WO2004071689A1 - Apparatus for forming production parts under internal high-pressure conditions - Google Patents

Apparatus for forming production parts under internal high-pressure conditions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004071689A1
WO2004071689A1 PCT/EP2004/000383 EP2004000383W WO2004071689A1 WO 2004071689 A1 WO2004071689 A1 WO 2004071689A1 EP 2004000383 W EP2004000383 W EP 2004000383W WO 2004071689 A1 WO2004071689 A1 WO 2004071689A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
high pressure
pressure
internal high
plate
hydraulic cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/000383
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thoralf Nehls
Heinz-Rüdiger OTTE
Original Assignee
Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimlerchrysler Ag filed Critical Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority to CA002516115A priority Critical patent/CA2516115A1/en
Priority to EP04703357A priority patent/EP1592525A1/en
Priority to US10/545,664 priority patent/US20070137280A1/en
Publication of WO2004071689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004071689A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/039—Means for controlling the clamping or opening of the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/045—Closing or sealing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/003—Simultaneous forming, e.g. making more than one part per stroke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for hydroforming workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic device is known from DE 196 14 243 Cl. This describes a device in which a head plate and a base plate are connected to one another by guide columns. While these are anchored at their lower end in the base plate, they penetrate the head plate with their upper end in such a way that it can be moved vertically on the guide rods. Furthermore, lifting cylinders are arranged on the underside of the base plate, by means of which the head plate can be driven in the vertical direction via push rods attached to it.
  • the guide columns are intended to ensure that the lifting or lowering movement of the head plate takes place purely in the vertical direction when the forming tool is opened and closed, so that no transverse forces act on the lifting cylinders.
  • the internal high-pressure forming tool on which the upper die half forms a part, is penetrated by piston rods serving as tie rods, which can be driven by means of hydraulic cylinders with the formation of a tensile force.
  • piston rods serving as tie rods
  • a high pressure corresponding to the internal high pressure prevailing within the internal high pressure forming tool can be applied, so that the two die halves remain pressed against one another against the expanding effect of the internal high pressure.
  • a complex press as was customary in previously known devices for hydroforming, is eliminated.
  • the hydraulic cylinders of the actively working tie rods mentioned require a high volume flow when the forming tool is opened.
  • the closing process is due to the Moving a locking plate is very complex, whereby the grooves in it, which protrude through the piston rods of the tie rods, do not allow full and even contact pressure on the upper half of the die.
  • the mandatory handling of the locking plate also results in longer process times, which make the forming process uneconomical.
  • the conversion of the forming tool is difficult because the piston rods penetrate the tool.
  • different piston rods have to be manufactured for different tools, which leads to a considerable effort and investment.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a generic device in such a way that an economical internal high pressure forming process is made possible in a simple manner.
  • the carrier plate can be moved relative to the head plate in the lifting direction, it only requires a supporting means which is pushed into the gap between the top of the carrier plate and the head plate in the closed position of the forming tool, i.e. when the upper die half comes to rest on the lower one is and bridging the distance between the support plate and head plate. The distance must not change, of course, since otherwise the forming tool will open as a result of the internal high pressure spreading it apart.
  • the support means must therefore inevitably be designed in such a way that it adamantly counteracts the internal high pressure during the entire forming process, as a result of which the distance resulting in the closed position is maintained. In the support position, it is necessary that the support means cover the Tool covering surface of the carrier plate is applied in order to achieve a sufficiently good pressure on the carrier plate on the upper die half and thus on the two die halves.
  • both the design of the tie rods and that of the forming tool is simplified and independent of one another.
  • the forming tool can thus be converted or repaired without a corresponding adjustment of the tie rod design being necessary. Drove by eliminating the striker plate and a required for active spring tie rods pressure control and fluid supply simplifies not only the equipment but also the kinematics of the • opening and closing of the forming tool to be moved pieces of equipment, so that the processing time is shortened and the apparatus and financial Effort for the hydroforming process is considerably reduced, which makes it highly economical for workpieces of all kinds.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device according to the invention in the open position of the forming tool
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the device of Fig. 1 in the closed position of the forming tool.
  • a device 1 for hydroforming workpieces which comprises an hydroforming tool 2, which includes an upper die half 3 and a lower die half 4, the cavity 5 of which form the common engraving.
  • the forming tool 2 has means for Generation of a fluidic internal high pressure within the closed die, as well as axial rams 7 which can be moved by hydraulic cylinders 6, by means of which the inserted workpiece is sealed and, during the forming process, hollow profile material is optionally pushed into the engraving from the hollow profile ends.
  • the stamps 7 are arranged obliquely upwards.
  • the device comprises a device for applying the locking force for the internal high-pressure forming tool 2.
  • This device has column-like tie rods 8, by means of which the force flow circuit is closed during the forming process from the opening internal high pressure and counteracting closing force within the forming tool 2.
  • the tie rods 8 are firmly connected at one end to a head plate 9 of the device and at the other end to a base plate 10 of the device, on which base plate 10 the lower die half 4 is attached.
  • the tie rods 8 are thus arranged in a fixed manner and the head plate 9 is firmly positioned.
  • the base plate 10 can be floating so that no bending forces occur in the tie rods 8 that impair the durability of the tie rods 8.
  • tie rods 8 and the head plate 9 move in the direction of stroke
  • the tie rods 8 surround the forming tool 2 so that the resulting generous engagement space a particularly good accessibility to the tool 2 in particular for the unhindered handling of the workpiece when inserting and removing in or from the engraving of the tool 2 is achieved.
  • a support plate 11 is arranged with through openings on the edge, which are penetrated by the tie rods 8 with little play, whereby the Carrier plate 11 on the tie rods 8 is guided along a stroke.
  • the upper die half 3 of the forming tool 2 is fastened to the underside 12 of the carrier plate 11.
  • the carrier plate 11 can thus be moved relative to the head plate 9 in a stroke-movable manner.
  • the carrier plate 11 can be lifted and lowered by an external crane device, for example a manipulator or an external hydraulic cylinder - connected via guide rods - it is advantageous in terms of space savings if the lifting and lowering of the carrier plate 11 is performed by the operator Device itself from.
  • the device 1 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 13, which is centrally attached to the top 14 of the circular head plate 9 and in which a piston rod 15 is guided.
  • the end 16 protruding from the cylinder is connected to the carrier plate 11 via guide rods 17 fastened to the edge thereof, so that the latter can be moved in a stroke-movable manner.
  • several (here: three) horizontally projecting support arms 18 are arranged at the end 16 of the piston rod 15, which are offset symmetrically with respect to one another with respect to the central piston rod end 16 (here: by 120 °) and carry the vertically extending guide rods 17 at their free ends 19.
  • the support arms 18, cables and the like can also take over their function.
  • the device is furthermore coupled to a high-pressure source, via the high pressure of which the halves 3, 4 of the closed die can be pressed against one another during the internal high-pressure forming process and without whose influence the die halves 3, 4 would drift apart in the closed position without counteraction.
  • the device has a supporting means which can be inserted into the intermediate space 20 created in the closed state of the die (FIG. 2) between the lowered support plate 11 and the head plate 9, and the two plates 11 and 9 during the forming process supports each other while maintaining the distance between them.
  • the support means is formed by a second hydraulic cylinder 21 which operates on the plunger principle and which is connected to the high-pressure source.
  • a handling device 22 is integrated in the device 1, which is positioned externally of the device for applying the locking force and the forming tool 2, the support means, i.e. the hydraulic cylinder 21, being vertical on the handling device 22 and via a guide arm 23 is held horizontally movable according to the double arrows shown.
  • the handling device 22 is equipped for changing the position with driving means 24, which can be rollers or runners.
  • driving means 24 can be rollers or runners.
  • the handling device -22 is either variable via rollers or positively guided by means of the runners in cooperation with a rail system, so that the device can be used together with the second hydraulic cylinder 21 at different work stations.
  • the handling device 22 can also have a plurality of guide arms 23 for handling two or more hydraulic cylinders 21, so that a single device 22 can be used simultaneously in a plurality of surrounding work stations, each comprising an internal high-pressure forming tool 2 and a device for applying the locking force. It may also be necessary to insert more than one hydraulic cylinder 21 into the space 20 between the two plates 11 and 9.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 21 After lowering the support plate 11, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is thus pushed into the intermediate space 20 with play, after which it is subjected to a fluid pressure from the inside in its inserted position. As a result, a stamp of the cylinder 21 is extended, which bridges the game still existing until then.
  • the workpiece inserted into the forming tool 2 is placed under high internal pressure, the fluid pressure on the punch correspondingly correspondingly increases in order to prevent an undesired opening of the forming tool 2 which is diverging under the internal high pressure.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 21 forms the link in the force flow circuit of force exertion and force absorption that is open until the sliding position is taken up.
  • the pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is also released, after which its stamp moves into its non-use position.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 21 is then pulled out of the intermediate space 20 by means of the handling device 22 and the carrier plate 11 is raised by means of the first hydraulic cylinder 13, so that the finished workpiece can be removed and the engraving of the forming tool 2 can be coated with a next workpiece blank.
  • This sequence of work steps of the device 1 can be carried out very quickly due to its simplicity, which leads to very short cycle times of the entire manufacturing process without loss of quality on the finished workpiece.
  • the high-pressure source can be arranged separately from the means for generating the internal high pressure, the pressure exerted being greater than the internal high pressure, so that the tool halves 3, 4 remain pressed against one another during the forming.
  • the high-pressure source of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 also simultaneously forms the means for generating the high fluid pressure, as a result of which a separate pressure control for the hydraulic cylinder 21 is also eliminated, while simplifying the apparatus.
  • the internal high pressure corresponds to the locking pressure applied by the support means, the effective area of the support means being larger than the projected component area of the workpiece to be deformed. This also guarantees that the tool halves 3, 4 abut during the forming.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for forming production parts under internal high-pressure conditions, comprising an internal high-pressure forming tool (2) and a device for applying the locking force for the internal high-pressure forming tool (2). In order to easily permit an economical internal high-pressure forming process, the invention provides that a supporting plate (11), which supports the upper die half, can be displaced while being lifted relative to the top plate (9) of the apparatus. In addition, the device has a supporting means, which can be pushed into the space (20) that, when the die is closed, is formed between the lowered supporting plate (11) and the top plate (9) and supports both plates (9, 11) against one another during the forming process while maintaining the distance between these plates.

Description

Einrichtung zum Innenhochdruckumformen von Werkstücken Device for hydroforming workpieces
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Innenhochdruckumformen von Werkstücken gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for hydroforming workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine gattungsgemäße Einrichtung ist aus der DE 196 14 243 Cl bekannt. Darin ist eine Einrichtung beschrieben, bei der eine Kopfplatte und eine Grundplatte durch Führungssäulen miteinander verbunden sind. Während diese an ihrem unteren Ende in der Grundplatte -verankert sind, durchsetzen sie mit ihrem o- beren Ende derart die Kopfplatte, dass diese vertikal an den FührungsStangen verschiebbar ist. Des weiteren sind an der Unterseite der Grundplatte Hubzylinder angeordnet, mittels derer die Kopfplatte über an dieser befestigte Schubstangen in vertikaler Richtung antreibbar sind. Die Führungssäulen sollen bewirken, dass die Hub- bzw. Senkbewegung der Kopf- platte beim Öffnen und Schließen des Umformwerkzeuges rein in vertikaler Richtung erfolgt, so dass auf die Hubzylinder keine Querkräfte einwirken. Das Innenhochdruckumformwerkzeug, an dem die obere Matrizenhälfte einen Teil darstellt, ist von als Zuganker dienenden Kolbenstangen durchdrungen, welche mittels Hydraulikzylinder unter Ausbildung einer Zugkraft antreibbar sind. Hierbei kann ein dem innerhalb des Innen- hochdruckumformwerkzeuges herrschenden Innenhochdruck entsprechender Hochdruck aufgebracht werden, so dass die beiden Matrizenhälften entgegen der aufspreizenden Wirkung des Innenhochdruckes aneinander angepresst bleiben. Eine aufwendige Presse, wie sie bei bis dahin bekannten Vorrichtungen zum Innenhochdruckumformen üblich war, entfällt dabei. Die Hydraulikzylinder der erwähnten aktiv arbeitenden Zuganker erfordern jedoch einen hohen Volumenstrom beim Öffnen des Umformwerkzeuges. Des weiteren ist der Schließvorgang aufgrund der Verschiebung einer Schließplatte sehr komplex, wobei zusätzlich die in ihr vorhandenen Nuten, die die Kolbenstangen der Zuganker durchragen, keine vollflächige und gleichmäßige An- pressung an der oberen Matrizenhälfte ermöglichen. Durch die zwingend erforderliche Handhabung der Schließplatte ergeben sich auch längere Prozesszeiten, die das Umformverfahren unwirtschaftlich machen. Weiterhin ist die Umrüstung des Umformwerkzeuges schwierig, da die Kolbenstangen das Werkzeug durchsetzen. Außerdem sind für unterschiedliche Werkzeuge auch unterschiedliche Kolbenstangen zu fertigen, was zu einem erheblichen Aufbauaufwand und -invest führt .A generic device is known from DE 196 14 243 Cl. This describes a device in which a head plate and a base plate are connected to one another by guide columns. While these are anchored at their lower end in the base plate, they penetrate the head plate with their upper end in such a way that it can be moved vertically on the guide rods. Furthermore, lifting cylinders are arranged on the underside of the base plate, by means of which the head plate can be driven in the vertical direction via push rods attached to it. The guide columns are intended to ensure that the lifting or lowering movement of the head plate takes place purely in the vertical direction when the forming tool is opened and closed, so that no transverse forces act on the lifting cylinders. The internal high-pressure forming tool, on which the upper die half forms a part, is penetrated by piston rods serving as tie rods, which can be driven by means of hydraulic cylinders with the formation of a tensile force. In this case, a high pressure corresponding to the internal high pressure prevailing within the internal high pressure forming tool can be applied, so that the two die halves remain pressed against one another against the expanding effect of the internal high pressure. A complex press, as was customary in previously known devices for hydroforming, is eliminated. The hydraulic cylinders of the actively working tie rods mentioned, however, require a high volume flow when the forming tool is opened. Furthermore, the closing process is due to the Moving a locking plate is very complex, whereby the grooves in it, which protrude through the piston rods of the tie rods, do not allow full and even contact pressure on the upper half of the die. The mandatory handling of the locking plate also results in longer process times, which make the forming process uneconomical. Furthermore, the conversion of the forming tool is difficult because the piston rods penetrate the tool. In addition, different piston rods have to be manufactured for different tools, which leads to a considerable effort and investment.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Einrichtung dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass in einfacher Weise ein wirtschaftlicher Innenhochdruckumformprozess ermöglicht wird.The invention has for its object to develop a generic device in such a way that an economical internal high pressure forming process is made possible in a simple manner.
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Dank der Erfindung entfallen aktiv arbeitende Zuganker mit Hydraulikzylindern und Kolbenstangen ebenso wie die Schließplatte. Aufgrund dessen, dass die Trägerplatte zur Kopfplatte in Hubrichtung relativ verfahrbar ist, erfordert es lediglich eines Abstützmittels, das in Schließposition des Umformwerkzeuges, also wenn die obere Matrizenhälfte auf der unteren zu liegen kommt, in den Zwischenraum zwischen der Oberseite der Trägerplatte und der Kopfplatte hineingeschoben wird und dabei den Abstand zwischen Trägerplatte und Kopfplatte überbrückt. Dabei darf sich natürlich der Abstand nicht verändern, da sich sonst das Umformwerkzeug infolge des ihn aufspreizenden Innenhochdruckes öffnet. Das Abstützmittel muss daher zwangsläufig derart ausgebildet sein, dass es während des gesamten Umformprozesses dem Innenhochdruck unnachgiebig entgegenwirkt, wodurch der sich in der Schließposition ergebende Abstand gewahrt bleibt. In Abstützlage ist es geboten, dass das Abstützmittel möglichst vollflächig die das Umform- Werkzeug abdeckende Fläche der Trägerplatte beaufschlagt, um eine ausreichend gute Anpressung der Trägerplatte auf der o- beren Matrizenhälfte und somit der beiden Matrizenhälften zu erreichen.Thanks to the invention, actively working tie rods with hydraulic cylinders and piston rods, as well as the locking plate, are eliminated. Due to the fact that the carrier plate can be moved relative to the head plate in the lifting direction, it only requires a supporting means which is pushed into the gap between the top of the carrier plate and the head plate in the closed position of the forming tool, i.e. when the upper die half comes to rest on the lower one is and bridging the distance between the support plate and head plate. The distance must not change, of course, since otherwise the forming tool will open as a result of the internal high pressure spreading it apart. The support means must therefore inevitably be designed in such a way that it adamantly counteracts the internal high pressure during the entire forming process, as a result of which the distance resulting in the closed position is maintained. In the support position, it is necessary that the support means cover the Tool covering surface of the carrier plate is applied in order to achieve a sufficiently good pressure on the carrier plate on the upper die half and thus on the two die halves.
Da die Zuganker nicht mehr das Umformwerkzeug durchdringen müssen, sondern dieses umgeben, ist sowohl die Ausbildung der Zuganker als auch die des Umformwerkzeuges vereinfacht und voneinander unabhängig. Somit kann das Umformwerkzeug umgerüstet oder auch repariert werden, ohne dass auch eine entsprechende Anpassung der Zugankergestaltung notwendig wäre. Durch den Wegfall der Schließplatte und einer bei aktiv wirkenden Zugankern erforderlichen Drucksteuerung und Fluidzu- fuhr vereinfacht sich nicht nur die Einrichtung sondern auch die Kinematik der beim • Öffnen- und Schließen des Umformwerkzeuges zu bewegenden Einrichtungsteile, so dass die Prozesszeiten verkürzt und der apparative und finanzielle Aufwand für den Innenhochdruckumformprozess erheblich reduziert wird, wodurch dieser für Werkstücke aller Art eine hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit erlangt.Since the tie rods no longer have to penetrate the forming tool, but surround it, both the design of the tie rods and that of the forming tool is simplified and independent of one another. The forming tool can thus be converted or repaired without a corresponding adjustment of the tie rod design being necessary. Drove by eliminating the striker plate and a required for active spring tie rods pressure control and fluid supply simplifies not only the equipment but also the kinematics of the • opening and closing of the forming tool to be moved pieces of equipment, so that the processing time is shortened and the apparatus and financial Effort for the hydroforming process is considerably reduced, which makes it highly economical for workpieces of all kinds.
Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung können den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden; im übrigen ist die Erfindung anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbei- spieles nachfolgend näher erläutert; dabei zeigt:Expedient embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims; otherwise, the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings; shows:
Fig. 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung in Öffnungsstellung des Umformwerkzeuges,1 is a perspective view of a device according to the invention in the open position of the forming tool,
Fig. 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht die Einrichtung aus Fig. 1 in Schließstellung des Umformwerkzeuges.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the device of Fig. 1 in the closed position of the forming tool.
In Fig. 1 ist eine Einrichtung 1 zum Innenhochdruckumformen von Werkstücken dargestellt, welche ein Innenhochdruckumform- werkzeug 2 umfasst, das eine obere Matrizenhälfte 3 und eine untere Matrizenhälfte 4 beinhaltet, deren Hohlraum 5 die gemeinsame Gravur bilden. Das Umformwerkzeug 2 weist Mittel zur Erzeugung eines fluidischen Innenhochdruckes innerhalb der geschlossenen Matrize sowie durch Hydraulikzylinder 6 verfahrbare Axialstempel 7 auf, mittels letzteren das eingelegte Werkstück abgedichtet und während der Umformung gegebenenfalls Hohlprofilmaterial von den Hohlprofilenden her in die Gravur hinein nachgeschoben wird. Die Stempel 7 sind hier schräg nach oben weisend angeordnet . Des weiteren umfasst die Einrichtung eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zuhaltekraft für das Innenhochdruckumformwerkzeug 2. Diese Vorrichtung besitzt säulenartige Zuganker 8, über die der Kraftflusskreis beim Umformvorgang aus öffnend wirksamem Innenhochdruck und entgegenwirkender Schließkraft innerhalb des Umformwerkzeuges 2 geschlossen ist. Die Zuganker 8 "sind einenends mit einer Kopfplatte 9 der Vorrichtung fest verbunden und anderenends an einer Grundplatte 10 der Vorrichtung befestigt , - an welcher Grundplatte 10 die untere Matrizenhälfte 4 angebracht ist. Somit sind die Zuganker 8 feststehend angeordnet und die Kopfplatte 9 fest positioniert. Als -Variante dazu können die Zugankerenden in der Kopfplatte 9... und der Grundplatte 10 schwimmend gelagert sein, so dass in den Zugankern 8 keine Biegekräfte auftreten, die die Haltbarkeit der Zuganker 8 beeinträchtigen. Dies vereinfacht den Aufbau und die Steuerung der Einrichtung 1 und minimiert den Verschleiß der Vorrichtung gegenüber einer Variante, bei der sich die Zuganker 8 und die Kopfplatte 9 in Hubrichtung bewegen. Des weiteren ist die Zugaufnahme während der Innenhochdruckumformung durch den starren oder schwimmenden Aufbau der Zuganker 8 und der Kopf- platte 9 einfach und prozesssicher. Die Zuganker 8 umgeben dabei das Umformwerkzeug 2, so dass durch den entstehenden großzügigen Eingriffsraum eine besonders gute Zugänglichkeit zum Werkzeug 2 insbesondere für das ungehinderte Handling des Werkstückes beim Einlegen und Entnehmen in bzw. aus der Gravur des Werkzeuges 2 erzielt wird.1 shows a device 1 for hydroforming workpieces, which comprises an hydroforming tool 2, which includes an upper die half 3 and a lower die half 4, the cavity 5 of which form the common engraving. The forming tool 2 has means for Generation of a fluidic internal high pressure within the closed die, as well as axial rams 7 which can be moved by hydraulic cylinders 6, by means of which the inserted workpiece is sealed and, during the forming process, hollow profile material is optionally pushed into the engraving from the hollow profile ends. The stamps 7 are arranged obliquely upwards. Furthermore, the device comprises a device for applying the locking force for the internal high-pressure forming tool 2. This device has column-like tie rods 8, by means of which the force flow circuit is closed during the forming process from the opening internal high pressure and counteracting closing force within the forming tool 2. The tie rods 8 " are firmly connected at one end to a head plate 9 of the device and at the other end to a base plate 10 of the device, on which base plate 10 the lower die half 4 is attached. The tie rods 8 are thus arranged in a fixed manner and the head plate 9 is firmly positioned. As a variant of this, the tie rod ends in the top plate 9... And the base plate 10 can be floating so that no bending forces occur in the tie rods 8 that impair the durability of the tie rods 8. This simplifies the construction and control of the device 1 and minimizes the wear of the device compared to a variant in which the tie rods 8 and the head plate 9 move in the direction of stroke The tie rods 8 surround the forming tool 2 so that the resulting generous engagement space a particularly good accessibility to the tool 2 in particular for the unhindered handling of the workpiece when inserting and removing in or from the engraving of the tool 2 is achieved.
Unterhalb der Kopfplatte 9 ist eine Trägerplatte 11 mit rand- seitigen Durchgangsöffnungen angeordnet, welche von den Zugankern 8 mit geringem Spiel durchragt werden, wodurch die Trägerplatte 11 an den Zugankern 8 entlang hubbeweglich geführt ist. An der Unterseite 12 der Trägerplatte 11 ist die obere Matrizenhälfte 3 des Umformwerkzeuges 2 befestigt. Die Trägerplatte 11 ist somit relativ zur Kopfplatte 9 hubbeweglich verfahrbar. Obwohl die Trägerplatte 11 von einem extern der Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zuhaltekraft angeordneten beispielsweise kranartigen Manipulator oder von einem externen Hydraulikzylinder - über Führungsstangen verbunden - gehoben und gesenkt werden kann, ist es hinsichtlich der Bauraumersparnis vorteilhaft, wenn das Heben und Senken der Trägerplatte 11 von der Vorrichtung selbst aus erfolgt. Dazu beinhaltet die Einrichtung 1 einen ersten Hydraulikzylinder 13, der an der Oberseite 14 der kreisrunden Kopfplätte 9 zentrisch befestigt ist und in dem eine Kolbenstange 15 geführt ist. Deren aus dem Zylinder ragendes Ende 16 ist mit der Trägerplatte 11 über an dieser randseitig befestigte Führungsstangen 17 verbunden, so dass diese hubbeweglich verfahrbar ist. Zur gleichmäßigen Belastung des Hydraulikzylinders 13 und um keine Verkantung in der Hubbewegung zu erhalten, sind am Ende 16 der Kolbenstange 15 mehrere (hier: drei) horizontal abragende Tragearme 18 angeordnet, welche bezüglich des mittigen Kolbenstangenendes 16 in Umfangsriehtung zueinander symmetrisch versetzt (hier: um 120°) sind und an ihren freien Enden 19 die vertikal verlaufenden FührungsStangen 17 tragen. Anstelle der Tragarme 18 können auch Seilzüge und dgl. deren Funktion übernehmen.Below the head plate 9, a support plate 11 is arranged with through openings on the edge, which are penetrated by the tie rods 8 with little play, whereby the Carrier plate 11 on the tie rods 8 is guided along a stroke. The upper die half 3 of the forming tool 2 is fastened to the underside 12 of the carrier plate 11. The carrier plate 11 can thus be moved relative to the head plate 9 in a stroke-movable manner. Although the carrier plate 11 can be lifted and lowered by an external crane device, for example a manipulator or an external hydraulic cylinder - connected via guide rods - it is advantageous in terms of space savings if the lifting and lowering of the carrier plate 11 is performed by the operator Device itself from. For this purpose, the device 1 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 13, which is centrally attached to the top 14 of the circular head plate 9 and in which a piston rod 15 is guided. The end 16 protruding from the cylinder is connected to the carrier plate 11 via guide rods 17 fastened to the edge thereof, so that the latter can be moved in a stroke-movable manner. For uniform loading of the hydraulic cylinder 13 and in order not to get any tilting in the lifting movement, several (here: three) horizontally projecting support arms 18 are arranged at the end 16 of the piston rod 15, which are offset symmetrically with respect to one another with respect to the central piston rod end 16 (here: by 120 °) and carry the vertically extending guide rods 17 at their free ends 19. Instead of the support arms 18, cables and the like can also take over their function.
Die Vorrichtung ist des weiteren mit einer Hochdruckquelle gekoppelt, über deren Hochdruck die Hälften 3,4 der geschlossenen Matrize während des Innenhochdruckumformvorgangs aneinander anpressbar sind und ohne deren Einfluss die Matrizenhälften 3,4 in der Schließlage ohne Gegenwirkung auseinanderdriften würden. Erfindungsgemäß weist die Vorrichtung ein Abstützmittel auf, das in den im Schließzustand der Matrize (Fig. 2) zwischen der abgesenkten Trägerplatte 11 und der Kopfplatte 9 entstehenden Zwischenraum 20 einschiebbar ist und die beiden Platten 11 und 9 während des Umformvorgangs unter Wahrung des Abstandes zwischen diesen gegeneinander abstützt. In einfacher Weise wird das Abstützmittel durch einen zweiten nach dem Plungerprinzip arbeitenden Hydraulikzylinder 21 gebildet, der an die Hochdruckquelle angeschlossen ist.The device is furthermore coupled to a high-pressure source, via the high pressure of which the halves 3, 4 of the closed die can be pressed against one another during the internal high-pressure forming process and without whose influence the die halves 3, 4 would drift apart in the closed position without counteraction. According to the invention, the device has a supporting means which can be inserted into the intermediate space 20 created in the closed state of the die (FIG. 2) between the lowered support plate 11 and the head plate 9, and the two plates 11 and 9 during the forming process supports each other while maintaining the distance between them. In a simple manner, the support means is formed by a second hydraulic cylinder 21 which operates on the plunger principle and which is connected to the high-pressure source.
Zur einfachen Handhabung des Hydraulikzylinders 21 ist in die Einrichtung 1 eine Handlingvorrichtung 22 integriert, die extern der Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zuhaltekraft und des Umformwerkzeuges 2 positioniert ist, wobei an der Handlingvorrichtung 22 das Abstützmittel, also der Hydraulikzylinder 21, vertikal und über einen Führungsarm 23 horizontal gemäß den gezeigten Doppelpfeilen verfahrbar gehalten ist. Die Handlingvorrichtung 22 ist zum Positionswechsel mit Fahrmitteln 24 ausgestattet, die Rollen oder Kufen sein können. Damit ist die Handlingvorrichtung -22 entweder über Rollen variabel oder mittels der Kufen i-n Zusammenwirkung mit einem Schienensystem zwangsgeführt -transportierbar, so dass die Vorrichtung gemeinsam mit dem- zweiten Hydraulikzylinder 21 an unterschiedlichen Arbeitsstationen einsetzbar ist. Im übrigen kann die Handlingvorrichtung 22 auch mehrere Führungsarme 23 zur Handhabung zweier oder mehr Hydraulikzylinder 21 besitzen, so dass eine einzige Vorrichtung 22 bei mehreren umstehenden Arbeitsstationen, die jeweils ein Innenhochdruckum- formwerkzeug 2 und eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zuhaltekraft umfassen, gleichzeitig einsetzbar ist. Gegebenenfalls ist es auch erforderlich, in den Zwischenraum 20 zwischen den beiden Platten 11 und 9 mehr als einen Hydraulikzylinder 21 einzuschieben.For easy handling of the hydraulic cylinder 21, a handling device 22 is integrated in the device 1, which is positioned externally of the device for applying the locking force and the forming tool 2, the support means, i.e. the hydraulic cylinder 21, being vertical on the handling device 22 and via a guide arm 23 is held horizontally movable according to the double arrows shown. The handling device 22 is equipped for changing the position with driving means 24, which can be rollers or runners. Thus, the handling device -22 is either variable via rollers or positively guided by means of the runners in cooperation with a rail system, so that the device can be used together with the second hydraulic cylinder 21 at different work stations. In addition, the handling device 22 can also have a plurality of guide arms 23 for handling two or more hydraulic cylinders 21, so that a single device 22 can be used simultaneously in a plurality of surrounding work stations, each comprising an internal high-pressure forming tool 2 and a device for applying the locking force. It may also be necessary to insert more than one hydraulic cylinder 21 into the space 20 between the two plates 11 and 9.
Nach Absenken der Trägerplatte 11 wird also der Hydraulikzylinder 21 in den Zwischenraum 20 mit Spiel geschoben, wonach dieser in seiner eingeschobenen Lage mit einem Fluiddruck von innen beaufschlagt wird. Dadurch wird ein Stempel des Zylinders 21 ausgefahren, der das bis dahin noch vorhandene Spiel überbrückt. Gleichzeitig wird das in das Umformwerkzeug 2 eingelegte Werkstück unter Innenhochdruck gesetzt, wobei gleichzeitig der Fluiddruck auf den Stempel entsprechend steigt, um ein unerwünschtes Öffnen des unter dem Innenhochdruck auseinanderstrebenden Umformwerkzeuges 2 zu verhindern. Hierbei bildet der Hydraulikzylinder 21 als Abstützmittel das Bindeglied im bis zur Einnahme der Schiebelage offenen Kraft- flusskreis von Kraftausübung und Kraftaufnahme. Nach abgeschlossener Umformung des Werkstückes und Entspannung des Innenhochdruckes wird auch der Druck des zweiten Hydraulikzylinders 21 entspannt, wonach dessen Stempel in seine Nicht- gebrauchslage einfährt. Anschließend wird der Hydraulikzylinder 21 mittels der Handlingvorrichtung 22 aus dem Zwischenraum 20 gezogen und die Trägerplatte 11 mittels des ersten Hydraulikzylinders 13 angehoben, so dass das fertig geformte Werkstück entnommen und die Gravur des Umformwerkzeuges 2 mit einem nächsten Werkstückrohling belegt werden kann. Diese Abfolge der Arbeitsschritte der Einrichtung 1 kann durch ihre Einfachheit sehr schnell erfolgen, was zu sehr kurzen Takt- zeiten des gesamten Herstellungsprozesses ohne Qualitätseinbußen am fertigen Werkstück führt .After lowering the support plate 11, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is thus pushed into the intermediate space 20 with play, after which it is subjected to a fluid pressure from the inside in its inserted position. As a result, a stamp of the cylinder 21 is extended, which bridges the game still existing until then. At the same time, the workpiece inserted into the forming tool 2 is placed under high internal pressure, the fluid pressure on the punch correspondingly correspondingly increases in order to prevent an undesired opening of the forming tool 2 which is diverging under the internal high pressure. In this case, the hydraulic cylinder 21 forms the link in the force flow circuit of force exertion and force absorption that is open until the sliding position is taken up. After the workpiece has been reshaped and the internal high pressure has been released, the pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is also released, after which its stamp moves into its non-use position. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is then pulled out of the intermediate space 20 by means of the handling device 22 and the carrier plate 11 is raised by means of the first hydraulic cylinder 13, so that the finished workpiece can be removed and the engraving of the forming tool 2 can be coated with a next workpiece blank. This sequence of work steps of the device 1 can be carried out very quickly due to its simplicity, which leads to very short cycle times of the entire manufacturing process without loss of quality on the finished workpiece.
Die Hochdruckquelle kann separat zum Mittel zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdruckes angeordnet sein, wobei deren ausgeübter Druck größer ist als der Innenhochdruck, so dass die Werkzeughälften 3,4 während der Umformung aneinandergepresst bleiben.The high-pressure source can be arranged separately from the means for generating the internal high pressure, the pressure exerted being greater than the internal high pressure, so that the tool halves 3, 4 remain pressed against one another during the forming.
Des weiteren ist es verfahrensδkonomisch günstig, wenn die Hochdruckquelle des zweiten Hydraulikzylinders 21 auch gleichzeitig das Mittel zur Erzeugung des fluidischen Innenhochdruckes bildet, wodurch zusätzlich unter apparativer Vereinfachung eine separate Drucksteuerung für den Hydraulikzylinder 21 entfällt. Der Innenhochdruck entspricht dabei dem vom Abstützmittel aufgebrachten Zuhaltedruck, wobei die Wirkfläche des Abstützmittels größer ist als die projizierte Bauteilfläche des zu verformenden Werkstücks. Auch dies garantiert die Anlage der Werkzeughälften 3,4 während der Umformung. Furthermore, it is economically advantageous if the high-pressure source of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 also simultaneously forms the means for generating the high fluid pressure, as a result of which a separate pressure control for the hydraulic cylinder 21 is also eliminated, while simplifying the apparatus. The internal high pressure corresponds to the locking pressure applied by the support means, the effective area of the support means being larger than the projected component area of the workpiece to be deformed. This also guarantees that the tool halves 3, 4 abut during the forming.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Einrichtung zum Innenhochdruckumformen von Werkstücken mit einem Innenhochdruckumformwerkzeug, das eine obere und eine untere Matrizenhälfte sowie Mittel zur Erzeugung eines fluidischen Innenhochdruckes innerhalb der geschlossenen Matrize beinhaltet, und mit einer Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zuhaltekraft für das Innenhochdruckum- formwerkzeug, welche Zuganker beinhaltet, über die der Kraftflusskreis beim Umformvorgang aus öffnend wirksamem Innenhochdruck und entgegenwirkender Schließkraft innerhalb des Umformwerkzeuges geschlossen ist, wobei die Zuganker einenends mit einer Kopfplatte verbunden sind, an der eine die obere Matrizenhälfte tragende Trägerplatte angebracht ist, und anderenends an einer Grundplatte befestigt sind, an der die untere Matrizenhälfte befestigt ist, und welche Vorrichtung eine Hochdruckquelle aufweist, über deren Hochdruck die Hälften der geschlossenen Matrize während des Innenhochdruckumformvorgangs aneinan-1. Device for hydroforming workpieces with an hydroforming tool, which includes an upper and a lower die half and means for generating a fluidic internal pressure within the closed die, and with a device for applying the locking force for the hydroforming tool, which contains tie rods, via the force flow circuit is closed during the forming process from the opening internal high pressure and counteracting closing force within the forming tool, the tie rods being connected at one end to a head plate to which a carrier plate carrying the upper die half is attached, and at the other end to a base plate to which the lower die half is fastened, and which device has a high-pressure source, the high pressure of which presses the halves of the closed die against one another during the internal high-pressure forming process
• der anpressbar sind, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Trägerplatte (11) relativ zur Kopfplatte (9) hubbeweglich verfahrbar ist und dass die Vorrichtung ein Abstützmittel aufweist, das in den im Schließzustand der Matrize zwischen der abgesenkten Trägerplatte (11) und der Kopfplatte (9) entstehenden Zwischenraum (20) einschiebbar ist und die beiden Platten (9,11) während des Umformvorgangs unter Wahrung des Abstandes zwischen diesen gegeneinander abstützt. • which can be pressed, characterized in that the carrier plate (11) can be moved in a stroke-movable manner relative to the head plate (9) and that the device has a supporting means which, in the closed state of the die, between the lowered carrier plate (11) and the head plate (9) resulting space (20) can be inserted and supports the two plates (9, 11) during the forming process while maintaining the distance between them.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Zuganker (8) feststehend angeordnet oder bei Beibehaltung ihrer axialen Lage schwimmend gelagert sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tie rods (8) are arranged fixed or floating while maintaining their axial position.
3. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Kopfplatte (9) fest positioniert ist.3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the head plate (9) is firmly positioned.
4. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Einrichtung (1) einen ersten Hydraulikzylinder4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the device (1) has a first hydraulic cylinder
(13) beinhaltet, der mit der Trägerplatte (11) über Führungsstangen (17) verbunden ist und mittels dessen die Trägerplatte (11) hubbeweglich verfahrbar ist.(13), which is connected to the carrier plate (11) via guide rods (17) and by means of which the carrier plate (11) can be moved in a stroke-movable manner.
5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der erste Hydraulikzylinder (13) an der Oberseite5. Device according to claim 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the first hydraulic cylinder (13) on the top
(14) der Kopfplatte (9) befestigt ist.(14) the head plate (9) is attached.
6. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der erste Hydraulikzylinder (13) eine Kolbenstange6. Device according to one of claims 4 or 5, that the first hydraulic cylinder (13) has a piston rod
(15) besitzt, die an ihrem' aus dem Zylinder (13) ragenden Ende (16) mehrere horizontal abragende Tragearme (18) aufweist, welche bezüglich des mittigen Kolbenstangenendes (16) in Umfangsrichtung zueinander s mmetrisch versetzt angeordnet sind und an ihren freien Enden (19) die vertikal verlaufenden FührungsStangen (17) tragen.(15), which has at its ' end (16) protruding from the cylinder (13) a plurality of horizontally protruding support arms (18) which are arranged with respect to the central piston rod end (16) in the circumferential direction s mmetrically offset from each other and at their free ends (19) carry the vertical guide rods (17).
7. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Abstützmittel ein zweiter Hydraulikzylinder (21) ist, der an die Hochdruckquelle angeschlossen ist.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, that the supporting means is a second hydraulic cylinder (21) which is connected to the high pressure source.
8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Hochdruckquelle das Mittel zur Erzeugung des fluidischen Innenhochdruckes ist.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the high pressure source, the means for generating the is fluidic internal high pressure.
9. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Innenhochdruck dem vom Abstützmittel aufgebrachten Zuhaltedruck entspricht, wobei die Wirkfläche des Abstützmittels größer ist als die projizierte Bauteilfläche des zu verformenden Werkstücks .9. The device according to claim 8, so that the internal high pressure corresponds to the locking pressure applied by the support means, the effective area of the support means being larger than the projected component area of the workpiece to be deformed.
10. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Hochdruckquelle separat zum Mittel zur Erzeugung des fluidischen Innenhochdruckes angeordnet ist und dass der von der Hochdruckquelle aufgebrachte Druck größer ist als der Innenhochdruck.10. Device according to claim 7, so that the high pressure source is arranged separately from the means for generating the high fluid pressure and that the pressure applied by the high pressure source is greater than the high internal pressure.
11. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Einrichtung (1) eine Handlingvorrichtung (22) beinhaltet, die extern der Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zuhaltekraft und des Umformwerkzeuges (2) positioniert ist, wobei an der Handlingvorrichtung (22) das Abstützmittel verfahrbar gehalten ist.11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the device (1) includes a handling device (22) which is positioned externally of the device for applying the locking force and the forming tool (2), wherein on the handling device (22) the support means is kept movable.
12. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Handlingvorrichtung (22) zum Positionswechsel mit Fahrmitteln (24) ausgestattet ist. 12. The device as claimed in claim 11, so that the handling device (22) is equipped with means of travel (24) for changing the position.
PCT/EP2004/000383 2003-02-14 2004-01-20 Apparatus for forming production parts under internal high-pressure conditions WO2004071689A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1907147A1 (en) * 2005-07-26 2008-04-09 Aquaform Inc. Apparatus and method for forming shaped parts
EP1907147A4 (en) * 2005-07-26 2009-04-29 Aquaform Inc Apparatus and method for forming shaped parts

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EP1592525A1 (en) 2005-11-09
DE10306161A1 (en) 2004-08-26
US20070137280A1 (en) 2007-06-21
DE10306161B4 (en) 2005-02-17
CA2516115A1 (en) 2004-08-26

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