WO2005002816A1 - Method and device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials - Google Patents

Method and device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005002816A1
WO2005002816A1 PCT/EP2004/006873 EP2004006873W WO2005002816A1 WO 2005002816 A1 WO2005002816 A1 WO 2005002816A1 EP 2004006873 W EP2004006873 W EP 2004006873W WO 2005002816 A1 WO2005002816 A1 WO 2005002816A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gap
plasticizing
plastic
outer cylinder
rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/006873
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Johannes Wortberg
Dirk Kaczmarek
Original Assignee
Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority to DE200411000980 priority Critical patent/DE112004000980B4/en
Publication of WO2005002816A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005002816A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/50—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with rotary casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
    • B29B13/022—Melting the material to be shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0036—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting of large particles, e.g. beads, granules, pellets, flakes, slices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/823—Temperature control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/361—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die with the barrel or with a part thereof rotating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/79—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling of preformed parts or layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2709/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2703/00 - B29K2707/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2709/08—Glass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials, in particular recycled material containing fibers.
  • Such fibers used as reinforcing material are regularly glass fibers.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a device by means of which recycled material containing fibers can be melted in a simple manner, the fibers being intended to remain undestroyed as far as possible.
  • the essence of the invention is that the recyclate is melted in the plasticizing gap between the gap walls with the supply of external heat.
  • the plasticizing gap narrows on the way from the supply of the plastic to be melted to the outlet of the melted plastic.
  • the plasticizing gap forming the device according to the invention between two rotationally drivable cylinders, namely an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the melting taking place in a path of less than one revolution of the cylinders. There is practically no conversion of mechanical energy into heat, so that fibers contained in the plastic are not mechanically stressed and are therefore not destroyed.
  • FIG. 1 is a general perspective view of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a first exemplary embodiment of the invention along the section line II-II in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 3 shows a horizontal section through the first exemplary embodiment of the invention along the section line III-III in FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4 shows a detail IV of Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale compared to Fig. 3 and
  • the device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials shown in the drawing has a housing 1 which has a base 3 connected to the outer housing wall 2.
  • the housing 1 is closed on its upper side by means of a housing cover 4.
  • An inner cylinder 5 is arranged in the housing 1 and can be driven in rotation about a vertical axis 6 which is stationary with respect to the housing 1, by means of a motor 7 which is arranged on the underside of the housing 1.
  • the inner cylinder 5 is surrounded by an outer cylinder 8, which can also be driven in rotation about a vertical axis 9, which therefore runs parallel to the axis 6 of the inner cylinder 5, but is arranged eccentrically to the latter.
  • the outer cylinder 8 is driven by a motor 10, which is also provided on the underside of the housing 1.
  • the drive takes place via a pinion 11 and a ring gear 12 attached to the outside of the outer cylinder 8.
  • the outer cylinder 8 can be adjusted together with its motor 10 in the horizontal direction, that is to say transversely to the vertical axis 9, in the adjustment direction 13, so that the eccentricity e of the two axes 6, 9 can be changed.
  • the dust bar 15 can consist of two interlocking strips 18, 19, which can be adjusted radially to the axes 6, 9 to each other, so that when the eccentricity e changes, the strips 18, 19 can be adjusted relative to one another in such a way that the dust bar 15 blocks the plasticizing gap 14. locks completely in the circumferential direction of the cylinders 5, 8.
  • the storage surface 20 of the dust bar 15 facing the outlet opening 17 can run obliquely towards the outlet opening 17, so that it has a certain conveying effect towards the outlet opening 17.
  • a stationary outer heater 22 is arranged, which heats the outer cylinder 8 from its outside.
  • the electrical heater 22 is supplied with current by a current source 23 and regulated by means of a regulator 24, which is connected, among other things, to a temperature sensor 25 located in the vicinity of the outer cylinder 8.
  • a stationary heater 26 which is supplied with current in the same way by the current source 23 and regulated by means of a regulator 27 which is connected to a temperature sensor 28 located in the vicinity of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5 ,
  • the stationary inner heater 26 is carried by the housing cover 4 as a holding plate.
  • the heaters can also be designed as controllable gas heaters.
  • the space 21 and the plasticizing gap 14 are closed by means of an annular inner cover 29.
  • In the inner cover 29 there is a feed opening 30, just as in the housing cover 4, above which a feed hopper 31 for thermoplastic material to be plasticized is arranged.
  • the thermoplastic to be plasticized is fed to this by means of a loading unit 32, for example in the form of a conveyor belt.
  • the surfaces of the inner cylinder 5 and outer cylinder 8 delimiting the plasticizing gap 14 can be provided with a fine surface profile 33 to improve the entrainment of plastic to be plasticized.
  • the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 differs from FIGS. 2 to 4 in that the outer cylinder 8 'is also driven by the motor 7 which drives the inner cylinder 5 ' .
  • an output 34 for example in the form of a belt drive, is provided, which is driven by the motor 7, which in turn is coupled to the pinion 11 via an articulated shaft 35, so that displacements of the outer cylinder 8 ' in the adjustment direction 13 are possible.
  • the outlet opening is not provided at the bottom, but rather that an outlet opening 17 ′ is formed at the top in the inner cover 29 and correspondingly in the housing cover 4, so that the plasticized material can emerge at the top .
  • an annular gap base 36 is formed on the inner cylinder 5 ', which therefore rotates with the inner cylinder 5 ' and which also engages under the outer cylinder 8 ' , so that it can be adjusted in the manner described.
  • the drive by means of only one motor 7 can also be used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the outlet opening 17 ′ can of course also be provided on the upper side of the plasticizing gap 14 in the embodiment with two motors 7, 10.
  • the mode of action is as follows: Plastic, in particular recycled glass fiber, is fed into the plasticizing gap 14 via the feed hopper 31 by means of the loading unit 32.
  • the heaters 22, 26 are switched on and are regulated in such a way that the inner cylinder 5 or 5 'and the outer cylinder 8 or 8' each have a predetermined temperature.
  • the cylinders 5, 5 'and 8, 8 ' are driven in the same direction in the direction of rotation 16.
  • the speed is selected so that the plastic to be treated has a residence time in the device of 10 to 1000 seconds. With practical dimensions of a device and practical throughputs, speeds result in the order of magnitude of approximately 1 min "1.
  • the speed is in any case very low, so that the plastic on the way from the feed opening 30 to the dust bar 15
  • the rotary drive is carried out either at the same speed or with a slight speed difference, the ratio of the speeds being a maximum of 1: 3.
  • the outer cylinder 8 or 8 ' is the slower-running cylinder same speed.
  • the dust bar 15 does not necessarily have to be arranged at the narrowest point of the plasticizing gap 14; likewise, the feed opening 30 does not have to be at the farthest point.
  • the task of eccentricity e is to reduce the respective path radially to the axes 6 or 9 from the inner cylinder 5 or 5 'or the outer cylinder 8 or 8' to the plastic to be reprocessed and thus lead to better heat input ,
  • compression of the plastic is achieved by narrowing the plasticizing gap 14 via the conveying path.
  • the radial adjustability of the dust bar 15 ensures that an adjustable leak gap 37 is generated, so that plastic which has already plasticized can be brought back into the area of the plastic task by means of such a leak gap 37.
  • the warm plasticized plastic then warms up the freshly supplied cold plastic; the overall heat supply is thereby improved.
  • leakage gaps 37 can be adjustable both between the dust bar 15 and the inner cylinder 5, 5 'and between the dust bar 15 and the outer cylinder 8, 8'.
  • a corresponding gap 37 must be formed anyway between the dust bar 15 and the inner cylinder 15 or 15 'and the outer cylinder 8 or 8'. In order not to allow such a gap 37 to become too large, elastic sealing lips 38 can be attached to the dust bar 15, which are indicated in FIG. 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

A method for plasticizing thermoplastic material is carried out on a device having an outer cylinder (8), which can be rotationally driven, and an inner cylinder (5), which is mounted therein in a manner that enables it to be rotationally driven. A plasticizing gap (14) is formed between the cylinders (5, 8). A supply (30) is provided, which serves to supply plastic to be melted and which leads, from the top, into the plasticizing gap (14), and an outlet (17) is provided, which is located downstream from said supply (30) in the direction of rotation and which serves to discharge melted plastic. In addition, at least one heater (22, 26) is provided for heating the plastic in the plasticizing gap (14). The plasticizing gap (14) narrows in the direction of rotation.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Plastifizieren thermoplastischer KunststoffeProcess and device for plasticizing thermoplastics
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Plastifizie- ren thermoplastischer Kunststoffe, insbesondere von Fasern enthaltendem Recyclat.The invention relates to a method and a device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials, in particular recycled material containing fibers.
Die Wieder- Aufarbeitung von Kunststoff -Recyclat nimmt eine immer größere Bedeutung an. Die Wieder-Aufarbeitμng in Extrudern ist ohne weite- res möglich; insbesondere bei langfaserverstärkten thermoplastischenThe reprocessing of plastic recyclate is becoming increasingly important. Reprocessing in extruders is easily possible; especially with long fiber reinforced thermoplastic
Kunststoffen taucht das Problem auf, dass bei der Wieder- Aufarbeitung im Extruder ein zu großer Teil der Fasern durch die intensive mechanische Bearbeitung, nämlich durch Dissipation, zerstört wird. Bei derartigen als Verstärkungsmaterial eingesetzten Fasern handelt es sich regelmäßig um Glasfasern.Plastics face the problem that when reprocessing in the extruder, too much of the fibers are destroyed by intensive mechanical processing, namely by dissipation. Such fibers used as reinforcing material are regularly glass fibers.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mittels derer in einfacher Weise Fasern enthaltendes Recyclat aufgeschmolzen werden kann, wobei die Fasern möglichst unzerstört bleiben sollen.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a device by means of which recycled material containing fibers can be melted in a simple manner, the fibers being intended to remain undestroyed as far as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 und durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 9 gelöst. Der Kern der Erfindung liegt darin, dass das Re- cyclat im Plastifizier-Spalt zwischen den Spaltwänden unter Fremdwärmezufuhr aufgeschmolzen wird. Der Plastifizier-Spalt verengt sich auf dem Wege von der Zuführung des aufzuschmelzenden Kunststoffes bis zum Auslass des aufgeschmolzenen Kunststoffes. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bildenden Plastifizier-Spalt zwischen zwei drehantreibbaren Zylindern, nämlich einem inneren Zylinder und einem äußeren Zylinder, wobei das Aufschmelzen auf einem Weg von weniger als einer Umdrehung der Zylinder erfolgt. Eine Umwandlung von me- chanischer Energie in Wärme erfolgt praktisch nicht, so dass im Kunststoff enthaltende Fasern mechanisch nicht beansprucht und damit auch nicht zerstört werden.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method with the features of claim 1 and by a device with the features of claim 9. The essence of the invention is that the recyclate is melted in the plasticizing gap between the gap walls with the supply of external heat. The plasticizing gap narrows on the way from the supply of the plastic to be melted to the outlet of the melted plastic. The plasticizing gap forming the device according to the invention between two rotationally drivable cylinders, namely an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the melting taking place in a path of less than one revolution of the cylinders. There is practically no conversion of mechanical energy into heat, so that fibers contained in the plastic are not mechanically stressed and are therefore not destroyed.
Zahlreiche vorteilhafte und zum Teil erfinderische Ausgestaltungen erge- ben sich aus den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen.Numerous advantageous and partially inventive configurations result from the respective subclaims.
Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zweier Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnung. Es zeigtFurther features, advantages and details of the invention result from the following description of two exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische allgemeine Darstellung einer Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung,1 is a general perspective view of a device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 einen vertikalen Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gemäß der Schnittlinie II-II in Fig. 3,2 shows a vertical section through a first exemplary embodiment of the invention along the section line II-II in FIG. 3,
Fig. 3 einen Horizontalschnitt durch das erste Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gemäß der Schnittlinie III-III in Fig. 2,3 shows a horizontal section through the first exemplary embodiment of the invention along the section line III-III in FIG. 2,
Fig. 4 eine Einzelheit IV aus Fig. 3 in gegenüber Fig. 3 vergrößertem Maßstab undFig. 4 shows a detail IV of Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale compared to Fig. 3 and
Fig. 5 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 2. Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Vorrichtung zur Plastifizierung thermoplastischer Kunststoffe weist ein Gehäuse 1 auf, das einen mit der äußeren Gehäuse- Wand 2 verbundenen Boden 3 aufweist. Das Gehäuse 1 ist an seiner Oberseite mittels eines Gehäuse-Deckels 4 verschlossen. Im Gehäuse 1 ist ein innerer Zylinder 5 angeordnet, der um eine gegenüber dem Gehäuse 1 ortsfeste vertikale Achse 6 drehantreibbar ist, und zwar mittels eines Motors 7, der an der Unterseite des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet ist. Der innere Zylinder 5 wird von einem äußeren Zylinder 8 umgeben, der ebenfalls um eine vertikale Achse 9 drehantreibbar ist, die also parallel zur Achse 6 des inneren Zylinders 5 verläuft, aber exzentrisch zu dieser angeordnet ist. Der äußere Zylinder 8 wird bei dem ersten in den Fig. 2 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mittels eines Motors 10 angetrieben, der ebenfalls an der Unterseite des Gehäuses 1 vorgesehen ist. Der Antrieb erfolgt über ein Ritzel 11 und einen auf der Außenseite des äußeren Zylinders 8 angebrachten Zahnkranz 12. Der äußere Zylinder 8 kann zusammen mit seinem Motor 10 in der Horizontalen, also quer zur vertikalen Achse 9, in der Verstellrichtung 13 verstellt werden, so dass die Exzentrizität e der beiden Achsen 6, 9 veränderbar ist.5 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the invention in a representation according to FIG. 2. The device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials shown in the drawing has a housing 1 which has a base 3 connected to the outer housing wall 2. The housing 1 is closed on its upper side by means of a housing cover 4. An inner cylinder 5 is arranged in the housing 1 and can be driven in rotation about a vertical axis 6 which is stationary with respect to the housing 1, by means of a motor 7 which is arranged on the underside of the housing 1. The inner cylinder 5 is surrounded by an outer cylinder 8, which can also be driven in rotation about a vertical axis 9, which therefore runs parallel to the axis 6 of the inner cylinder 5, but is arranged eccentrically to the latter. In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the outer cylinder 8 is driven by a motor 10, which is also provided on the underside of the housing 1. The drive takes place via a pinion 11 and a ring gear 12 attached to the outside of the outer cylinder 8. The outer cylinder 8 can be adjusted together with its motor 10 in the horizontal direction, that is to say transversely to the vertical axis 9, in the adjustment direction 13, so that the eccentricity e of the two axes 6, 9 can be changed.
Zwischen dem inneren Zylinder 5 und dem äußeren Zylinder 8 befindet sich ein Plastifizier-Spalt 14, der im Bereich des durch die Exzentrizität e engen Querschnitt durch einen im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Achsen 6, 9 verlaufenden Staubalken 15 verschlossen ist. Bezogen auf die gemeinsa- me Drehrichtung 16 der Zylinder 5, 8 unmittelbar vor dem Staubalken 15 wird in dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 2 bis 4 eine Auslassöffnung 17 im Boden 3 des Gehäuses 1 ausgebildet. Gemäß Fig. 4 kann der Staubalken 15 aus zwei ineinander greifenden Leisten 18, 19 bestehen, die radial zu den Achsen 6, 9 zueinander verstellt werden können, so dass bei einer Änderung der Exzentrizität e die Leisten 18, 19 so zueinander verstellt werden können, dass der Staubalken 15 den Plastifizier-Spalt 14 . vollständig in Umfangsrichtung der Zylinder 5, 8 sperrt. Die der Auslassöffnung 17 zugewandte Staufläche 20 des Staubalkens 15 kann schräg zur Auslass-Öffnung 17 hin verlaufen, so dass sie eine gewisse Förderwirkung zur Auslass-Öffnung 17 hin aufweist.Between the inner cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder 8 there is a plasticizing gap 14, which is closed in the area of the cross section narrow due to the eccentricity e by a dust bar 15 running essentially parallel to the axes 6, 9. In relation to the common direction of rotation 16 of the cylinders 5, 8 directly in front of the dust bar 15, an outlet opening 17 is formed in the bottom 3 of the housing 1 in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4. 4, the dust bar 15 can consist of two interlocking strips 18, 19, which can be adjusted radially to the axes 6, 9 to each other, so that when the eccentricity e changes, the strips 18, 19 can be adjusted relative to one another in such a way that the dust bar 15 blocks the plasticizing gap 14. locks completely in the circumferential direction of the cylinders 5, 8. The storage surface 20 of the dust bar 15 facing the outlet opening 17 can run obliquely towards the outlet opening 17, so that it has a certain conveying effect towards the outlet opening 17.
In dem Raum 21 zwischen Gehäuse- Wand 2 und äußerem Zylinder 8 ist eine ortsfeste äußere Heizung 22 angeordnet, die den äußeren Zylinder 8 von seiner Außenseite her beheizt. Die elektrische Heizung 22 wird von einer Stromquelle 23 mit Strom beaufschlagt und mittels eines Reglers 24 geregelt, der unter anderem mit einem in der Nähe des äußeren Zylinders 8 befindlichen Temperaturfühler 25 verbunden ist. In dem inneren Zylinder 5 ist eine ebenfalls ortsfeste Heizung 26 angeordnet, die in gleicher Weise von der Stromquelle 23 mit Strom beaufschlagt wird und mittels eines Reglers 27 geregelt wird, der mit einem in der Nähe der Innenwand des inneren Zylinders 5 befindlichen Temperaturfühler 28 verbunden ist. Die ortsfeste innere Heizung 26 wird von dem Gehäuse-Deckel 4 als Halteplatte getragen. Die Heizungen können auch als regelbare Gas-Heizungen ausgebildet sein.In the space 21 between the housing wall 2 and the outer cylinder 8, a stationary outer heater 22 is arranged, which heats the outer cylinder 8 from its outside. The electrical heater 22 is supplied with current by a current source 23 and regulated by means of a regulator 24, which is connected, among other things, to a temperature sensor 25 located in the vicinity of the outer cylinder 8. Arranged in the inner cylinder 5 is also a stationary heater 26, which is supplied with current in the same way by the current source 23 and regulated by means of a regulator 27 which is connected to a temperature sensor 28 located in the vicinity of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5 , The stationary inner heater 26 is carried by the housing cover 4 as a holding plate. The heaters can also be designed as controllable gas heaters.
Der Raum 21 und der Plastifizier-Spalt 14 sind mittels eines ringförmigen inneren Deckels 29 verschlossen. In dem inneren Deckel 29 befindet sich - gleichermaßen wie im Gehäuse-Deckel 4 - eine Zuführ- Öffnung 30, ober- halb von der ein Zufuhr-Trichter 31 für zu plastifizierenden thermoplastischen Kunststoff angeordnet ist. Diesem wird der zu plastifizierende thermoplastische Kunststoff mittels einer Beschickungs-Einheit 32, beispielsweise in Form eines Förderbandes, zugeführt. Die den Plastifizier-Spalt 14 begrenzenden Flächen des inneren Zylinders 5 und des äußeren Zylinders 8 können mit einer feinen Oberflächen-Profilierung 33 versehen sein, um die Mitnahme von zu plastifizierendem Kunststoff zu verbessern.The space 21 and the plasticizing gap 14 are closed by means of an annular inner cover 29. In the inner cover 29 there is a feed opening 30, just as in the housing cover 4, above which a feed hopper 31 for thermoplastic material to be plasticized is arranged. The thermoplastic to be plasticized is fed to this by means of a loading unit 32, for example in the form of a conveyor belt. The surfaces of the inner cylinder 5 and outer cylinder 8 delimiting the plasticizing gap 14 can be provided with a fine surface profile 33 to improve the entrainment of plastic to be plasticized.
Das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 unterscheidet sich von den Fig. 2 bis 4 dadurch, dass der äußere Zylinder 8' von dem zum Antrieb des inneren Zylinders 5' dienenden Motor 7 mit angetrieben wird. Hierzu ist ein Abtrieb 34, beispielsweise in Form eines Riementriebs, vorgesehen, der vom Motor 7 angetrieben wird, der wiederum über eine Gelenkwelle 35 mit dem Ritzel 11 gekoppelt ist, so dass Verschiebungen des äußeren Zy- linders 8' in Verstellrichtung 13 möglich sind.The second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 differs from FIGS. 2 to 4 in that the outer cylinder 8 'is also driven by the motor 7 which drives the inner cylinder 5 ' . For this purpose, an output 34, for example in the form of a belt drive, is provided, which is driven by the motor 7, which in turn is coupled to the pinion 11 via an articulated shaft 35, so that displacements of the outer cylinder 8 ' in the adjustment direction 13 are possible.
Weiterhin ist bei dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen, dass die Auslass-Öffnung nicht unten vorgesehen ist, sondern dass oben im inneren Deckel 29 und entsprechend im Gehäuse-Deckel 4 eine Auslass-Öffnung 17' ausgebildet ist, so dass das plastifizierte Material nach oben austreten kann. Außerdem ist bei dieser Ausgestaltung am inneren Zylinder 5' ein ringförmiger Spalt-Boden 36 ausgebildet, der sich also mit dem inneren Zylinder 5' dreht und der auch den äußeren Zylinder 8' untergreift, so dass. dieser in der geschilderten Weise verstellt werden kann.Furthermore, in the second exemplary embodiment it is provided that the outlet opening is not provided at the bottom, but rather that an outlet opening 17 ′ is formed at the top in the inner cover 29 and correspondingly in the housing cover 4, so that the plasticized material can emerge at the top , In addition, in this embodiment, an annular gap base 36 is formed on the inner cylinder 5 ', which therefore rotates with the inner cylinder 5 ' and which also engages under the outer cylinder 8 ' , so that it can be adjusted in the manner described.
Selbstverständlich kann der Antrieb mittels nur eines Motors 7 auch bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 2 bis 4 eingesetzt werden. Andererseits kann selbstverständlich auch bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit zwei Motoren 7, 10 die Auslass-Öffnung 17' an der Oberseite des Plastifi- zier-Spaltes 14 vorgesehen werden.Of course, the drive by means of only one motor 7 can also be used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4. On the other hand, the outlet opening 17 ′ can of course also be provided on the upper side of the plasticizing gap 14 in the embodiment with two motors 7, 10.
Die Wirkungsweise ist wie folgt: Mittels der Beschickungs-Einheit 32 wird Kunststoff, insbesondere glasfa- serhaltiges Recyclat, über den Zufuhr-Trichter 31 in den Plastifizier-Spalt 14 eingegeben. Die Heizungen 22, 26 sind eingeschaltet und werden so geregelt, dass der innere Zylinder 5 bzw. 5' und der äußere Zylinder 8 bzw. 8' jeweils eine vorgegebene Temperatur aufweisen. Die Zylinder 5, 5' bzw. 8, 8' werden gleichsinnig in Drehrichtung 16 angetrieben. Die Drehzahl wird so gewählt, dass der zu behandelnde Kunststoff eine Verweilzeit bzw. Aufenthaltszeit in der Vorrichtung von 10 bis 1000 Sekunden hat. Bei praxisgerechten Abmessungen einer Vorrichtung und praxisgerechten Durch- Sätzen ergeben sich Drehzahlen in der Größenordnung von ca. 1 min"1. Die Drehzahl ist auf jeden Fall sehr gering, so dass der Kunststoff auf dem Weg von der Zufuhr-Öffnung 30 bis zum Staubalken 15 aufgeschmolzen wird. Der Drehantrieb erfolgt entweder mit gleicher Drehzahl oder mit einer geringen Drehzahldifferenz, wobei das Verhältnis der Drehzahlen ma- ximal 1:3 beträgt. Hierbei ist der äußere Zylinder 8 bzw. 8' der langsamer laufende Zylinder. Bevorzugt ist aber ein Antrieb mit gleicher Drehzahl.The mode of action is as follows: Plastic, in particular recycled glass fiber, is fed into the plasticizing gap 14 via the feed hopper 31 by means of the loading unit 32. The heaters 22, 26 are switched on and are regulated in such a way that the inner cylinder 5 or 5 'and the outer cylinder 8 or 8' each have a predetermined temperature. The cylinders 5, 5 'and 8, 8 ' are driven in the same direction in the direction of rotation 16. The speed is selected so that the plastic to be treated has a residence time in the device of 10 to 1000 seconds. With practical dimensions of a device and practical throughputs, speeds result in the order of magnitude of approximately 1 min "1. The speed is in any case very low, so that the plastic on the way from the feed opening 30 to the dust bar 15 The rotary drive is carried out either at the same speed or with a slight speed difference, the ratio of the speeds being a maximum of 1: 3. Here, the outer cylinder 8 or 8 'is the slower-running cylinder same speed.
Der Staubalken 15 muss nicht zwingend an der engsten Stelle des Plastifi- zier-Spaltes 14 angeordnet sein; gleichermaßen muss die Zufuhr-Öffnung 30 sich nicht an der weitesten Stelle befinden. Durch die Zuführung des aufzubereitenden Kunststoffs vor der weitesten Stelle und den Austrag hinter der engsten Stelle des Plastifizier-Spaltes 14 findet eine Verlängerung des Behandlungsweges und damit der Verweilzeit statt. Die Exzentrizität e hat die Aufgabe, den jeweiligen Weg radial zu den Achsen 6 bzw. 9 von dem inneren Zylinder 5 bzw. 5' bzw. dem äußeren Zylinder 8 bzw. 8' zum aufzubereitenden Kunststoff zu reduzieren und damit zu einem besseren Wärmeeintrag zu führen. Außerdem wird durch die Verengung des Plastifizier-Spaltes 14 über den Förderweg eine Komprimierung des Kunststoffes erreicht. Durch die radiale Verstellbarkeit des Staubalkens 15 wird erreicht, dass ein einstellbarer Leck-Spalt 37 erzeugt wird, so dass durch einen solchen Leck- Spalt 37 bereits plastifizierter Kunststoff wieder in den Bereich der Kunst- stoff-Aufgabe gebracht werden kann. Der warme plastifizierte Kunststoff wärmt dann den frisch zugeführten kalten Kunststoff an; die Wärmezufuhr wird dadurch insgesamt verbessert. Selbstverständlich können solche Leck- Spalte 37 sowohl zwischen dem Staubalken 15 und dem inneren Zylinder 5, 5' als auch zwischen dem Staubalken 15 und dem äußeren Zylinder 8, 8' einstellbar sein.The dust bar 15 does not necessarily have to be arranged at the narrowest point of the plasticizing gap 14; likewise, the feed opening 30 does not have to be at the farthest point. By feeding the plastic to be processed in front of the furthest point and the discharge behind the narrowest point of the plasticizing gap 14, the treatment route and thus the dwell time are extended. The task of eccentricity e is to reduce the respective path radially to the axes 6 or 9 from the inner cylinder 5 or 5 'or the outer cylinder 8 or 8' to the plastic to be reprocessed and thus lead to better heat input , In addition, compression of the plastic is achieved by narrowing the plasticizing gap 14 via the conveying path. The radial adjustability of the dust bar 15 ensures that an adjustable leak gap 37 is generated, so that plastic which has already plasticized can be brought back into the area of the plastic task by means of such a leak gap 37. The warm plasticized plastic then warms up the freshly supplied cold plastic; the overall heat supply is thereby improved. Of course, such leakage gaps 37 can be adjustable both between the dust bar 15 and the inner cylinder 5, 5 'and between the dust bar 15 and the outer cylinder 8, 8'.
Wenn die Oberflächen-Profilierung 33 eine deutliche radiale Erstreckung hat, dann muss ohnehin zwischen dem Staubalken 15 und dem inneren Zylinder 15 bzw. 15' und dem äußeren Zylinder 8 bzw. 8' ein entsprechender Spalt 37 ausgebildet sein. Um einen solchen Spalt 37 nicht zu groß werden zu lassen, können am Staubalken 15 elastische Dichtlippen 38 angebracht sein, die in Fig. 4 angedeutet sind.If the surface profile 33 has a clear radial extension, then a corresponding gap 37 must be formed anyway between the dust bar 15 and the inner cylinder 15 or 15 'and the outer cylinder 8 or 8'. In order not to allow such a gap 37 to become too large, elastic sealing lips 38 can be attached to the dust bar 15, which are indicated in FIG. 4.
Es findet keine nennenswerte Dissipation statt, d. h. im zu plastifizierenden Kunststoff befindliche Fasern, insbesondere Glasfasern, werden nicht zerstört. Der aufgeschmolzene Kunststoff kann direkt einer nachgeordneten Presse zugeführt werden oder aber einem nachgeordneten Extruder, der zum Druckaufbau gegebenenfalls benötigt wird. There is no significant dissipation, i. H. Fibers in the plastic to be plasticized, in particular glass fibers, are not destroyed. The melted plastic can be fed directly to a downstream press or to a downstream extruder that may be required to build up pressure.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Plastifizieren von thermoplastischem Kunststoff, insbesondere von Fasern enthaltendem Recyclat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kunststoff in einem Plastifizier-Spalt (14) mit gleichsinnig bewegten Spaltwänden (5, 8 bzw. 5', 8') von einer Aufgabe-Stelle (30) zu einer Abgabe-Stelle (17 bzw. 17') bewegt und mittels Zufuhr von ' Fremdwärme aufgeschmolzen wird.1. A method for plasticizing thermoplastic, in particular fiber-containing recycled material, characterized in that the plastic in a plasticizing gap (14) with gap walls (5, 8 or 5 ' , 8 ' ) moved in the same direction from one application point (30) is moved to a delivery point (17 or 17 ' ) and is melted by supplying' external heat.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zylindrisch ausgebildeten Spaltwände (5, 8 bzw. 5', 8') um parallel zueinander angeordnete vertikale Achsen (6, 9) drehantreibbar sind.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical gap walls (5, 8 or 5 ', 8') can be driven in rotation about vertical axes (6, 9) arranged parallel to one another.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Achsen (6, 9) eine Exzentrizität (e) zueinander aufweisen.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the axes (6, 9) have an eccentricity (e) to each other.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand der Spaltwände (5, 8 bzw. 5', 8') veränderbar ist.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance between the gap walls (5, 8 or 5 ' , 8 ' ) is variable.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der aufzuschmelzende Kunststoff von oben in den Plastifizier- Spalt (14) eingegeben wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plastic to be melted is entered into the plasticizing gap (14) from above.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der aufgeschmolzene Kunststoff vor dem Austrag aufgestaut wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the melted plastic is dammed up before the discharge.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der aufgeschmolzene Kunststoff nach unten ausgetragen wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the melted plastic is discharged downwards.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der aufgeschmolzene Kunststoff nach oben ausgetragen wird.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the melted plastic is discharged upwards.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass ein Teil des aufgeschmolzenen Kunststoffes der Aufgabe-Stelle (30) zugeführt wird.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that part of the melted plastic is fed to the feed point (30).
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass die Spaltwände (5, 8 bzw. 5', 8') glatt ausgebildet sind.10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gap walls (5, 8 or 5 ', 8') are smooth.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spaltwände (5, 8 bzw. 5', 8') mit einer Oberflächenprofil ie- rung versehen sind. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gap walls (5, 8 or 5 ', 8') are provided with a surface profiling.
12. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, mit einem Gehäuse (1), mit einem im Gehäuse (1) in einer Drehrichtung (16) um eine ver- tikale Achse (9) drehantreibbar angeordneten äußeren Zylinder (8 bzw. 8'), mit einem im äußeren Zylinder (8 bzw. 8') in der Drehrichtung (16) um eine vertikale Achse (6) drehantreibbar angeordneten inneren Zylinder (5 bzw. 5'), - mit einem zwischen dem äußeren Zylinder (8 bzw. 8') und dem inneren Zylinder (5 bzw. 5') ausgebildeten Plastifizier-Spalt (14), mit einer von oben in den Plastifizier-Spalt einmündenden Zuführung (30) für aufzuschmelzenden Kunststoff, mit einem aus dem Plastifizier-Spalt (14) ausmündenden und der Zuführung (30) in Drehrichtung (16) nachgeordneten Auslass (17 . bzw. 17') und mit mindestens einer Heizung (22, 26) zum Heizen des Kunststoffs im Plastifizier-Spalt (14).12. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, with a housing (1), with an outer cylinder (8) arranged in the housing (1) in a direction of rotation (16) rotatably drivable about a vertical axis (9) or 8 '), with an inner cylinder (5 or 5 ' ) arranged in the outer cylinder (8 or 8 ') in the direction of rotation (16) so as to be rotatably drivable about a vertical axis (6), - with one between the outer cylinder (8 or 8 ') and the inner cylinder (5 or 5') formed plasticizing gap (14), with a feeder (30) opening into the plasticizing gap for melting plastic, with a plasticizing Opening out the gap (14) and the outlet (17) downstream of the feed (30) in the direction of rotation (16) and with at least one heater (22, 26) for heating the plastic in the plasticizing gap (14).
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äußere Zylinder (8 bzw. 8') mit einer Exzentrizität (e) zum inneren Zylinder (5 bzw. 5') angeordnet ist.13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the outer cylinder (8 or 8 ' ) is arranged with an eccentricity (e) to the inner cylinder (5 or 5 ' ).
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Exzentrizität (e) verstellbar ist.14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the eccentricity (e) is adjustable.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äußere Zylinder (8 bzw. 8') in einer Verstellrichtung (13) verstellbar ist. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the outer cylinder (8 or 8 ' ) is adjustable in an adjustment direction (13).
16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Auslass (17 bzw. 17') eine Stau-Einrichtung (15) in Dreh- richtung (16) unmittelbar nachgeordnet ist.16. Device according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the outlet (17 or 17 ' ) is immediately followed by a storage device (15) in the direction of rotation (16).
17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im inneren Zylinder (5 bzw. 5') eine ortsfeste innere Heizung (26) und im äußeren Zylinder (8 bzw. 8') eine ortsfeste äußere Heizung (22) vorgesehen sind.17. Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that in the inner cylinder (5 or 5 ' ) a stationary inner heater (26) and in the outer cylinder (8 or 8 ' ) a stationary outer heater (22) are provided.
18. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Heizung (22, 26) regelbar ist.18. Device according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the at least one heater (22, 26) is adjustable.
19. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus dem Plastifizier-Spalt (14) ein Auslass (17) nach unten aus- mündet.19. Device according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that an outlet (17) opens downward from the plasticizing gap (14).
20. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus dem Plastifizier-Spalt (14) ein Auslass (17') nach oben aus- mündet. 20. Device according to one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that an outlet (17 ') opens out from the plasticizing gap (14).
21. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der innere Zylinder (5) und der äußere Zylinder (8) jeweils mittels eines eigenen Motors (7, 10) drehantreibbar sind.21. Device according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that the inner cylinder (5) and the outer cylinder (8) can each be driven in rotation by means of a separate motor (7, 10).
22. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der innere Zylinder (5') und der äußere Zylinder (8') von einem gemeinsamen Motor (10) drehantreibbar sind.22. Device according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that the inner cylinder (5 ' ) and the outer cylinder (8 ' ) can be driven in rotation by a common motor (10).
23. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16 oder 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stau-Einrichtung (15) radial zu mindestens einer vertikalen Achse (6, 9) verstellbar ausgebildet ist.23. The device according to claim 16 or 23, characterized in that the storage device (15) is designed to be adjustable radially to at least one vertical axis (6, 9).
24. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16 oder 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Stau-Einrichtung (15) und mindestens einem der Zylinder (5 bzw. 5', 8 bzw. 8') ein Leck-Spalt (37) ausgebildet ist.24. The device according to claim 16 or 23, characterized in that a leakage gap (37) is formed between the accumulation device (15) and at least one of the cylinders (5 or 5 ', 8 or 8').
25. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 24, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Oberfläche mindestens eines Zylinders (5 bzw. 5', 8 bzw. 8') mit einer Oberflächen-Profilierung (33) versehen ist. 25. Device according to one of claims 12 to 24, characterized in that the surface of at least one cylinder (5 or 5 ', 8 or 8') is provided with a surface profile (33).
PCT/EP2004/006873 2003-07-04 2004-06-25 Method and device for plasticizing thermoplastic materials WO2005002816A1 (en)

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