WO2004091144A1 - Systeme de gestion de dispositifs terminaux de ligne d'abonne numerique - Google Patents

Systeme de gestion de dispositifs terminaux de ligne d'abonne numerique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004091144A1
WO2004091144A1 PCT/CN2004/000353 CN2004000353W WO2004091144A1 WO 2004091144 A1 WO2004091144 A1 WO 2004091144A1 CN 2004000353 W CN2004000353 W CN 2004000353W WO 2004091144 A1 WO2004091144 A1 WO 2004091144A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
management
terminal device
xdsl
dslam
xdsl terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/000353
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jie Li
Hongyuan Zhang
Qiang Xie
Yupeng Xiong
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
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Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=33160320&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2004091144(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from CNA03121827XA external-priority patent/CN1538666A/zh
Priority claimed from CNB031495001A external-priority patent/CN100359857C/zh
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
Priority to ES04727213T priority Critical patent/ES2295853T5/es
Priority to BRPI0409415-8A priority patent/BRPI0409415A/pt
Priority to AU2004227967A priority patent/AU2004227967B2/en
Priority to DE602004009677T priority patent/DE602004009677T3/de
Priority to EP04727213A priority patent/EP1615383B2/en
Publication of WO2004091144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004091144A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
    • H04L12/2878—Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM
    • H04L12/2879—Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM characterised by the network type on the uplink side, i.e. towards the service provider network
    • H04L12/2881—IP/Ethernet DSLAM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/0813—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings
    • H04L41/0816—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/32—Specific management aspects for broadband networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • H04M11/062—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors using different frequency bands for speech and other data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
    • H04L41/024—Standardisation; Integration using relational databases for representation of network management data, e.g. managing via structured query language [SQL]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/04—Network management architectures or arrangements
    • H04L41/046—Network management architectures or arrangements comprising network management agents or mobile agents therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly to a digital user loop.
  • DSL technology uses the existing twisted pair resources as the transmission medium to develop an asymmetric digital user loop.
  • ADSL Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
  • HDSL Single-line high-speed digital subscriber loop
  • VDSL very high bit rate digital subscriber loop
  • xDSL High-speed digital subscriber loop
  • a digital subscriber loop access multiplexer (DSLAM) device provides a twisted pair interface; a user equipment is provided with an ADSL remote transceiver unit (ATU-R) of the terminal device, and the ATU-R passes The twisted pair is connected to a DSLAM device, which cooperates to implement a broadband access function.
  • ATU-R provides users with a telephone terminal interface and a data terminal interface at the same time.
  • the DSLAM equipment at the CO side accesses the broadband network through the service network interface (SNI), and transmits the user phone from ATU-R through the band separation technology.
  • SNI service network interface
  • NMS network management system
  • the xDSL terminal equipment on the user side also requires the network operator to manage its working status. And maintenance. Due to the large number and wide distribution of xDSL terminal equipment, in order to effectively operate a broadband network, reduce the operator's management and maintenance costs, and better serve broadband users, it is necessary to provide a management and maintenance solution for xDSL terminal equipment.
  • the main management and maintenance methods of xDSL access system are shown in Figure 2.
  • the DSLAM equipment at the CO end is managed and maintained by the NMS.
  • N S is uniformly constructed by the network operator according to the network plan, and centrally manages each DSLAM device in the network.
  • S MP simple network management protocol
  • the CO end can only collect and upload the general physical line parameter information of the xDSL terminal equipment. It cannot implement the xDSL terminal. Management and maintenance of equipment. Therefore, the management and maintenance of the xDSL terminal equipment can only be performed locally at the user.
  • the xDSL terminal device provides a local management and maintenance interface, and the xDSL terminal device is managed and maintained through the management and maintenance interface.
  • a default configuration must exist to implement service interworking with the network equipment.
  • ATM PVC asynchronous conversion mode permanent virtual connection
  • VPN / VCI connection identification virtual channel identification / virtual channel identification
  • the default VPI / VCI configuration of the port PVC in DSLAM equipment produced by different manufacturers is not the same. This requires modification of the configuration parameters of the xDSL terminal equipment to adapt to different DSLAM equipment.
  • xDSL terminal equipment must be configured with ATM PVC connections required by the service before leaving the factory or distributed to users. If the factory configuration of the xDSL terminal equipment cannot meet the needs of the service, it must be manually changed one by one instead of automatic configuration of the xDSL terminal. This has led operators to provide maintenance means to help broadband users open accounts, which is not good for large-scale broadband operations, and users' misoperation of xDSL terminal equipment will also affect their use.
  • ADSL access technology is based on ATM technology and developed.
  • ADSL's central transceiver unit (ATU-C) and ATU_R carry user data through ATM PVC, which is the service PVC shown in Figure 3. Therefore, it is easy to think of setting up another PVC to manage ADSL terminal equipment.
  • This PVC is shown in Figure 3 Manage PVC. This management method is also applicable to SHDSL access based on the same ATM method.
  • the DSLAM device or xTU-C of the device is used.
  • the management PVC is terminated with an ATM / IP conversion protocol such as 1483B or IPoA, and a management entity based on the Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) protocol stack is run.
  • TCP / IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
  • the management entity does not need to be based on the TCP / IP protocol stack to encapsulate the management protocol on the PVC.
  • the xDSL terminal device needs to be configured with at least two ATM PVC connections, one for carrying user data services and the other for carrying management information.
  • a management entity must be run to manage the management entity and the DSLAM device.
  • Entities communicate in accordance with agreed management protocols such as HTTP, telnet, SNMP, etc. to implement management functions.
  • agreed management protocols such as HTTP, telnet, SNMP, etc.
  • the agreed communication protocol is based on the TCP / IP protocol
  • a corresponding IP address needs to be configured in the management entity to distinguish different management entities.
  • the management entity of the DSLAM device communicates with the xDSL terminal device through the management PVC to form a channel for management information, and implements control of the xDSL terminal device such as data under the control of the terminal management system. Configuration, software upgrade, statistical maintenance, diagnostic testing and other management functions.
  • the establishment of a management PVC connection only realizes the connection channel between the DSLAM device and the xDSL terminal device.
  • the most popular bearer protocol is the TCP / IP protocol, which requires the management entity of the xDSL terminal device to support the TCP / IP protocol stack. That is, the TCP / IP protocol stack shown in FIG. 4 needs to be implemented on the management entity of the xDSL terminal device, and therefore, an IP address must be allocated to the management entity.
  • xDSL terminal devices generally use transparent bridging, and no internal IP address is required.
  • an xDSL terminal device is set to be managed by a DSLAM device, the complexity of the xDSL terminal device is bound to be inevitable. Increase, and also need to consider the planning and allocation of the IP address of the xDSL terminal equipment, which leads to increased management difficulty, which also increases costs.
  • each DSLAM device since the maximum number of xDSL ports supported by each DSLAM device can reach more than 10,000 lines, in order to terminate the management PVC of each xDSL terminal device, it is also necessary to set corresponding hardware devices in the DSLAM device to terminate these large numbers of management PVCs. This adds to the complexity of DSLAM equipment.
  • VDSL terminal equipment cannot be achieved.
  • the PVC-based connection management channel is applicable to ATM-based xDSL access technologies, such as ADSL and SHDSL.
  • ATM-based xDSL access technologies such as ADSL and SHDSL.
  • this management solution is no longer applicable, and other management channels must be constructed.
  • Ethernet-based VDSL In other words, you need to build other management channels.
  • the management solutions for different xDSL technologies cannot be unified, so the DSLAM equipment on the CO side is Different management entities need to be run for different xDSL access methods, which increases the complexity of the CO-end equipment.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a digital user loop terminal device management system, so that no configuration is made for the xDSL terminal device in advance, and when the xDSL line is activated, the terminal device management system can implement the communication through the DSLAM device. Centralized configuration, testing and monitoring of xDSL terminals.
  • a digital user loop terminal equipment management system includes a terminal equipment management unit, and a central digital subscriber loop access multiplexer with a management entity, respectively.
  • DSLAM equipment and digital subscriber loop xDSL terminal equipment, the terminal equipment management unit and the management entity each have a management information base MIB for implementing management functions,
  • the terminal device management unit is connected to the management entity of the central office DSLAM device, and between the management entity of the central office DSLAM device and the management entity of the user xDSL terminal device through a management interface;
  • the terminal device management unit adopts a communication protocol and performs data transmission between the central office DSLAM device and the xDSL terminal device;
  • the central office DSLAM device converts and transparently transmits the received data.
  • the terminal device management unit further includes a file server, and the xDSL terminal device further includes a file upgrade entity; the file server and the file upgrade entity pass files.
  • the transmission interface is connected, and a file download or upgrade is performed on the xDSL terminal device through the interface, and the file server and the file
  • the transmission channel of the protocol The transmission channel of the protocol.
  • the terminal device management unit runs a single network management protocol SNMP, the central office DSLAM device runs a simple network management protocol proxy service process SNMP Proxy, and the xDSL terminal device runs a simple network protocol proxy process SNMP Agent; the terminal device management unit
  • the SNMP protocol is transmitted to the xDSL terminal device using the SNMP protocol.
  • the channel used for transmitting the SNMP message between the terminal device management unit and the xDSL terminal device is the embedded operating channel EOC, and the link layer control protocol used is the high-level data link control protocol HDLC.
  • the interface between the EOC and HDLC is the interface in the ITU-T G.997.1 standard.
  • the SNMP message sent by the terminal equipment management unit to the xDSL terminal equipment is configuration and command information; the xDSL terminal equipment saves the configuration and command information issued by the terminal management equipment unit, and uses this information as the configuration at the next startup data.
  • the central office DSLAM device is provided with a network management system NMS for managing the DSLAM device, and the terminal device management unit is integrated in the NMS or exists as a separate system.
  • NMS network management system
  • the data transmitted between the terminal device management unit and the xDSL terminal device is: data transmission is performed through identification information of the xDSL terminal device; the identification information of the xDSL terminal device is a digital subscriber line port connected to the xDSL terminal device on the DSLAM device Physical location information.
  • the digital subscriber loop is an asymmetric digital subscriber loop ADSL, a very high bit rate digital subscriber loop VDSL or a single-pair high-speed digital subscriber loop SHDSL.
  • the solution of the invention has the following advantages: 1) The configuration free of the xDSL terminal equipment is realized. Through the setting of the solution of the present invention, as long as the xDSL line is synchronized, management of the xDSL terminal device can be achieved without any default configuration of the xDSL terminal device, and the compatibility and adaptability of the xDSL terminal device are strong.
  • Management functions are easy to expand.
  • the solution of the present invention implements a proxy function on a DSLAM device to transparently forward specific high-level management messages. Therefore, when a new user interface or a new service function is required to be provided in an xDSL terminal device with the development of technology, only the Modifications and upgrades to the unified terminal equipment management system are sufficient to avoid modification and upgrade of DSLAM equipment in the entire network.
  • the solution of the present invention identifies the xDSL terminal device through the identification of the CO-side DSLAM port, which can easily locate the xDSL terminal device, and the terminal device management unit does not need to configure a specific address such as an IP address for the xDSL terminal device , You can manage the xDSL terminal equipment, so it will not occupy a large number of IP addresses.
  • FIG. 1 is an application model of an ADSL broadband access network in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a solution for managing xDSL terminal equipment in the first conventional technology
  • FIG. 3 is a solution for managing xDSL terminal equipment in the second conventional technology
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a protocol stack involved in the second prior art
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reference model for xDSL terminal device management in the solution of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a protocol stack reference model for ADSL terminal device management in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure ⁇ is a schematic diagram of another reference model of a protocol stack managed by an ADSL terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an SNMP message and an HDLC interface frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode of Carrying Out the Invention
  • the xDSL terminal device management system includes at least one terminal device management unit for managing the xDSL terminal device, a DSLAM device at the CO end, and an xDSL terminal device at the user side.
  • the terminal device management unit implements the associated processing of the user interface and network components;
  • the DSLAM device implements the conversion and transparent transmission of management messages between the terminal device management unit and the xDSL terminal device;
  • the xDSL terminal device implements the management protocol and access control.
  • the DSLAM device and the xDSL terminal device each have a management entity.
  • a management information base (MIB) is provided in the terminal device management unit and the management entity, and various management functions are realized through these MIBs.
  • the solution of the present invention needs to add the following management interface to the above device:
  • Management interface between xDSL terminal equipment and CO-side DSLAM. This interface is specifically located between the management entity in the DSLAM device and the management entity of the xDSL terminal device. Through this interface, the management information of the xDSL terminal device can be transmitted.
  • a file transmission interface between the file server and the xDSL terminal device Specifically, in order to implement file download, software upgrade and other operations on the xDSL terminal device, a file server needs to be set in the terminal device management unit, a file upgrade entity is set in the xDSL terminal device, and the file server and the file upgrade entity are set up.
  • a file transmission interface is set between the files, and files can be transferred through the interface, and the terminal device management unit cooperates to complete the file download and software upgrade operations of the user-side xDSL terminal device.
  • the file transmission channel between the file server and the file upgrade entity is a transmission channel using a standard file transmission protocol, and the transmission channel can be established through SNMP management message control.
  • the DSLAM device can be connected to the terminal device management unit and the xDSL terminal device through a communication interface.
  • the DSLAM device only performs transparent processing and conversion of the underlying communication protocol on the management information related to the xDSL terminal device, and does not perform management protocol analysis processing.
  • the terminal equipment management unit can access the xDSL terminal equipment through the DSLAM equipment, and can realize the centralized management and maintenance of all xDSL terminal equipment. In this way, if the interface and functions of the xDSL terminal device are changed and the management information needs to be expanded or updated, only the terminal device management unit needs to be modified and upgraded accordingly to support the new management function without the need for the DSLAM device. change.
  • the physical location information of the DSLAM device port can be used to identify the terminal device, and the terminal device management unit locates the xDSL terminal device through the physical location information, and Manage and control.
  • the identification information set for the xDSL terminal device is actually the physical location information of the digital subscriber line port connected to the xDSL terminal device through the DSLAM device.
  • the DSLAM device at the remote end has multiple structures. If the DSLAM device is a single-rack stand-alone chassis, the physical location information of its ports includes a triplet consisting of the central office equipment identification, the board slot identification, and the port identification.
  • the physical location information of the ports includes a quadruple consisting of the equipment ID of the central office, the chassis ID, the slot ID of the board, and the port ID. If the DSLAM device is a multi-rack multi-rack, then its The physical location information of the port includes a five-tuple composed of the central office equipment identification, rack identification, chassis identification, board slot identification, and port identification. Correspondingly, the identification information of the xDSL terminal equipment also has these situations.
  • the rack ID, chassis ID, board slot ID, and port ID can be represented by an integer of 32.
  • the terminal device management unit in the solution of the present invention manages the xDSL terminal device through the DSLAM device
  • the SNMP protocol that is consistent with the device operation management mode of the general network can be adopted.
  • the NMS is used to manage DSLAM equipment. Its form is generally a high-performance workstation, and it communicates with the DSLAM equipment through the SNMP protocol. Therefore, the terminal equipment management unit in the solution of the present invention can be integrated in the NMS. It can also exist as an independent management system.
  • the management entity mentioned in this embodiment is a functional module running on the device.
  • the management entity referred to here refers to the SNMP Proxy module running on the DSLAM equipment and the SNMP Agent module on xDSL terminal equipment.
  • the functions of these two modules are to pass the SNMP message issued by the terminal equipment management unit to the xDSL terminal equipment, and execute related commands and perform corresponding management and maintenance operations according to the SNMP message.
  • the ADSL terminal device is carried out through the SNMP protocol in the ADSL access system. Management is taken as an example to further describe the scheme of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a protocol model for implementing management of the ADSL access system through the S MP protocol in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SNMP message is carried on the embedded operation channel (EOC) channel of the ADSL, and the control protocol of the link layer is carried by an advanced data link control protocol (HDLC) frame.
  • EOC embedded operation channel
  • HDLC advanced data link control protocol
  • the xDSL lines are synchronized, management information can be exchanged between the CO end and the xDSL terminal device, thereby eliminating the requirements for the default configuration data, IP address, and protocol of the xDSL terminal device, and achieving the purpose of configuration-free maintenance.
  • the definition of the interface between HDLC and EOC complies with the ITU-T G.997.1 standard.
  • Figure 8 shows the frame structure of the SNMP message and HDLC interface.
  • the SNMP message is sent to the DSLAM device through the management interface between the terminal device management unit and the DSLAM device, and the DSLAM device checks whether the received text is The management message of the xDSL terminal device, if it is, the management entity therein, namely the SNMP proxy module, forwards the SNMP 4 text to the xDSL terminal device through the EOC channel and the HDLC frame.
  • the management entity in the xDSL terminal device that is, the SNMP Agent module receives the SNMP message through the EOC channel and the HDLC frame, and performs corresponding processing according to the SNMP message.
  • the reverse process is used. Since the SNMP protocol is directly carried on the HDLC frame as an application layer protocol, there is no TCP / IP protocol layer, and no configuration such as IP address is required.
  • management of xDSL terminal equipment can also be performed based on other high-level protocols such as the IP protocol, and management information is also carried through the EOCs in these systems to implement management applications.
  • IP protocol since the IP protocol is used, it is also required that a default configuration of an IP address exists in the xDSL terminal device, and the IP address must be able to ensure interworking between the xDSL terminal device and the terminal device management unit.
  • the protocol reference model in this case is shown in Figure 7.
  • the terminal device management unit should save the configuration information of all terminals, and these configuration information can be automatically delivered to the xDSL terminal device by the terminal device management unit when needed.
  • the terminal device management unit After the terminal device management unit completes the configuration of the xDSL terminal device, it needs to issue a command to the xDSL terminal device and request the xDSL terminal device to save the configuration data as the configuration data for the next startup of the terminal device in the internal nonvolatile In memory.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
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Description

一种数字用户环路终端设备管理系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 更确切地说是涉及一种数字用户环路
( DSL ) 的终端设备管理系统。 发明背景
随着电信网络的发展， 已经有越来越多的用户在享受宽带给他们的 工作和生活所带来的便利。 在众多的宽带接入技术中， DSL技术利用现 有的双绞线资源作为传输媒介， 发展形成了不对称数字用户环路
( ADSL )> 单线对高速数字用户环路（SHDSL )、 甚高比特率数字用户 环路（VDSL )等多种接入技术， 将这些技术统称为 xDSL, 这些技术可 以适应不同的客户需求， 在全球范围内获得了广泛的应用， 并取得了良 好的经济效益和社会效益。
以 ADSL接入技术为例， 其网络应用模型如图 1所示。 在局端（CO 端）， 由数字用户环路接入复接器（DSLAM )设备提供双绞线接口； 在 用户侧设置终端设备 ADSL远端收发单元（ ATU— R ), 该 ATU— R通过双 绞^与 DSLAM设备连接， 两者配合实现宽带接入功能。 具体来说， ATU— R同时为用户提供电话终端接口和数据终端接口， CO端的 DSLAM 设备则通过业务网络接口 （SNI )接入宽带网絡， 并通过频带分离技术 将 ATU— R 传过来的用户话机模拟话音信号接入公共交换电话网
( PSTN )o
由于调制技术、 频带划分等的差异， 其他的 xDSL接入系统在网络 应用上稍有不同， 比如， VDSL接入时 CO端的 DSLAM设备与用户侧 的 VTU— R之间的传输距离较近， 而 SHDSL由于采用基带传输， 因此不 能与窄带模拟话音共享线路， 但是， 所有 xDSL接入系统的宽带接入应 用方式基本类似。
目前， 网络中的 DSLAM设备是由网络管理系统（NMS )对其进行 管理和维护的， 用户侧的 xDSL终端设备作为宽带接入解决方案的一个 环节， 同样需要网络运营者对其工作状态进行管理和维护。 由于 xDSL 终端设备数量众多、 分布广泛， 为实现有效运行宽带网络、 减小运营者 的管理维护成本、 更好地为宽带用户提供服务， 因此需要提供 xDSL终 端设备的管理维护方案。
目前最主要的 xDSL接入系统管理维护方式如图 2所示。 在图 2所 示的网络模型中， CO端的 DSLAM设备由 NMS进行管理维护。 N S 由网络运营者根据网络规划统一建设， 对网络内部的各个 DSLAM设备 进行集中管理， NMS与 DSLAM设备之间一般运行简单网络管理协议 ( S MP )。 对于网络中的 xDSL终端设备来说， 由于其位置在用户侧， 通常情况下在 CO端只能实现对 xDSL终端设备的一般物理线路参数信 息的收集和上 ·^艮， 而不能实现对 xDSL终端设备的管理维护功能。 因此 目前对 xDSL终端设备的管理维护功能只能在用户本地进行。具体来说， 是由 xDSL终端设备提供一个本地管理维护接口， 通过该管理维护接口 对 xDSL终端设备进行管理和维护。
但是， 上述方案存在以下缺点：
1 )不能实现 xDSL终端设备的集中管理维护。 在上述方案中， NMS 只能对 CO端 DSLAM设备的管理维护， 对于 xDSL终端设备的管理维 护则需要在用户侧进行， 无法通过 NMS 实现对宽带网络的有效管理和 维护。
2 ) 网络运营维护成本高。 xDSL终端设备的管理维护只能在用户侧 进行， 这样， 只能通过上门维护解决 xDSL终端设备所出现的包括升级 在内的许多问题， 而这些问题中还会包括 xDSL终端设备本身的故障或 用户对 xDSL终端设备的误操作等， 所以说， 对于出现的所有问题都要 上门维护， 这必然导致了维护成^艮高。
3 )不利于网络设备的兼容。 xDSL终端设备在交付用户使用时， 必 须存在默认的配置， 以实现与网络设备的业务互通。 比如， ADSL终端 设备在提供给用户时， 必须配置异步转换模式永久虚连接（ATM PVC ), 且 PVC的连接标识虚通路标识 /虚通道标识（ VPI/VCI )必须与 DSLAM 上相应端口的配置相同。 而实际上， 不同厂家生产的 DSLAM设备中的 端口 PVC所缺省配置的 VPI/VCI并不相同，这就需要对 xDSL终端设备 的配置参数进行修改才能适应不同的 DSLAM设备。
4 )不能实现 xDSL终端免配置和自动配置。 XDSL终端设备在出厂 或发放给用户时，必须事先配置业务所需的 ATM PVC连接，如果 xDSL 终端设备的出厂配置不能适合业务的需要， 则必须逐一进行手工更改， 而不能实现 xDSL终端的自动配置， 这就导致了运营商必须提供维护手 段帮助宽带用户开户， 这对宽带的大规模运营很不利， 且用户对 xDSL 终端设备的误操作也会影响用户的使用。
为解决上述方案中无法实现对 xDSL终端设备进行集中统一管理的 问题， 出现了如图 3所示的终端管理技术。在众多的 xDSL接入技术中， 当前应用最广泛的是 ADSL接入技术， 以 ADSL接入技术为例， ADSL 接入技术是以 ATM技术为基础产生并发展起来的， ADSL的局端收发 单元（ ATU— C )与 ATU_R之间通过 ATM PVC, 即图 3所示的业务 PVC 承载用户数据， 因此， 很容易想到再建立一条 PVC对 ADSL终端设备 进行管理， 该 PVC即为图 3所示的管理 PVC。 该管理方式也适用于同 样基于 ATM方式的 SHDSL接入。
具体来说，如图 3所示，在 DSLAM设备或者该设备的 xTU— C上采 用 1483B或 IPoA等 ATM/IP的转换协议终结管理 PVC, 并运行基于传 输控制协议 /互联网协议（TCP/IP )协议栈的管理实体。也可以采用 AAL5 终结管理 PVC, 这样， 管理实体不需要基于 TCP/IP协议栈， 即可将管 理协议封装在 PVC上。 另外， xDSL终端设备需要至少配置两条 ATM PVC连接， 一条用于承载用户的数据业务， 另一条用于承载管理信息， 同时， 还必须运行一个管理实体， 通过该管理实体与 DSLAM设备中的 管理实体按照约定的诸如 HTTP、 telnet、 SNMP之类的管理协议进行通 信， 以实现管理功能。 一般情况下， 如果约定的通信协议基于 TCP/IP 协议，则需要在管理实体中配置相应的 IP地址，以区别不同的管理实体。 对于 DSLAM设备来说， 不管是采用哪种终结方式， 其中的管理实体都 是通过管理 PVC与 xDSL终端设备通信，构成管理信息的通道， 并在终 端管理系统的控制下实现对 xDSL终端设备诸如数据配置、 软件升级、 统计维护、 诊断测试等各项管理功能。
与前一技术相比， 该技术最大的改进在于可以实现对 xDSL终端设 备的集中统一管理， 运营者不必再为维护 xDSL终端设备而在不同的用 户之间奔波。 但是， 该技术仍然存在一些明显的缺点：
1 ) 兼容性问题仍然存在。 该技术方案中需要在 xDSL终端设备与 CO端的 DSLAM设备端口上均存在至少两条 ATM PVC连接，一条是业 务 PVC, 另外一条是管理 PVC, 因此， xDSL终端设备在出厂或交付用 户使用时， 必须保证管理 PVC已经配置完成，且与 CO端 DSLAM设备 相应端口的配置参数完全一致。而不同运营商的管理 PVC配置可能完全 不同， 因此， 要保证管理 PVC的配置一致比较困难。
2 )造成设备复杂和成本上升。
该方案中，建立管理 PVC连接只是实现了 DSLAM设备与 xDSL终 端设备之间的连接通道， 要实现对 xDSL终端设备的管理维护， 还需要 构建在 PVC通道上的承载协议。 目前最比较流行的承载协议是 TCP/IP 协议，这就要求 xDSL终端设备的管理实体支持 TCP/IP协议栈。也就是 说，需要在 xDSL终端设备的管理实体上实现如图 4所示的 TCP/IP协议 栈， 因此， 必须为该管理实体分配 IP地址。 而实际运用情况中的 xDSL 终端设备一般是采用透明桥接方式， 其内部是不需要 IP地址的， 因此， 如果将 xDSL终端设备设置为能够通过 DSLAM设备进行管理，则 xDSL 终端设备的复杂度必然会增大，并且还需要考虑 xDSL终端设备 IP地址 的规划和分配问题， 这就导致了管理难度加大， 从而也增加了成本。
另外， 由于每个 DSLAM设备支持的 xDSL端口最大可以达到一万 线以上， 为了终结每个 xDSL终端设备的管理 PVC， 还需要在 DSLAM 设备中设置相应的硬件设备， 以终结这些大量的管理 PVC, 这又增加了 DSLAM设备的复杂性。
3 )无法实现对多个 xDSL终端设备同时管理。 由于该方案需要为 xDSL终端设备中的管理实体分配一个 IP地址， 为保证该 IP地址是 DSLAM设备中的管理实体所知的 , 目前可行的办法是在生产 xDSL终 端设备时统一配置缺省的 IP地址， 这带来的问题是： 所有 xDSL终端设 备中管理实体的 IP地址都是相同的， 因此， 在通过访问 xDSL终端设备 对管理实现进行管理时， 运营者只能采用逐个进行的方式， 也即只有在 断开当前管理的 xDSL终端设备后， 才能访问另一个 xDSL,终端设备， 而不能同时管理多个 xDSL终端设备， 这对运营者来说显然很不方便。
4 )无法实现对 VDSL终端设备的管理。 基于 PVC的连接管理通道 适用于基于 ATM的 xDSL接入技术， 比如 ADSL和 SHDSL, 当 ATM 连接不存在时， 该管理方案则不再适用， 而必须构建其他的管理通道， 对于基于以太网的 VDSL来说，就需要构建其他的管理通道。也就是说， 对不同 xDSL技术的管理方案无法统一， 因此 CO端的 DSLAM设备上 需要为不同的 xDSL接入方式运行不同的管理实体， 这就增加了 CO端 设备的复杂度。
5 )仍然不能实现 xDSL终端设备的免配置。从上面描述的技术方案 已经可以看出， 在使用 xDSL终端设备之前， 仍然需要对其进行初始配 置， 该配置至少包括对管理通道及相应 IP协议的配置， 因此， 加大了开 户运营的难度。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种数字用户环路终端设备 管理系统， 使不对 xDSL终端设备预先作任何配置， 在 xDSL线路被激 活时， 终端设备管理系统即可通过 DSLAM设备实现对 xDSL终端的集 中配置、 测试和监控。
为达到以上目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的： 一种数字用户 环路终端设备管理系统， 包括一个终端设备管理单元、 分别带有管理实 体的局端数字用户环路接入复接器 DSLAM设备和数字用户环路 xDSL 终端设备， 终端设备管理单元及管理实体分别带有用于实现管理功能的 管理信息库 MIB ,
所述终端设备管理单元与局端 DSLAM设备的管理实体之间、 以及 局端 DSLAM设备的管理实体与用户端 xDSL终端设备的管理实体之间 通过管理接口连接；
所述终端设备管理单元采用通信协议， 并通过局端 DSLAM设备与 xDSL终端设备之间进行数据传输；
所述局端 DSLAM设备对收到的数据进行转换与透传。
所述终端设备管理单元中进一步包括文件服务器， xDSL终端设备 中进一步包括文件升级实体； 所述文件服务器和文件升级实体通过文件 传输接口连接， 并通过该接口对 xDSL终端设备进行文件下载或升级， 所述文件服务器与文件
件传输协议的传输通道。
所述终端设备管理单元中运行筒单网络管理协议 SNMP , 局端 DSLAM设备中运行简单网络管理协议代理服务进程 SNMP Proxy, xDSL终端设备中运行简单网络协议代理进程 SNMP Agent;所述终端设 备管理单元与 xDSL终端设备之间采用 SNMP协议传输 SNMP管理报 文。
所述终端设备管理单元与 xDSL终端设备之间传输 SNMP报文所采 用的通道为内嵌操作通道 EOC,所采用的链路层控制协议为高级数据链 路控制规程 HDLC。
所述的 EOC与 HDLC之间的接口为 ITU-T G.997.1标准中的接口。 所述终端设备管理单元发送给 xDSL终端设备的 SNMP报文为配置 和命令信息； 所述 xDSL终端设备保存终端管理设备单元下发的配置和 命令信息， 并将该信息作为下次启动时的配置数据。
所述局端 DSLAM设备带有一个用于管理 DSLAM设备的网管系统 NMS, 所述终端设备管理单元集成在所述 NMS中， 或作为一个单独的 系统存在。
所述终端设备管理单元与 xDSL 终端设备之间传输数据为： 通过 xDSL终端设备的标识信息进行数据传输； 所述 xDSL终端设备的标识 信息为 DSLAM设备上与该 xDSL终端设备连接的数字用户线端口的物 理位置信息。
所述数字用户环路为不对称数字用户环路 ADSL, 甚高比特率数字 用户环路 VDSL或单线对高速数字用户环路 SHDSL。
本发明方案具有以下优点： 1 )实现了 xDSL终端设备的免配置。 通过本发明方案的设置， 只要 xDSL 线路同步后就可以实现对 xDSL 终端设备的管理， 而不需要对 xDSL终端设备进行任何缺省配置， xDSL 终端设备的兼容性和适应性 强。
2 ) 实现了对 xDSL终端设备的集中管理。 通过本发明方案的设置， 可以在终端设备管理中心实现对全网 xDSL终端设备的管理维护， 免去 到 xDSL终端设备本地维护的工作， 大大降低了网络的运营维护成本。
3 )实现了对全网 xDSL终端设备的同时管理维护。 通过本发明方案 的设置， 不需要在 xDSL终端设备设置 IP地址， 避免了因 IP地址分配 和缺省配置时带来的地址资源浪费、 无法同时访问多个 xDSL终端设备 的问题。
4 )管理功能容易扩展。 本发明方案通过在 DSLAM设备实现 Proxy 功能， 以对具体的高层管理消息进行透传转发， 因此， 在随着技术的发 展需要在 xDSL终端设备提供新的用户接口或新的业务功能时， 只需要 对统一的终端设备管理系统进行修改升级即可， 避免了对全网中的 DSLAM设备进行修改和升级。
5 )降低对 xDSL终端设备的管理成本。 由于本发明所提供的管理通 道完全是由 xDSL芯片本身支持的， 因此 CO端设备不需要为终端管理 配置额外的硬件设备来终结管理通道， 这样， 就大大降低了管理成本。
6 )本发明方案通过 CO端 DSLAM端口的标识对 xDSL终端设备进 行标识， 可以很方便地对 xDSL终端设备进行定位， 且终端设备管理单 元不需要为 xDSL终端设备配置诸如 IP地址之类的特定地址， 即可对 xDSL终端设备进行管理， 因此， 也就不会占用大量的 IP地址。 附图简要说明
图 1为现有技术中 ADSL宽带接入网络的应用模型；
图 2为现有技术一中 xDSL终端设备管理的解决方案；
图 3为现有技术二中 xDSL终端设备管理的解决方案；
图 4为现有技术二所涉及的协议栈示意图；
图 5为本发明方案中 xDSL终端设备管理的参考模型示意图； 图 6为本发明实施例中 ADSL终端设备管理的一种协议栈参考模型 示意图；
'图 Ί为本发明实施例中 ADSL终端设备管理的另一种协议栈参考模 型示意图；
图 8为本发明实施例中 SNMP报文及 HDLC接口帧结构的示意图。 实施本发明的方式
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明方案作进一步详细的说明。 本发明方案所涉及的 xDSL终端设备管理系统中， 至少包括一个用 于管理 xDSL终端设备的终端设备管理单元、 CO端的 DSLAM设备及 用户侧的 xDSL终端设备。 终端设备管理单元实现用户界面和网络部件 的关联处理； DSLAM设备实现终端设备管理单元与 xDSL终端设备之 间管理报文的转换与透传； xDSL终端设备则实现管理协议和访问控制。 其中， DSLAM设备和 xDSL终端设备分别带有管理实体。 终端设备管 理单元及管理实体中均带有管理信息库（MIB ), 通过这些 MIB实现各 项管理功能。
本发明方案需要在上述设备中增加如下管理接口：
1 )终端设备管理单元与 CO端 DSLAM设备之间的管理接口。此接 口具体位于终端设备管理单元与 DSLAM设备中的管理实体之间， 通过 该接口可以实现对 xDSL终端设备的间接管理。
2 ) xDSL终端设备与 CO端 DSLAM之间的管理接口。 此接口具体 位于 DSLAM设备中的管理实体与 xDSL终端设备的管理实体之间， 通 过该接口可以传递 xDSL终端设备管理信息。
3 )文件服务器与 xDSL终端设备之间的文件传输接口。 具体来说， 为实现对 xDSL终端设备的文件下载、 软件升级等操作， 需要在终端设 备管理单元中设置文件服务器， 并在 xDSL终端设备中设置文件升级实 体， 并在该文件服务器与文件升级实体之间设置一个文件传输接口， 通 过该接口可以传递文件， 并与终端设备管理单元配合完成用户端 xDSL 终端设备的文件下载、 软件升级等操作。 另外， 文件服务器与文件升级 实体之间的文件传输通道为采用标准文件传输协议的传输通道， 且该传 输通道可以通过 SNMP管理报文控制建立。
通过上述设置， DSLAM设备即可与终端设备管理单元和 xDSL终 端设备之间通过通信接口连接。 并且 DSLAM设备对与 xDSL终端设备 相关的管理信息只进行透明处理和底层通信协议的转换， 而不进行管理 协议分析处理。 终端设备管理单元通过 DSLAM设备可以对 xDSL终端 设备进行访问， 并能实现对所有 xDSL终端设备的集中管理和维护。 这 样， 如果 xDSL终端设备的接口和功能改变而需要对管理信息进行扩展 或者更新时， 只需要对终端设备管理单元进行相应的修改和升级就可以 支持新的管理功能， 而不需要对 DSLAM设备进行更改。
上述 xDSL终端设备在接入 CO端的 DSLAM设备时， 可以使用该 DSLAM设备端口的物理位置信息来标识该终端设备， 终端设备管理单 元则通过该物理位置信息定位该 xDSL终端设备， 并对该终端设备进行 管理和控制。为 xDSL终端设备设置的标识信息实际上就是通过 DSLAM 设备上与该 xDSL终端设备连接的数字用户线端口的物理位置信息， CO 端的 DSLAM设备具有多种结构， 如果 DSLAM设备为单机架单机框， 则其端口的物理位置信息包括局端设备标识、 单板槽位标识及端口标识 所组成的三元组； 如果 DSLAM设备为单机架多机框， 则其端口的物理 位置信息包括局端设备标识、 机框标识、 单板槽位标识以及端口标识所 组成的四元组； 如果 DSLAM设备为多机架多机框， 则其端口的物理位 置信息包括局端设备标识、 机架标识、 机框标识、 单板槽位标识和端口 标识所组成的五元组， 对应地， xDSL 终端设备的标识信息也有这几种 情况。
另外， xDSL 终端设备标识还可以采用函数来标识， 比如， 该函数 = F (机架标识， 机框标识， 单板槽位标识， 端口标识）， 该函数可以是 一个编码规则。 其中的机架标识、 机框标识、 单板槽位标识和端口标识 可以用一个 32为的整数来表示。
本发明方案中的终端设备管理单元在通过 DSLAM设备对 xDSL终 端设备进行管理时， 可以采用与一般网络的设备运营管理方式一致的 SNMP协议。 而 NMS是用于管理 DSLAM设备的， 其形态一般是一台 高性能的工作站，且其与 DSLAM设备之间也是通过 SNMP协议进行通 信， 因此， 本发明方案中的终端设备管理单元可以集成在 NMS 中， 也 可以作为一个独立的管理系统存在。
另外， 本实施例中提到的管理实体是运行于设备上的功能模块， 对 于 DSLAM设备和 xDSL终端设备来说， 这里所说的管理实体就是指运 行在 DSLAM设备上的 SNMP Proxy模块和运行在 xDSL终端设备上的 SNMP Agent模块。 这两个模块的作用是将终端设备管理单元下发的 SNMP消息传递到 xDSL终端设备上， 并根据该 SNMP消息执行有关命 令， 以及作相应的管理维护操作。
下面以在 ADSL接入系统中通过 SNMP协议对 ADSL终端设备进行 管理为例， 对本发明方案作进一步详细的说明。
图 6所述为本发明实施例中通过 S MP协议实现 ADSL接入系统管 理的协议模型。 在基于 SNMP方式进行 xDSL终端设备管理时， SNMP 报文承载在 ADSL的内嵌操作通道（EOC )通道上， 链路层的控制 议 则采用高级数据链路控制规程 ( HDLC )帧承载， 这样， 只要 xDSL线 路同步， 就可以实现 CO端与 xDSL终端设备之间的管理信息交互， 从 而免除了对 xDSL终端设备的缺省配置数据和 IP地址、协议的要求， 达 到了免配置维护的目的。其中， HDLC与 EOC之间的接口定义符合 ITU-T G.997.1标准。 图 8所示即为 SNMP报文以及 HDLC接口的帧结构。
具体来说， 当终端设备管理单元需要管理 xDSL终端设备时， 通过 终端设备管理单元与 DSLAM设备之间的管理接口将 SNMP报文发送给 DSLAM设备， DSLAM设备则检查收到的才艮文是否为 xDSL终端设备的 管理报文， 如果是， 则其中的管理实体， 即 SNMP Proxy模块通过 EOC 通道及 HDLC帧将 SNMP 4艮文转发给 xDSL终端设备。 xDSL终端设备 中的管理实体， 即 SNMP Agent模块通过 EOC通道及 HDLC帧接收 SNMP报文， 并根据 SNMP报文作出相应的处理。 如果 xDSL终端设备 有 SNMP报文需要上报给终端设备管理单元时， 则采用相反的流程。 由 于 SNMP协议作为应用层协议直接承载在 HDLC帧上，因此没有 TCP/IP 协议层， 不需要进行 IP地址等配置。
对于 xDSL系统来说， 对 xDSL终端设备的管理也可以基于诸如 IP 协议之类的其他高层协议进行， 且同样通过这些系统中的 EOC承载管 理信息， 从而实现管理应用。 但是， 由于采用的是 IP协议， 因此， 还要 求 xDSL终端设备中存在 IP地址的缺省配置， 并且该 IP地址必须能够 保证 xDSL终端设备与终端设备管理单元互通。 这种情况下的协议参考 模型如图 7所示。 另外， 终端设备管理单元中应保存所有终端的配置信息， 且这些配 置信息在需要的时候可以通过终端设备管理单元自动下发给 xDSL终端 设备。 终端设备管理单元在完成对 xDSL 终端设备的配置后， 需要向 xDSL终端设备下发命令， 并要求 xDSL终端设备将该配置数据作为终 端设备下次启动时的配置数据保存在内部的非易失性存储器中。
以上所述仅为本发明方案的较佳实施例， 并不用以限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种数字用户环路终端设备管理系统， 包括一个终端设备管理单 元、 分别带有管理实体的局端数字用户环路接入复接器 DSLAM设备和 数字用户环路 xDSL终端设备， 终端设备管理单元及管理实体分别带有 用于实现管理功能的管理信息库 MIB,
其特征在于， 所述终端设备管理单元与局端 DSLAM设备的管理实 体之间、 以及局端 DSLAM设备的管理实体与用户端 xDSL终端设备的 管理实体之间通过管理接口连接；
所述终端设备管理单元采用通信协议， 并通过局端 DSLAM设备与 xDSL终端设备之间进行数据传输；
所述局端 DSLAM设备对收到的数据进行转换与透传。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述终端设备管理单 元中进一步包括文件服务器， xDSL终端设备中进一步包括文件升级实 体； 所述文件服务器和文件升级实体通过文件传输接口连接， 并通过该 接口对 xDSL终端设备进行文件下载或升级， 所述文件服务器与文件升 级实体之间的文件传输通道为采用标准的文件传输协议的传输通道。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述终端设备管理单 元中运行简单网络管理协议 SNMP, 局端 DSLAM设备中运行简单网络 管理协议代理服务进程 SNMP Proxy, xDSL终端设备中运行简单网络协 议代理进程 SNMP Agent; 所述终端设备管理单元与 xDSL终端设备之 间采用 SNMP协议传输 SNMP管理报文。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述终端设备管理单
EOC, 所采用的链路层控制协议为高级数据链路控制规程 HDLCo
5、根据权利要求 4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述的 EOC与 HDLC 之间的接口为 ITU-T G.997.1标准中的接口。
6、根据权利要求 4所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述终端设备管理单 元发送给 DSL终端设备的 SNMP报文为配置和命令信息； 所述 xDSL 终端设备保存终端管理设备单元下发的配置和命令信息 , 并将该信息作 为下次启动时的配置数据。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述局端 DSLAM设 备带有一个用于管理 DSLAM设备的网管系统 NMS,所述终端设备管理 单元集成在所述 NMS中， 或作为一个单独的系统存在。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述终端设备管理单 元与 xDSL终端设备之间传输数据为： 通过 xDSL终端设备的标识信息 进行数据传输； 所述 xDSL终端设备的标识信息为 DSLAM设备上与该 xDSL终端设备连接的数字用户线端口的物理位置信息。
9、根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述数字用户环路为 不对称数字用户环路 ADSL、 甚高比特率数字用户环路 VDSL或单线对 高速数字用户环路 SHDSL。
PCT/CN2004/000353 2003-04-14 2004-04-14 Systeme de gestion de dispositifs terminaux de ligne d'abonne numerique WO2004091144A1 (fr)

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