WO2004085853A1 - Piston-type accumulator - Google Patents

Piston-type accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004085853A1
WO2004085853A1 PCT/EP2004/000472 EP2004000472W WO2004085853A1 WO 2004085853 A1 WO2004085853 A1 WO 2004085853A1 EP 2004000472 W EP2004000472 W EP 2004000472W WO 2004085853 A1 WO2004085853 A1 WO 2004085853A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder tube
wall
forming
area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/000472
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norbert Weber
Herbert Baltes
Original Assignee
Hydac Technology Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydac Technology Gmbh filed Critical Hydac Technology Gmbh
Priority to DE502004005559T priority Critical patent/DE502004005559D1/en
Priority to US10/544,110 priority patent/US7395838B2/en
Priority to EP04704201A priority patent/EP1606517B1/en
Publication of WO2004085853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004085853A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/24—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F15B2201/312—Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston accumulator with a accumulator housing in the form of a cylinder tube, in which a separating piston, which separates two working spaces from one another, can be moved in the axial direction within a piston stroke region of the cylinder tube, which is closed at both axial ends by a closure part, at least one of which is closed by Deforming a forming area of the wall of the cylinder tube adjoining the piston stroke area is formed as a one-piece part therewith.
  • piston accumulators belong to the so-called hydraulic accumulators, which serve, among other things, to absorb certain volumes of pressurized liquid (hydraulic medium) from a hydraulic system and to return them to the system if necessary. Since the hydraulic medium is under pressure, the hydraulic accumulators are treated like pressure vessels and must be designed for the maximum operating pressure, taking into account the acceptance standards of various installation countries.
  • hydropneumatic (gas-loaded) accumulators with a separating element are used, a piston serving as the separating element in the piston accumulators, which separates a liquid space as the working space from the gas storage space as a further working space within the accumulator housing of the piston accumulator. Nitrogen and the gas-tight piston are regularly used as the working gas largely allows decoupling from the gas storage space to the liquid space.
  • the liquid part is connected to the hydraulic circuit so that the piston accumulator absorbs liquid when the pressure rises and the gas is compressed. When the pressure drops, the compressed gas expands and displaces the stored hydraulic fluid back into the hydraulic circuit.
  • piston accumulators One advantage of piston accumulators is that they can "work" in any position, but a vertical arrangement with the gas side upwards is preferred so that dirt particles from the liquid are prevented from settling on the piston seals.
  • the essential components of a piston accumulator are therefore an outer cylinder tube as the accumulator housing, the piston as a separating element with its sealing system and the front closure parts which act as
  • Cover parts also include a liquid and gas connection at the same time.
  • the accumulator housing regularly has two functions, namely firstly to store the internal pressure and secondly to ensure the guidance of the piston within the accumulator housing.
  • WO 98/55258 shows a corresponding example of the manufacture of a hydraulic accumulator in the form of a membrane accumulator.
  • the deformation forming the closure part takes place depending on the type of material of the cylinder tube by cold or hot forming, for example after flame or induction heating by means of olling or pressing, the end of the cylinder tube being formed into a bottom with an outwardly turned collar on which a connection for the working medium in question is formed.
  • the object of the invention is to create a piston accumulator, the construction of which opens up the possibility of simple and rational manufacture of the accumulator housing by deforming the cylinder tube at the end without causing problems with the operating behavior of a piston accumulator manufactured in this way ,
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that a stop body limiting the movement of the separating piston before reaching the forming area is provided in the interior of the cylinder tube at the point of transition from the piston stroke area to the forming area.
  • the limitation or blocking of the piston movement to a piston end position, in which the piston is still outside the forming area, according to the invention effectively prevents the risk of malfunctions. If there were no defined piston end position in the case of piston accumulators with a deformable area provided on the end of the cylinder tube, the separating piston in the operating states under certain operating conditions, for example gas loss in the gas storage space or high fluid pressures If the forming area could enter, there would be a risk of the piston tilting or jamming due to the geometry of the piston guide possibly changing during the deformation of the wall of the cylinder tube and due to the roughness inside the housing end caused by the deformation.
  • the stop body arranged in the interior of the cylinder tube according to the invention in such a position that the end position of the piston is fixed to the end of the piston stroke area and thus before entering the forming area ensures that the perfect, formed by the inner wall of the cylinder tube in the piston stroke area and gas-tight guidance of the piston is maintained under all operating conditions.
  • the stop body is preferably positively secured against axial movement by holding surfaces located on the inside of the wall of the cylinder tube, so that a safe stroke limitation of the piston is ensured even when the stop body hits hard.
  • a first holding surface located at the end of the piston stroke area can be formed by a shoulder forming a recess in the inner wall of the cylinder tube.
  • the stop body can be inserted into the cylinder tube from the adjacent open end and deformed against the shoulder before the wall of the cylinder tube is deformed.
  • the stop body is now in a defined position for the deformation step forming the closure part of the cylinder tube.
  • a second holding surface, which positively fixes the stop body and is located within the forming region, can now be formed by the deformation of the wall of the cylinder tube forming the closure part, by the wall of the cylinder tube during the deformation is deformed around the wall area of the stop body located in the forming area.
  • This “shaping” of the stop body is particularly advantageous if the stop body has the shape of a flat plate which has a convex, convex curvature on the circumference, around which the wall of the cylinder tube is deformed when the closure part is formed, around which to form a second holding surface located in the forming area.
  • stop body in the form of a plate, that is, a stei fen component, which is located in the cylinder tube at the transition point to the forming area
  • the stop body acts as a support body during the deformation process, so that in the formation of the closure part the piston stroke region lying in front of the peripheral region is supported and is thus protected against a change in its geometry possibly caused by the deformation process.
  • annular body of round cross-section can be provided, for example a steel ring, which is blown into a seat forming the form-fitting holding surfaces and which is worked into the inner wall of the cylinder tube.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematically simplified and broken longitudinal section of an embodiment of the piston accumulator according to the invention, of which only the gas-side end region of the accumulator is shown and with piston sealing and guiding means omitted
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section similar to FIG. 1 of a second exemplary embodiment.
  • the accumulator housing has a circular cylinder tube 1 which defines a longitudinal axis 3.
  • the cylinder tube 1 has a gas supply space 5 delimiting closure part 7, which is formed as an integral part of the cylinder tube 1 by deforming the wall of the cylinder tube 1 in a forming region 9.
  • the deformation forming the closure part 7 is carried out in accordance with a shaping method known in the prior art, cold or warm shaping being carried out by means of rolling or pressing tools or the like, depending on the properties of the metallic material forming the cylinder tube 1 to form the closure part 7 in the form of a closed bottom, on which a neck part 1 1 projecting coaxially to the axis 3 is formed, on which a gas channel 13 leading into the gas storage space 5 and a connection for a corresponding (not shown) connection fitting are formed.
  • a separating piston 15, which forms the separating element between the gas storage chamber 5 and a fluid chamber 6, has an inner trough-like recess 17, which is concentric with the longitudinal axis 3, for increasing the volume of the gas storage chamber 5 and is longitudinal within a piston stroke region 19 of the cylinder tube 1 movably guided.
  • the inside of the wall of the cylinder tube is finely machined in the piston stroke area 19 in order to provide a gas-tight and low-friction piston guide within the piston seal and piston guide means provided on the circumference of the piston 15 To ensure piston stroke range 19.
  • the sealing and guiding means provided on the circumference of the piston 15 are not shown in the drawing. These means, which are seated in circumferential annular grooves 21 of the piston 15, can be of conventional design.
  • the plate 25 has a convex, spherically curved peripheral surface 27.
  • the wall of the cylinder tube 1 When the wall of the cylinder tube 1 is deformed, in which the forming region 9 adjoining the piston stroke region 19 is formed, the wall of the cylinder tube 1 becomes around the spherical peripheral surface 27 of the plate 25 molded around, so that the deformed cylinder wall on the spherical peripheral surface 27 forms a second holding surface for fixing the position of the plate 25, so that it is positively fixed against axial movement in both directions.
  • the plate 25 is inserted during the manufacturing process of the piston accumulator from the initially open end of the cylinder tube and is placed against the shoulder 23 and is thus positioned in a manner suitable for the deformation step.
  • the recess forming the shoulder 23 in the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1 can be designed such that the bottom of the recess together with the spherical peripheral surface 27 of the plate 25 forms an interference fit which Holds plate 25 in position during the deformation of the peripheral region 9.
  • An opening 29 formed centrally in the plate is provided as a gas passage.
  • the plate 25 which is designed as a relatively rigid component, for example made of a steel material, not only forms a stop body for the piston 15, which blocks its piston movement before it leaves the piston stroke area 19, but also forms a rigid support body, which supports the cylinder tube 1 at the transition from the piston stroke area 19 to the forming area 9 during the deformation process so that the deformation forces acting on the forming area 9 cannot cause any changes in the geometry of the cylinder tube 1 in the piston stroke area 19.
  • the piston 15 is thus guided perfectly in all the operating states of the piston accumulator in the finely machined piston stroke area 19, the plate 25 acting as a stop body ensuring that the piston 15 cannot enter the forming area 9 in which the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1, in contrast to the piston stroke region 19 reaching up to shoulder 23, need not have any fine machining of the inside.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the example from FIG. 1 only in that the stop body delimiting the piston movement at the end of the piston stroke region 19 of the cylinder tube 1 is not a plate but a steel ring 31.
  • the shoulder 23 on the inside of the cylinder tube 1 at the end of the piston stroke region 19 forms a curved partial surface of a curved inner annular groove 33, which forms the seat for the steel ring 31.
  • the curved surface of this annular groove 33 which extends around a sufficient circumferential area of the steel ring 31, forms the retaining surfaces which form-lockingly secure the ring 31 against axial movement in both directions.
  • annular groove 33 is only formed in the area axially distant from the shoulder 23 by the deformation forming the forming area 9, so that the steel ring 31 can be inserted from the open end of the cylinder tube 1 before the deformation, a closed ring 31 can be used become.
  • a slotted steel ring 31 can be blasted into an already fully formed annular groove 33.
  • a plate 25 is shown with only one opening 29 as a gas passage. It goes without saying that a plate with several openings, for example also in the form of a sieve plate, could be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a piston-type accumulator comprising an accumulator housing provided in the form of a cylinder tube (1), inside of which a separating piston (15), which separates two working spaces (5) and (6) from one another, can be displaced in an axial direction within a piston stroke area (19) of the cylinder tube (1), which is closed at both axial ends by a closure part (7) of which at least one, by deforming a deforming area (9) of the wall of the cylinder tube (1), said deforming area adjoining the piston stroke area (19), is provided in the form of part that exists as a single piece therewith. A stop body (25), which limits the movement of the separating piston (15) before reaching the deforming area (9), is provided inside the cylinder tube (1) at the location where the piston stroke area (19) transitions into the deforming area (9).

Description

Kolbenspeicher piston accumulators
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolbenspeicher mit einem Speichergehäuse in Form eines Zylinderrohres, in dem ein Trennkolben, der zwei Arbeitsräume voneinander trennt, in Axialrichtung innerhalb eines Kolbenhubbereiches des Zylinderrohres verfahrbar ist, das an beiden axialen Enden durch einen Verschlußteil abgeschlossen ist, von denen zumindest einer durch Verfor- men eines sich an den Kolbenhubbereich anschließenden Umformbereiches der Wand des Zylinderrohres als damit einstückiger Teil ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a piston accumulator with a accumulator housing in the form of a cylinder tube, in which a separating piston, which separates two working spaces from one another, can be moved in the axial direction within a piston stroke region of the cylinder tube, which is closed at both axial ends by a closure part, at least one of which is closed by Deforming a forming area of the wall of the cylinder tube adjoining the piston stroke area is formed as a one-piece part therewith.
Kolbenspeicher gehören im weitesten Sinne zu den sog. Hydrospeichern, die unter anderem dazu dienen, bestimmte Volumina unter Druck stehender Flüssigkeit (Hydraulikmedium) einer Hydroanlage aufzunehmen und diese bei Bedarf an die Anlage zurückzugeben. Da sich das Hydraulikmedium unter Druck befindet, werden die Hydrospeicher wie Druckbehälter behandelt und müssen für den maximalen Betriebsüberdruck unter Berücksichtigung der Abnahmestandards von diversen Aufstellungsländern ausgelegt sein. In den meisten Hydroanlagen werden heutzutage hydropneumati- sche (gasbeaufschlagte) Speicher mit Trennelement eingesetzt, wobei bei den Kolbenspeichem als Trennelement ein Kolben dient, der innerhalb des Speichergehäuses des Kolbenspeichers einen Flüssigkeitsraum als Arbeitsraum von einem Gasvorratsraum als weiteren Arbeitsraum trennt. Als Arbeitsgas kommt regelmäßig Stickstoff zum Einsatz und der gasdichte Kolben erlaubt weitgehend eine Entkopplung von Gasvorratsraum zu Flüssigkeitsraum.In the broadest sense, piston accumulators belong to the so-called hydraulic accumulators, which serve, among other things, to absorb certain volumes of pressurized liquid (hydraulic medium) from a hydraulic system and to return them to the system if necessary. Since the hydraulic medium is under pressure, the hydraulic accumulators are treated like pressure vessels and must be designed for the maximum operating pressure, taking into account the acceptance standards of various installation countries. In most hydraulic systems today, hydropneumatic (gas-loaded) accumulators with a separating element are used, a piston serving as the separating element in the piston accumulators, which separates a liquid space as the working space from the gas storage space as a further working space within the accumulator housing of the piston accumulator. Nitrogen and the gas-tight piston are regularly used as the working gas largely allows decoupling from the gas storage space to the liquid space.
Der Flüssigkeitsteil steht mit dem Hydrokreislauf in Verbindung, so dass der Kolbenspeicher beim Anstieg des Druckes Flüssigkeit aufnimmt und das Gas dabei komprimiert wird. Bei sinkendem Druck dehnt sich das verdichtete Gas aus und verdrängt dabei die gespeicherte Druckflüssigkeit zurück in den Hydrokreislauf. Ein Vorteil von Kolbenspeichern ist, dass sie in jeder Lage „arbeiten" können, wobei jedoch eine senkrechte Anordnung mit der Gasseite nach oben vorzuziehen ist, damit ein Absetzen von Schmutzpartikeln aus der Flüssigkeit auf den Kolbendichtungen vermieden wird.The liquid part is connected to the hydraulic circuit so that the piston accumulator absorbs liquid when the pressure rises and the gas is compressed. When the pressure drops, the compressed gas expands and displaces the stored hydraulic fluid back into the hydraulic circuit. One advantage of piston accumulators is that they can "work" in any position, but a vertical arrangement with the gas side upwards is preferred so that dirt particles from the liquid are prevented from settling on the piston seals.
Die wesentlichen Bestandteile eines Kolbenspeichers sind mithin als Speichergehäuse ein äußeres Zylinderrohr, der Kolben als Trennelement mit seinem Dichtungssystem sowie die stirnseitigen Verschlußteile, die alsThe essential components of a piston accumulator are therefore an outer cylinder tube as the accumulator housing, the piston as a separating element with its sealing system and the front closure parts which act as
Deckelteile gleichzeitig auch einen Flüssigkeits- und Gasanschluß beinhalten. Dem Speichergehäuse kommen regelmäßig zwei Funktionen zu, nämlich einmal den inneren Druck zu bevorraten und zum anderen die Führung des Kolbens innerhalb des Speichergehäuses zu gewährleisten.Cover parts also include a liquid and gas connection at the same time. The accumulator housing regularly has two functions, namely firstly to store the internal pressure and secondly to ensure the guidance of the piston within the accumulator housing.
Im Bestreben, die Herstellung von Hydrospeichern rationell und kostengünstig zu gestalten, ist man bereits dazu übergegangen, zumindest an einem stirnseitigen Ende des Zylinderrohres keinen daran befestigten, separaten Deckelteil als Verschlußteil vorzusehen, sondern den Verschlußteil einstük- kig mit dem stirnseitigen Ende des Zylinderrohres auszubilden, indem dessen Wand in einem Umformbereich verformt wird. Die WO 98/55258 zeigt ein entsprechendes Beispiel der Herstellung eines Hydrospeichers in Form eines Membranspeichers. In an sich bekannter Weise erfolgt das den Verschlußteil bildende Verformen je nach Werkstoffart des Zylinderrohres durch Kalt- oder Warmumformung, beispielsweise nach erfolgter Flammoder Induktionserhitzung mittels ollieren oder Drücken, wobei das Zylinderrohrende zu einem Boden mit einem nach außen umgestülpten Kragen umgeformt wird, an dem ein Anschluß für das betreffende Arbeitsmedium gebildet wird. Zwar vereinfacht sich hierdurch der zur Herstellung eines Membranspeichers erforderliche Herstellungsaufwand, jedoch ergeben sich Probleme, wenn derartige Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kolbenspeichern benutzt werden sollen.In an effort to make the manufacture of hydraulic accumulators efficient and cost-effective, there has already been a move, at least at one end of the cylinder tube, not to provide a separate cover part attached to it as a closure part, but rather to form the closure part in one piece with the end end of the cylinder tube, by deforming its wall in a forming area. WO 98/55258 shows a corresponding example of the manufacture of a hydraulic accumulator in the form of a membrane accumulator. In a manner known per se, the deformation forming the closure part takes place depending on the type of material of the cylinder tube by cold or hot forming, for example after flame or induction heating by means of olling or pressing, the end of the cylinder tube being formed into a bottom with an outwardly turned collar on which a connection for the working medium in question is formed. Although this simplifies the manufacturing outlay required to produce a diaphragm accumulator, problems arise, however, if such methods are to be used for the production of piston accumulators.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, einen Kolbenspeicher zu schaffen, dessen Bauweise die Möglichkeit der einfachen und rationellen Herstellung des Speichergehäuses durch end- seitiges Verformen des Zylinderrohres eröffnet, ohne dass sich Probleme hinsichtlich des Betriebsverhaltens eines so gefertigten Kolbenspeichers ergeben.Starting from this prior art, the object of the invention is to create a piston accumulator, the construction of which opens up the possibility of simple and rational manufacture of the accumulator housing by deforming the cylinder tube at the end without causing problems with the operating behavior of a piston accumulator manufactured in this way ,
Bei einem Kolbenspeicher der eingangs genannten Art ist diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass im Inneren des Zylinderrohres an der Stelle des Übergangs vom Kolbenhubbereich zum Umformbereich ein die Bewegung des Trennkolbens vor Erreichen des Umformbereiches begrenzender Anschlagkörper vorgesehen ist.In the case of a piston accumulator of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that a stop body limiting the movement of the separating piston before reaching the forming area is provided in the interior of the cylinder tube at the point of transition from the piston stroke area to the forming area.
Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Begrenzung oder Blockierung der Kolbenbewegung auf eine Kolbenendlage, in der sich der Kolben noch au- ßerhalb des Umformbereiches befindet, ist die Gefahr von Betriebsstörungen wirksam vermieden. Wäre bei Kolbenspeichern mit am Zylinderrohr endseitig vorgesehenem Umformbereich keine definierte Kolbenendlage vorgegeben, so dass der Trennkolben bei gewissen Betriebszuständen, beispielsweise Gasverlust im Gasvorratsraum oder hohen Fluiddrücken, in den Umformbereich einlaufen könnte, dann bestünde die Gefahr eines Verkan- tens oder Verklemmens des Kolbens aufgrund der bei der Verformung der Wand des Zylinderrohres möglicherweise veränderten Geometrie der Kolbenführung sowie aufgrund von durch die Umformung bedingten Rauhig- keiten im Inneren des Gehäuseendes. Durch den erfindungsgemäß im Inneren des Zylinderrohres in solcher Position angeordneten Anschlagkörper, dass die Endlage des Kolbens auf das Ende des Kolbenhubbereiches und damit vor Eintritt in den Umformbereich festgelegt ist, ist sichergestellt, dass die durch die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres im Kolbenhubbereich gebilde- te, einwandfreie und gasdichte Führung des Kolbens unter allen Betriebsbedingungen aufrecht erhalten bleibt.The limitation or blocking of the piston movement to a piston end position, in which the piston is still outside the forming area, according to the invention effectively prevents the risk of malfunctions. If there were no defined piston end position in the case of piston accumulators with a deformable area provided on the end of the cylinder tube, the separating piston in the operating states under certain operating conditions, for example gas loss in the gas storage space or high fluid pressures If the forming area could enter, there would be a risk of the piston tilting or jamming due to the geometry of the piston guide possibly changing during the deformation of the wall of the cylinder tube and due to the roughness inside the housing end caused by the deformation. The stop body arranged in the interior of the cylinder tube according to the invention in such a position that the end position of the piston is fixed to the end of the piston stroke area and thus before entering the forming area ensures that the perfect, formed by the inner wall of the cylinder tube in the piston stroke area and gas-tight guidance of the piston is maintained under all operating conditions.
Vorzugsweise ist der Anschlagskörper durch an der Innenseite der Wand des Zylinderrohres befindliche Halteflächen gegen Axialbewegung form- schlüssig gesichert, so dass eine sichere Hubbegrenzung des Kolbens auch bei hartem Anlaufen an den Anschlagkörper gewährleistet ist.The stop body is preferably positively secured against axial movement by holding surfaces located on the inside of the wall of the cylinder tube, so that a safe stroke limitation of the piston is ensured even when the stop body hits hard.
Hierbei kann eine erste, am Ende des Kolbenhubbereiches gelegene Haltefläche durch einen eine Vertiefung in der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres bildenden Absatz gebildet sein. Bei der Herstellung des Kolbenspeichers kann der Anschlagkörper vor dem Verformen der Wand des Zylinderrohres vom benachbarten offenen Ende her in das Zylinderrohr eingeführt und an den Absatz angelegt werden. Für den den Verschlußteil des Zylinderrohres bildenden Verformungsschritt befindet sich der Anschlagkörper nun in defi- nierter Position. Eine zweite, den Anschlagkörper formschlüssig fixierende, innerhalb des Umformbereiches gelegene Haltefläche kann nun durch die den Verschlußteil bildende Verformung der Wand des Zylinderrohres ausgebildet werden, indem die Wand des Zylinderrohres bei der Verformung um den im Umformbereich liegenden Wandbereich des Anschlagkörpers herum verformt wird.In this case, a first holding surface located at the end of the piston stroke area can be formed by a shoulder forming a recess in the inner wall of the cylinder tube. In the manufacture of the piston accumulator, the stop body can be inserted into the cylinder tube from the adjacent open end and deformed against the shoulder before the wall of the cylinder tube is deformed. The stop body is now in a defined position for the deformation step forming the closure part of the cylinder tube. A second holding surface, which positively fixes the stop body and is located within the forming region, can now be formed by the deformation of the wall of the cylinder tube forming the closure part, by the wall of the cylinder tube during the deformation is deformed around the wall area of the stop body located in the forming area.
Dieses „Einformen" des Anschlagkörpers gestaltet sich besonders vorteil- haft, wenn der Anschlagkörper die Form einer ebenen Platte aufweist, die am Umfang eine ballige, konvexe Wölbung besitzt, um die herum die Wand des Zylinderrohres bei der Bildung des Verschlußteiles verformt wird, um die im Umformbereich liegende zweite Haltefläche auszubilden.This “shaping” of the stop body is particularly advantageous if the stop body has the shape of a flat plate which has a convex, convex curvature on the circumference, around which the wall of the cylinder tube is deformed when the closure part is formed, around which to form a second holding surface located in the forming area.
Bei Verwendung eines Anschlagkörpers in Form einer Platte, also eines stei fen Bauelements, das im Zylinderrohr an der Übergangsstelle zum Umformbereich gelegen ist, ergibt sich der zusätzliche Vorteil, dass der Anschlagkörper als Abstützkörper beim Vorgang der Verformung fungiert, so dass bei der Ausbildung des Verschlußteiles der vor dem Umfangsbereich liegende Kolbenhubbereich abgestützt ist und somit gegen eine durch den Verformungsvorgang möglicherweise verursachte Veränderung seiner Geometrie geschützt ist.When using a stop body in the form of a plate, that is, a stei fen component, which is located in the cylinder tube at the transition point to the forming area, there is the additional advantage that the stop body acts as a support body during the deformation process, so that in the formation of the closure part the piston stroke region lying in front of the peripheral region is supported and is thus protected against a change in its geometry possibly caused by the deformation process.
An Stelle der Verwendung eines plattenartigen Anschlagkörpers kann ein Ringkörper runden Querschnitts vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise ein Stahlring, der in einen die formschlüssigen Halteflächen bildenden Sitz eingesprengt ist, der in die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres eingearbeitet ist.Instead of using a plate-like stop body, an annular body of round cross-section can be provided, for example a steel ring, which is blown into a seat forming the form-fitting holding surfaces and which is worked into the inner wall of the cylinder tube.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
• Fig. 1 einen schematisch vereinfacht und abgebrochen gezeichneten Längsschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispieles des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenspeichers, von dem nur der gasseitige Endbereich des Speicherge- häuses gezeigt ist und wobei Kolbendichtungs- und Führungsmittel weggelassen sind, und • Fig. 2 einen der Fig. 1 ähnlichen Längsschnitt eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles.1 shows a schematically simplified and broken longitudinal section of an embodiment of the piston accumulator according to the invention, of which only the gas-side end region of the accumulator is shown and with piston sealing and guiding means omitted, and • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section similar to FIG. 1 of a second exemplary embodiment.
Bei den in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen erfindungsgemäßer Kolbenspeicher weist das Speichergehäuse ein kreisrundes Zylinderrohr 1 auf, das eine Längsachse 3 definiert. An seinem gasseitigen Endbereich weist das Zylinderrohr 1 ein einen Gasvorrats räum 5 begrenzenden Verschlußteil 7 auf, der als integraler Bestandteil des Zylinderrohres 1 durch Verformen der Wand des Zylinderrohres 1 in einem Umformbereich 9 gebildet ist. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die den Verschlußteil 7 bildende Verformung entsprechend einem im Stand der Technik bekannten Umformverfahren ausgeführt, wobei je nach Eigenschaften des das Zylinderrohr 1 bilden- den metallischen Werkstoffes eine Kalt- oder Warmumformung mittels Rol- lier- oder Drückwerkzeugen oder dergleichen ausgeführt wird, um den Verschlußteil 7 in Form eines geschlossenen Bodens auszubilden, an dem ein zur Achse 3 koaxial vorspringender Halsteil 1 1 ausgeformt ist, an dem ein in den Gasvorratsraum 5 führender Gaskanal 13 sowie ein Anschluß für eine entsprechende (nicht gezeigte) Anschlußarmatur ausgebildet sind.In the exemplary embodiments of piston accumulators according to the invention shown in the drawing, the accumulator housing has a circular cylinder tube 1 which defines a longitudinal axis 3. At its gas-side end region, the cylinder tube 1 has a gas supply space 5 delimiting closure part 7, which is formed as an integral part of the cylinder tube 1 by deforming the wall of the cylinder tube 1 in a forming region 9. As already mentioned, the deformation forming the closure part 7 is carried out in accordance with a shaping method known in the prior art, cold or warm shaping being carried out by means of rolling or pressing tools or the like, depending on the properties of the metallic material forming the cylinder tube 1 to form the closure part 7 in the form of a closed bottom, on which a neck part 1 1 projecting coaxially to the axis 3 is formed, on which a gas channel 13 leading into the gas storage space 5 and a connection for a corresponding (not shown) connection fitting are formed.
Ein Trennkolben 1 5, der das Trennelement zwischen Gasvorratsraum 5 und einem Fluidraum 6 bildet, weist eine zur Längsachse 3 konzentrische, innere trogartige Vertiefung 1 7 für die Vergrößerung des Volumens des Gasvor- ratsraumes 5 auf und ist innerhalb eines Kolbenhubbereiches 19 des Zylinderrohres 1 längs verfahrbar geführt. Die Innenseite der Wand des Zylinderrohres ist im Kolbenhubbereich 19 feinstbearbeitet, um zusammen mit am Umfang des Kolbens 1 5 vorgesehenen Kolbendichtungs- und Kolbenführungsmitteln eine gasdichte und reibungsarme Kolbenführung innerhalb des Kolbenhubbereiches 19 zu gewährleisten. Die am Umfang des Kolbens 1 5 vorgesehenen Dichtungs- und Führungsmittel sind in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt. Diese in umfänglichen Ringnuten 21 des Kolbens 1 5 sitzenden Mittel können von üblicher Bauart sein.A separating piston 15, which forms the separating element between the gas storage chamber 5 and a fluid chamber 6, has an inner trough-like recess 17, which is concentric with the longitudinal axis 3, for increasing the volume of the gas storage chamber 5 and is longitudinal within a piston stroke region 19 of the cylinder tube 1 movably guided. The inside of the wall of the cylinder tube is finely machined in the piston stroke area 19 in order to provide a gas-tight and low-friction piston guide within the piston seal and piston guide means provided on the circumference of the piston 15 To ensure piston stroke range 19. The sealing and guiding means provided on the circumference of the piston 15 are not shown in the drawing. These means, which are seated in circumferential annular grooves 21 of the piston 15, can be of conventional design.
Am Ende des Kolbenhubbereiches 19 befindet sich an der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 1 ein eine Vertiefung der Innenwand bildender Absatz 23. Dieser stellt eine ebene Anlagefläche für eine ebene Platte 25 zur Verfügung, für deren Lagefixierung sie eine Haltefläche bildet, die die Platte 25 gegen eine Axialbewegung in Richtung auf den Kolbenhubbereich 19 formschlüssig sichert. Die Platte 25 besitzt eine konvex, ballig gewölbte Um- fangsfläche 27. Bei der Verformung der Wand des Zylinderrohres 1 , bei der der an den Kolbenhubbereich 19 anschließende Umformbereich 9 gebildet wird, wird die Wand des Zylinderrohres 1 um die ballige Umfangsfläche 27 der Platte 25 herum geformt, so dass die verformte Zylinderwand an der balligen Umfangsfläche 27 eine zweite Haltefläche für die Lagefixierung der Platte 25 bildet, so dass diese gegen Axialbewegung in beiden Richtungen formschlüssig festgelegt ist.At the end of the piston stroke region 19, on the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1, there is a shoulder 23 which forms a recess in the inner wall. This provides a flat contact surface for a flat plate 25, for the fixing of which it forms a holding surface which prevents the plate 25 from moving axially Secures positively in the direction of the piston stroke area 19. The plate 25 has a convex, spherically curved peripheral surface 27. When the wall of the cylinder tube 1 is deformed, in which the forming region 9 adjoining the piston stroke region 19 is formed, the wall of the cylinder tube 1 becomes around the spherical peripheral surface 27 of the plate 25 molded around, so that the deformed cylinder wall on the spherical peripheral surface 27 forms a second holding surface for fixing the position of the plate 25, so that it is positively fixed against axial movement in both directions.
Die Platte 25 wird beim Herstellungsvorgang des Kolbenspeichers vom zunächst offenen Ende des Zylinderrohres her eingeführt und an den Absatz 23 angelegt und ist somit in der für den Verformungsschritt geeigneten Weise positioniert. Als zusätzliche Lagesicherung vor Durchführen der den Umformbereich 9 bildenden Verformung kann die den Absatz 23 bildende Ver- tiefung in der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 1 so ausgebildet sein, dass der Boden der Vertiefung zusammen mit der balligen Umfangfläche 27 der Platte 25 eine Presspassung bildet, die die Platte 25 während der Verformung des Umfangbereiches 9 in Position hält. Ein in der Platte zentral ausgebildeter Durchbruch 29 ist als Gasdurchlaß vorgesehen. Die als verhältnismäßig steifes Bauelement ausgebildete Platte 25, beispielsweise aus einem Stahl Werkstoff, bildet nicht nur einen Anschlagkörper für den Kolben 15, der dessen Kolbenbewegung vor Verlassen des Kolbenhubbereiches 19 blockiert, sondern bildet zusätzlich einen steifen Abstützkörper, der das Zylinderrohr 1 am Übergang vom Kolbenhubbereich 19 zum Umformbereich 9 während des Vorgangs der Verformung so abstützt, dass die am Umformbereich 9 wirkenden Verformungskräfte keine Veränderungen der Geometrie des Zylinderrohres 1 im Kolbenhubbereich 19 hervorrufen können. Der Kolben 1 5 ist somit bei allen Betriebszustän- den des Kolbenspeichers im feinstbearbeiteten Kolbenhubbereich 19 einwandfrei geführt, wobei durch die als Anschlagkörper wirkende Platte 25 sichergestellt ist, dass kein Einlaufen des Kolbens 15 in den Umformbereich 9 stattfinden kann, in dem die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 1, im Unter- schied zu dem bis zum Absatz 23 reichenden Kolbenhubbereich 19, keine Feinstbearbeitung der Innenseite aufzuweisen braucht.The plate 25 is inserted during the manufacturing process of the piston accumulator from the initially open end of the cylinder tube and is placed against the shoulder 23 and is thus positioned in a manner suitable for the deformation step. As an additional securing of the position before the deformation forming the forming region 9 is carried out, the recess forming the shoulder 23 in the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1 can be designed such that the bottom of the recess together with the spherical peripheral surface 27 of the plate 25 forms an interference fit which Holds plate 25 in position during the deformation of the peripheral region 9. An opening 29 formed centrally in the plate is provided as a gas passage. The plate 25, which is designed as a relatively rigid component, for example made of a steel material, not only forms a stop body for the piston 15, which blocks its piston movement before it leaves the piston stroke area 19, but also forms a rigid support body, which supports the cylinder tube 1 at the transition from the piston stroke area 19 to the forming area 9 during the deformation process so that the deformation forces acting on the forming area 9 cannot cause any changes in the geometry of the cylinder tube 1 in the piston stroke area 19. The piston 15 is thus guided perfectly in all the operating states of the piston accumulator in the finely machined piston stroke area 19, the plate 25 acting as a stop body ensuring that the piston 15 cannot enter the forming area 9 in which the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1, in contrast to the piston stroke region 19 reaching up to shoulder 23, need not have any fine machining of the inside.
Das in Fig. 2 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich gegenüber dem Beispiel von Fig. 1 lediglich insofern, als der die Kolbenbewegung am Ende des Kolbenhubbereiches 19 des Zylinderrohres 1 begrenzende Anschlagkörper keine Platte, sondern ein Stahlring 31 ist. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel bildet der Absatz 23 an der Innenseite des Zylinderrohres 1 am Ende des Kolbenhubbereiches 19 eine gewölbte Teilfläche einer gewölbten inneren Ringnut 33, die den Sitz für den Stahlring 31 bildet. Die gewölbte Fläche dieser Ringnut 33, die sich um einen ausreichenden Um- fangsbereich des Stahlringes 31 erstreckt, bildet die den Ring 31 gegen Axialbewegung in beiden Richtungen formschlüssig sichernden Halteflächen. Wenn die Ringnut 33 in dem vom Absatz 23 axial entfernten Bereich erst durch die den Umformbereich 9 bildende Verformung ausgeformt wird, so dass der Stahlring 31 vor der Verformung vom offenen Ende des Zylinderrohres 1 her eingelegt werden kann, kann ein geschlossener Ring 31 be- nutzt werden. Alternativ, d.h. wenn die Ringnut 33 nicht erst beim Verformungsvorgang fertig ausgebildet, d. h. so zusagen „geschlossen wird", kann ein geschlitzter Stahlring 31 in eine bereits vollständig ausgebildete Ringnut 33 eingesprengt sein.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the example from FIG. 1 only in that the stop body delimiting the piston movement at the end of the piston stroke region 19 of the cylinder tube 1 is not a plate but a steel ring 31. In this exemplary embodiment, the shoulder 23 on the inside of the cylinder tube 1 at the end of the piston stroke region 19 forms a curved partial surface of a curved inner annular groove 33, which forms the seat for the steel ring 31. The curved surface of this annular groove 33, which extends around a sufficient circumferential area of the steel ring 31, forms the retaining surfaces which form-lockingly secure the ring 31 against axial movement in both directions. If the annular groove 33 is only formed in the area axially distant from the shoulder 23 by the deformation forming the forming area 9, so that the steel ring 31 can be inserted from the open end of the cylinder tube 1 before the deformation, a closed ring 31 can be used become. Alternatively, ie if the annular groove 33 is not fully formed during the deformation process, that is to say “is closed”, a slotted steel ring 31 can be blasted into an already fully formed annular groove 33.
Bei dem Beispiel von Fig. 1 ist eine Platte 25 mit nur einem Durchbruch 29 als Gasdurchlaß gezeigt. Es versteht sich, dass eine Platte mit mehreren Durchbrüchen, beispielsweise auch in Form einer Siebplatte, vorgesehen sein könnte. In the example of Fig. 1, a plate 25 is shown with only one opening 29 as a gas passage. It goes without saying that a plate with several openings, for example also in the form of a sieve plate, could be provided.

Claims

A n s p r ü c h eExpectations
. Kolbenspeicher mit einem Speichergehäuse in Form eines Zylinderrohres (1), in dem ein Trennkolben (15), der zwei Arbeitsräume (5 und 6) voneinander trennt, in Axialrichtung innerhalb eines Kolbenhubbereiches (19) des Zylinderrohres (1 ) verfahrbar ist, das an beiden axialen Enden durch einen Verschlußteil (7) abgeschlossen ist, von denen zumindest einer durch Verformen eines sich an den Kolbenhubbereich (19) anschließenden Umformbereiches (9) der Wand des Zylinderrohres (1 ) als damit einstückiger Teil ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Inneren des Zylinderrohres (1 ) an der Stelle des Übergangs vom Kolbenhubbereich (19) zum Umformbereich (9) ein die Bewegung des Trennkolbens (15) vor Erreichen des Umformbereiches (9) begrenzender Anschlagkörper (25) vorgesehen ist., Piston accumulator with a accumulator housing in the form of a cylinder tube (1), in which a separating piston (15), which separates two working spaces (5 and 6) from one another, can be moved in the axial direction within a piston stroke range (19) of the cylinder tube (1), which is on both Axial ends is closed by a closure part (7), at least one of which is formed as a one-piece part by deforming a forming region (9) of the wall of the cylinder tube (1) adjoining the piston stroke region (19), characterized in that inside of the cylinder tube (1) at the point of transition from the piston stroke area (19) to the forming area (9) a stop body (25) is provided which limits the movement of the separating piston (15) before reaching the forming area (9).
2. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anschlagkörper (25) durch an der Innenseite der Wand des Zylinderrohres (1 ) befindliche Halteflächen gegen Axialbewegung formschlüssig gesichert ist.2. Piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop body (25) is positively secured against axial movement by holding surfaces located on the inside of the wall of the cylinder tube (1).
3. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine erste, am Ende des Kolbenhubbereiches (19) gelegene Haltefläche durch einen eine Vertiefung in der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres (1 ) bildenden Absatz (23) gebildet ist.3. Piston accumulator according to claim 2, characterized in that a first, at the end of the piston stroke region (19) located holding surface is formed by a recess (23) forming a recess in the inner wall of the cylinder tube (1).
4. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite, innerhalb des Umformbereiches (9) gelegene Haltefläche durch die den Verschlußteil (7) ausbildende Verformung der Wand des Zylinderrohres (1) gebildet ist. 4. Piston accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that a second, within the forming region (9) located holding surface is formed by the deformation of the closure part (7) forming the wall of the cylinder tube (1).
Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Anschlagkörper ein Abstützkörper in Form einer ebenen Platte (25) mit zumindest einem Durchbruch (29) als Durchlaß für im betreffenden Arbeitsraum (5) befindliches Arbeitsmedium vorgesehen ist und dass der die erste Haltefläche bildende Absatz (23) an der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres (1 ) eine ebene Stufenfläche zur Anlage am zugewandten ebenen Umfangsrand der Platte (25) ist. Piston accumulator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a support body in the form of a flat plate (25) with at least one opening (29) is provided as a stop for the working medium located in the relevant working space (5) and that the first holding surface is formed as the stop body Paragraph (23) on the inner wall of the cylinder tube (1) is a flat step surface for contact with the facing flat peripheral edge of the plate (25).
6. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Platte (25) am Umfang (27) eine ballige, konvexe Wölbung besitzt, um die herum die Wand des Zylinderrohres (1 ) bei der Bildung des Ver- schlußteiles(7) verformt wird, um die im Umformbereich (9) liegende zweite Haltefläche auszubilden.6. Piston accumulator according to claim 5, characterized in that the plate (25) on the circumference (27) has a spherical, convex curvature, around which the wall of the cylinder tube (1) is deformed when the closure part (7) is formed to form the second holding surface located in the forming area (9).
7. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Anschlagkörper ein Ringkörper (31 ) kreisrunden Querschnittes vorgesehen ist und dass der in die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres (1 ) einge- arbeitete, die erste Haltefläche bildende Absatz (23) eine gewölbte7. Piston accumulator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an annular body (31) of circular cross-section is provided as the stop body and that the shoulder (23) which forms the first holding surface and is worked into the inner wall of the cylinder tube (1) has a curved one
Teilfläche eines Sitzes (33) für den Ringkörper (31 ) bildet. Forms part of a seat (33) for the ring body (31).
PCT/EP2004/000472 2003-03-25 2004-01-22 Piston-type accumulator WO2004085853A1 (en)

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DE502004005559T DE502004005559D1 (en) 2003-03-25 2004-01-22 PISTON ACCUMULATOR
US10/544,110 US7395838B2 (en) 2003-03-25 2004-01-22 Piston-type accumulator
EP04704201A EP1606517B1 (en) 2003-03-25 2004-01-22 Piston-type accumulator

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DE10313241A DE10313241A1 (en) 2003-03-25 2003-03-25 piston accumulators
DE10313241.4 2003-03-25

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EP1606517B1 (en) 2007-11-21
US7395838B2 (en) 2008-07-08
DE502004005559D1 (en) 2008-01-03
US20060204389A1 (en) 2006-09-14
EP1606517A1 (en) 2005-12-21

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