WO2004075599A1 - Reseau de communication optique sans contrainte d'espace - Google Patents

Reseau de communication optique sans contrainte d'espace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004075599A1
WO2004075599A1 PCT/GB2004/000666 GB2004000666W WO2004075599A1 WO 2004075599 A1 WO2004075599 A1 WO 2004075599A1 GB 2004000666 W GB2004000666 W GB 2004000666W WO 2004075599 A1 WO2004075599 A1 WO 2004075599A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
node
data transmission
data
nodes
transmitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/000666
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jamieson Leigh Christmas
Original Assignee
Alps Electric (Uk) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alps Electric (Uk) Ltd filed Critical Alps Electric (Uk) Ltd
Priority to EP04712099A priority Critical patent/EP1595426A1/fr
Publication of WO2004075599A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004075599A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0066—Provisions for optical burst or packet networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0026—Construction using free space propagation (e.g. lenses, mirrors)

Definitions

  • This invention relates to networks. In particularly, but not exclusively, it relates to data or communications networks such as local area networks or wider networks. It may relate to networks in local neighbourhood or dwellings or workplaces which require connections to a wider network such as the Internet, television transmission network or other systems.
  • the present invention arose in an attempt to provide an improved network.
  • a data or communication network comprising a plurality of nodes each equipped with at least one optical transmitter and at least one optical receiver, the transmitter being adapted to transmit data optically to a receiver on another node and means at each node for receiving and/or transmitting data to or from its associated transmitter and receiver to a display or processing unit.
  • a data network comprising a mesh of optical transmitters and receivers.
  • each node is provided with two or more transmitters and two or more receivers.
  • a router is associated with each node and data is passed through the router and routed out to a transmitter if the data is not intended for use at that node and to a data terminal at that node if the data is intended for that node.
  • one or more of the nodes are connected to a remote communications system, for example, an Internet backbone.
  • a remote communications system for example, an Internet backbone.
  • the invention enables singles intended for any one node to be transmitted across any combination of nodes to be transmitted from the backbone to that particular node, or from one node to another, via one or more intermediate notes.
  • the apparatus further includes a self-healing routing mechanism which enables a transmitter at each node to transmit data to a desired receiver depending upon the ultimate route of the message and for dynamically altering the path in the event of node failures or alterations in node topology.
  • each transmitter and/or receiver is steerable in order firstly that it may receive an optimum quality signal or transmitter optimum quality signal and also so that in the event that a link or node is functional, a transmitter or receiver can be steered so as to transmit or receive signals from an alternative node.
  • the self healing and or steering functions of the transmitters and receivers may apply to systems using other than optical transmission.
  • the invention further provides a data transmission system comprising a mesh of nodes, and means for transmitting data between the nodes, including a routing mechanism which enables a transmitter at each node to transmit data to a desired receiver depending upon the ultimate route of the message and for dynamically altering the path in the event of node failures or alterations in node topology.
  • the invention further provides a data transmission system, or network, comprising any one or more of the novel features described herein.
  • Figure 1 shows an arrangement of nodes in a data transmission system
  • Figure 2 shows a transmitter/receiver assembly
  • Figure 3 shows a routing apparatus at a node
  • Figure 4 shows a node arrangement
  • Figure 5 shows a network.
  • the present invention relates, in part, to a network, in particular an optical network, for use in transmitting data.
  • the network may be used to transmit electronic data and information to or from users terminal which is intended for, or arrives from, the Internet or may be used for the transmission of other types of signal such as television signals, or even closed circuit signal or telephone/video phone calls.
  • Figure 1 shows a network of nodes la, lb, lc ... lh. These are houses or other dwellings or any other type of node at which Internet access is required for example.
  • a data terminal which could be a computer, digital television set or other terminals.
  • This is connected to at least one receiver and transmitter, preferably at least two receivers and transmitters of optical signal at the node.
  • the transmitters and receivers are adapted to transmit and receiver modulated optical radiation.
  • the radiation is in the infrared band and may typically be of carrier frequency about 1550 to 1570 nm. They are mounted on the side, roof or other position on each building which forms a node so that communication transmitters and receivers are in direct line of site.
  • the optical transmission is substantially unaffected by weather conditions such as rain or fog.
  • Data transmission between the receivers and transmitters is effected by modulating a carrier signal and preferred examples of modulation are described further below.
  • the nodes are arranged in a mesh network so that signals passing between one of them and any other them passes through the mesh between the two nodes. For instance, a message from node la to node lh will pass through node lb, lc and then lh. Note that in the event that any of these transmission paths are blocked or not functioning at any time, there is an alternative path from node la to Id to le to lc, lb and then to lh.
  • the transmission and reception paths are not necessarily bi-directional. That is, a signal passes from la to lb in just one step. However, a return signal from lb to la must through lh, lg, If, Id, le and then back to la.
  • the likely bandwidth is very high. Indeed, a bandwidth at least 600 Mb/sec, for example 622 Mb/sec is quite possible.
  • node lh is provided with a connection 2 to an external data network, ie typically the Internet, a digital television feed, or so on.
  • an external data network ie typically the Internet, a digital television feed, or so on.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a module which may house the transmitters and receivers at each node.
  • two transmitters 3 and 4 are provided and two receivers 5 and 6. They are mounted within a housing 7 which is secured in this case to the side of a building at a position where it is in direct line of sight with other associated receivers and transmitters from other nodes.
  • the transmitters at least, and preferably also the receivers are steerable.
  • the transmitter may be any sort of optical transmitter capable of producing a powerful enough signal to be received at a transmitter that may be situated from a few meters to a few hundred meters or even further. Plus, preferably, the transmitter comprise laser diodes and, as discussed, the preferred wavelength is roundabout 1550 nanometers.
  • this wavelength is that it substantially unaffected by weather conditions such as fog, mist, rain and also the radiation is absorbed by the human retina and so does not reach the back of the eye. Therefore, if the output from a laser is inadvertently directed at a person, it will not be dangerous. As discussed, with this type of optical radiation, a modulation rate and therefore data rate or bandwidth of at least 600 Mb is possible.
  • the transmitter and/or receiver By arranging for the transmitter and/or receiver to have as wide an area of transmission, (divergence) as possible, the effects of physical obstructions between a respective transmitter and receiver is reduced. For example, with a very narrow directional beam, a bird flying between the two may temporarily block transmission. With a more divergent beam, however, as long as a bird does not fill the entire transmission area, the signal should still be passed.
  • FIG. 3 shows part of the transmitting/receiving arrangement at each node.
  • a PC (personal computer) 12 or other terminal is situated at the node. This has an input 13 and output capable of receiving signals from and transmitting signals to the optical mesh.
  • each node in this example is provided with two receivers 3 and 4 and two transmitters 5 and 6. Each of these, together with a respective input and output from the PC out 14 and PC in 13 are provided to a router 16.
  • the router is able to transmit signals from any one of the three inputs 5, 6 and 14 to any of the three outputs.
  • the router includes look-up-table means 17 to enable it to do this. More details of a router are described in a co-pending application, filed concurrently.
  • IP address Internet address
  • PC Internet address
  • the look-up-table 17 at the router looks to see initially whether the package is intended for that node itself, ie for that IP address. If it is, then this packet is transmitted to the PC in port 13 and onto the PC for displaying or processing. If the packet is not destined for the PC, then it is routed to one of the two transmitters 3 and 4.
  • the look-up-table is provided with lists of the IP addresses of the remaining nodes in the local optical mesh (ie nodes la to lh in the example of Figure 1) and at any time contains details of the best route through the mesh to get to any one of the nodes.
  • transmitter Tx3 is considered to be the transmitter on the path between node la and lb and transmitter Tx4 is that which is directed towards node Id
  • transmitter Tx4 is that which is directed towards node Id
  • the signal will be routed through to TX3. If the ultimate destination is node Id, then the look-up-table provides an indication of this and the packet is routed through to TX4.
  • the transmission pass for this could either be via Id, le to lc or through lb, lh to lc.
  • three steps are necessary and so it could be routed through to either of these, although usually one of them will be given preference by the software or above the router 16.
  • the packet is destined for an external address on the Internet, ie has to go out through the Internet backbone or other Internet connection 2, then it has to reach node lh.
  • the easiest method in this case would be to transmit it through node lb and therefore the signal will be sent to transmitter 3.
  • the system periodically sends test signals out over the mesh and monitors the way that the signals are passed round the mesh so that if there are any changes to the mesh, eg one node goes down for any time or is blocked, then the system can generate a new look-up-table. This may be done at any desired interval. For example, if at any one time node lb is out of action then an alternative path to node lb must be found. This will, for example, be the path la to Id to le to lc to lb and so in this case the look-up- table and associated software in the route reprograms itself so that a packet intended lb is routed to Tx4, onto Id and through accordingly. Similarly, if new nodes are added to the system, the system can be made aware of these in a similar manner.
  • a mesh network includes sub-nodes Ni and N of an Internet network. Other nodes Na - Nn represent other addresses in the mesh. Each sub-node Ni and N 2 is provided with details of all addresses between it and the next sub-node and only Ni and N 2 communicate externally.
  • each node 'knows' a map of the local area (mesh).
  • a node upon connection, downloads a connection map. It then decides upon the best route, and may also consider data loading at the various addresses.
  • a router in the system may periodically check connections and update the maps. Thus, all nodes may be provided with updatable maps.
  • only one or more 'master' nodes are provided with a map. All data is then sent to this node which then decides upon the best route.
  • a system may further comprise steerable receivers and/or transmitters, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the transmitter is able to be steered so that it can then lock on to a receiver at another node.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a situation in which a node In is 'connected' initially to receive signals from two nodes lo and lp and to transmit to two nodes lq and lr. If lq is out of action, or the path between In and lq is broken for any reason, then the transmitter at one end may be steered to try to find a further receiver. It may find a new receiver at node Is and thus set up the new directional path P shown in the figure. This same method can be used if a new node is added to an existing mesh.
  • the transmitter at In may also be rotated further so it can communicate with a receiver at any other node or even with nodes lo or lp with which it receives signals, and so on. This may be termed 'self-healing'.
  • a node is blocked for a very short time, then this may only be a temporary obstruction. If for a longer time period, then the system may be arranged to try to steer one or more of its transmitters after a predetermined time period has elapsed in order to try to find an alternative receiver.
  • a series of test signals may be passed around the mesh to determine the paths by which signals are transmitted and therefore to establish a new look-up-table which establishes the desired and most effective route from any one node to any other node, or from the Internet connection point 2 to and from any node.
  • the methods for software or hardware based self-routing may be done with systems other than optical ones. Steering can also be useful to gain the best quality signal. In this case, a transmitter can be rotated slightly to obtain the best quality signal from a receiver.
  • optical means to transmit data is well-known in itself and involves modulation of an optical carrier frequency.
  • many different modulation methods may be used. This may be amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation or many others.
  • a bandwidth of at least 600 MB is obtained in embodiments of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau de transmission de données comprenant un maillage de noeuds comportant des émetteurs et des récepteurs optiques. Les données sont transmises entre les noeuds par des diodes laser sur porteuses optiques modulées. L'invention permet d'obtenir des bandes passantes élevées dans des réseaux maillés optiques locaux. L'invention concerne également des techniques d'auto-cicatrisation intelligentes.
PCT/GB2004/000666 2003-02-22 2004-02-18 Reseau de communication optique sans contrainte d'espace WO2004075599A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04712099A EP1595426A1 (fr) 2003-02-22 2004-02-18 Reseau de communication optique sans contrainte d'espace

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0304043A GB2398684A (en) 2003-02-22 2003-02-22 Optical line of sight (LOS) mesh network
GB0304043.3 2003-02-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004075599A1 true WO2004075599A1 (fr) 2004-09-02

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PCT/GB2004/000666 WO2004075599A1 (fr) 2003-02-22 2004-02-18 Reseau de communication optique sans contrainte d'espace

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EP (1) EP1595426A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2398684A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004075599A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010109388A1 (fr) 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V. Noeud maillé pour la structure de réseau de communication maillé d'un système de commande en réseau
US8935426B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2015-01-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Routing messages over a network of interconnected devices of a networked control system

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004034347B4 (de) * 2004-07-15 2007-06-14 Lamprecht, Jürgen, Prof. Dr.med. Verfahren zum Übermitteln von Informationen zwischen in Sichtweite befindlichen Personen

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WO1997037445A1 (fr) * 1996-03-29 1997-10-09 Dominion Communications, L.L.C. Reseau de telecommunications a grande distance de point a multipoint par transmission laser atmospherique a travers un routeur optique distant
WO2000004660A2 (fr) * 1998-07-16 2000-01-27 Terabeam Networks, Inc. Systeme de communication optique qui transmet et reçoit des donnees par l'espace libre
WO2002073845A2 (fr) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-19 Lightpointe Communications, Inc. Reseau de communication optique en espace libre

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US6049593A (en) * 1997-01-17 2000-04-11 Acampora; Anthony Hybrid universal broadband telecommunications using small radio cells interconnected by free-space optical links
GB2327020A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-06 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M A self-healing meshed network
EP0969621A3 (fr) * 1998-06-30 2003-07-16 Nortel Networks Limited Réseau de communication optique à échelle possédant un réseau de base de transport optique entièrement en trellis
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WO1997037445A1 (fr) * 1996-03-29 1997-10-09 Dominion Communications, L.L.C. Reseau de telecommunications a grande distance de point a multipoint par transmission laser atmospherique a travers un routeur optique distant
WO2000004660A2 (fr) * 1998-07-16 2000-01-27 Terabeam Networks, Inc. Systeme de communication optique qui transmet et reçoit des donnees par l'espace libre
WO2002073845A2 (fr) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-19 Lightpointe Communications, Inc. Reseau de communication optique en espace libre

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ACAMPORA A ET AL: "UNINET: A HYBRID APPROACH FOR UNIVERSAL BROADBAND ACCESS USING SMALL RADIO CELLS INTERCONNECTED BY FREE-SPACE OPTICAL LINKS", IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, IEEE INC. NEW YORK, US, vol. 16, no. 6, 1 August 1998 (1998-08-01), pages 973 - 987, XP000777964, ISSN: 0733-8716 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8935426B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2015-01-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Routing messages over a network of interconnected devices of a networked control system
US9473393B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2016-10-18 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Routing messages over a network of interconnected devices of a networked control system
WO2010109388A1 (fr) 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V. Noeud maillé pour la structure de réseau de communication maillé d'un système de commande en réseau
CN102365831A (zh) * 2009-03-26 2012-02-29 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于联网的控制系统的通信网状网络结构的网格节点

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2398684A (en) 2004-08-25
EP1595426A1 (fr) 2005-11-16
GB0304043D0 (en) 2003-03-26

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