WO2004073359A1 - Fail-safe lighting system - Google Patents

Fail-safe lighting system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004073359A1
WO2004073359A1 PCT/GB2004/000498 GB2004000498W WO2004073359A1 WO 2004073359 A1 WO2004073359 A1 WO 2004073359A1 GB 2004000498 W GB2004000498 W GB 2004000498W WO 2004073359 A1 WO2004073359 A1 WO 2004073359A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lighting apparatus
lighting
lamp
signal
pair
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/000498
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrew Leaf
Stephen Cooper
Original Assignee
Andrew Leaf
Stephen Cooper
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andrew Leaf, Stephen Cooper filed Critical Andrew Leaf
Publication of WO2004073359A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004073359A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/04—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders with provision for changing light source, e.g. turret
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
    • H05B39/10—Circuits providing for substitution of the light source in case of its failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H05B47/29—Circuits providing for substitution of the light source in case of its failure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a novel Hghting apparatus, a novel lighting system and a novel method of lighting, eg. street lighting.
  • Conventionally known street lighting systems comprise, inter alia, a lamp, an ignitor, a ballast, a capacitor and a fuse. Such lamps may also include a time switch and/or a photoelectric cell.
  • German Patent Application No. DE 29720964 describes a ballast device for switching electric loads when a deviation in the current of the first load is detected.
  • a lighting apparatus which comprises a pair of single lamps characterised in that the light spread of the lighting apparatus is substantially constant.
  • the lighting apparatus may comprise a pair of single lamps which are in a fixed position adjacent to one another.
  • Such an apparatus may therefore also include one or more of a pair of ignitors, a pair of ballasts, a pair of capacitors and/ ⁇ r a pair of fuses.
  • the apparatus comprises a complete back up system and a switching element which is capable of switching current from a first component to a second component when a deviation at least one . parameter is detected.
  • the deviation detected may vary and may be, for example, voltage, current, heat, light or other such parameters.
  • a unique lamp reflector and/or diffuser or bowl which enables the light spread to remain substantially constant.
  • the light spread may be maintained substantially constant by mechanical means.
  • mechanical means may comprise means for retaining a first lamp in a first "lighting" position and a second lamp in a second "reserve” position.
  • Such means is therefore adapted to enable the second lamp to ' be urged into a lighting position upon failure of the first lamp.
  • a hghting assembly which comprises a pair of single lamps as hereinbefore described characterised in that the light spread of the lighting apparatus is substantially constant.
  • a solenoid may be utilised to retain the first lamp on the lighting position. Upon failure of the lamp, the solenoid is activated such that the first lamp may be displaced by the second lamp.
  • the second lamp may be constantly urged or biassed towards a lighting position. However, such position being prevented by the first lamp operably linked to a . solenoid.
  • any conventionally known biassing means may be used, for example a spring biassing means.
  • the apparatus may also include means for providing a signal when one or more of the components has failed.
  • the signal may relate to the failure of any component, but it is preferably a signal relating to the failure of a lamp.
  • Any conventionally known signal may be utilised, ''e.g. an electronic signal to a master computer or, preferably, a visual signal.
  • the system may also include at least one sensor which may sense the presence of absence of an electrical power supply to the equipment and/or another sensor may sense voltage or current at a selected position with the equipment and/or another sensor may comprise a light sensitive means to detect light/heat or the absence of light/heat which may be produced by the equipment. At least one of the sensors may operate in conjunction with a timer.
  • One or more sensors may be used in any of the lighting apparatus of the invention whether they operate a back-up system which is electrical or mechanical in nature.
  • the sensor(s) may optionally provide a signal to control circuit which determines which, if any, of the sensors are sensing a faulty operational state.
  • signal shall be construed as including, for example, the disruption of an otherwise constant signal, a positive signal which is initiated only when the faulty operational state is sensed or a signal the magnitude of which changes a predetermined amount in response to a faulty operational state being sensed.
  • the control circuit may, optionally, include a memory which stores information derived from the sensors.
  • control circuit may be connected to a transmitter circuit which transmits a signal to, e.g. a remote computer.
  • the signal may be transmitted down existing wire networks,
  • the ulti, e.g. dual, lamp assembly of the present invention need not be limited to street lighting. Any environment where a "fail safe" light system is necessary may utilise the invention, for example, tunnel lighting, mine lighting, operating theatre, etc. However, a street lighting assembly is most preferred. Furthermore, the street light assembly of the invention may such as is mounted on a lamp post, e.g. above a public thoroughfare, an illuminated sign such as a traffic sign which may be mounted on a post or a frame or on a building or in a bollard, etc.
  • the assembly of the inventions permits a unique method of ranning, e.g. a city lighting scheme which avoids the need for regular maintenance, thus operators need only be required to maintain the apparatus when failure of a component has occurred. (i) monitoring a signal transmitted to a remote computer; and (ii) conducting maintenance of the apparatus on a non-regular basis and only when the signal indicates failure of a component.
  • figure 1 is a schematic representation of a mechanical apparatus of the invention.
  • a lighting apparatus (1) comprises a first lamp assembly (2), in a lighting position, and a second lamp assembly (3).
  • the first lamp assembly (2) comprises a first lamp (4) and a reflector (5).
  • the first lamp assembly (2) is provided with a solenoid (6).
  • the second lamp assembly (3) is displaced from the lighting position and comprises a second lamp (7) and reflector (8).
  • the second lamp assembly (3) is operably linked to the first lamp assembly (2) via a fulcrum (9).
  • the second lamp assembly (3) is provided with a spring (10) which urges the second assembly (3) into a lighting position.
  • the first lamp assembly (2) In use the first lamp assembly (2) is positioned in a lighting position and is retained in. such a position by the use of a solenoid (6). When the first lamp (4) fails, the solenoid (6) is activated allowing the first (2) and second lamp assemblies (3) to rotate about the fulcrum (9), thus displacing the first lamp assembly (2) and moving the second lamp assembly (3) into a lighting position.

Abstract

A fail-safe lighting apparatus, in particular for street lighting, and its use. The use of a sensor to determine the failure of a component in a lighting assembly. A method whereby a signal transmitted to a remote computer is monitored and maintenance of a lighting apparatus is conducted only when the signal indicates failure of a component. In the illustrated embodiment, a lighting apparatus (1) comprises a first lamp assembly (2) with a first lamp (4) and a reflector (5), and a second lamp assembly (3) with a second lamp (7) and a reflector (8). A spring (10) urges the second lamp assembly (3) into a lighting position. In use, the first lamp assembly (2) is positioned in a lighting position by the use of a solenoid (6). When the first lamp (4) fails, the solenoid is activated allowing the first (2) and second (3) lamp assemblies to rotate about the fulcrum (9), thus displacing the first lamp assembly (2) and moving the second lamp assembly (3) into a lighting position.

Description

Lighting System
This invention relates to a novel Hghting apparatus, a novel lighting system and a novel method of lighting, eg. street lighting.
Conventionally known street lighting systems comprise, inter alia, a lamp, an ignitor, a ballast, a capacitor and a fuse. Such lamps may also include a time switch and/or a photoelectric cell.
One problem with conventionally known street lighting systems is the cost of maintenance. The failure of one or more streets, if unrepaired can result in, for example, a council or local authority, being liable in the event that any accidents, injuries or other misfortune occur. In view of this, the practice of those responsible for street lighting systems is to have a regular maintenance regime in which, for example, the lamp, and other parts are replaced after use over a given period of time. By way of illustration, high pressure lamps are replaced every three years. However, not only is this costly in terms of labour or manpower involved, but a lamp may have an actual lifetime of up to seven or more years. Thus, after, for example, a lamp may be discarded even though it may have many more years of valuable lifetime remaining. In addition, recently, environmental legislation has meant that, for example, lamps, which may contain sodium or mercury metals, must be disposed of at special sites. Thus the cost of disposal is high.
Therefore, there is an increasing need to provide a system which overcomes or mitigates the disadvantage of existing systems.
German Patent Application No. DE 29720964 describes a ballast device for switching electric loads when a deviation in the current of the first load is detected.
Whilst the disclosure of DE 2972.0964 goes some way to addressing the problems of the prior art, certain disadvantages remain. Street lamps in particular are carefully positioned so that the 'light spread' cast by the lamp covers, for example, the pavement, the kerb and the adjacent portion of the roadside. With a ballast switching device, such as described in DE 29720964, when a second load takes over from the first load, the light spread is altered.
Further attempts have been made to address this by use of a dual filament lamp. However, dual filament lamps are expensive and there is essentially no cost saving.
We have now surprisingly found a novel apparatus which overcomes or mitigates the problems of prior art systems .
Thus, according to the invention we provide a lighting apparatus which comprises a pair of single lamps characterised in that the light spread of the lighting apparatus is substantially constant.'
The constant light spread may be achieved in a variety of ways which are novel per se. ' Thus, for example, the lighting apparatus may comprise a pair of single lamps which are in a fixed position adjacent to one another. Such an apparatus, may therefore also include one or more of a pair of ignitors, a pair of ballasts, a pair of capacitors and/όr a pair of fuses. Thus, the apparatus comprises a complete back up system and a switching element which is capable of switching current from a first component to a second component when a deviation at least one . parameter is detected. The deviation detected may vary and may be, for example, voltage, current, heat, light or other such parameters. However, when the pair of lamps are in a fixed adjacent position, a unique lamp reflector and/or diffuser or bowl which enables the light spread to remain substantially constant.
However, according to an alternative aspect of the invention, the light spread may be maintained substantially constant by mechanical means. Thus, for example, such mechanical means may comprise means for retaining a first lamp in a first "lighting" position and a second lamp in a second "reserve" position. Such means is therefore adapted to enable the second lamp to' be urged into a lighting position upon failure of the first lamp.
According to a further aspect of the invention we provide a hghting assembly which comprises a pair of single lamps as hereinbefore described characterised in that the light spread of the lighting apparatus is substantially constant.
Thus in one or such embodiment, a solenoid may be utilised to retain the first lamp on the lighting position. Upon failure of the lamp, the solenoid is activated such that the first lamp may be displaced by the second lamp. In a preferred embodiment, the second lamp may be constantly urged or biassed towards a lighting position. However, such position being prevented by the first lamp operably linked to a . solenoid.
Thus, any conventionally known biassing means may be used, for example a spring biassing means.
According to a further aspect of the invention the apparatus may also include means for providing a signal when one or more of the components has failed. The signal may relate to the failure of any component, but it is preferably a signal relating to the failure of a lamp. Any conventionally known signal may be utilised, ''e.g. an electronic signal to a master computer or, preferably, a visual signal. Thus the system may also include at least one sensor which may sense the presence of absence of an electrical power supply to the equipment and/or another sensor may sense voltage or current at a selected position with the equipment and/or another sensor may comprise a light sensitive means to detect light/heat or the absence of light/heat which may be produced by the equipment. At least one of the sensors may operate in conjunction with a timer.
One or more sensors may be used in any of the lighting apparatus of the invention whether they operate a back-up system which is electrical or mechanical in nature. In each case, the sensor(s) may optionally provide a signal to control circuit which determines which, if any, of the sensors are sensing a faulty operational state. It will be appreciated that the term "signal" shall be construed as including, for example, the disruption of an otherwise constant signal, a positive signal which is initiated only when the faulty operational state is sensed or a signal the magnitude of which changes a predetermined amount in response to a faulty operational state being sensed.
'' The control circuit may, optionally, include a memory which stores information derived from the sensors.
Furthermore, the control circuit may be connected to a transmitter circuit which transmits a signal to, e.g. a remote computer. Alternatively, the signal may be transmitted down existing wire networks,
It will be well understood by those skilled in the art that the ulti, e.g. dual, lamp assembly of the present invention need not be limited to street lighting. Any environment where a "fail safe" light system is necessary may utilise the invention, for example, tunnel lighting, mine lighting, operating theatre, etc. However, a street lighting assembly is most preferred. Furthermore, the street light assembly of the invention may such as is mounted on a lamp post, e.g. above a public thoroughfare, an illuminated sign such as a traffic sign which may be mounted on a post or a frame or on a building or in a bollard, etc.
According to a further aspect of the invention we provide a method of providing a fail-safe lighting system which comprises the use of an apparatus or an assembly as hereinbefore described.
The assembly of the inventions permits a unique method of ranning, e.g. a city lighting scheme which avoids the need for regular maintenance, thus operators need only be required to maintain the apparatus when failure of a component has occurred. (i) monitoring a signal transmitted to a remote computer; and (ii) conducting maintenance of the apparatus on a non-regular basis and only when the signal indicates failure of a component.
According to a yet further aspect of the invention we provide the use of a sensor in a lighting assembly to determine the failure of a component in the assembly.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which' figure 1 is a schematic representation of a mechanical apparatus of the invention.
Referring to figure 1, a lighting apparatus (1) comprises a first lamp assembly (2), in a lighting position, and a second lamp assembly (3). The first lamp assembly (2) comprises a first lamp (4) and a reflector (5). The first lamp assembly (2) is provided with a solenoid (6). The second lamp assembly (3) is displaced from the lighting position and comprises a second lamp (7) and reflector (8). The second lamp assembly (3) is operably linked to the first lamp assembly (2) via a fulcrum (9).
The second lamp assembly (3) is provided with a spring (10) which urges the second assembly (3) into a lighting position.
In use the first lamp assembly (2) is positioned in a lighting position and is retained in. such a position by the use of a solenoid (6). When the first lamp (4) fails, the solenoid (6) is activated allowing the first (2) and second lamp assemblies (3) to rotate about the fulcrum (9), thus displacing the first lamp assembly (2) and moving the second lamp assembly (3) into a lighting position.

Claims

1. A hghting apparatus which comprises at least a pair of single lamps characterised in that the light spread of the lighting apparatus is substantially constant.
2. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that the lighting apparatus comprises a pair of single lamps which are in a fixed position adjacent to one another.
3. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that the apparatus comprises a complete back up system and a switching element which is capable of switching current from a first component to a second component when a deviation in the current is detected.
4. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 3 characterised in that the apparatus includes one or more of a pair of igniters, a pair of ballasts, a pair of capacitors and/or a pair of fuses.
5. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 3 characterised in that the apparatus comprises a unique lamp reflector and/or diffuser or bowl which enables the light spread to remain substantially constant.
6. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that the substantially constant light spread is maintained by mechanical means.
7. A lighting apparatus - according to Claim 6 characterised in that the mechanical means comprises means for retaining a first lamp in a first "lighting" position and a second lamp in a second "reserve" position.
8. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 7 characterised in that the mechanical means is adapted to enable the second lamp to be urged into a lighting position upon failure of the first lamp.
9. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 6 characterised in that a solenoid is utilised to retain the first lamp in the lighting position.
10. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 8 characterised in that the second lamp is constantly urged or biased towards a lighting position.
11. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 10 characterised in that the movement of the second lamp to the lighting position is prevented by the first lamp being operably linked to a solenoid.
12. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 10 characterised in that Thus, any . conventionally known biasing means may be used, for example a spring biasing means.
13. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that the apparatus includes means for providing a signal when one or more of the components have failed.
14. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 13 characterised in that the signal may relate to the failure of any component.
15. A lighting apparatus according to claim 14 characterised in that the signal relates to the failure of a lamp.
16. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that any conventionally known signal is utilised.
17. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 16 characterised in that the signal is an electronic signal. . .
18. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 17 characterised in that the signal is transmitted to a master computer.
19. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 13 characterised in that the signal is a visual signal.
20. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 13 characterised in that the system includes at least one sensor.
21. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 20 characterised in that the sensor is adapted to sense the presence of absence of an electrical power supply to the equipment and/or another sensor may sense voltage or current at a selected position with the equipment and/or another sensor may comprise a light sensitive means to detect light/heat or the absence of light/heat which may be produced by the equipment.
22. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 20 characterised in that the sensor operates in conjunction with a timer.
23. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that the apparatus comprises a control circuit which, optionally, includes a memory which stores information derived from the sensor.
24. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 23 characterised in that the control circuit is connected to a transmitter circuit which transmits a signal to a remote computer.
25. A lighting apparatus according to Claim 1 characterised in that the lighting apparatus comprises a street light assembly.
26. A lighting assembly which comprises a pair of single filament lamps as hereinbefore described characterised in that the light spread of the lighting apparatus is substantially constant.
27. A method of providing a fail-safe lighting system which comprises the use of an apparatus according to claim 1.
28. A method of providing a lighting system which comprises the use of an apparatus according to claim 1 and;
(i) monitoring a signal transmitted to a remote computer; and (ii) conducting maintenance of the apparatus on a non-regular basis and only when the signal indicates failure of a component.
29. The use of a sensor in a lighting assembly to determine the failure of a component in the assembly.
30. A sensor device substantially as described with reference to the accompanying examples.
PCT/GB2004/000498 2003-02-13 2004-02-11 Fail-safe lighting system WO2004073359A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0303258.8 2003-02-13
GBGB0303258.8A GB0303258D0 (en) 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Lighting system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004073359A1 true WO2004073359A1 (en) 2004-08-26

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PCT/GB2004/000498 WO2004073359A1 (en) 2003-02-13 2004-02-11 Fail-safe lighting system

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WO (1) WO2004073359A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2499400A (en) * 2012-02-14 2013-08-21 Michael Acris A light device
US8669717B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2014-03-11 Crs Electronics Exterior illumination and emergency signaling system and related methods

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB762217A (en) * 1954-03-29 1956-11-28 East Midlands Electricity Boar Improved electric lighting equipment
US3577173A (en) * 1969-01-10 1971-05-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Lamp failure detection and change device
US4961028A (en) * 1987-12-07 1990-10-02 Hayashi Tokei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Lighting equipment
EP0459090A1 (en) * 1990-05-29 1991-12-04 Erni Elektroapparate Gmbh Device for independent conservation of the continuity of light signals or similar lighting installations
GB2341017A (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-01 George Alan Limpkin Substituting defective light sources
US6494899B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2002-12-17 Respironics, Inc. Phototherapy system and method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB762217A (en) * 1954-03-29 1956-11-28 East Midlands Electricity Boar Improved electric lighting equipment
US3577173A (en) * 1969-01-10 1971-05-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Lamp failure detection and change device
US4961028A (en) * 1987-12-07 1990-10-02 Hayashi Tokei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Lighting equipment
EP0459090A1 (en) * 1990-05-29 1991-12-04 Erni Elektroapparate Gmbh Device for independent conservation of the continuity of light signals or similar lighting installations
GB2341017A (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-01 George Alan Limpkin Substituting defective light sources
US6494899B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2002-12-17 Respironics, Inc. Phototherapy system and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8669717B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2014-03-11 Crs Electronics Exterior illumination and emergency signaling system and related methods
GB2499400A (en) * 2012-02-14 2013-08-21 Michael Acris A light device

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