WO2004101797A1 - Process of producing a plastid-targeted protein in plant cells - Google Patents
Process of producing a plastid-targeted protein in plant cells Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004101797A1 WO2004101797A1 PCT/EP2004/005151 EP2004005151W WO2004101797A1 WO 2004101797 A1 WO2004101797 A1 WO 2004101797A1 EP 2004005151 W EP2004005151 W EP 2004005151W WO 2004101797 A1 WO2004101797 A1 WO 2004101797A1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/52—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- C07K14/555—Interferons [IFN]
- C07K14/56—IFN-alpha
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/575—Hormones
- C07K14/61—Growth hormone [GH], i.e. somatotropin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8216—Methods for controlling, regulating or enhancing expression of transgenes in plant cells
- C12N15/8221—Transit peptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8242—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- C12N15/8257—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits for the production of primary gene products, e.g. pharmaceutical products, interferon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
- C07K2319/01—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif
- C07K2319/08—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif containing a chloroplast localisation signal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process of producing a heterologous protein of interest in genetically- modified plant cells, in particular in plastids thereof, and to proteins produced thereby.
- Plants have become an attractive choice as a low cost, indefinitely scalable production system for recombinant proteins including for pharmaceutical and industrial application (Stoger et al., 2000, Plant Mol. Biol., 42, 583-590; Larrick & Thomas, 2001 , Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 12, 411- 418).
- Most proteins especially in the pharmaceutical area are secretory, e.g. they are initially translated as protein precursors carrying signal peptides which target them to the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) for further post-translational processing and compartmentalization. Said processing includes correct folding and assembly, disulfide bond formation and complex enzymatic modifications.
- Chloroplasts have their own protein quality control system and, like the ER can provide for correct disulfide bond formation and protein folding (Dickson et al., 2000, J.Biol. Chem., 27JL 11829-11835). Glycosylation that does not play any role in protein activity can be easily avoided by using two different approaches: a) targeting the protein of interest into different subcellular compartments for processing, for example in chloroplasts; b) expressing the protein of interest in plant plastids by engineering transplastomic plants. The latter approach is not suitable for expressing proteins requiring an N-terminal amino acid residue other than methionine (M).
- M methionine
- Heterologous proteins are not adapted to plant plastids by evolution. Therefore, there is the general problem to construct fusion proteins with a transit peptide and a heterologous protein of interest and a sequence around the prospective cleavage position for securing efficient and defined cleavage of the fusion protein for producing the desired protein of interest in high quality, notably with high N-terminal sequence accuracy.
- This problem is solved by a process of producing a protein of interest in cells of a predetermined plant, comprising: introducing into said cells a vector encoding a fusion protein comprising in the direction from the
- the single letter code is generally used for the 20 standard amino acids.
- the symbols X “3 , X “2 , X “1 , and Z each stands for a standard amino acid.
- Numerals -1 , -2, and -3 indicate the position of the respective amino acid in the sequence of the transit peptide in direction towards the N-terminus of the transit peptide.
- the length of the C-terminal sequence of the transit peptide and the length of the N-terminal sequence of the protein of interest that jointly determine the cleavage position have been uncertain. For natural proteins it is reasonable to assume that these two sequences have been mutually adjusted during evolution. For a heterologous protein to be targeted to plastids, the appropriate transit peptide has to be determined by trial and error. The success of said trial and error is not predictable. With shear luck a suitable combination of sequences may be found. However, the uncertainty is great and not calculateable.
- said protein of interst is expressed in whole plants. This may be achieved by regenerating plants form plant cells transformed with said vector. Alternatively, said vector is introduced in plant cells of a whole plant.
- transformation or transfection methods for plants or plant cells include Agrobacte um-mediated transformation, particle bombardment, PEG-mediated protoplast transformation, viral infection etc.
- transient expression or transfection for transient expression viral infection or /4gro ?acter ⁇ m-mediated transformation are advantageously employed.
- Plants or plant cells are transformed or transfected with a nucleotide sequence (vector) having a coding region encoding said fusion protein. Transformation may produce stably transformed plants or plant cells, e.g. transgenic plants. Alternatively, said plant or plant cells may be transfected for transient expression of said fusion protein. Transient transfection of grown up plants is most preferred.
- Said vector may be a DNA or an RNA vector depending on the transformation or transfection method. In most cases, it will be DNA. In an important embodiment, however, transformation or transfection is performed using RNA virus-based vectors, in which case said nucleotide sequence may be RNA.
- RNA virus-based vectors in which case said nucleotide sequence may be RNA.
- the DNA vector is based on an RNA virus, i.e. the DNA vector contains the cDNA of RNA viral sequences in addition to said nucleotide sequence. Examples of plant DNA or RNA viruses sequences of which may be used for viral vectors according to the invention are given in WO 02/29068 and in WO0288369. Such DNA vectors further contain a transcriptional promoter for producing the RNA viral transcript.
- transformation or transfection is preferably carried out by viral transfection, more preferably via Agrobacterium- mediated transformation.
- an amino acid triade X "3 X “2 X “1 is selected from the set of amino acid sequences X "3 X " 2 X “1 naturally occurring on the N-terminal side of Z contiguous to Z in plastid-targeted fusion proteins in plants.
- said protein of interest is produced in angiosperms.
- X "3 X "2 X "1 triades naturally occurring in angiosperms are selected for a predetermined Z.
- the amino acid sequence (or triade) X "3 X "2 X “1 is selected from the set of amino acid sequences X ⁇ 3 X "2 X "1 naturally occurring contiguous to Z in plastid-targeted fusion proteins in the family, more preferably the genus, of plants said predetermined plant is a member of.
- the amino acid sequence X "3 X "2 X “1 is selected from the set of amino acid sequences X "3 X "2 X “1 naturally occurring contiguous to Z in plastid-targeted fusion proteins of plants of the same species as said predetermined plant.
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably FRV, NRE, VNC, VSC, VQC, VRC, VKC, or VPE.
- said triade X "3 ⁇ - 2 X "1 is preferably RGA, SIR, TIV or VRA.
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably AHS, GST, or VHC.
- said triade X "3 X '2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably ASN, ACR, AAA, FVA, HVR, ICC, IGA, IRA, IRC,
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably GST, KAT, or KQS.
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably GSD.
- said triade X "3 ⁇ - 2 X "1 is preferably VAA.
- said triade X "3 X "2 X '1 is preferably PSR or RFN.
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably IAE, RVA, RSA.or SVD.
- said triade X "3 ⁇ - 2 X "1 is preferably DDN, IRA, SLG, or PGL.
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably DSC, IIC, IVC, LRQ, SAT, VHC, VHA, or VKC.
- said triade X "3 ⁇ - 2 X "1 is preferably IVA, LLV, LPL, LAS, LRQ, MAA, NNN, RTD, TAE,
- TAQ TAQ
- TEA TSE
- VAA VAA
- VEA VEA
- WC WC
- said triade X '3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably AAA, IPA, MPT, or VPS.
- said triade X "3 X "2 ⁇ - 1 is preferably ALA, CRA, IVC, TPS, or VRA.
- said triade X '3 X "2 X "1 is preferably VLA or LSR.
- said triade ⁇ - 3 X "2 X "1 is preferably AGA, CLS, GKR, FPI, IAG, ITC, IVA, KAM, LCM,
- NMT NMT, PAK, RLR, SVS, TTR, VCM, WA, VAQ, VCC, VRC, VGA, or VRA.
- said triade X "3 X "2 X '1 is preferably KMS, PRA, PKA, SLF, STS, TGV, TRM, VSF, VRA
- said triade X '3 X " X "1 is preferably ASA.
- said triade X "3 ⁇ - 2 X "1 is preferably AVA, PAA, VAA, VAG, VSA, VNN, or WPR.
- said protein of interest may be placed contiguous to X "3 X "2 X ⁇ 1 , whereby said protein of interest may be followed by a reporter protein. If said protein of interest is used in said assay, the X "3 X "2 X '1 triade selected in the assay as a higher probability of giving efficient targeting and cleaving in the process of the invention.
- the assay is preferably performed in plant cell culture, whereby the cells may derive from the same plant as is used for producing the protein of interest.
- leaves of a plant may be transiently transfected with the vector of the assay.
- Both methods allow a straightforward assessing of targeting the fusion protein to plastids and of cleaving the fusion protein.
- Targeting of the fusion protein to plastids may e.g. be assessed using a fluorescent reporter protein like green fluorescent protein (GFP) and together with fluorescence microscopy as has been done for Fig. 4.
- Correct cleavage of the fusion protein may be checked by isolating the reporter protein or said protein of interest (that may be fused to a reporter protein like GFP) followed N-terminal sequencing.
- said assay allows to further increase the success rate of finding a transit peptide suitable for a protein of interest to be targeted in plastids.
- said transit peptide to be used in the process of the invention there are no particular limitations. It is however of advantage to use a plastid transit peptide known from a plant that is related to the predetermined plant used for the process of the invention. If the process of the invention is carried out in dicot plant cells or in dicot plants, a highly preferred transit peptide has the sequence, in N-terminal to C-terminal direction, MASSMLSSAA WATRASAAQ ASMVAPFTGL KSAASFPVTR KQNNLDITSI ASNGGRX "3 * 2 * 1 .
- a highly preferred transit peptide has the sequence, in N-terminal to C-terminal direction, MAPTVMASSA TTVAPFQGLK STAGRLPVAR RSSGSLGSVS NGGRX "3 * 2 * 1 .
- the protein of interest may be of bacterial, viral, plant, or animal origin or it may be artificially designed.
- Said protein of interest may be an agricultural trait, a human or animal health protein, an immune response protein, a polypeptide hormone, etc.
- Figure 1 Peptide sequences of transit peptides of the small subunit of rubisco from nine different dicotyledonous plants and, at the bottom, the consensus sequence derived therefrom.
- Figure 3 depicts schematic representations of vectors plCH5300 (A) and plCH5320 (B).
- Figure 4 shows transient expression of GFP in tobacco (A, C) and wheat (B, D) epidermal cells.
- A, B GFP without transit peptide
- C GFP fusion with synthetic transit peptide for dicotyledonous species
- D GFP fusion with synthetic transit peptide for monocotyledonous species.
- Figure 5 depicts constructs for screening for optimal X "3 X "2 X “1 triads for a protein of interest with a given N-terminal amino acid Z.
- TP sequence coding for transit peptide without the C-terminal amino acids X "3 X "2 X “1 ;
- GOI gene of interest;
- GFP coding sequence of green fluorescent protein;
- pr1 and pr 2 overlapping primers for designing and cloning the region encoding X "3 X " 2 X "1 -Z sequence: RS1 and RS2: custom restriction sites.
- Figure 6 depicts the amino acid sequences of all predicted types of fusion proteins for targeting a protein of interest (somatotropin or interferon alpha-2b) into plastids by way of a synthetic transit peptide.
- the fusion proteins are designed to produce required N-terminal amino acid sequence of the proteins of interest after cleaving off the transit peptide.
- Figure 7 depicts the DNA sequences encoding for the protein fusions shown in Fig. 6.
- Figure 8 depicts the schematic presentation of T-DNA regions of the binary vectors plCH 14061 and plCH14071.
- Figure 9 depicts the results of Western blot analysis of plastid-targeted human growth hormone (hGH) somatotropin using two different predicted variants of X "3 X "2 X "1 triads as C-terminal amino acids of the transit peptide.
- hGH human growth hormone
- Lane C Western blot with anti-hGH antibodies.
- Lane C mature hGH (control); lanes 1 , 2 - hGH expressed from plCH14061A; lanes 3, 4 - hGH expressed from plCH14061 B.
- U - hGH precursor unprocessed
- M mature, correctly processed hGH
- S incorrectly processed (small) hGH.
- T-DNA regions of the binary vectors pICH14061A and plCH 14061 B Detailed schemes of the T-DNA regions of the binary vectors pICH14061A and plCH 14061 B.
- Amino acid triads R-F-N (plCH14061A) and P-S-R (plCH14061 B) are given in the one-letter amino acid code in the direction from the N-terminal side to the C-terminal side.
- the general principle of the invention is the following: a gene encoding the fusion protein TP(XXX)-(Z)P (from the N-terminus to the C-terminus) comprising (i) a chloroplast transit peptide TP(X "3 X "2 X ⁇ 1 ) with the C-terminal amino acid residues
- a protein of interest (Z)P wherein (Z) designates the N-terminal amino acid of the protein of interest P is delivered into plant cells preferably using a DNA or an RNA vector.
- the transit peptide TP is engineered in such a way that said three C-terminal amino acid residues X "3 X "2 X “1 of the transit peptide together with N-terminal amino acid Z of the protein of interest form a cleavage site recognized by stromal processing peptidase (Robinson & Ellis, 1984, Eur. J. Biochem., 142, 337-342).
- the transit peptide shall be engineered such that the choice of the amino acid residues X "3 X ⁇ 2 X "1 depends on the N-terminus Z of said protein of interest (see Table 1 ).
- the sets of X "3 X "2 X “1 are unique for each N-terminal amino acid Z, except for some X "3 X "2 X “1 , which show limited degeneracy, e.g. can match different Z (shown in Table 2).
- Table 1 The data shown in Table 1 are the result of transit peptide cleavage site analysis for approximately 400 nuclear-encoded chloroplast targeted proteins from publicly available databases. Some X "3 X "2 X “1 triads correspond to the cleavage motif (IA/)-X-(A/C)-A suggested by Gavel & Von Heijne 1990, FEBS Lett., 261, 455-458. For compiling Table 1 , we have taken into account the possibility of 1-2 amino acid residues removal from the N-terminus after cleaving off the transit peptide (Emanuelsson, Nielsen & Heijne, Protein Sci., 8, 978-984).
- the transit peptides were designed in such a way that they reveal minimum homology to the DNA sequences encoding the transit peptides used for building consensus, but without jeopardizing their targeting efficiency. This was done as preventive measure for avoiding possible transgene silencing caused by homology of the host-encoded transit peptide to the one of transgene.
- example 3 of the invention we describe the use of the artificial transit peptide for delivery of the human growth hormone (hGH) somatotropin and human interferon alpha 2b into the chloroplasts of Nicotiana benthamiana plants.
- Both proteins are secretory and have in the processed form (after cleaving off the transit peptide) an N-terminus starting from phenylalanine (F) for somatotropin and from cysteine (C) for interferon alpha 2b.
- Figure 6 shows in boxes the possible X "3 X "2 X "1 triads for the respective N-termini of the proteins of interest.
- the constructs coding for the fusion proteins of Fig. 6 were subcloned into the 3'provector (Fig.
- RNA and DNA viruses are also efficient delivery systems (Hayes et a/.,1988, Nature, 334. 179-182; Palmer et al., 1999, Arch. Virol., 144. 1345-1360; Lindbo et al., 2001 , Curr. Opin. Plant.
- Said vectors can deliver a transgene either for stable integration into the genome of the plant (direct or /Agro ⁇ acfer/tym-mediated DNA integration) or for transient expression of the transgene ("agroinfiltration").
- Preferred plants for the use in this invention include any plant species with preference given to agronomically and horticulturally important species.
- Common crop plants for the use in the invention include alfalfa, barley, beans, canola, cowpeas, cotton, corn, clover, lotus, lentils, lupine, millet, oats, peas, peanuts, rice, rye, sweet clover, sunflower, sweetpea, soybean, sorghum triticale, yam beans, velvet beans, vetch, wheat, wisteria, and nut plants.
- Plant species preferred for practicing this invention include but are not restricted torepresentatives of Graminae, Compositae, Solanacea and Rosaceae.
- preferred species for use in the invention are plants from the genera: Arabidopsis, Agrostis, Allium, Antirrhinum, Apium, Arachis, Asparagus, Atropa, Avena, Bambusa, Brassica, Bromus, Browaalia, Camellia, Cannabis, Capsicum, Cicer, Chenopodium, Chichorium, Citrus, Coffea, Coix, Cucumis, Curcubita, Cynodon, Dactylis, Datura, Daucus, Digitalis, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Eleusine, Festuca, Fragaria, Geranium, Glycine, Helianthus, Heterocallis, Hevea, Hordeum, Hyoscyamus, Ipomoea, Lactuca, Lens, Lilium, Linum, Lolium, Lotus, Lycopersicon, Majorana, Malus, Mangifera, Manihot, Medicago, Nemesia, Nicotiana, Onobrychi
- Nicotiana species are particularly preferred, as they are easy to transform and to cultivate with well developed expression vector (especially viral vectors) systems.
- Genes of interest, their fragments (functional or non-functional) and their artificial derivatives that can be expressed as the cellular process of interest and isolated using the present invention include, but are not limited to: starch modifying enzymes (starch synthase, starch phosphorylation enzyme, debranching enzyme, starch branching enzyme, starch branching enzyme II, granule bound starch synthase), sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose phosphorylase, polygalacturonase, polyfructan sucrase, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase, fructosyl transferase, glycogen synthase, pectin esterase, aprotinin, avidin, bacterial levansucrase, E.coli glgA protein, MAPK4 and orthologues, nitrogen assimilation/methabolism enzyme, glutamine synthase, plant osmotin, 2S albumin, th
- coli inorganic pyrophosphatase seed storage protein, Erwinia herbicola lycopen synthase, ACC oxidase, pTOM36 encoded protein, phytase, ketohydrolase, acetoacetyl CoA reductase, PHB (polyhydroxybutanoate) synthase, acyl carrier protein, napin, EA9, non-higher plant phytoene synthase, pTOM5 encoded protein, ETR (ethylene receptor), plastidic pyruvate phosphate dikinase, nematode-inducible transmembrane pore protein, trait enhancing photosynthetic or plastid function of the plant cell, stilbene synthase, an enzyme capable of hydroxylating phenols, catechol dioxygenase, catechol 2,3-dioxygenase, chloromuconate cycloisomerase, anthranilate synthase, Brassica A
- Our invention also can be used for the purpose of molecular farming and purification of commercially valuable and pharmaceutically important proteins including industrial enzymes (cellulases, lipases, proteases, phytases etc.) and fibrous proteins (collagen, spider silk protein, etc.). Any human or animal health protein can be expressed and purified using described in our invention approach.
- proteins of interest include inter alia immune response proteins (monoclonal antibodies, single chain antibodies, T cell receptors etc.), antigens including those derived from pathogenic microorganisms, colony stimulating factors, relaxins, polypeptide hormones including somatotropin (HGH) and proinsulin, cytokines and their receptors, interferons, growth factors and coagulation factors, enzymatically active lysosomal enzyme, fibrinolytic polypeptides, blood clotting factors, trypsinogen, a1-antitrypsin (AAT), human serum albumin, glucocerebrosidases, native cholera toxin B as well as function- conservative proteins like fusions, mutant versions and synthetic derivatives of the above proteins.
- immune response proteins monoclonal antibodies, single chain antibodies, T cell receptors etc.
- antigens including those derived from pathogenic microorganisms, colony stimulating factors, relaxins, polypeptide hormones including somatotropin (HGH
- the consensus amino acid sequence of nine chloroplast targeting transit peptides from rubisco small subunit precursor proteins (rbcs) of different dicotyledonous plants was generated by sequence analysis with the DNASTAR software package ( Figure 1).
- the nucleotide sequence encoding the consensus transit peptide was designed taking into account the codon usage for dicotyledonous plants: each triplet codon was selected on the basis of highest codon usage values giving an average GC-content of 43.6 %. Also, by designing the sequence we tried to maximize the difference on cDNA level between the cDNAfor consensus sequence and cDNAs encoding for transit peptides of dicot species used for building the consensus.
- the same strategy as described above was used to create an artificial chloroplast targeting signal sequence for the expression and plastid targeting in monocot plants.
- the consensus amino acid sequence derived from six chloroplast transit peptides from rbcs-proteins of different monocot plants was generated by sequence analysis with the DNASTAR software package ( Figure 2).
- the nucleotide sequence encoding the consensus transit peptide was designed taking into account the codon usage for monocotyledonous plants: each triplet codon was selected on the basis of the highest codon usage values giving an average GC-content of 71.0 % in the final nucleotide sequence.
- the nucleotide sequence encoding for consensus transit peptide of monocotyledonouys species was de novo synthesized and subcloned as Cla1/Nco1 or BamHI/Ncol-fragment (Clal/BamHI 5'-cATCGATAGG ATCCacgatg gccccaaccg tgatggcctc ctccgccacc accgtggccc cattccaggg cctcaagtcc accgccggcc tcccagtggc caggaggtccc tcggcagccggcagccggcagcggcagcggcagcgt gagcaacggc ggcaggatca ggtgcgCCAT GG-3'Ncol) into the vector of interest (see Fig. 3 B, plasmid plCH5320).
- the plasmids encoding the transit peptide - reporter gene fusion were delivered into leaf cells of tobacco and wheat with the help of microprojectile bombardment.
- the results showed an efficient GFP targeting into chloroplasts of both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plant species with the help of artificial transit peptides (Fig. 4).
- the first methionine (M) of GFP can be replaced by any other amino acid Z in order to find X "3 X "2 X "1 triad compatible therewith for generating a cleavage site.
- Suitable restriction sites RS1 and RS2 can be located within TP and GFP coding regions but not far from each other (preferably within the range of 30-50 bp), thus allowing easy synthesis of two overlapping primers of interest for introducing a desired combination of X "3 X "2 X "1 triad and Z amino acid residue in the construct.
- Prepared constructs can be transiently expressed in the plant cells, GFP compartmentalization can be easily observed under UV-microscopy, and the presence of a required N-terminus can be confirmed by protein microsequencing.
- the reporter protein can be tagged at its C-terminal end (e.g. with a 6xHIS-tag).
- a more elaborated version of the test construct includes the gene of interest-GFP fusion (construt B, Figure 5), as this can provide more precise data for expected results of processing said gene of interest in chloroplasts.
- Chloroplast targeting of somatotropin (hGH) and interferon 2B by using artificial transit peptides with cleavage sites according to the invention
- any appropriate plant expression system can be used in order to achieve the goal of this experiment.
- the total soluble protein was extracted from leaf material and analysed on Western blots by using commercially available monoclonal antibodies against somatotropin (mouse anti - hGH, Cat.No:RDI-TRK2G2-Gh29, RDI Research Diagnostic, Flanders, NJ, USA) and interferon alpha 2b (Cat. No.95360-0128, Biotrend, Cologne, Germany).
- ASN ACR, AAA, FVA, HVR, ICC, IGA, IRA, IRC, ISA, A
- ISC ISC, IQC, QIR, KTK, KAK, PLQ, PIA, PIQ, RMG,
- TAM TAQ, TCK, VCK, VAM, WA, VKA, VRA, VTR,
- VGA VGA, WR, WY, WQ, VSC, WC, VFA
- AAA, lPA, MPT, VPS R AAA, lPA, MPT, VPS R
- NMT NMT, PAK, RLR, SVS, TTR, VCM, WA, VAQ, VCC,
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JP2006529809A JP2007500010A (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-05-13 | Method for producing plastid target protein in plant cells |
US10/556,542 US20080131933A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-05-13 | Process of Producing a Plastid-Targeted Protein in Plant Cells |
CA002526911A CA2526911A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-05-13 | Process of producing a plastid-targeted protein in plant cells |
MXPA05012336A MXPA05012336A (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-05-13 | Process of producing a plastid-targeted protein in plant cells. |
AT04732589T ATE533851T1 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-05-13 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A PLASTIC DIRECTED PROTEIN IN PLANT CELLS |
AU2004238991A AU2004238991B2 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-05-13 | Process of producing a plastid-targeted protein in plant cells |
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Cited By (12)
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WO2007138155A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-06 | Yuri Leonidovich Dorokhov | Improved expression of tuberculosis vaccine proteins in plants |
WO2008105890A3 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2009-01-15 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Chloroplast transit peptides for efficient targeting of dmo and uses thereof |
US7557088B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2009-07-07 | Neopro Labs, Llc | Methods and compositions for treating conditions |
EP2100961A1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-16 | Icon Genetics GmbH | Method of protease production in plants |
US7704955B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2010-04-27 | Neopro Pain, Inc. | Methods and compositions for modulating conditions in both mammals and plants |
US7855326B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2010-12-21 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods for weed control using plants having dicamba-degrading enzymatic activity |
US8217141B2 (en) | 2007-05-17 | 2012-07-10 | Neopro Labs, Llc | Crystalline and amorphous forms of peptide |
EP2584042A1 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-24 | Nomad Bioscience GmbH | Production, storage and use of cell wall-degrading enzymes |
CN101636498B (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2013-07-24 | 孟山都技术公司 | Chloroplast transit peptides for efficient targeting of DMO and uses thereof |
USRE44971E1 (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2014-06-24 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method for selection of transformed cells |
AU2016206393B2 (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2017-12-07 | Corteva Agriscience Llc | Synthetic brassica-derived chloroplast transit peptides |
WO2024122717A1 (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-13 | (주)케어젠 | Peptide for cartilage regeneration, and uses thereof |
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CN110218777B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2023-05-16 | 苏州天合优才生物科技有限公司 | PCR premix |
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2004
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WO2024122717A1 (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-13 | (주)케어젠 | Peptide for cartilage regeneration, and uses thereof |
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CA2526911A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
EP1623033A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
JP2007500010A (en) | 2007-01-11 |
AU2004238991A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
AU2004238991B2 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
ATE533851T1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
EP1623033B1 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
US20080131933A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
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MXPA05012336A (en) | 2006-01-30 |
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