WO2004084628A2 - Composition microbienne - Google Patents

Composition microbienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004084628A2
WO2004084628A2 PCT/ZA2004/000031 ZA2004000031W WO2004084628A2 WO 2004084628 A2 WO2004084628 A2 WO 2004084628A2 ZA 2004000031 W ZA2004000031 W ZA 2004000031W WO 2004084628 A2 WO2004084628 A2 WO 2004084628A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
heavy metal
copolymer
fertilising
soil improving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2004/000031
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2004084628A3 (fr
Inventor
Pieter Gideon Van Der Merwe
Original Assignee
Aquasoil (Pty) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aquasoil (Pty) Limited filed Critical Aquasoil (Pty) Limited
Publication of WO2004084628A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004084628A2/fr
Publication of WO2004084628A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004084628A3/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a microbicidal composition and to a process for preparation of said composition.
  • banana plants are subject to attack by fusarium wilt and pine trees are subject to damage due to Fusarium circinatum, and hydroponic systems may be damaged by Pythium.
  • the inventor is aware that silver has been used over many years as a microbicide but that there has not been an efficient delivery system for delivering and releasing silver where and when it is required in the soil and by the plants.
  • PCT/ZA01/00145 The entire disclosure of PCT application PCT/ZA01/00145 is incorporated herein by reference as if specifically reproduced here.
  • the abovementioned PCT specification may be obtained from WIPO in English or downloaded from the website http://pctgazette.wipo.int and assists with understanding the general principles of using a crosslinked copolymer as a carrier for fertiliser and water and making these available to plants.
  • the inventor has identified a need for a microbicidal composition which can be used in agriculture and which permits plant roots to take up silver in a form which is not harmful to the plant but which kills or inhibits harmful microbes, such as Fusarium on pine tree and banana plantations.
  • composition should be a slow release composition so that very low quantities of silver can be used for extended periods of time and extensive acerage.
  • a process for preparing a microbicidal composition for agricultural use from particles of a heavy metal, its salts, and/or complexes, and particles of one or more crosslinked copolymer including mechanically mixing said particles of copolymer and particles of the heavy metal, its salts, and/or complexes to form a substantially homogeneous particulate composition.
  • the copolymer may be in the form of granules.
  • the particles of the heavy metal, its salts, and/or complexes may be in the form of a fine powder.
  • the mixing may be by high shear mixing of the components.
  • Additional components such as fertiliser, micronutrients, and the like, may be mixed in with the copolymer and the heavy metal, its salts, and/or complexes, in order to form a fertilising composition which also assists in controlling microbial damage to plants being fertilised with the composition.
  • the heavy metal is silver.
  • One silver salt that may be used due to its high solubility is silver nitrate.
  • the silver nitrate may be present in the compositon at a rate of between 0.1 g and 10Og for every 10 OOOg of crosslinked polymer prior to mixing.
  • the silver nitrate is used at a rate of 1 g per 10 OOOg of crosslinked polymer.
  • the silver nitrate may be pre-mixed with a particulate substance, such as bentonite or crosslinked polymer, to form an intermediate size batch which is then mixed with the bulk of the polymer to form the composition.
  • a particulate substance such as bentonite or crosslinked polymer
  • the fertiliser may be used at a rate of 6 000 g per 10 000 g of crosslinked polymer prior to mixing.
  • composition bulk density increases visibly.
  • the high shear mixing may be carried out in a high speed mixing vessel.
  • the electrical charge may be imparted by negative charging with a corona discharge device, such as a corona-electroniser.
  • a corona discharge device such as a corona-electroniser.
  • the imparting of the negative charge may be assisted by mixing in a ribbon blender associated with the corona discharge device.
  • the high shear mixing may be carried out at a temperature of from ambient temperature to 50°C, or even 90°C, or even higher, depending on the copolymer used.
  • the crosslinked copolymer may be a crosslinked potassium copolymer, for example, a polyacrylate/polyacrylamide potassium crosslinked copolymer.
  • the bulk density increases by at least 2%, usually by at least 5%.
  • composition bulk density remains substantially stable if kept dry.
  • composition after mixing is friable and pours easily if kept dry.
  • the high shear mixing may be conducted under substantially dry conditions i.e. without the addition of additional moisture to the composition.
  • the high shear mixing may be conducted in the presence of preheated air, typically dry preheated air.
  • the composition may be milled or ground to form a homogeneous crystal size.
  • the composition may be mixed with bulking agents and/or other soil conditioning agents to produce a particulate soil treatment composition.
  • the bulking agents may include lime, bentonite, and the like.
  • the other soil conditioning agents may include organic matter, such as composted chicken manure, sorghum waste, soya waste, sunflower seed waste, and the like.
  • the soil conditioning agents may also include bio-humate, such as bacteria, and growth stimulants, particularly where the composition is to be used in poor soils such as sand dunes and the like.
  • the soil conditioning agents may include macro and/or micro trace elements.
  • composition with or without some or all of the bulking and conditioning agents, may be extruded to form pellets or granules suitable for addition to soil.
  • binding agents such as natural gums, molasses, dextrose, or the like, may be used.
  • a soil improving and fertilising composition having a microbicidal effect otherwise simply referred to as a microbicidal composition for use in agriculture, including: a heavy metal, a salt thereof, or a complex thereof; and one or more crosslinked copolymer.
  • the composition may be a particulate composition.
  • the heavy metal, salt thereof, or complex thereof may be particulate.
  • the one or more crosslinked copolymer may be particulate.
  • the crosslinked polymer may be a potassium crosslinked polymer.
  • At least some of the heavy metal, heavy metal salt, or heavy metal complex and the potassium crosslinked copolymer may be mechanically fused.
  • the heavy metal may be present at a rate of from 0.1 g to 10 g per 10 000 g of crosslinked polymer, typically at a rate of 1 g per 10 000 g of the crosslinked polymer.
  • the heavy metal may be silver.
  • the heavy metal salt may be silver nitrate.
  • the composition may include a fertiliser.
  • the fertiliser may be any normal agricultural or horticultural fertiliser including macro nutrients, such as K, P and N, and micro nutrients, such as Zn, Cu, and the like.
  • the fertiliser is a granulated fertiliser.
  • the fertiliser may be any plant nutrient composition.
  • the crosslinked copolymer may be crosslinked polyacrylate/polyacrylamide copolymer.
  • crosslinked copolymer is crosslinked potassium polyacrylate/polyacrylamide copolymer, such as that available under the trade name Stockasorb from Stockhausen GmbH in Germany.
  • the crosslinked copolymer Prior to mixing with the heavy metal and/or the fertiliser, the crosslinked copolymer may be in the form of granules having a bulk density of from about 500 to 580 Kg/m 3 , typically 540 Kg/m 3 , and a moisture content of about from 3% to 7%, typically 5%. Prior to mixing with the heavy metal and/or the fertiliser, the crosslinked copolymer granules may have a particle size distribution of from 50 to 5000 microns, typically from 100 to 3000 microns. Usual particle size distributions include from 200 to 800 microns, from 800 to 3000 microns, and from 100 to 800 microns.
  • the composition may include from 1 % to 99,9% by mass of said copolymer, however, typically it will include from about 9% to about 80% by mass of said copolymer.
  • the composition includes 40 % of said copolymer.
  • the composition may be milled or ground to form a homogeneous crystal size.
  • the composition may be mixed with bulking agents and/or other soil conditioning agents to produce a particulate soil treatment composition.
  • the bulking agents may include lime, bentonite, and the like.
  • the other soil conditioning agents may include organic matter, such as composted chicken manure, sorghum waste, soya waste, sunflower seed waste, and the like.
  • the soil conditioning agents may also include bio-humate, such as bacteria, and growth stimulants, particularly where the composition is to be used in poor soils such as sand dunes and the like.
  • the soil conditioning agents may include macro and/or micro trace elements.
  • composition with or without some or all of the bulking and conditioning agents, may be extruded to form pellets or granules suitable for addition to soil.
  • binding agents such as natural gums, molasses, dextrose, or the like, may be used.
  • the composition may be a fertiliser extender so that less fertiliser active ingredients are required to fertilise the soil while also reducing the cost of fertilising the soil.
  • the composition may be a slow release fertilising composition so that fertilising nutrients are released to the plants over an extended period when compared to the fertiliser component of the composition.
  • the composition may have an absorption capacity of 300 ml of water per 1 ,25 g of composition having 80% copolymer and 20% fertiliser. This water is available to a plant's root system.
  • the composition may be distributed at a rate of from 1000 g/m 3 of soil to control the microbe to be controlled.
  • the composition is distributed at a rate of 5 g per plant of a composition including 1 g of silver nitrate per 10 000 g of copolymer.
  • the composition may be distributed to reduce evaporation losses from the soil.
  • the composition may be distributed to improve soil aeration. This is achieved when the water which has been absorbed by the composition is used up by the plants thereby leaving an air pocket in the soil.
  • Aquasoil-Ag was prepared by dry mixing silver nitrate with AquasoilTM potassium crosslinked copolymer at a rate of 1 g silver nitrate to 10000 g of potassium crosslinked polymer.
  • the silver nitrate was pre-mixed with bentonite to form an intermediate size batch which is then mixed with the bulk of the polymer to form the composition.
  • composition is then mixed with a high shear mixer until a homogeneous particulate product is obtained.
  • Fusarium circinatum is a pathogen of pine trees in several countries of the world. It is best known as the fungus responsible for pitch canker, a disease that occurs on twigs and stems of fully-grown pine seedlings in several forestry nurseries due to root rot. Fusarium circinatum now threatens to spread from the nurseries to forest plantations of our country. While it is speculated that F. circinatum was first introduced into South African nurseries with infected seed, it seems that the fungus is now well established, and could also have contaminated other sources such as the seedling trays used in nurseries.
  • a virulent isolate of Fusarium circinatum was selected for the evaluation of Aquasoil-Ag.
  • Aquasoil-Ag were suspended in sterile distilled water and added to water agar at 50°C in amounts to achieve final concentrations of 2 and 10 g.L '1 (recommended dose).
  • the mycelial discs (5-mm-diameter) from the prepared cultures were removed from the agar with a cork borer and placed in the centre of a Petri dish containing the water agar amended with Aquasoil-Ag.
  • Control plates contained water agar only.
  • Aquasoil without AgN0 3 amended with water agar to achieve final concentrations of 2 and 10 g.L "1 , were also included as control plates. Five replicate plates were incubated of each concentration. The dishes were incubated for 7 days at 25°C under a mixture of cool-white and near UV-light, after which colony diameters were measured (2 measurements per colony).
  • Fig. 1 The effect of Aquasoil-Ag and Aquasoil (amended with water agar) at concentrations of 2g.L “1 and 10g.L “1 on the growth of Fusarium circinatum.
  • PCT/ZA01/00145 can be applied to this invention by the addition of a heavy metal, its slats, or complexes thereof, as a microbicide in the desired quantities set out above in the specification.
  • compositions may be prepared that do not include fertiliser and which serve primarily as microbicidal compositions.
  • PCT/ZA01/00145 can be applied to this invention by the addition of a heavy metal, its slats, or complexes thereof, as a microbicide in the desired quantities set out above in the specification.
  • compositions may be prepared that do not include fertiliser and which serve primarily as microbicidal compositions.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une méthode pour préparer une composition microbienne à usage agricole à partir de particules d'un métal lourd, ses sels et/ou complexes, et des particules d'un ou de plusieurs copolymères réticulés, pour former une composition particulaire sensiblement homogène. L'invention concerne en outre une composition d'amélioration et de fertilisation des sols, et un procédé qui met en oeuvre ladite composition à des fins agricoles ou horticoles.
PCT/ZA2004/000031 2003-03-24 2004-03-19 Composition microbienne WO2004084628A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2003/2268 2003-03-24
ZA200302268 2003-03-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004084628A2 true WO2004084628A2 (fr) 2004-10-07
WO2004084628A3 WO2004084628A3 (fr) 2004-12-09

Family

ID=33098639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2004/000031 WO2004084628A2 (fr) 2003-03-24 2004-03-19 Composition microbienne

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2004084628A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105191951A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2015-12-30 许自协 一种抑制松树脂溃疡病菌生长的化合物

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB591951A (en) * 1944-03-23 1947-09-03 Rosaleen Shaw Improvements in and relating to fertilisers or growth promoters for vegetable life
US3092552A (en) * 1958-05-19 1963-06-04 Albert C Nolte Oligodynamic silver compositions and uses
GB1157400A (en) * 1968-05-02 1969-07-09 Exxon Research Engineering Co Urea-Containing Fertilisers
GB1219077A (en) * 1967-01-24 1971-01-13 Henry Groh Treating plants, roots and reeds
WO2003002618A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polymeres absorbant l'eau, a faible teneur en monomeres, qui contiennent un groupe carboxyle
WO2003002164A2 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polymeres superabsorbants contenant un carboxyle et presentant des proprietes d'elimination des odeurs, et procede de preparation associe

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB591951A (en) * 1944-03-23 1947-09-03 Rosaleen Shaw Improvements in and relating to fertilisers or growth promoters for vegetable life
US3092552A (en) * 1958-05-19 1963-06-04 Albert C Nolte Oligodynamic silver compositions and uses
GB1219077A (en) * 1967-01-24 1971-01-13 Henry Groh Treating plants, roots and reeds
GB1157400A (en) * 1968-05-02 1969-07-09 Exxon Research Engineering Co Urea-Containing Fertilisers
WO2003002618A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polymeres absorbant l'eau, a faible teneur en monomeres, qui contiennent un groupe carboxyle
WO2003002164A2 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polymeres superabsorbants contenant un carboxyle et presentant des proprietes d'elimination des odeurs, et procede de preparation associe

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105191951A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2015-12-30 许自协 一种抑制松树脂溃疡病菌生长的化合物

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004084628A3 (fr) 2004-12-09

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