WO2005001788A1 - Procede et dispositif pour l'identification et/ou la differenciation de substances contenues dans des melanges gazeux indiquees par des capteurs - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour l'identification et/ou la differenciation de substances contenues dans des melanges gazeux indiquees par des capteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005001788A1
WO2005001788A1 PCT/EP2004/007125 EP2004007125W WO2005001788A1 WO 2005001788 A1 WO2005001788 A1 WO 2005001788A1 EP 2004007125 W EP2004007125 W EP 2004007125W WO 2005001788 A1 WO2005001788 A1 WO 2005001788A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensors
sensor
evaluation
substances
computer program
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/007125
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Burghardt
Original Assignee
Pronet Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pronet Gmbh filed Critical Pronet Gmbh
Publication of WO2005001788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005001788A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
    • G08B29/186—Fuzzy logic; neural networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0031—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array
    • G01N33/0034—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array comprising neural networks or related mathematical techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/0202—Child monitoring systems using a transmitter-receiver system carried by the parent and the child
    • G08B21/0269—System arrangements wherein the object is to detect the exact location of child or item using a navigation satellite system, e.g. GPS
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/14—Toxic gas alarms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/08—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for identifying and / or differentiating substances indicated by sensors in gas mixtures and a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer-readable storage medium, which can be used in particular for monitoring industrial plants, in particular the chemical industry, for large-scale monitoring of welding control - systems, as a leak detection system for refinery sites, for anti-intrusion protection of containers, as a monitoring system for emissions and immissions or also for energy management of buildings and plants.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and an arrangement for identifying and / or differentiating substances indicated by sensors in gas mixtures, as well as a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer-readable storage medium, which remedy the above-mentioned deficiencies and in particular to create an intelligent system as a total solution for a safe and fast detection and detection of events such as fires and gaseous air changes.
  • sensors are configured with a changeable profile adapted to specific conditions, when a sensor responds, at least some of the parameters that are detected by this sensor and characterize substances in gas mixtures and / or at least some of the data generated by this sensor a computer program is automatically evaluated that Identification and / or differentiation of substances takes place on the basis of predefinable criteria, profiles and / or patterns and, depending on the evaluation, the profile of the sensor is reconfigured and / or the profile used in the evaluation by the computer program is redefined, the automatic evaluation being at least partially takes place in a central data processing device and the data exchange between the sensor and the data processing device takes place via a communication network.
  • An arrangement for the identification and / or differentiation of substances indicated by sensors in gas mixtures is advantageously set up in such a way that it comprises at least one processor and / or chip which is (are) set up in such a way that a method for identification and / or Differentiation of states indicated by sensors can be carried out, sensors being configured with a changeable profile adapted to specific conditions, when a sensor responds, at least some of the parameters which are characterized by this sensor and characterize substances in gas mixtures and / or at least some of the Data generated by this sensor is automatically evaluated by a computer program, the identification and / or differentiation of substances takes place on the basis of predefinable criteria, profiles and / or patterns and, depending on the evaluation, the profile of the sensor is reconfigured and / or when evaluated by the Computerpr
  • the profile used is defined anew, the automatic evaluation taking place at least partially in a central data processing device and the data exchange between the sensor and the data processing device taking place via a communication network.
  • a computer program for identifying and / or differentiating substances indicated by sensors in gas mixtures enables a computer, after it has been loaded into the memory of the computer, to carry out a method for identifying and / or differentiating states indicated by sensors, sensors with a changeable profile, adapted to specific conditions, when a sensor responds, at least some of the parameters that are detected by this sensor and characterize substances in gas mixtures and / or at least some of the data generated by this sensor are automatically evaluated by a computer program, the identification and / or differentiation of substances takes place on the basis of predefinable criteria, profiles and / or patterns and, depending on the evaluation, the profile of the sensor is reconfigured and / or the profile used in the evaluation by the computer program is redefined, the automatic evaluation takes place at least partly in a central data processing device and the data exchange between sensor and data processing device takes place via a communication network.
  • these computer programs can be made available for download in a data or communication network.
  • the computer programs provided in this way can then be used by a method in which a computer program according to claim 26 is downloaded from an electronic data network, such as from the Internet, to a data processing device connected to the data network.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is advantageously used, on which a program is stored, which enables a computer after it has been loaded into the memory of the computer, a method for Identification and / or differentiation of substances indicated by sensors in gas mixtures to be carried out, sensors being configured with a changeable profile adapted to specific conditions, when a sensor responds, at least some of the parameters and / or at least one of the parameters characterizing substances in gas mixtures detected by this sensor some of the data generated by this sensor is automatically evaluated by a computer program, the identification and / or differentiation of substances takes place on the basis of predefinable criteria, profiles and / or patterns and, depending on the evaluation, the profile of the sen sors reconfigured and / or the profile used in the evaluation by the computer program is redefined, the automatic evaluation taking place at least partially in a central data processing device and the data exchange between the sensor and the data processing device taking place via a communication network.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that artificial intelligence methods are used in the evaluation by the computer program.
  • neural networks can be used in the evaluation by the computer program. This has the advantage that the false alarm rate is significantly reduced. This is supported by the fact that a library of criteria and / or patterns is used to identify and / or differentiate substances.
  • the method according to the invention can be optimized by adapting the library (s) to the application area of the sensors. The libraries then only contain criteria and / or patterns that describe substances, events or states that can actually occur in the environment to be monitored and are relevant for decision-making.
  • semiconductor gas sensors and / or metal oxide sensors are used as sensors. It proves to be advantageous if, when using semiconductor gas sensors, the automatic evaluation is carried out on the basis of a temperature change process.
  • an action can also be triggered automatically, or the results obtained by the method are only saved.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the automatic evaluation by the computer program takes into account the reaction to previous evaluation results (self-learning system).
  • Another advantage of the invention is that parameters are recorded and / or transmitted, from which the geographic location of sensors can be determined.
  • a global positioning system GPS is advantageously used. This procedure is particularly appropriate when mobile objects, such as containers, are equipped with sensors, since the respective location of the object can thus be reliably determined.
  • the sensors and / or a monitoring device comprising the sensors are configured remotely via communication networks.
  • the monitoring is improved in that the sensors of the monitoring device are installed in the area to be monitored in a network.
  • the reliability of the monitoring and the reliability can be improved by redundant transmission of the parameters and / or the analysis results.
  • a preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention provides that the arrangement has at least one sensor, at least one data processing device, - at least one means of artificial intelligence,
  • the sensors are designed as semiconductor gas sensors and / or as metal oxide sensors and / or the means (s) of artificial intelligence are designed as a neural network and / or if the library (s) comprises classification patterns for changes in the air composition.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that by selecting the classification patterns in the libraries appropriately, specific, optimally adapted sensor systems are provided for different uses. Any changes in air can be identified by the method according to the invention; for example, the method can be used for the intrusion protection of containers if the libraries contain patterns for air changes which signal that the container is opened.
  • the arrangement comprises means with which the geographical location of sensors 1 can be determined. It is particularly advantageous if the arrangement comprises means with which a global positioning system (GPS) can be used.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • Another preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention provides that the arrangement can be configured remotely.
  • An arrangement is advantageously used in large areas to be monitored, the sensors 1 of the arrangement being installed in the manner of a network in the area to be monitored.
  • a further particular advantage of the invention is that self-learning systems in particular allow flexible and quick adaptation to the respective market requirements. It is also advantageous if the systems are designed to be remotely configurable.
  • the sensors implemented as semiconductor gas sensors are robust, long-term stable and also have a very good price / performance ratio.
  • Neural networks in connection with sophisticated electronics produce a new quality of detection with a low false alarm rate, whereby the intelligence consists in distinguishing between natural or artificial harmless changes in the air and dangerous events.
  • a neural network also recognizes the most important harmful and flue gases and the oxygen content of the air online from the data from widely installed sensors. A distinction can be made between absolutely dangerous combustion gases and weather-related changes in the air composition. This means that fires or escaping gases can be clearly and quickly identified geographically and the messages transmitted to the control centers.
  • the invention in a nutshell, has the advantages listed below: high flexibility of the application areas, recognizability and classification of the fire, smoke and other gases, - Early fire detection. Early detection of the fire already in the smoldering stage, where optical sensors are not yet reacting, precise geographical assignment (also GPS), - regardless of weather and visibility conditions, - high reliability with low false alarms, good evaluability using electronic systems and - diverse areas of application in industry, public - borrowed facilities and private areas.
  • the areas of application of the system are diverse. They range from industry to environmental monitoring and in the private sector.
  • the chemical and laboratory industries, petrochemicals, large-scale monitoring of welding control systems, leak detection systems for refinery sites, monitoring of pipelines of different gases and the energy controlling system, and energy management of buildings and systems are particularly worth mentioning from the industry.
  • Public facilities no smoking zones
  • forest areas fire and environmental influences
  • conurbations with high levels of air pollution Ozone monitoring, pollutant detection in the event of fire (dioxin), parking garage monitoring (underground car parks), weather stations are further areas of application.
  • the invention can be used for monitoring in or of aircraft.
  • an early fire detection system for monitoring wiring harnesses, fuel leakage or for monitoring smoking bans.
  • WMS forest monitoring system
  • the invention is used for early detection of forest fires, the automated follow-up inspection of burned forest areas and / or - the detection of pollutants.
  • the invention is furthermore suitable for an ideal protection of tunnel systems against fire and dangerous gases (including smog). This is particularly important for the transport system (subway). In construction, the monitoring of shafts and pipes or the follow-up inspection during welding work is an important application.
  • the invention can also be used for early fire detection in buildings (libraries, hotels), for the detection and differentiation of different fires (cube fire, paper fire), for monitoring electrical distributors as well as for the early detection of gas line defects. In the case of gas lines in particular, the early detection of dangers and special monitoring of connection points of the lines such as valves and sleeves are important aspects which are guaranteed by the invention.
  • the invention includes a new method for the safe detection and differentiation of dangerous and non-dangerous gases. Threshold values are intentionally omitted.
  • the sensors with their necessary electronics are installed anywhere in Germany or the world.
  • the sensor is configured via a radio network so that it receives an optimal profile for its tasks. This profile can be changed at any time by radio and adapted to new conditions.
  • This sensor module also has a profile on the opposite side (control center) assigned. It consists of a library of the substances to be recognized, which are implemented in a neural network. Communication between the control center and the sensor module is such that the profile can also be changed online in the event of an alarm if unknown substances should occur.
  • the data transmission takes place via GPRS or UMTS.
  • data are only transmitted when there is an alarm.
  • Time slot for data transmission is used because you never know when a fire will break out.
  • SMS or mail is used, because with this data transmission a
  • Delay until the arrival of the SMS can be several hours.
  • the data transmission takes place on a voice / data channel.
  • the method can also be used mobile with GPS support.
  • the process with the sensor module can also be integrated into devices such as SetTop boxes. With this technology, thousands of sensors can be monitored and supported. Defects are recognized quickly and reliably.
  • FIG. 2 shows the spatial distribution of the modules of the monitoring system according to the invention and the communication between these modules
  • FIG. 3 shows the modular structure of the monitoring system according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of fire monitoring in a subway tunnel
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of use of the invention for tunnel monitoring.
  • the invention will be explained in more detail using the special case of fire monitoring as an example. It is . to take into account that the invention is not limited to fire monitoring, but rather can be used just as well for monitoring chemical plants or as a leak detection system for refinery sites.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 The basic sequence for data acquisition and evaluation and the modular structure of the monitoring system according to the invention are illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3:
  • Semiconductor sensors 1 with a long service life and very high sensitivity (ppm range) are preferably used for gas analysis.
  • these semiconductor sensors 1 record, for example, the following physical parameters during condition monitoring: pollutant content in the air (gas analysis), temperature, humidity and, if necessary, the geographical location. This can be done, for example, using the temperature change method.
  • the recorded data is already permanently analyzed in sensor 1. This ensures short response times in data acquisition.
  • the analysis includes, for example, a comparison of the pollutant fraction determined in the current measurement with the pollutant fraction of the measurement of the previous cycle and with a "normal value".
  • the values of the current measurement deviate from predetermined tolerance limits - that is, from the two comparison values - by a certain amount , a pre-alarm decision takes place and the data is transmitted to a control center / center 2, where a data processing device is installed, among other things, and the data can be transmitted via a bus system 4 or fiber optic networks 5, this type of data transmission being used in particular , if the sensor 1 is installed in a fixed structure 6, whereas when the sensor 1 is installed in a mobile structure 7, wireless data transmission via radio 8 or other wireless transmission options (e.g. GPRS) will be used (cf. FIG. 2 ).
  • the transmitted data are evaluated by a computer program installed on this data processing device.
  • a means for visual data output 9. This can be done as a combined 2D display of spatial sensor data and / or as a 3D visualization of gas sensors and their evaluation by neural networks 10. If the pre-alarm decision is positive, the data is then classified.
  • means of artificial intelligence, such as neural networks 10, are advantageously used, which, for. B. be supported by an extensive reference library 11.
  • Such a library 11 contains sensor data, measurement curves, analysis results and the like. ⁇ . for the air changes caused by various substances, such as gasoline, diesel, oils, paper fire, tire fire, cigarette smoke and the like, as a reference or Classification pattern saved.
  • an alarm decision is made in the following step and, if criteria which generally depend on the monitoring event and can be specified accordingly, are triggered by means of an alarm output means 12 and thus the occurrence of an alarm monitoring event signals.
  • the alarm simultaneously signals which event it is. For example, it can be signaled whether a cable fire, sprayer, a wagon fire, a stuck brake, dioxin, oil fire or the like has been detected.
  • the data or analysis results or visualizations can also be predefined Positions are transmitted.
  • the Internet (e-mail) or SMS can be used for this.
  • a neural network recognizes the most important harmful and flue gases or the oxygen content of the air online from the data from the sensors. It can distinguish between absolutely dangerous combustion gases and other changes in the air composition.
  • the sensor module has a life control function and is connected to the control center 1 to n times a day.
  • the data is therefore recorded in the sensor module with a high resolution and evaluated using a microprocessor. If there is an alarm, the data is sent to the control center via a radio link. There is a qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The pre-alarm from the sensor module is also confirmed or rejected here. In the event of an alarm, the measurement query is set to the shortest cycle. If no radio connection can be established, the data is saved and a cyclic connection is established until the connection has been established. If there is still no connection, another destination number is dialed. Thanks to the client (sensor) / server (central) architecture, the modules can be optimally and effectively configured and operated.
  • the invention can advantageously be used, for example, for monitoring public transport, as in the application example S- and. Underground becomes clear. You can choose between the benefits inside the vehicles, such as - fire protection, spray alarm due to solvents and / or - emission detection, immission protection and the benefits outside the vehicles, such as - fire monitoring of tunnel systems (see Figure 4) - detection of defective wagon brakes and electrical Lines can be distinguished by gas emissions (distance approx. 200 to 500 m).
  • FIG. 4 The monitoring of tunnel systems is outlined in FIG. 4.
  • Sensors 16 are arranged in the underground tunnel 13 between a first station 14 and a second station 15 at intervals which are adapted to the special situation in the underground tunnel 13. These are connected by data transmission means 17 (cable or radio) to a data bus 18, which in turn is connected (by data transmission means 17) to the central control center 2.
  • data transmission means 17 capable or radio
  • control center 2 can also be integrated into existing (monitoring) systems.
  • FIG. 5 A structural representation for an exemplary tunnel monitoring is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first exemplary tunnel monitoring is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the sensors 19 are connected to this sensor cluster 22 by data connection, e.g. B. via a glass fiber cable 20, which is laid in the tunnel route 21, connected to one or more control centers 2. It proves to be practical if a control center 2 is set up at each tunnel entrance. In order to increase reliability, 2 redundant server farms (e.g. Linux cluster) can be set up in the control centers.
  • a radio network 23 is used as a redundancy system to further increase the security against failure, via which the sensors 19 or sensor cluster 22 are connected to the control center or control centers 2.
  • the sensors can be installed in a network, both in tunnels and in large forest areas.
  • the sensors constantly analyze the air quality. If a local source of fire develops, this information is immediately evaluated in control center 2. Because the exact position of each sensor can be determined by GPS, it is possible to localize the fire and its size to the meter. Time saving for the fire brigade. In addition, the affected area can be checked automatically.
  • the sensors not only detect gases, but also air humidity and temperatures. Forest fire warning levels can be determined individually and precisely, for example, and ultimately even objectified accordingly.
  • Another area of application is the monitoring of high-quality technology such as B. the monitoring of IT technology or data cabinet monitoring in data centers. The early detection of critical situations such as overheating, smoldering fires and fires play a role here.
  • Another area of application of the invention is in the area of intrusion protection. Since any air changes can be identified by a library that has been set up accordingly, the method can also be used for the intrusion protection of containers in shipping or air traffic.
  • the libraries used for this must contain patterns for air changes that signal that the container is opened. Combined with means that allow the geographical location of the containers to be determined, this enables a quick and targeted reaction to unauthorized opening of a container.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the arrangement and method according to the invention even in the case of fundamentally different types.
  • Sensor semiconductor gas sensor control center / central module for data processing and visualization bus system fiber optic network fixed structures mobile structures radio means for visual data output neural network library, reference library means for alarm output subway tunnel first station second station sensor data transmission medium data bus sensor fiber optic bus system tunnel route sensor route Cluster radio network

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour l'identification et/ou la différenciation de substances contenues dans des mélanges gazeux indiquées par des capteurs, ainsi qu'un programme d'ordinateur correspondant et un support de stockage lisible par ordinateur correspondant, qui peuvent être utilisés, en particulier, pour la surveillance d'équipements industriels, en particulier de l'industrie chimique, pour la surveillance étendue de systèmes de contrôle de soudure, comme système de recherche de fuites sur des terrains de raffinerie, pour la protection anti-intrusion de conteneurs ou bien également pour la gestion de l'énergie dans des bâtiments et des installations. Il est proposé, selon l'invention, que des capteurs soient configurés de façon à présenter un profil modifiable adapté à des conditions spécifiques; que lors de la réaction d'un capteur, au moins une partie des paramètres caractérisant les substances détectées par celui-ci dans les mélanges gazeux et/ou au moins une partie des données générées par ce capteur soient évaluées automatiquement par un programme d'ordinateur; que l'identification et/ou la différenciation de substances se fassent sur la base de critères, de profils et/ou de modèles prédéterminables, et que le profil soit, en fonction de l'évaluation, reconfiguré et/ou que le profil utilisé lors de l'évaluation par le programme informatique soit de nouveau fixé, l'évaluation automatique se faisant partiellement dans un dispositif de traitement de données central et l'échange de données entre le capteur et le dispositif de traitement de données se faisant par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau de communication.
PCT/EP2004/007125 2003-06-30 2004-06-30 Procede et dispositif pour l'identification et/ou la differenciation de substances contenues dans des melanges gazeux indiquees par des capteurs WO2005001788A1 (fr)

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DE10330368.5 2003-06-30
DE2003130368 DE10330368B4 (de) 2003-06-30 2003-06-30 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Identifizierung und/oder Differenzierung von durch Sensoren angezeigten Stoffen in Gasgemischen sowie ein entsprechendes Computerprogramm und ein entsprechendes computerlesbares Speichermedium

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CN100351623C (zh) * 2005-02-05 2007-11-28 西安交通大学 基于支持向量机的多组分气体浓度定量分析仪
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