu, V, Mo, Sn and Ni for alloys ZI - Z6 of cast iron materials according to the invention, from which 100 kg (alloys ZI - Z4) and 400 kg (alloys Z5, Z6) heavy cylinder heads have been cast.
- the module of the 100 kg cylinder heads was between 2.5 - 3 cm, while the module of the 400 kg cylinder heads was 1 cm.
- the alloys ZI-Z6 in each case contained 40 ppm by weight of 0 2 and 0.01% by weight of La.
- Table 3b contains the associated values% MEG and SC, the tensile strength Rm and the Brinell hardness HB as well as an evaluation of the structure.
- one (in% by weight) is 3.6% C, 1.35% Si, 0.1% Sn, 0.5% Mn, 0.5% Cu, 0.01% V, 0.2 % Mo, 40 ppm by weight 0 2 and 0.03% S and a cast iron alloy according to the invention as the remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, a heavy crankcase was cast.
- the alloy's SC was 0.93 and its% MEG was 1.98.
- the finished housing had a tensile strength Rm of 320 MPa and a finely structured pearlitic structure.
- the invention thus provides an iron casting material which has a superior range of properties which can be varied over a wide range.
- the material according to the invention is characterized by particularly good machinability. Its high tensile strength makes it possible to produce known cast structures, which were previously only made from conventional gray cast iron, with higher strengths, without the need for complex redesigns.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502004005766T DE502004005766D1 (de) | 2003-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Eisengusswerkstoff |
EP04741074A EP1646732B1 (de) | 2003-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Eisengusswerkstoff |
MXPA06000901A MXPA06000901A (es) | 2003-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Material de hierro fundido. |
JP2006519885A JP2007527951A (ja) | 2003-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | 鋳鉄材料 |
US10/563,181 US20070023106A1 (en) | 2003-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Cast iron material |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03016137 | 2003-07-16 | ||
EP03016137.6 | 2003-07-16 | ||
EPPCT/EP03/10603 | 2003-09-24 | ||
EP0310603 | 2003-09-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005007913A1 true WO2005007913A1 (de) | 2005-01-27 |
Family
ID=34081803
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/007914 WO2005007913A1 (de) | 2003-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Eisengusswerkstoff |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1646732B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE502004005766D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2298771T3 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA06000901A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005007913A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004028902A1 (de) * | 2004-06-15 | 2006-01-26 | Buderus Guss Gmbh | Bremsscheibe |
RU2475563C1 (ru) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-02-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Чугун |
CN113046622A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 南通虹冈铸钢有限公司 | 一种提高d7003球墨铸铁淬火硬度的加工工艺 |
CN114150214A (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-08 | 东港市辽成机械有限公司 | 一种ht200灰铸铁及其制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007006973A1 (de) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-14 | M. Busch Gmbh & Co Kg | Gusseisenlegierung mit Lamellengraphit |
SE535043C2 (sv) | 2010-12-02 | 2012-03-27 | Scania Cv Ab | Gråjärnslegering samt bromsskiva innefattande gråjärnslegering |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3311185A1 (de) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-09-27 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Unlegierter grauguss fuer pauling-kessel |
US5242510A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1993-09-07 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Alloyed grey iron having high thermal fatigue resistance and good machinability |
EP1004789A2 (de) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-05-31 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH & Co. KG | Bremsscheibe für Nutzfahrzeuge |
EP1213071A2 (de) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-12 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Eisengusslegierung zum Herstellen einer Nockenwelle sowie Nockenwelle mit angegossenen Nocken |
-
2004
- 2004-07-16 WO PCT/EP2004/007914 patent/WO2005007913A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2004-07-16 DE DE502004005766T patent/DE502004005766D1/de active Active
- 2004-07-16 MX MXPA06000901A patent/MXPA06000901A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-07-16 ES ES04741074T patent/ES2298771T3/es active Active
- 2004-07-16 EP EP04741074A patent/EP1646732B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3311185A1 (de) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-09-27 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Unlegierter grauguss fuer pauling-kessel |
US5242510A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1993-09-07 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Alloyed grey iron having high thermal fatigue resistance and good machinability |
EP1004789A2 (de) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-05-31 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH & Co. KG | Bremsscheibe für Nutzfahrzeuge |
EP1213071A2 (de) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-12 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Eisengusslegierung zum Herstellen einer Nockenwelle sowie Nockenwelle mit angegossenen Nocken |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004028902A1 (de) * | 2004-06-15 | 2006-01-26 | Buderus Guss Gmbh | Bremsscheibe |
DE102004028902B4 (de) * | 2004-06-15 | 2017-11-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bremsscheibe |
RU2475563C1 (ru) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-02-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Чугун |
CN113046622A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 南通虹冈铸钢有限公司 | 一种提高d7003球墨铸铁淬火硬度的加工工艺 |
CN114150214A (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-08 | 东港市辽成机械有限公司 | 一种ht200灰铸铁及其制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1646732A1 (de) | 2006-04-19 |
ES2298771T3 (es) | 2008-05-16 |
EP1646732B1 (de) | 2007-12-19 |
DE502004005766D1 (de) | 2008-01-31 |
MXPA06000901A (es) | 2006-05-04 |
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