EP2519746B1 - Hydraulic accumulator, especially pulsation damper - Google Patents

Hydraulic accumulator, especially pulsation damper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2519746B1
EP2519746B1 EP10784258.5A EP10784258A EP2519746B1 EP 2519746 B1 EP2519746 B1 EP 2519746B1 EP 10784258 A EP10784258 A EP 10784258A EP 2519746 B1 EP2519746 B1 EP 2519746B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bellows
annular
housing
hydraulic accumulator
sleeve part
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EP10784258.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2519746A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Baltes
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Hydac Technology GmbH
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Hydac Technology GmbH
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Publication of EP2519746A1 publication Critical patent/EP2519746A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/10—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means
    • F15B1/103—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means the separating means being bellows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3153—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being bellows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3158—Guides for the flexible separating means, e.g. for a collapsed bladder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic accumulator, in particular pulsation damper, with a metal bellows which has at least one bellows a movable end body during extension and contraction of the bellows along the wall of a housing, wherein between this and the housing, a guide means is provided, which at least one peripheral region of the end body forms on its outer circumference first annular surface parts which have a radial distance from the wall of the housing and are distributed by the outer circumference distributed over the first annular surfaces radially projecting second annular surface parts from each other, wherein the end body is axially extended by a circumferential sleeve member which is in Direction extends to the immovable bellows end, and wherein the end of the sleeve part rests with contracted bellows as a stopper body on a fixed part of the housing.
  • Such a hydraulic accumulator is proposed in the form of a pressure medium reservoir, with a housing in which an interior space is formed, which is subdivided by means of a media separation element into a gas space and a fluid space provided with a fluid connection.
  • the media separation element is a thin-walled, made of spring steel bellows, which is provided with a guide.
  • the guide is designed as a valve for blocking a first region of the fluid space surrounding the bellows relative to a second end face of the bellows formed subsequent area of the fluid space.
  • the guide may be formed as a ring comprising at least one preferably circumferentially disposed channel leading from a first end face of the ring to a second end face of the ring.
  • the ring is axially slidably guided with a tight play in the bore and has a pot-like insert at the bottom of which the end body of the bellows is attached.
  • the ring itself may be cup-shaped and have a bottom, which ensures a higher density.
  • DE 10 2007 034 315 A1 relates to a pressure accumulator for a closed hydraulic circuit of a motor vehicle steering system having a hydraulic pressure chamber communicating with the hydraulic circuit and having at least one displaceable pressure chamber wall, and a prestressed spring element which acts on the displaceable pressure chamber wall and thus defines a bias in the hydraulic circuit the pressure chamber is partially separated by a bellows.
  • a connected to the bellows, dimensionally stable bottom part may be cup-shaped and form its peripheral wall in the radial direction a support for the bellows.
  • the peripheral wall of the cup-shaped bottom part encloses the bellows and the spring element designed as a helical spring on the outside the peripheral wall of the bottom part.
  • Metal bellows are used in various technical fields as a variable-length component, for example, if a length compensation lines or couplings for fluid media is required. Metal bellows are also frequently used in hydraulic accumulators as a movable separating element between the gas side and the fluid side. In particular, in applications where the movements during expansion and contraction of the bellows take place relatively widely or if, as is the case with pulsation dampers or shock absorbers, reciprocating movements with relative high frequency and / or higher acceleration values, it is not only essential for the life of the bellows, that the respective end of the bellows, which moves in operation along a housing wall, is guided safely, but it must be ensured that when contracting of the bellows does not come to upsetting wrinkles.
  • the guide arrangement is formed in such a way that at the peripheral edge of the movable end body of the bellows, individual, distributed around the circumference of the end body guide body are mounted, which form sliding bodies, which are guided with an outer sliding surface on the housing wall.
  • the sliding surfaces of these bodies have a radial distance from the outer periphery of the end body, so that between the individual guide bodies fluid passages along the housing wall are formed.
  • These guide bodies are designed as guide shoes, which engage over the peripheral edge of the pot in the cup-shaped end body whose circular cylindrical side wall extends into the interior of the bellows.
  • guide bodies good leadership properties are achieved, ie the guide allows safe long-term operation with favorable friction conditions between the guide body and housing wall.
  • the individual guide body which are made in a separate manufacturing step, must be brought to the installation site and mounted on the end edge of the end body of the bellows concerned.
  • the guide body designed as a guide shoes with a cross-sectionally U-shaped profile, the legs of the Overlap end edge of the pot-like end body.
  • both at the end edge of the pot a catch and inside the profile of the guide shoes at least one undercut must be present to allow the securing of the guide body by clipping.
  • the formation of undercuts requires a complex production of the guide shoes by compression molding.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hydraulic accumulator available, in which while maintaining the good leadership properties of the aforementioned solution increased reliability is ensured by particularly gentle stress of the bellows.
  • a significant feature of the invention is that the bellows is fixed to the movable end body opposite bellows end to a housing-fixed retaining ring, which abuts the end of the sleeve part, and that the guide means comprises a ring body which with a ring part forming the first annular surface parts engages in a circumferential annular groove on the end body, which is arranged offset axially on the end body away from the stationary bellows end in the direction enlarging the distance to the retaining ring.
  • the sleeve-like extension of the end body not only forms an outer guide for the compressed bellows, but at the same time forms a positive and therefore safe stroke limitation when the bellows contracts.
  • the thus increased guide length ensures a particularly tipping safe leadership.
  • the arrangement may be such that the sleeve part extends over a distance which is the axial length of the contracted Balges exceeds.
  • the stroke limit is effective before the bellows is contracted so far that it could lead to an upsetting of wrinkles.
  • a further improvement of the guiding properties results when in the sleeve part a second annular groove is provided for the annular part of a further annular body in an axially offset position relative to the first annular groove and the end body is thereby guided completely non-tiltably.
  • the arrangement can be made such that the second annular surface parts are axially occupied by surfaces on the respective annular body, which are heelless continuations of the radial planes of the annular part to be received in the respective annular groove.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic accumulator in the form of a pulsation damper.
  • a designated as a whole with 1 memory housing has a housing main part 3 in the form of a circular cylindrical pot with lying in the drawing above end 5, which is closed except for a filling opening 7, which is aligned with the housing longitudinal axis 9 and in the representation of Fig. 1 is sealed fluid-tight by a welding core 11.
  • the lower end of the housing 1 is closed by a closing part 13 which is welded tightly along a welding line 16 with the housing main part 3.
  • Concentric with the axis 9 is located in the end part 13, a fluid inlet 15 with an outer connecting piece 17.
  • a threaded cap 20 In the representation of Fig. 1 is screwed onto the external thread of the connecting piece 17, a threaded cap 20.
  • a metal bellows unit forms a movable separating element between a gas side 21, which adjoins the housing end 5 and can be filled via the filling opening 7 with a working gas, preferably N 2 , with a gas pre-filling pressure.
  • a working gas preferably N 2
  • the bellows 19 is in its fully contracted state, with the volume of the gas side 21 having the largest value, while the fluid side 23 adjacent to the fluid inlet 15 has its smallest volume.
  • the bellows unit is welded to the housing end part 13 adjacent bellows 29, more precisely, at the radially outer edge of the last bellows fold, fluid-tight with a metallic retaining ring 25.
  • the retaining ring 25 in turn is welded to the storage housing at the separation point between the end part 13 and the main part 3 at the weld line 16.
  • the welding line 16 is thermally insulated at least partially via the retaining ring 25 from the bellows 29.
  • the welding region of the bellows 29 on the retaining ring 25 is indicated in the figure by 27, the point where the retaining ring 25 forms an axial bulge as a welding area.
  • the housing-fixed Balgende 29 opposite, movable bellows 31 is welded at the radially outer end edge of the last Balgfalte at 33 with a metallic end body 35 which forms a closure body which closes the interior of the bellows 19 fluid-tight and thus the separation between the gas side 21 and fluid side 23rd forms.
  • the sealing of the outside of the bellows 19 is effected by a sealing arrangement 37 in the form of an annular sealing element, which seals the retaining ring 25 relative to the housing end part 13.
  • the end body 35 has in the illustrated embodiment, the shape of a disc, apart from its peripheral edge 43, is flat.
  • the peripheral edge 43 of the end body 35 extends beyond the adjacent Balgende 31 away radially outward to the weld 33 of the bellows 31 and extends from there away from Balgende 31 radially and axially approximated to the housing wall.
  • a circumferential annular groove 45 the seat for a ring body 47, see FIGS. 2 and 3 , as part of a management device.
  • the annular body 47 is a flat ring made of a plastic good sliding properties, in particular of tetrafluoroethylene.
  • the annular body 47 has a seated in the annular groove 45 ring member 49 which forms on its outer periphery first annular surface parts 51 which are separated by second annular surface portions 53 from each other.
  • the second Ring surface parts 53 are opposite to the annular surface parts 51, see Fig. 2 , radially outwardly offset such that the second annular surface portions 53 on the housing wall abutting sliding surfaces on radially projecting from the inner ring member 49 guide bodies 55 form.
  • the radially outer annular surface portions 53 form sliding surfaces of the guide body 55, with which the movable end body 35 of the bellows 19 is guided on the housing wall.
  • the inner annular surface parts 51 offset radially relative to the outer annular surface parts 53 form fluid passages on the outside of the bellows 19, whereby the gas side 21 on the outside of the bellows 19 continues up to the retaining ring 25, the sealing being carried out with respect to the fluid side by the sealing arrangement 37, which is inserted between the retaining ring 25 and the housing end part 13.
  • the Fig. 4 shows in a separate representation, only the bellows unit with the bellows 27 connected to the retaining ring 25 bellows end 29.
  • a subsequent to the peripheral edge 43, along the outside of the bellows 19 axially extending, circular cylindrical sleeve body 63 is provided. This extends over an axial length which is greater than the axial extent of the fully contracted bellows 19, wherein the arrangement is such that the end of the sleeve portion 63, which projects beyond the bellows 29, in the in Fig. 1 and 4 fully contracted state of the bellows 19 at a stop shoulder 65 abuts the retaining ring 25 and thus forms a stroke limitation during contraction of the bellows 19.
  • a second annular groove 67 for a second annular body 47 is located in the sleeve part 63, so that the guide device has a second group of guide bodies 55, which is offset axially relative to the group sitting in the annular groove 45 in the direction of the housing-fixed bellows end 29. over half the length of the sleeve body 63 out in the direction of the bellows end 29.
  • This design of the guide device is characterized by a particularly tilt-proof guidance of the moving parts of the bellows unit.
  • the fluid side 23 via the inlet 15 with a pressurized fluid, in particular hydraulic fluid, a fuel or lubricant in fluid communication to smooth occurring pressure surges.
  • a pressurized fluid in particular hydraulic fluid
  • a fuel or lubricant in fluid communication to smooth occurring pressure surges.
  • the gas side 21 is not only filled with working gas, but also contains a predetermined volume fraction of a fluid.
  • a combination of nitrogen gas as the working gas and ethylene alcohol as the fluid on the gas side 21 of the storage has proved to be particularly advantageous.
  • the fluid between folds and deflections of the bellows 19 form a damping support medium, on which the folded wall parts of the bellows 19 can be supported on the fluid as an abutment, which leads to an increase in the life of the bellows and thus to an increase in reliability. This is especially true for rapid pulsations and rapid pressure surges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hydrospeicher, insbesondere Pulsationsdämpfer, mit einem Metallbalg, der an zumindest einem Balgende einen bei Ausziehen und Zusammenziehen des Balges entlang der Wand eines Gehäuses bewegbaren Endkörper aufweist, wobei zwischen diesem und dem Gehäuse ein Führungsmittel vorhanden ist, das an zumindest einem Umfangsbereich des Endkörpers an seinem Außenumfang erste Ringflächenteile bildet, die einen Radialabstand von der Wand des Gehäuses besitzen und durch am Außenumfang verteilte, über die ersten Ringflächenteile radial vorstehende zweite Ringflächenteile voneinander getrennt sind, wobei der Endkörper durch ein umfängliches Hülsenteil axial verlängert ist, das sich in Richtung auf das unbewegliche Balgende erstreckt, und wobei das Ende des Hülsenteils bei zusammengezogenem Balg als Anschlagkörper an einem gehäusefesten Teil anliegt.The invention relates to a hydraulic accumulator, in particular pulsation damper, with a metal bellows which has at least one bellows a movable end body during extension and contraction of the bellows along the wall of a housing, wherein between this and the housing, a guide means is provided, which at least one peripheral region of the end body forms on its outer circumference first annular surface parts which have a radial distance from the wall of the housing and are distributed by the outer circumference distributed over the first annular surfaces radially projecting second annular surface parts from each other, wherein the end body is axially extended by a circumferential sleeve member which is in Direction extends to the immovable bellows end, and wherein the end of the sleeve part rests with contracted bellows as a stopper body on a fixed part of the housing.

In DE 102 05 814 A1 wird ein derartiger Hydrospeicher in Form eines Druckmittelspeichers vorgeschlagen, mit einem Gehäuse, in dem ein Innenraum ausgebildet ist, der mittels eines Medientrennungselements in einen Gasraum und einen mit einem Fluidanschluß versehenen Fluidraum unterteilt ist. Das Medientrennungselement ist ein dünnwandiger, aus Federstahl gebildeter Faltenbalg, welcher mit einer Führung versehen ist. Die Führung ist als Ventil zum Sperren eines ersten, den Balg umgebenden Bereich des Fluidraums gegenüber einem zweiten, sich stirnseitig an den Balg anschließenden Bereich des Fluidraums ausgebildet. Die Führung kann als Ring ausgebildet sein, der mindestens einen vorzugsweise am Umfang angeordneten Kanal umfaßt, der von einer ersten Stirnseite des Rings zu einer zweiten Stirnseite des Rings führt. Der Ring ist mit einem engen Spiel in der Bohrung axial gleitend geführt und weist einen topfartigen Einsatz auf, an dessen Boden der Endkörper des Balgs befestigt ist. Der Ring selbst kann topfförmig ausgebildet sein und einen Boden aufweisen, was eine höhere Dichtigkeit gewährleistet.In DE 102 05 814 A1 Such a hydraulic accumulator is proposed in the form of a pressure medium reservoir, with a housing in which an interior space is formed, which is subdivided by means of a media separation element into a gas space and a fluid space provided with a fluid connection. The media separation element is a thin-walled, made of spring steel bellows, which is provided with a guide. The guide is designed as a valve for blocking a first region of the fluid space surrounding the bellows relative to a second end face of the bellows formed subsequent area of the fluid space. The guide may be formed as a ring comprising at least one preferably circumferentially disposed channel leading from a first end face of the ring to a second end face of the ring. The ring is axially slidably guided with a tight play in the bore and has a pot-like insert at the bottom of which the end body of the bellows is attached. The ring itself may be cup-shaped and have a bottom, which ensures a higher density.

Ein ähnlicher Hydrospeichen ist auch aus JP 2004 232784 A bekannt.A similar hydro spokes is also off JP 2004 232784 A known.

DE 10 2007 034 315 A1 betrifft einen Druckspeicher für einen geschlossenen Hydraulikkreis eines Kraftfahrzeug-Lenksystems mit einem hydraulischen Druckraum, der mit dem Hydraulikkreis in Verbindung steht und wenigstens eine verschiebliche Druckraumwand aufweist, sowie einem vorgespannten Federelement, das die verschiebliche Druckraumwand beaufschlagt und so eine Vorspannung in dem Hydraulikkreis festlegt, wobei der Druckraum abschnittsweise durch einen Balg getrennt ist. Ein mit dem Balg verbundenes, formstabiles Bodenteil kann topfförmig ausgebildet sein und dessen Umfangswand in radialer Richtung eine Abstützung für den Balg bilden. Die Umfangswand des topfförmigen Bodenteils umschließt den Balg und das als Schraubenfeder ausgebildete Federelement außenseitig die Umfangswand des Bodenteils. DE 10 2007 034 315 A1 relates to a pressure accumulator for a closed hydraulic circuit of a motor vehicle steering system having a hydraulic pressure chamber communicating with the hydraulic circuit and having at least one displaceable pressure chamber wall, and a prestressed spring element which acts on the displaceable pressure chamber wall and thus defines a bias in the hydraulic circuit the pressure chamber is partially separated by a bellows. A connected to the bellows, dimensionally stable bottom part may be cup-shaped and form its peripheral wall in the radial direction a support for the bellows. The peripheral wall of the cup-shaped bottom part encloses the bellows and the spring element designed as a helical spring on the outside the peripheral wall of the bottom part.

Metallbälge kommen auf verschiedenen technischen Gebieten als längenvariables Bauelement zum Einsatz, beispielsweise wenn ein Längenausgleich bei Leitungen oder Kupplungsverbindungen für strömungsfähige Medien erforderlich ist. Besonders häufig werden Metallbälge auch bei Hydrospeichern als bewegliches Trennelement zwischen Gasseite und Fluidseite eingesetzt. Insbesondere bei Anwendungen, bei denen die Bewegungen beim Ausziehen und Zusammenziehen des Balges verhältnismäßig weitläufig stattfinden oder wenn, wie dies bei Pulsationsdämpfern oder Schockabsorbern der Fall ist, hin- und hergehende Bewegungen mit verhältnismäßig hoher Frequenz und/oder höheren Beschleunigungswerten erfolgen, ist es für die Lebensdauer des Balges nicht nur wesentlich, dass das jeweilige Ende des Balges, das sich im Betrieb entlang einer Gehäusewand bewegt, sicher geführt ist, sondern es muss sichergestellt sein, dass es beim Zusammenziehen des Balges nicht zum Stauchen von Falten kommt.Metal bellows are used in various technical fields as a variable-length component, for example, if a length compensation lines or couplings for fluid media is required. Metal bellows are also frequently used in hydraulic accumulators as a movable separating element between the gas side and the fluid side. In particular, in applications where the movements during expansion and contraction of the bellows take place relatively widely or if, as is the case with pulsation dampers or shock absorbers, reciprocating movements with relative high frequency and / or higher acceleration values, it is not only essential for the life of the bellows, that the respective end of the bellows, which moves in operation along a housing wall, is guided safely, but it must be ensured that when contracting of the bellows does not come to upsetting wrinkles.

Diesbezüglich ist es Stand der Technik, am beweglichen Ende des betreffenden Balges ein Führungsmittel vorzusehen. Bei einer einen nachveröffentlichten Stand der Technik darstellenden Lösung, die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 10 2007 036 487.5 offenbart ist, ist die Führungsanordnung in der Weise ausgebildet, dass am Umfangsrand des beweglichen Endkörpers des Balges einzelne, um den Umfang des Endkörpers verteilte Führungskörper angebracht sind, die Gleitkörper bilden, die mit einer äußeren Gleitfläche an der Gehäusewand anliegend geführt sind. Die Gleitflächen dieser Körper besitzen einen radialen Abstand vom Außenumfang des Endkörpers, so dass zwischen den einzelnen Führungskörpern Fluiddurchgänge entlang der Gehäusewand gebildet sind.In this regard, it is state of the art to provide a guide means at the movable end of the bellows in question. In a post-published prior art solution representing the German patent application DE 10 2007 036 487.5 is disclosed, the guide arrangement is formed in such a way that at the peripheral edge of the movable end body of the bellows, individual, distributed around the circumference of the end body guide body are mounted, which form sliding bodies, which are guided with an outer sliding surface on the housing wall. The sliding surfaces of these bodies have a radial distance from the outer periphery of the end body, so that between the individual guide bodies fluid passages along the housing wall are formed.

Diese Führungskörper sind als Führungsschuhe ausgebildet, die bei dem topfartig gestalteten Endkörper den Umfangsrand des Topfes übergreifen, dessen kreiszylinderförmige Seitenwand sich ins Innere des Balges erstreckt. Bei aus einem Kunststoffwerkstoff guter Gleiteigenschaften gebildeten Führungskörpern werden gute Führungseigenschaften erreicht, d.h. die Führung ermöglicht einen sicheren Langzeitbetrieb bei günstigen Reibungsverhältnissen zwischen Führungskörper und Gehäusewand. Andererseits gestaltet sich die Herstellung aufwendig und kostenintensiv. Die einzelnen Führungskörper, die in einem gesonderten Fertigungsschritt hergestellt sind, müssen zum Montageort gebracht und am Endrand des Endkörpers des betreffenden Balges montiert werden. Um eine sichere Verankerung der Führungskörper zu gewährleisten sind die Führungskörper als Führungsschuhe mit einem im Querschnitt U-ähnlichen Profil gestaltet, dessen Schenkel den Endrand des topfartigen Endkörpers übergreifen. Dabei muß sowohl am Endrand des Topfes eine Raste als auch im Inneren des Profils der Führungsschuhe zumindest eine Hinterschneidung vorhanden sein, um die Sicherung der Führungskörper durch Verklipsen zu ermöglichen. Die Ausbildung von Hinterschneidungen bedingt eine aufwändige Herstellung der Führungsschuhe durch Pressformen.These guide bodies are designed as guide shoes, which engage over the peripheral edge of the pot in the cup-shaped end body whose circular cylindrical side wall extends into the interior of the bellows. When formed from a plastic material good sliding properties guide bodies good leadership properties are achieved, ie the guide allows safe long-term operation with favorable friction conditions between the guide body and housing wall. On the other hand, the production is complicated and expensive. The individual guide body, which are made in a separate manufacturing step, must be brought to the installation site and mounted on the end edge of the end body of the bellows concerned. In order to ensure a secure anchoring of the guide body, the guide body designed as a guide shoes with a cross-sectionally U-shaped profile, the legs of the Overlap end edge of the pot-like end body. In this case, both at the end edge of the pot a catch and inside the profile of the guide shoes at least one undercut must be present to allow the securing of the guide body by clipping. The formation of undercuts requires a complex production of the guide shoes by compression molding.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hydrospeicher zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei dem unter Beibehaltung der guten Führungseigenschaften der vorstehend erwähnten Lösung eine erhöhte Betriebssicherheit durch besonders schonende Beanspruchung des Balges gewährleistet ist.The invention has for its object to provide a hydraulic accumulator available, in which while maintaining the good leadership properties of the aforementioned solution increased reliability is ensured by particularly gentle stress of the bellows.

Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe durch einen Hydrospeicher gelöst, der die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 in seiner Gesamtheit aufweist.According to the invention this object is achieved by a hydraulic accumulator having the features of claim 1 in its entirety.

Gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 besteht eine wesentliche Besonderheit der Erfindung darin, dass der Balg an dem dem bewegbaren Endkörper entgegengesetzten Balgende an einem gehäusefesten Haltering festgelegt ist, an welchem das Ende des Hülsenteils anschlägt, und dass das Führungsmittel einen Ringkörper aufweist, der mit einem die ersten Ringflächenteile bildenden Ringteil in eine umfängliche Ringnut am Endkörper eingreift, die am Endkörper vom unbeweglichen Balgende weg in der den Abstand zum Haltering vergrößernden Richtung axial versetzt angeordnet ist. Dadurch bildet die hülsenartige Verlängerung des Endkörpers nicht nur eine Außenführung für den zusammengezogenen Balg, sondern bildet gleichzeitig eine formschlüssige und daher sichere Hubbegrenzung beim Zusammenziehen des Balges. Die dadurch vergrößerte Führungslänge gewährleistet eine besonders kippsichere Führung.According to the characterizing part of claim 1, a significant feature of the invention is that the bellows is fixed to the movable end body opposite bellows end to a housing-fixed retaining ring, which abuts the end of the sleeve part, and that the guide means comprises a ring body which with a ring part forming the first annular surface parts engages in a circumferential annular groove on the end body, which is arranged offset axially on the end body away from the stationary bellows end in the direction enlarging the distance to the retaining ring. As a result, the sleeve-like extension of the end body not only forms an outer guide for the compressed bellows, but at the same time forms a positive and therefore safe stroke limitation when the bellows contracts. The thus increased guide length ensures a particularly tipping safe leadership.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weise kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass sich das Hülsenteil über eine Strecke erstreckt, die die axiale Länge des zusammengezogenen Balges übersteigt. Dadurch ist die Hubbegrenzung wirksam, bevor der Balg soweit zusammengezogen ist, dass es zu einem Stauchen von Falten kommen könnte.In a particularly advantageous manner, the arrangement may be such that the sleeve part extends over a distance which is the axial length of the contracted Balges exceeds. As a result, the stroke limit is effective before the bellows is contracted so far that it could lead to an upsetting of wrinkles.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Führungseigenschaften ergibt sich, wenn im Hülsenteil eine zweite Ringnut für den Ringteil eines weiteren Ringkörpers in zur ersten Ringnut axial versetzter Lage vorgesehen ist und der Endkörper dadurch völlig kippsicher geführt ist.A further improvement of the guiding properties results when in the sleeve part a second annular groove is provided for the annular part of a further annular body in an axially offset position relative to the first annular groove and the end body is thereby guided completely non-tiltably.

Ein optimales Betriebsverhalten, begünstigt durch entsprechend geringe Reibungskräfte ist mit Ringkörpern realisierbar, die aus einem Kunststoffwerkstoff guter Gleiteigenschaften gebildet sind.An optimal performance, favored by correspondingly low frictional forces can be realized with ring bodies, which are formed from a plastic material good sliding properties.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weise kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass am jeweiligen Ringkörper die zweiten Ringflächenteile axial von Flächen besetzt sind, die absatzlose Fortsetzungen der Radialebenen des in der betreffenden Ringnut aufzunehmenden Ringteiles sind. Die Herstellung eines derartigen Ringkörpers in der Art eines ebenen Flachringes ist besonders einfach und kostengünstig.In a particularly advantageous manner, the arrangement can be made such that the second annular surface parts are axially occupied by surfaces on the respective annular body, which are heelless continuations of the radial planes of the annular part to be received in the respective annular groove. The production of such an annular body in the manner of a flat flat ring is particularly simple and inexpensive.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematisch vereinfacht gezeichneten Längsschnitt eines für einen Einsatz als Pulsationsdämpfer vorgesehenen Hydrospeichers mit einem als bewegliches Trennelement zwischen Gasseite und Fluidseite dienenden Metallbalg, versehen mit einer Führungseinrichtung;
Fig. 2
eine annähernd in natürlicher Größe einer praktischen Ausführungsform gezeichnete Draufsicht eines Ringkörpers, der Bestandteil der Führungseinrichtung des Ausführungsbeispieles von Fig. 1 bildet;
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt entsprechend der Schnittlinie III-III von Fig. 2 und
Fig. 4
einen gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößert gezeichneten Längsschnitt lediglich der Balgeinheit des Ausführungsbeispieles der Erfindung.
The invention with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing will be explained in detail. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematically simplified drawn longitudinal section of a planned for use as a pulsation damper hydraulic accumulator serving as a movable separating element between the gas side and fluid side metal bellows, provided with a guide device;
Fig. 2
a plan view of an annular body drawn approximately to the natural size of a practical embodiment Part of the guide device of the embodiment of Fig. 1 forms;
Fig. 3
a section corresponding to the section line III-III of Fig. 2 and
Fig. 4
one opposite Fig. 1 Enlarged drawn longitudinal section only the bellows unit of the embodiment of the invention.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen Hydrospeicher in Form eines Pulsationsdämpfers. Ein als Ganzes mit 1 bezeichnetes Speichergehäuse weist ein Gehäusehauptteil 3 in Form eines kreiszylindrischen Topfes mit in der Zeichnung oben liegendem Ende 5 auf, das bis auf eine Füllöffnung 7 geschlossen ist, die mit der Gehäuselängsachse 9 fluchtet und bei der Darstellung von Fig. 1 durch einen Schweißkern 11 fluiddicht abgeschlossen ist. Am gegenüberliegenden, in Fig. 1 untenliegenden Ende ist das Gehäuse 1 durch ein Abschlussteil 13 geschlossen, das längs einer Schweißlinie 16 mit dem Gehäusehauptteil 3 dicht verschweißt ist. Zur Achse 9 konzentrisch befindet sich im Abschlussteil 13 ein Fluideinlass 15 mit einem äußeren Anschlussstutzen 17. Bei der Darstellung von Fig. 1 ist auf dem Außengewinde des Anschlussstutzens 17 eine Gewindeschutzkappe 20 aufgeschraubt.The Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic accumulator in the form of a pulsation damper. A designated as a whole with 1 memory housing has a housing main part 3 in the form of a circular cylindrical pot with lying in the drawing above end 5, which is closed except for a filling opening 7, which is aligned with the housing longitudinal axis 9 and in the representation of Fig. 1 is sealed fluid-tight by a welding core 11. At the opposite, in Fig. 1 The lower end of the housing 1 is closed by a closing part 13 which is welded tightly along a welding line 16 with the housing main part 3. Concentric with the axis 9 is located in the end part 13, a fluid inlet 15 with an outer connecting piece 17. In the representation of Fig. 1 is screwed onto the external thread of the connecting piece 17, a threaded cap 20.

Im Inneren des Speichergehäuses bildet eine Metallbalgeinheit ein bewegliches Trennelement zwischen einer Gasseite 21, die an das Gehäuseende 5 angrenzt und über die Füllöffnung 7 mit einem Arbeitsgas, vorzugsweise N2, mit einem Gas-Vorfülldruck befüllbar ist. Bei der Darstellung von Fig. 1 befindet sich der Balg 19 in seinem vollständig zusammengezogenen Zustand, wobei das Volumen der Gasseite 21 den Größtwert besitzt, während die an den Fluideinlass 15 angrenzende Fluidseite 23 ihr kleinstes Volumen besitzt. Die Balgeinheit ist mit dem dem Gehäuseabschlussteil 13 benachbarten Balgende 29, genauer gesagt, an dem radial außenliegenden Rand der letzten Balgfalte, mit einem metallischen Haltering 25 fluiddicht verschweißt. Der Haltering 25 seinerseits ist mit dem Speichergehäuse an der Trennstelle zwischen Abschlussteil 13 und Hauptteil 3 an der Schweißlinie 16 verschweißt. Beim Zusammenbau des Speichergehäuses und dem Einbau der Balgeinheit ist daher die Schweißlinie 16 über den Haltering 25 vom Balgende 29 thermisch zumindest teilweise isoliert. Der Schweißbereich des Balgendes 29 am Haltering 25 ist in der Fig. mit 27 bezeichnet, der Stelle, wo der Haltering 25 eine axiale Auswölbung als Schweißbereich bildet.In the interior of the storage housing, a metal bellows unit forms a movable separating element between a gas side 21, which adjoins the housing end 5 and can be filled via the filling opening 7 with a working gas, preferably N 2 , with a gas pre-filling pressure. In the presentation of Fig. 1 For example, the bellows 19 is in its fully contracted state, with the volume of the gas side 21 having the largest value, while the fluid side 23 adjacent to the fluid inlet 15 has its smallest volume. The bellows unit is welded to the housing end part 13 adjacent bellows 29, more precisely, at the radially outer edge of the last bellows fold, fluid-tight with a metallic retaining ring 25. The retaining ring 25 in turn is welded to the storage housing at the separation point between the end part 13 and the main part 3 at the weld line 16. When assembling the storage housing and the installation of the bellows unit, therefore, the welding line 16 is thermally insulated at least partially via the retaining ring 25 from the bellows 29. The welding region of the bellows 29 on the retaining ring 25 is indicated in the figure by 27, the point where the retaining ring 25 forms an axial bulge as a welding area.

Das dem gehäusefesten Balgende 29 gegenüberliegende, bewegliche Balgende 31 ist am radial außenliegenden Endrand der letzten Balgfalte bei 33 mit einem metallischen Endkörper 35 verschweißt, der einen Verschlusskörper bildet, der den Innenraum des Balges 19 fluiddicht verschließt und damit die Trennung zwischen Gasseite 21 und Fluidseite 23 bildet. Die Abdichtung der Außenseite des Balges 19 erfolgt durch eine Dichtungsanordnung 37 in Form eines ringförmigen Dichtelementes, das den Haltering 25 gegenüber dem Gehäuseabschlussteil 13 abdichtet. Der Endkörper 35 hat beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel die Form einer Scheibe, die, von ihrem Umfangsrand 43 abgesehen, eben ist.The housing-fixed Balgende 29 opposite, movable bellows 31 is welded at the radially outer end edge of the last Balgfalte at 33 with a metallic end body 35 which forms a closure body which closes the interior of the bellows 19 fluid-tight and thus the separation between the gas side 21 and fluid side 23rd forms. The sealing of the outside of the bellows 19 is effected by a sealing arrangement 37 in the form of an annular sealing element, which seals the retaining ring 25 relative to the housing end part 13. The end body 35 has in the illustrated embodiment, the shape of a disc, apart from its peripheral edge 43, is flat.

Der Umfangsrand 43 des Endkörpers 35 erstreckt sich über das benachbarte Balgende 31 hinweg radial nach außen zur Schweißstelle 33 des Balgendes 31 und verläuft von dort vom Balgende 31 weg radial und axial an die Gehäusewand angenähert. Im Umfangsrand 43 befindet sich eine umfängliche Ringnut 45, die den Sitz für einen Ringkörper 47, siehe Fig. 2 und 3, als Bestandteil einer Führungseinrichtung bildet. Bei dem Ringkörper 47 handelt es sich um einen Flachring aus einem Kunststoff guter Gleiteigenschaften, insbesondere aus Tetrafluorethylen. Wie insbesondere Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen, weist der Ringkörper 47 einen in der Ringnut 45 sitzenden Ringteil 49 auf, der an seinem Außenumfang erste Ringflächenteile 51 bildet, die durch zweite Ringflächenteile 53 voneinander getrennt sind. Die zweiten Ringflächenteile 53 sind gegenüber den Ringflächenteilen 51, siehe Fig. 2, derart nach außen radial versetzt, dass die zweiten Ringflächenteile 53 an der Gehäusewand anliegende Gleitflächen an radial vom inneren Ringteil 49 abstehenden Führungskörpern 55 bilden. Im Betrieb, wenn über den Einlass 15 die Fluidseite 23 und damit der Innenraum des Balges 19 mit einem Druckfluid, beispielsweise Hydrauliköl, beaufschlagt ist, der Balg 19 sich auszieht und der Endkörper 35 dadurch aus der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Position axial bewegt wird, wodurch sich das Volumen der Gasseite 21 verringert, bilden die radial äußeren Ringflächenteile 53 Gleitflächen der Führungskörper 55, mit denen der bewegliche Endkörper 35 des Balges 19 an der Gehäusewand geführt wird. Dabei bilden die radial gegenüber den äußeren Ringflächenteilen 53 versetzten inneren Ringflächenteile 51 Fluiddurchgänge an der Außenseite des Balges 19, wodurch sich die Gasseite 21 an der Außenseite des Balges 19 bis zum Haltering 25 fortsetzt, wobei die Abdichtung gegenüber der Fluidseite durch die Dichtungsanordnung 37 erfolgt, die zwischen Haltering 25 und Gehäuseabschlussteil 13 eingefügt ist. Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, ist die Ringnut 45 und damit die Position der Führungskörper am in der Ringnut 45 aufgenommenen Ringkörper 47 axial über das benachbarte Balgende 31 hinaus, und zwar in Richtung vom gehäusefesten Balgende 29 weg, versetzt. Diese Position der Führungskörper 55 begünstigt die Kippsicherheit der Führung der Balgeinheit.The peripheral edge 43 of the end body 35 extends beyond the adjacent Balgende 31 away radially outward to the weld 33 of the bellows 31 and extends from there away from Balgende 31 radially and axially approximated to the housing wall. In the peripheral edge 43 is a circumferential annular groove 45, the seat for a ring body 47, see FIGS. 2 and 3 , as part of a management device. In the annular body 47 is a flat ring made of a plastic good sliding properties, in particular of tetrafluoroethylene. In particular FIGS. 2 and 3 show, the annular body 47 has a seated in the annular groove 45 ring member 49 which forms on its outer periphery first annular surface parts 51 which are separated by second annular surface portions 53 from each other. The second Ring surface parts 53 are opposite to the annular surface parts 51, see Fig. 2 , radially outwardly offset such that the second annular surface portions 53 on the housing wall abutting sliding surfaces on radially projecting from the inner ring member 49 guide bodies 55 form. In operation, when via the inlet 15, the fluid side 23 and thus the interior of the bellows 19 with a pressurized fluid, such as hydraulic oil, is acted upon, the bellows 19 extends and the end body 35 thereby from the in Fig. 1 shown axially moved, whereby the volume of the gas side 21 is reduced, the radially outer annular surface portions 53 form sliding surfaces of the guide body 55, with which the movable end body 35 of the bellows 19 is guided on the housing wall. In this case, the inner annular surface parts 51 offset radially relative to the outer annular surface parts 53 form fluid passages on the outside of the bellows 19, whereby the gas side 21 on the outside of the bellows 19 continues up to the retaining ring 25, the sealing being carried out with respect to the fluid side by the sealing arrangement 37, which is inserted between the retaining ring 25 and the housing end part 13. As Fig. 1 shows, the annular groove 45 and thus the position of the guide body on the received in the annular groove 45 annular body 47 axially beyond the adjacent Balgende 31 addition, in the direction of the housing-fixed bellows 29 away, offset. This position of the guide body 55 favors the tilting security of the leadership of the bellows unit.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt in gesonderter Darstellung lediglich die Balgeinheit mit dem an der Schweißstelle 27 mit dem Haltering 25 verbundenen Balgende 29. Wie ersichtlich, ist ein sich an den Umfangsrand 43 anschließender, sich entlang der Außenseite des Balges 19 axial erstreckender, kreiszylinderförmiger Hülsenkörper 63 vorgesehen. Dieser erstreckt sich über eine axiale Länge, die größer als die axiale Erstreckung des voll zusammengezogenen Balges 19 ist, wobei die Anordnung so getroffen ist, dass das Ende des Hülsenteiles 63, das über das Balgende 29 übersteht, bei dem in Fig. 1 und 4 voll zusammengezogenen Zustand des Balges 19 an einer Anschlagschulter 65 am Haltering 25 anliegt und damit eine Hubbegrenzung beim Zusammenziehen des Balges 19 bildet. Als weitere Besonderheit befindet sich im Hülsenteil 63 eine zweite Ringnut 67 für einen zweiten Ringkörper 47, so dass die Führungseinrichtung eine zweite Gruppe von Führungskörpern 55 besitzt, die gegenüber der in der Ringnut 45 sitzenden Gruppe axial in Richtung auf das gehäusefeste Balgende 29 versetzt ist, und zwar über die halbe Länge des Hülsenkörpers 63 hinaus in Richtung auf das Balgende 29. Diese Bauweise der Führungseinrichtung zeichnet sich durch eine besonders kippsichere Führung der beweglichen Teile der Balgeinheit aus.The Fig. 4 shows in a separate representation, only the bellows unit with the bellows 27 connected to the retaining ring 25 bellows end 29. As can be seen, a subsequent to the peripheral edge 43, along the outside of the bellows 19 axially extending, circular cylindrical sleeve body 63 is provided. This extends over an axial length which is greater than the axial extent of the fully contracted bellows 19, wherein the arrangement is such that the end of the sleeve portion 63, which projects beyond the bellows 29, in the in Fig. 1 and 4 fully contracted state of the bellows 19 at a stop shoulder 65 abuts the retaining ring 25 and thus forms a stroke limitation during contraction of the bellows 19. As a further special feature, a second annular groove 67 for a second annular body 47 is located in the sleeve part 63, so that the guide device has a second group of guide bodies 55, which is offset axially relative to the group sitting in the annular groove 45 in the direction of the housing-fixed bellows end 29. over half the length of the sleeve body 63 out in the direction of the bellows end 29. This design of the guide device is characterized by a particularly tilt-proof guidance of the moving parts of the bellows unit.

Bei einem Einsatz des mit der erfindungsgemäßen Führungseinrichtung versehenen Hydrospeichers als Pulsationsdämpfer ist die Fluidseite 23 über den Einlass 15 mit einem Druckfluid, insbesondere Hydraulikflüssigkeit, einem Kraftstoff oder Schmierstoff in Fluidverbindung, um auftretende Druckstöße zu glätten. Dabei hat es sich als günstig erwiesen, wenn, wie dies in DE 10 2004 004 341 A1 aufgezeigt ist, die Gasseite 21 nicht nur mit Arbeitsgas befüllt ist, sondern zusätzlich einen vorgebbaren Volumenanteil eines Fluides enthält. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich dabei eine Kombination von Stickstoffgas als Arbeitsgas und Ethylenalkohol als Fluid auf der Gasseite 21 des Speichers als Füllung erwiesen. Im Betrieb kann das Fluid zwischen Falten und Umlenkungen des Balges 19 ein dämpfendes Abstützmedium bilden, an dem sich die gefalteten Wandungsteile des Balges 19 am Fluid als Gegenlager abstützen können, was zu einer Erhöhung der Lebensdauer des Balges und damit zu einer Erhöhung der Funktionssicherheit führt. Dies gilt insbesondere bei raschen Pulsationen und schnellen Druckstößen.When using the hydraulic accumulator provided with the guide device according to the invention as a pulsation damper, the fluid side 23 via the inlet 15 with a pressurized fluid, in particular hydraulic fluid, a fuel or lubricant in fluid communication to smooth occurring pressure surges. It has proved to be favorable if, as in DE 10 2004 004 341 A1 is shown, the gas side 21 is not only filled with working gas, but also contains a predetermined volume fraction of a fluid. A combination of nitrogen gas as the working gas and ethylene alcohol as the fluid on the gas side 21 of the storage has proved to be particularly advantageous. In operation, the fluid between folds and deflections of the bellows 19 form a damping support medium, on which the folded wall parts of the bellows 19 can be supported on the fluid as an abutment, which leads to an increase in the life of the bellows and thus to an increase in reliability. This is especially true for rapid pulsations and rapid pressure surges.

Claims (5)

  1. A hydraulic accumulator, in particular a pulsation damper, comprising a metal bellows (19) which on at least one bellows end (31) has an end body (35) which can be moved along the wall of a housing (1) during the expansion and compression of the bellows (19), there being provided between this end body and the housing (1) a guide means (47) which on at least one peripheral region of the end body (35) on its outer periphery forms first annular sections (51) which have a radial distance from the wall of the housing (1) and which are separated from one another by second annular sections (53) which project radially beyond the first annular sections (51) and which are distributed on the outer periphery, the end body (35) being axially lengthened by a peripheral sleeve part (63) which extends in the direction of the immovable bellows end (29), and the end of the sleeve part (63) adjoining a housing-mounted part (25) as a stop body when the bellows (19) is compressed, characterised in that the bellows (19) on the bellows end (29) opposite the moveable end body (35) is fixed on a housing-mounted retaining ring (25) which the end of the sleeve part (63) strikes, and that the guide means has an annular body (47) which with one annular part (49) which forms the first annular sections (51) engages on the end body (35) in a peripheral annular groove (45) which is located axially offset on the end body (35) away from the immovable bellows end (29) in the direction which increases the distance to the retaining ring (25).
  2. The hydraulic accumulator according to Claim1, characterised in that the sleeve part (63) extends over a distance which exceeds the axial length of the compressed bellows (19).
  3. The hydraulic accumulator according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that in the sleeve part (63) there is a second annular groove (67) for the annular part (49) of another annular body (47) in the position which is axially offset toward the first annular groove (45).
  4. The hydraulic accumulator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the respective annular body (47) is formed from a plastic material with good sliding properties.
  5. The hydraulic accumulator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that on the respective annular body (47) the second annular sections (53) are axially bordered by surfaces which are shoulderless continuations of the radial planes of the annular part (49) which is to be accommodated in the respective annular groove (45, 67).
EP10784258.5A 2009-12-30 2010-11-09 Hydraulic accumulator, especially pulsation damper Active EP2519746B1 (en)

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DE102009060852A DE102009060852A1 (en) 2009-12-30 2009-12-30 Hydraulic accumulator, in particular pulsation damper
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JP2013516581A (en) 2013-05-13
DE102009060852A1 (en) 2011-07-07
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JP5567687B2 (en) 2014-08-06
US20120211110A1 (en) 2012-08-23
US8496030B2 (en) 2013-07-30

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