WO2004085004A1

WO2004085004A1 - Training apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2004085004A1
Application number: PCT/EP2004/003145
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Rosenfeldt; Oliver Köster; Dorothea Adams; Michael Stork; Ute Wilhelm-Cryns; Torsten Zinkhan
Original assignee: Fludicon Gmbh; Proline Gmbh
Priority date: 2003-03-28
Filing date: 2004-03-25
Publication date: 2004-10-07
Also published as: EP1608437A1

Abstract

A training apparatus (25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 70, 80, 90) comprises a force resister (1), which serves to produce a variable resistance and which is connected to a handle (23). Said force resister (1) has a piston (4), which is guided inside a cylinder housing (7) and which forms two working chambers (9, 10) whose volumes vary, which are filled with pressure medium and which are connected via a valve system (3). A relative movement between the piston (4) and the cylinder (7) ensues when the handle (23) is subjected to the action of muscular force, and the pressure medium flows through the valve system (3). The aim of the invention is to improve the design of a training apparatus of the aforementioned type so that an individual who is training can work in both working directions and so that the resistance produced by the force resister can be continuously adjusted whereby making particularly quick training cycles possible. To this end, the pressure medium is an electrorheological and/or magnetorheological liquid, and the valve system (3) has means for influencing the viscosity of the electrorheological liquid and/or magnetorheological liquid whereby being able to be electrically controlled.

Description

exerciser

Training devices are used in the fitness / 5 wellness area as well as in the medical / therapeutic area for rehabilitation and preventive treatment of patients.

The training devices contain resistance sensors, which as

10 elastic elements, ^" weights, magnetic or electromagnetic brakes (ergometers) or hydraulic elements can be formed. With training devices which are equipped with weights to generate resistance;. Can - during training only work on one direction of action

15 so that too. raining both the agonist and the antagonist of a muscle group requires two devices. With resistance transmitters designed as magnetic or electromagnetic brakes, the power consumption / energy consumption is very high. training equipment

20- inside- a -.hydraulic. Resistance sensor is integrated, whereby the resistance can be adjusted via hydraulic throttles, have a multitude of moving parts due to the built-in hydraulic elements. are subject to wear. Furthermore, the control for setting a targeted

25 resistance consuming.

, In gyms or therapy centers, several devices for training different muscle groups are usually made available at the same time. The 30 • effective® circuit offers a particularly effective and highly motivating method. training,--. that is designed as a group training. For this purpose, eight different types of equipment are put together on a compass, so that effective training of all important muscle groups is achieved. These devices contain that as a resistance transmitter So-called isodynamic resistance system, which is designed as a hydraulic resistance transmitter and is described in more detail in DE 37 04 841 C2.

The object of the present invention is to develop a training device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a training person can work in both directions of action and the resistance generated by means of the resistance transmitter can be set continuously, in particular rapid training cycles should be possible.

This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.

The resistance transmitter integrated in the training devices includes a piston / cylinder arrangement and a ^■ valve based on electrorheological / magnetorheological fluids. By using a magnetorheological and / or electrorheological liquid in the resistance sensor, a fast response time can be achieved, since, for example, the electrorheological effect takes place in the millisecond range and is reversible. The system shows little wear, since the valve can be realized without moving parts.

The invention takes advantage of the properties of electrorheological or magnetorheological liquids. Such liquids are usually suspensions, ie in a carrier medium. suspended solid particles that can be polarized via the electric or magnetic field. , By the action of an electric field or magnetic. Field • the viscosity of electrorheological or magnetorheological fluids can be set very quickly and reversibly in a wide range. For electrorheological fluids this is used Electrode arrangements 'an electrical control voltage' for generating an electrical field. With the resistance transmitter according to the invention, the resistance to be generated can thus be variably adjusted by changing the rheological properties of the fluid.

The exercising persons can specify the desired load targets via an electronic operating unit and train them in two load directions. Here, the muscle strength of the training ^'Person example, is introduced via a lever in the resistance transmitter, and worked against each acting resistance.

The resistance can be continuously adjusted in both directions of action. This is achieved using a mechatronic system consisting of a mechanical-hydraulic rotary displacer. the immediate 'by means of a wave. a moment is initiated. The displaced electrorheological fluid (ERF) then flows through valve gaps formed in an electrorheological valve. Via a power pack, the valve is acted upon with the ^• electrical voltage required for the freely adjustable “resistance ^w ”. _,

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments:

Fig. 1 shows the ^'integrated in a training device resistance-type sensor 1 in sectional view. Basis of electrorheological fluids and / or magnet ^' orheological fluids. The resistance giver. 1. includes a rotary displacer 2 and an electrorheological valve 3. he rotary displacer 2. consists of a rotary piston A, which has a central part in the form of a rotary shaft 5 with a radially outwardly projecting wing 6, which is rotatable about the axis of rotation D in a housing 7 ^'is stored. The rotary shaft 5 is at least on one side Introduction of a Drehmomentes- from the housing 7 a liquid-tight herausgeführt.- Instead of the rotation shaft of initiation of the torque can also be realized via driving flanges ^•. The housing 7 faces the 5 rotary piston. , a cylindrical bore defined by a radially inwardly projecting housing web 8 (barrier rib) under broche ^'is.

Between. D ^' rehkσlben 4 and. Housing 7 become two volume-variable by the arrangement described above

Working chambers 9,10 formed, which are referred to as first and second working chamber. The working chambers 9, 10 are each filled with an electrorheological fluid and / or magnetorheological fluid as the working fluid, and 5 each have one introduced into the housing wall

Through hole 11,12 for the working fluid. The bore 11, 12 of the first and second working chambers 9, 10 are connected to one another via the electrorheological valve 3. , 0

Valves for .electrorheological liquids are known, for example, from DE-A 3808521 and are. usually formed from coaxially arranged cylinder electrodes or from arrangements of parallel plates, between which the -5 electrorheological fluid flows. Due to the electrical voltage applied to the electrodes, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid located between the electrodes is - and thus the 'flow resistance through the. Valve gap. ^ .controllable .. 0

The electrorheological valve 3 used in the resistance sensor 1 shown in FIG. 1 is designed as a double ring gap valve and consists of two concentrically arranged valves. Sleeves 13, 14, which are surrounded by a tubular housing section 15 connected to the housing are. Between the inner lateral surface of the housing section 15 and the outer lateral surface of the outer sleeve 13, a first annular gap R1 is formed, which extends over the entire axial length of the housing section, the delimiting lateral surfaces forming the electrode surfaces.

A second annular space R2 is formed between the inner lateral surface of the outer sleeve 13 and the outer lateral surface of the inner sleeve 14, which extends over the entire axial length of the housing section, the lateral surfaces delimiting the second annular gap as

Electrode surfaces are formed. The inner lateral surface of the inner sleeve 14 delimits a cylindrical space 1.6. The outer sleeve 13 is designed as an electrically controllable electrode and has an electrical connection 17 which is led out of the housing.

As can be seen from the sectional view, the bore 12 made in the first working chamber 10 is connected to the first and second annular gap R1, R2. The second working comb _. r 9 communicates with the cylindrical space 16 via the bore 11. The annular gaps Rl _f R2 and the cylindrical space 16 are also filled with electrorheological fluid or magnetorheological fluid.

By the introduction of a torque about the rotary shaft 5 in a clockwise direction, the working fluid by means of the rotary piston ^■ 4 is displaced from the second working chamber 9 through the bore 11 in the central cylindrical chamber 16 - and then through the lower end portion of the first and second sleeves 13 , 14 introduced -.radial through bores 18, 19 in the first and second annular spaces R1, R2. The working fluid then flows through the annular spaces R1, R2 via the bore 12 into the first working chamber 10. The flow path of the working fluid described above is added Torque initiation in the clockwise direction is shown schematically by the arrows 20. In the opposite direction of rotation, the working fluid is correspondingly displaced from the first working chamber 10 through the annular gaps R1, R2, the cylindrical space 1.6, into the second working chamber 9.

As already described above, the flow resistance of the electrorheological liquids and thus the pressure drop across the valve can be controlled continuously, so that the valve 3 represents an electrically adjustable throttle.

In an alternative embodiment of the inventive concept, the resistance transmitter can also be designed as a longitudinal displacer with an electrorheological / magnetorheological valve. Here, the longitudinal displacer essentially consists of a piston which is mounted axially displaceably in a housing.

The piston divides the housing into two variable-volume working chambers, the working chambers being connected to one another via the electrorheological / magnetorheological valve.

It goes without saying that when using magnetorheological liquids, instead of electrode arrangements, coil arrangements for generating a magnetic field must be provided.

2 schematically shows a control designed as an operating element 21 ^' for the exercising person, a power supply unit 22 connected to the control and the resistance transmitter 1 with a handle 23 ^' . The handle is 23. in, the simplified representation indicated as a lever,. the rotatable on the rotating shaft. of the rotary piston is fixed. The exercising person can use the control element 21 to specify desired load targets, which are supplied to the power supply unit 22 as setpoints and in Signals are converted, via a connecting line 17, the electrode of the valve 3 with the corresponding driving energy for adjusting the electric or magnetic field drives .. About the ^'exposure of the. Valve 3 with a predeterminable electrical voltage 'can now be set variable resistances and thus a stepless variation (map) of mechanical performance can be removed. The map width can ^■ via the valve length constructively be determined which then also a measure of the required electrical power rating of 22 ist.-

The resistance preset by the person training, which is also speed-dependent and / or stroke-dependent. can be variable>. must then be overcome during training by using muscle strength.

The resistance sensor 1 is equipped with sensors, sensors for measuring kinetic and / or kinematic variables being able to be used. In the example above, signals relating to the direction of rotation and speed of the rotary displacer 2 could be determined, for example, using a rotary pulse meter, these signals and the voltage applied to the valve gap R1, R2 being fed back as actual values of the control unit 21.

Various embodiments of fitness devices with the resistance transmitter already described in FIG. 1 are shown and briefly explained below using schematic drawings: FIGS. 3a and 3b show the training device 25 with the designation “Double FlyA das ein

Training of the chest and upper back muscles allows. The training device 25 'consists of a, as it is shown schematically, base plate 26 with a seat 27 consisting of a seat and a backrest. On the base plate 26 is a seat 27 below Resistance sensor 1 is arranged, wherein the rotary shaft 5 is arranged in the vertical direction and protrudes upwards from the housing ". A rotary shaft 28 is sometimes mounted on the side next to the resistance sensor 1, one on the side of the. Seat surface 'has upwardly arranged lever arrangement 29 with end-mounted handles. The actuating levers 29 have arm pads 30 in the upper third. As can be seen from the top view of the training device 25, the rotary shaft 5 of the resistance sensor 1 is coupled to the rotary shafts 28 by means of a cross-shaped chain 31, so that the actuating levers 29 can be pivoted according to the arrows 32 shown by means of this gear arrangement. The person sitting on the training device 25 can thus train an outward or inward movement of the arms held at an angle in front of the body.

FIGS. 4a and 4b show the training device 35 “Add Ab”, which is used for training the outer and inner thighs. The training device 35 consists of a seat 37 arranged on a base plate 36 with a seat and backrest. 3, a resistance sensor 1 is also arranged below the seat arrangement on the base plate 36, the rotary shaft 5 being led upwards out of the housing and via a gear arrangement with a rotary shaft 38 in which is mounted on the right and left side of the resistance sensor 1 The rotary shafts 38 are each connected to a lever arrangement 39, which enable the lower leg of the person exercising to be received, for this purpose the levers 39 are each provided with a cushion 40 and lateral fixing elements 41 for knee and calf fixation From Fig -... 4a are the B. Movement possibilities of the lever arrangements by means of the arrows 42nd indicated. 5 schematically shows a side view of the training ^device 45 “Big Tric ^λλ with which the muscles of the front and rear upper arm can be trained. Here, the training device 45 essentially consists of a base plate 46 and a ^{seat element} fixed on the base plate 46 47. Laterally front of the seat member 47 'is a' further problem associated with the base plate 46 frame member 48 is arranged, on the one hand comprises an inclined plate 49 -with padding to support the elbows of the person training, as well ^as' the Widerstaridsgeber. 1 The

Resistance transmitter 1 'is arranged such that ^the' rotating _shaft. 5 is led out of the housing in the horizontal direction and is connected to a lever arrangement 50 with a handle bar. The B ^{'ewegungsmöglichkeiten,} ie -the Verschwenkradius the lever assembly 50 with handle rod is indicated by the arrows 51st

6 schematically shows the training device 55 “Hip Machine” with which the abdominal muscles and the muscles of the lower back can be trained. Here, a seat 56 is arranged on a base plate 57. The resistance transmitter 1 is in a frame element 58, the with the base plate 57 is in communication. the side of the training person ^• integrated. the possibilities of movement, -the about coupled to the resistance transmitter 1- lever assembly 59 is achievable, are represented by the arrows 60. with the training device 55 exercises Hüftbeugen can and Back extensors are performed.

In FIG. 7, the training device is the 65th “Sprint Master” in

Side view - shown in schematic .. representation. The exerciser stands on the base plate .66, - being disposed in ^"a frame assembly 67 behind the training person in a built up weisenden- construction of the resistance-type sensor 1, the rotary shaft 5 is in this case in. horizontal direction out of the housing and provided with an obliquely forward-facing lever arrangement 68.

The lever arrangement 68 is fork-shaped in the front area and provided with two laterally spaced padded grip elements, so that the grip elements can be held laterally in front of the head of the exercising person. The movement possibilities of the "Sprint Masters" are indicated in FIG. 7 with the arrows 69, the exercise being carried out as a squat and stretching.

8 shows a side view of the training device 70 “lat neck”, with which the shoulder and the lower back muscles can be trained. The exercising person can sit on a seat arrangement 72, which is fastened to a base plate 71 and comprises a base area and a backrest integrated behind the seat arrangement 72 approximately at shoulder height in a frame element 73 of the training device 70, the rotary shaft being led horizontally out of the housing and with an obliquely forward over the

Head of the exercising person protruding lever arrangement 74, which is fork-shaped in the front region and allows a grip with the hands of the exercising person to the right and left above the head. The movement possibilities of the “lat neck” are indicated in FIG. 8 with arrows 75. The exercise consists of pulling the handle bar up to the chin height and pushing the handle bar back into the starting position.

9 schematically shows a side view of the training device 80 “Leg Master”, which consists of a seat arrangement 82 comprising a seat surface and backrest arranged on a base plate 81. Below the seat arrangement is a rod arrangement 83 pointing obliquely upwards with an integrated resistance sensor 1 provided, the rotary shaft 5 of the .Resistance sensor 1 is guided outwards in the horizontal direction and is equipped with a lever arrangement 84 for training the front and rear thigh muscles. For this purpose, the calves of the exercising person can be picked up between the front and rear shin fixations 85. The exercise consists of a leg curl and leg extension, wherein the movement possibilities of the ^'lever arrangement is indicated by the arrows 86 84th

Fig '. 10 shows a side view of the training device ^'90 "Press and Row", which consists of a arranged on a base plate 91 seat assembly 92 consisting of .Sitzfläche and backrest. Laterally next to the seat assembly 92 is disposed on the base plate 91 of the resistance-type sensor 1, wherein the rotary shaft 5 of the resistance transmitter 1 is led out of the housing in the horizontal direction and is provided with a lever arrangement 93 with a horizontal handle bar for gripping with the hands, which is directed laterally forward and obliquely upwards. The possible movements of the lever arrangement 93 are shown in FIG Arrows 94 are shown, the exercise consisting in pulling the elbow up to the body and pushing the arms forward into the starting position.

Claims

Patentansprüche-

1. Training device (25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 70, 80, 90) comprising a resistance sensor (1) for generating a variable resistance which is connected to a handle (23), the resistance sensor (1) being one in A piston (4) guided in a cylinder housing (7), the piston (4) forming two volume-changing working chambers (9, 10) in the cylinder housing (7) which are filled with pressure medium and which are connected via a valve arrangement (3) stand, whereby when the handle ^' (23) is acted upon by muscle force, a relative movement between the piston (4) and cylinder (7) is effected and the pressure medium flows through the valve arrangement (3), characterized thereby that the pressure medium is an electrorheological and / or is magnetorheological fluid and the valve arrangement (3) comprises means for 'influencing the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid and / or magnetorheological fluid and is designed to be electrically controllable.