WO2004068050A1 - Tube wall protector for a boiler tube wall - Google Patents

Tube wall protector for a boiler tube wall Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004068050A1
WO2004068050A1 PCT/EP2004/000733 EP2004000733W WO2004068050A1 WO 2004068050 A1 WO2004068050 A1 WO 2004068050A1 EP 2004000733 W EP2004000733 W EP 2004000733W WO 2004068050 A1 WO2004068050 A1 WO 2004068050A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
boiler tube
protection according
tube wall
tubes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/000733
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephan Mulch
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Düsseldorf Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Düsseldorf Gmbh filed Critical Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Düsseldorf Gmbh
Priority to DE202004020448U priority Critical patent/DE202004020448U1/en
Publication of WO2004068050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004068050A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/10—Monolithic linings; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/107—Protection of water tubes
    • F22B37/108—Protection of water tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tube wall protection for a boiler tube wall made of a plurality of substantially parallel tubes, which are connected to one another by webs running parallel to the tubes, with at least one wall element made of refractory material, the wall element being attached on one side to the boiler tube wall.
  • a pipe wall protection for a boiler pipe wall is already known from DE 40 07 662 Cl.
  • Holders are provided on the webs between the individual tubes of the boiler tube and which protrude perpendicularly from the boiler tube wall.
  • the wall elements are arranged on these holders, so that the wall elements are mechanically held by an additional device.
  • a disadvantage of such a device is that the holders themselves are necessary for fastening the wall elements.
  • the shape and position of the holders must be adapted to the wall elements.
  • BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE a mechanical aid (tabs) is required to secure the wall elements against detachment from the pipe.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a tube wall protection of the type described above, which does not require mechanical aids on the boiler tube wall and can be attached to one side of the tube wall.
  • This object is achieved in that a layer of an adhesive is provided between the wall element and the tubes of the boiler tube wall for holding the wall element alone.
  • the mechanical fastening devices can be eliminated by using a suitable adhesive.
  • the adhesive can have either a high or a low thermal conductivity. A high thermal conductivity results when the adhesive contains silicon carbide, while a low thermal conductivity results when aluminum oxide is used as a component of the adhesive.
  • the adhesive is also temperature-resistant and gas-tight against corrosive gases that can damage the pipe wall itself.
  • the adhesive has a sufficiently high adhesion even at high temperatures, so that the wall elements adhere securely to the boiler tube wall even when the boiler is in operation.
  • Suitable adhesives are, in particular, heat-resistant adhesives.
  • the adhesive is an inorganic adhesive, in particular a ceramic-monolithic material. This has the properties necessary for this special application.
  • Suitable ceramic monolithic materials are in particular chemically setting putties. Putties with chemical and hydraulic bonds. These are preferred over purely hydraulic setting kit. Suitable putties are also putties based on Al 2 0 3 , Si0 2 and / or Fe 2 0 3 .
  • suitable heat-resistant adhesives are inorganic adhesives, for example adhesives based on water glass. These are silicates dissolved in water at high temperature and pressure. Due to their refractory properties, these have excellent adhesive properties even in the high temperature range.
  • suitable heat-resistant adhesives are adhesives based on silicone rubber, in particular cold-vulcanizing one-component silicone rubbers.
  • the layer has an im measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall Essentially constant thickness, which means that a uniform heat flow occurs across the entire layer. If the wall element also has a constant thickness, this applies to the pipe wall protection as a whole. Overall, this results in a uniform thermal load on the pipe wall protection.
  • the wall element has spacers which facilitate the assembly of the wall element at a predetermined distance from the boiler tube wall. If at least two spacers are provided on a wall element, the relative position to the boiler tube wall is fixed.
  • the spacers are preferably provided with a semicircular cross section, which enables simple manufacture.
  • Half-shells which are adapted to the shape of the tubes of the boiler tube wall are preferably formed on the wall elements. This makes it easy to realize that the layers of adhesive and refractory material are uniformly thick when viewed across the entire pipe wall.
  • the wall elements have several half-shells, so that one wall element covers several tubes.
  • the wall elements can be arranged next to one another and in the direction of extension of the tubes one above the other on the boiler tube wall. In this way, the entire surface of the boiler tube wall can be protected in a coherent manner. A joint between two wall elements arranged next to each other ensures that even with thermal expansion as a result of heating, no stresses can arise between the pipe wall protection and the boiler pipe wall.
  • a projection at the first end of the wall element and a recess at the second end can ensure that the wall elements are arranged flush with one another in the direction of extension of the tubes.
  • the wall elements cover one or more pipes.
  • Wall elements which each cover only one tube are particularly preferred, so that the number of wall elements arranged next to one another corresponds to the number of tubes.
  • the particular advantage of narrow wall elements that only cover one pipe is that they can be attached to the pipe wall particularly securely, which, among other things. is to be attributed to the fact that, due to the correspondingly large number of joints formed between the wall elements, the wall elements have a particularly large surface that can be used for gluing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pipe wall protection according to the invention in cross section
  • Fig. 2 shows a joint between two wall elements of a pipe wall protection according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the impact in the direction of extension of the tubes
  • Boiler tube wall between two wall elements of a tube wall protection according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a boiler tube wall 1 which has a multiplicity of tubes 2 running parallel to one another, the tubes 2 being connected to one another via webs 3 running parallel to the tubes 2. Both the tubes 2 and the webs 3 are made of steel.
  • Wall elements 4 are attached to one side of the boiler tube wall 1 in such a way that a wall element 4 does not surround any of the tubes 2.
  • wall elements 4 can be attached to both sides of the boiler tube wall 1.
  • the wall elements 4 are made of a refractory material such as a refractory ceramic.
  • Each wall element 4, measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall 1, has an approximately constant thickness.
  • the wall elements 4 have three half-shell-shaped areas 5, which are adapted to the shape of the tubes 2 and have the same distance from one another as the tubes 2.
  • the wall elements 4 are provided with spacers 6 within the half-shell-shaped areas 5.
  • the spacers 6 are designed as ribs which extend parallel to the tubes 2 along the half-shell-shaped regions 5.
  • the spacers 6 preferably have one semicircular cross section and two spacers 6 each abut a tube 2. The spacers 6 ensure a predetermined distance between wall elements 4 and pipes 2.
  • a layer 7 made of an adhesive is provided, which serves to hold the wall elements 4 ′ on the boiler tube wall 1.
  • the adhesive can be an inorganic adhesive, in particular a ceramic monolithic material.
  • the layer 7 has an essentially constant thickness measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall 1. Because the wall elements 4 and the layer 7 have a substantially constant thickness, a uniform heat flow is achieved over the entire surface of the boiler tube wall 1 or the tube wall protection.
  • the layer 7 made of the adhesive has an adhesive force that is still high enough even at high temperatures to hold the wall elements 4 on the boiler tube wall 1.
  • the adhesive is also similarly temperature-resistant as the refractory material of the wall elements 4. Due to these properties, the layer 7 of the adhesive is able to permanently fix the wall elements 4 to the boiler tube wall 1, which means that additional mechanical fastening devices can be dispensed with.
  • the layer 7 made of the adhesive is sufficiently gas-tight so that no corrosive gases from the boiler atmosphere can reach the pipes 2 and webs 3.
  • a plurality of wall elements 4 are arranged next to one another as seen in the direction of extension of the tubes 2.
  • a joint 8 is formed between two wall elements 4 arranged next to one another.
  • the joint 8 prevents two wall elements 4 arranged next to one another from being in direct contact with one another. Thus, no stresses can develop between the tube wall protection and the boiler tube wall 1 due to different thermal expansions of the boiler tube wall 1 and wall elements 4.
  • the joint 8 is filled with the adhesive, which due to its properties can also be directly exposed to the boiler atmosphere.
  • the wall elements 4 have a first end 9 and a second end 10 when viewed in the direction of extension of the tubes 2.
  • the first end 9 has a projection 11, while the second end 10 comprises a recess 12. If the wall elements 4 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of extension of the tubes 2, the projection 11 lies in the recess 12, which has the consequence that adjacent wall elements 4 are arranged flush with one another.
  • the wall elements 4 can be in direct contact with one another without the risk of tension between the wall elements 4 and the boiler tube wall 1. This is because there are no structures in this direction which prevent a "displacement" of a wall element 4 against the boiler tube wall 1.
  • Wall elements are not shown in the drawing, each of which only covers one tube, so that the number of wall elements arranged next to one another corresponds to the number of tubes of the tube wall. These have proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to permanently secure attachment to the pipe wall, since, owing to the correspondingly large number of joints formed between the wall elements, they have a particularly large surface that can be used for gluing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

A tube wall protector is disclosed, for a boiler tube wall (1), comprising a number of essentially parallel tubes (2), connected to each by means of webs (3) running parallel to the tubes (2) and at least one wall element (4) made from refractory material, whereby said wall element is applied to one side of the boiler tube wall. The aim of the invention is to achieve a tube wall protector which fits on the boiler tube wall (1) without mechanical aid and which can be fixed to one side of the tube wall. Said aim is achieved, whereby between the wall element (4) and the tubes (2) of the boiler tube wall (1), a layer (7) of adhesive for retaining the wall element (4) is provided.

Description

Rohrwandschutz für eine Kesselrohrwand Pipe wall protection for a boiler pipe wall
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Rohrwandschutz für eine Kesselrohrwand aus einer Vielzahl von im Wesentlichen parallel verlaufenden Rohren, die durch parallel zu den Rohren verlaufende Stege miteinander verbunden sind, mit wenigstens einem Wandelement aus feuerfestem Material, wobei das Wandelement einseitig an der Kesselrohrwand angebracht ist.The present invention relates to a tube wall protection for a boiler tube wall made of a plurality of substantially parallel tubes, which are connected to one another by webs running parallel to the tubes, with at least one wall element made of refractory material, the wall element being attached on one side to the boiler tube wall.
Aus der DE 40 07 662 Cl ist bereits ein Rohrwandschutz für eine Kesselrohrwand bekannt . An den Stege zwischen den einzelnen Rohren der Kesselröhr and sind Halter vorgesehen, die senkrecht von der Kesselrohrwand abstehen. Auf diesen Haltern werden die Wandelemente angeordnet, so dass die Wandelemente durch eine zusätzliche Einrichtung mechanisch gehalten werden. Nachteilig an einer derartigen .Vorrichtung ist, dass die Halter an sich für die Befestigung der Wandelemente notwendig sind. Außerdem müssen die Halter in Form und Position an die Wandelemente angepasst sein.A pipe wall protection for a boiler pipe wall is already known from DE 40 07 662 Cl. Holders are provided on the webs between the individual tubes of the boiler tube and which protrude perpendicularly from the boiler tube wall. The wall elements are arranged on these holders, so that the wall elements are mechanically held by an additional device. A disadvantage of such a device is that the holders themselves are necessary for fastening the wall elements. In addition, the shape and position of the holders must be adapted to the wall elements.
Aus der US 4 482 568 ist ein Rohrwandschutz für ein einzelnes Rohr bekannt. Dieser weist zwei Halbschalen auf, die über Laschen ineinandergreifen und das Rohr vollständig umgeben. Zwischen den Halbschalen und dem Rohr wird Mörtel eingebracht, der auch dazu dient, die beiden Wandelemente zu halten. Allerdings ist auch hierFrom US 4,482,568 a pipe wall protection for a single pipe is known. This has two half-shells that interlock with each other and completely surround the pipe. Mortar is placed between the half-shells and the pipe, which also serves to hold the two wall elements. However, here too
BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE ein mechanisches Hilfsmittel (Laschen) notwendig, um die Wandelemente gegen ein Loslösen von dem Rohr zu sichern.BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE a mechanical aid (tabs) is required to secure the wall elements against detachment from the pipe.
Ausgehend vom Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Rohrwandschutz der eingangs beschriebenen Art bereitzustellen, der ohne mechanische Hilfsmittel an der Kesselrohrwand auskommt und an einer Seite der Rohrwand befestigt werden kann.Starting from the prior art, the present invention has for its object to provide a tube wall protection of the type described above, which does not require mechanical aids on the boiler tube wall and can be attached to one side of the tube wall.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen dem Wandelement und den Rohren der Kesselrohrwand eine Schicht aus einem Kleber zum alleinigen Halten des Wandelements vorgesehen ist.This object is achieved in that a layer of an adhesive is provided between the wall element and the tubes of the boiler tube wall for holding the wall element alone.
Erfindungsgemäß ist erkannt worden, dass durch die Verwendung eines geeigneten Klebers ein Wegfall der mechanischen Befestigungsvorrichtungen erreicht werden kann. Der Kleber kann entweder eine hohe oder eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweisen. Eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit ergibt sich dann, wenn der Kleber Siliziumcarbid enthält, während sich eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit bei Verwendung von Aluminiumoxid als Bestandteil des Klebers ergibt . Der Kleber ist ferner temperaturbeständig sowie gasdicht gegenüber korrosiven Gasen, die die Rohrwand selber beschädigen können. Außerdem weist der Kleber eine hinreichend hohe Adhäsion auch bei hohen Temperaturen auf, so dass auch beim Betrieb des Kessels die Wandelemente sicher an der Kesselrohrwand haften.According to the invention, it has been recognized that the mechanical fastening devices can be eliminated by using a suitable adhesive. The adhesive can have either a high or a low thermal conductivity. A high thermal conductivity results when the adhesive contains silicon carbide, while a low thermal conductivity results when aluminum oxide is used as a component of the adhesive. The adhesive is also temperature-resistant and gas-tight against corrosive gases that can damage the pipe wall itself. In addition, the adhesive has a sufficiently high adhesion even at high temperatures, so that the wall elements adhere securely to the boiler tube wall even when the boiler is in operation.
Durch den Wegfall der Halter, die an der Kesselrohrwand vorsehen sein müssten und selber vor hohen Temperaturen geschützt werden müssten, ist es nunmehr möglich, die Wandelemente dünner auszubilden. Dies führt zu einer Materialeinsparung und damit auch zu einer Gewichtseinsparung. Außerdem lässt sich der erfindungsgemäße Rohrwandschutz leicht montieren und gegebenenfalls reparieren.By eliminating the brackets that would have to be provided on the boiler tube wall and even from high temperatures would have to be protected, it is now possible to make the wall elements thinner. This leads to a material saving and thus also to a weight saving. In addition, the pipe wall protection according to the invention can be easily assembled and repaired if necessary.
Geeignete Kleber sind insbesondere hitzebeständige Kleber. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform handelt es sich bei dem Kleber um einen anorganischen Kleber, insbesondere um einen keramisch-monolithischen Werkstoff . Dieser weist die für diese spezielle Anwendung notwendigen Eigenschaften auf . Geeignete keramischmonolithische Werkstoff sind insbesondere chemisch abbindende Kitte -bzw. Kitte mit chemischer und hydraulischer Bindung. Diese sind gegenüber rein hydraulisch abbindenden Kitten bevorzugt. Geeignete Kitte sind ferner Kitte auf Basis von Al203, Si02 und/oder Fe203.Suitable adhesives are, in particular, heat-resistant adhesives. In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive is an inorganic adhesive, in particular a ceramic-monolithic material. This has the properties necessary for this special application. Suitable ceramic monolithic materials are in particular chemically setting putties. Putties with chemical and hydraulic bonds. These are preferred over purely hydraulic setting kit. Suitable putties are also putties based on Al 2 0 3 , Si0 2 and / or Fe 2 0 3 .
Weitere geeignete hitzebeständige Kleber sind anorganische Klebstoffe, beispielsweise Klebstoffe auf Wasserglasbasis. Dabei handelt es sich um bei hoher Temperatur und hohem Druck in Wasser gelöste Silikate. Aufgrund ihrer Feuerfesteigenschaften weisen diese hervorragende Klebeigenschaften auch im Hochtemperaturbereich auf . Weitere geeignete hitzebeständige Kleber sind Klebstoffe auf Silikonkautschukbasis, insbesondere kaltvulkanisierende Einkomponenten-Silikonkautschuke.Other suitable heat-resistant adhesives are inorganic adhesives, for example adhesives based on water glass. These are silicates dissolved in water at high temperature and pressure. Due to their refractory properties, these have excellent adhesive properties even in the high temperature range. Other suitable heat-resistant adhesives are adhesives based on silicone rubber, in particular cold-vulcanizing one-component silicone rubbers.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Schicht senkrecht zur Kesselrohrwand gemessen eine im Wesentlichen konstante Dicke auf, was dazu führt, dass über die gesamte Schicht gesehen ein gleichmäßiger Wärmefluss erfolgt. Weist das Wandelement ebenfalls eine konstante Dicke auf, so gilt dies für den Rohrwandschutz als Ganzes. Insgesamt ergibt sich dann eine gleichmäßige thermische Belastung des Rohrwandschutzes . In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist das Wandelement Distanzhalter auf, die die Montage des Wandelements auf einen vorbestimmten Abstand zur Kesselrohrwand erleichtern. Sind an einem Wandelement wenigstens zwei Distanzhalter vorgesehen, so ist die relative Position zur Kesselrohrwand festgelegt.In a further preferred embodiment, the layer has an im measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall Essentially constant thickness, which means that a uniform heat flow occurs across the entire layer. If the wall element also has a constant thickness, this applies to the pipe wall protection as a whole. Overall, this results in a uniform thermal load on the pipe wall protection. In a further preferred embodiment, the wall element has spacers which facilitate the assembly of the wall element at a predetermined distance from the boiler tube wall. If at least two spacers are provided on a wall element, the relative position to the boiler tube wall is fixed.
Bevorzugterweise sind die Distanzhalter mit einem halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt versehen, was eine einfache Herstellung ermöglicht.The spacers are preferably provided with a semicircular cross section, which enables simple manufacture.
Vorzugsweise sind an den Wandelementen Halbschalen ausgebildet, die an die Form der Rohre der Kesselröhrwand angepasst sind. Somit lässt sich in einfacher Weise realisieren, dass die Schichten aus Kleber und feuerfestem Material über die gesamte Rohrwand gesehen gleichmäßig stark sind. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform weisen die Wandelemente mehrere Halbschalen auf, so dass ein Wandelement mehrere Rohre abdeckt .Half-shells which are adapted to the shape of the tubes of the boiler tube wall are preferably formed on the wall elements. This makes it easy to realize that the layers of adhesive and refractory material are uniformly thick when viewed across the entire pipe wall. In a further preferred embodiment, the wall elements have several half-shells, so that one wall element covers several tubes.
Die Wandelemente können nebeneinander sowie in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre übereinander an der Kesselrohrwand angeordnet werden. So kann auf einfache Weise die gesamte Fläche der Kesselrohrwand zusammenhängend geschützt werden. Eine Fuge zwischen zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Wandelementen stellt sicher, dass auch bei einer thermischen Ausdehnung in Folge von Erwärmung keine Spannungen zwischen Rohrwandschutz und Kesselrohrwand hervorgerufen werden können.The wall elements can be arranged next to one another and in the direction of extension of the tubes one above the other on the boiler tube wall. In this way, the entire surface of the boiler tube wall can be protected in a coherent manner. A joint between two wall elements arranged next to each other ensures that even with thermal expansion as a result of heating, no stresses can arise between the pipe wall protection and the boiler pipe wall.
Durch einen Vorsprung am ersten Ende des Wandelements und einer Aussparung am zweiten Ende kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Wandelemente in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre bündig zueinander angeordnet sind.A projection at the first end of the wall element and a recess at the second end can ensure that the wall elements are arranged flush with one another in the direction of extension of the tubes.
In Abhängigkeit von ihrer Breite decken die Wandelemente ein oder mehrere Rohre ab. Besonders bevorzugt werden Wandelemente, welche jeweils lediglich ein Rohr abdecken, so dass die Zahl der nebeneinander angeordneten Wandelemente der Anzahl der Rohre entspricht . Der besondere Vorteil schmaler, jeweils nur ein Rohr abdeckender Wandelemente liegt darin, dass diese besonders sicher an der Rohrwand befestigt werden können, was u.a. darauf zurückzuführen ist, dass aufgrund der entsprechend großen Anzahl der zwischen den Wandelementen gebildeten Fugen die Wandelemente eine besonders große, für das Verkleben nutzbare Oberfläche aufweisen.Depending on their width, the wall elements cover one or more pipes. Wall elements which each cover only one tube are particularly preferred, so that the number of wall elements arranged next to one another corresponds to the number of tubes. The particular advantage of narrow wall elements that only cover one pipe is that they can be attached to the pipe wall particularly securely, which, among other things. is to be attributed to the fact that, due to the correspondingly large number of joints formed between the wall elements, the wall elements have a particularly large surface that can be used for gluing.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand einer lediglich ein bevorzugtes Ausbildungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigenThe present invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a drawing which merely represents a preferred exemplary embodiment. Show in the drawing
Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Rohrwandschutz im Querschnitt, Fig. 2 eine Fuge zwischen zwei Wandelementen eines erfindungsgemäßen Rohrwandschutzes und1 shows a pipe wall protection according to the invention in cross section, Fig. 2 shows a joint between two wall elements of a pipe wall protection according to the invention and
Fig. 3 den Stoß in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre derFig. 3 shows the impact in the direction of extension of the tubes
Kesselrohrwand zwischen zwei Wandelementen eines erfindungsgemäßen Rohrwandschutzes .Boiler tube wall between two wall elements of a tube wall protection according to the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Kesselrohrwand 1, die eine Vielzahl von parallel zueinander verlaufenden Rohren 2 aufweist, wobei die Rohre 2 über parallel zu den Rohren 2 verlaufende Stege 3 miteinander verbunden sind. Sowohl die Rohre 2 als auch die Stege 3 sind aus Stahl. An einer Seite der Kesselrohrwand 1 sind Wandelemente 4 in der Weise angebracht, dass ein Wandelement 4 keines der Rohre 2 umgibt. Zur vollständigen Abschirmung der Kesselrohrwand 1 können auf beiden Seiten der Kesselrohrwand 1 Wandelemente 4 angebracht werden. Die Wandelemente 4 sind aus einem feuerfesten Material wie beispielsweise einer feuerfesten Keramik.1 shows a boiler tube wall 1 which has a multiplicity of tubes 2 running parallel to one another, the tubes 2 being connected to one another via webs 3 running parallel to the tubes 2. Both the tubes 2 and the webs 3 are made of steel. Wall elements 4 are attached to one side of the boiler tube wall 1 in such a way that a wall element 4 does not surround any of the tubes 2. To completely shield the boiler tube wall 1, wall elements 4 can be attached to both sides of the boiler tube wall 1. The wall elements 4 are made of a refractory material such as a refractory ceramic.
Jedes Wandelement 4 weist jeweils senkrecht zur Kesselrohrwand 1 gemessen eine in etwa konstante Dicke auf. Des Weiteren weisen die Wandelemente 4 drei halbschalenförmige Bereiche 5 auf, die an die Form der Rohre 2 angepasst sind und den gleichen Abstand zueinander auf eisen wie die Rohre 2. Außerdem sind die Wandelemente 4 innerhalb der halbschalenförmigen Bereiche 5 mit Distanzhaltern 6 versehen. Die Distanzhalter 6 sind als Rippen ausgebildet, die sich parallel zu den Rohren 2 entlang der halbschalenförmigen Bereiche 5 erstrecken. Die Distanzhalter 6 haben vorzugsweise einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt und jeweils zwei Distanzhalter 6 liegen an einem Rohr 2 an. Die Distanzhalter 6 sorgen für einen vorgegebenen Abstand zwischen Wandelementen 4 und Rohren 2.Each wall element 4, measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall 1, has an approximately constant thickness. Furthermore, the wall elements 4 have three half-shell-shaped areas 5, which are adapted to the shape of the tubes 2 and have the same distance from one another as the tubes 2. In addition, the wall elements 4 are provided with spacers 6 within the half-shell-shaped areas 5. The spacers 6 are designed as ribs which extend parallel to the tubes 2 along the half-shell-shaped regions 5. The spacers 6 preferably have one semicircular cross section and two spacers 6 each abut a tube 2. The spacers 6 ensure a predetermined distance between wall elements 4 and pipes 2.
Zwischen der Kesselröhrwand 1 und den Wandelementen 4 ist eine Schicht 7 aus einem Kleber vorgesehen, die dazu dient, die Wandelemente 4' an der Kesselrohrwand 1 zu halten. Bei dem Kleber kann es sich um einen anorganischen Kleber, insbesondere um einen keramischmonolithischen Werkstoff handeln. Dabei weist die Schicht 7 eine senkrecht zur Kesselrohrwand 1 gemessene im Wesentlichen konstante Dicke auf. Dadurch, dass die Wandelemente 4 und die Schicht 7 eine im Wesentlichen konstante Dicke aufweisen, wird ein gleichmäßiger Wärmefluss über die gesamte Oberfläche der Kesselrohrwand 1 bzw. den Rohrwandschutz erreicht.Between the boiler tube wall 1 and the wall elements 4, a layer 7 made of an adhesive is provided, which serves to hold the wall elements 4 ′ on the boiler tube wall 1. The adhesive can be an inorganic adhesive, in particular a ceramic monolithic material. The layer 7 has an essentially constant thickness measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall 1. Because the wall elements 4 and the layer 7 have a substantially constant thickness, a uniform heat flow is achieved over the entire surface of the boiler tube wall 1 or the tube wall protection.
Außerdem weist die Schicht 7 aus dem Kleber eine Adhäsionskraft auf, die auch bei hohen Temperaturen noch hoch genug ist, die Wandelemente 4 an der Kesselrohrwand 1 zu halten. Der Kleber ist außerdem ähnlich temperaturbeständig wie das feuerfeste Material der Wandelemente 4. Aufgrund dieser Eigenschaften ist die Schicht 7 aus dem Kleber in der Lage, die Wandelemente 4 permanent an der Kesselrohrwand 1 zu befestigen, wodurch auf zusätzliche mechanische Befestigungsvorrichtungen verzichtet werden kann. Daneben ist die Schicht 7 aus dem Kleber hinreichend gasdicht, so dass keine korrosiven Gase aus der Kesselatmosphäre an die Rohre 2 und Stege 3 gelangen können. Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, sind mehrere Wandelemente 4 in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre 2 gesehen nebeneinander angeordnet . Zwischen zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Wandelementen 4 ist eine Fuge 8 ausgebildet. Durch die Fuge 8 wird verhindert, dass zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Wandelemente 4 direkt miteinander in Kontakt stehen. Somit können sich zwischen dem Rohrwandschutz und der Kesselrohrwand 1 infolge unterschiedlicher thermischer Ausdehnungen von Kesselröhrwand 1 und Wandelementen 4 keine Spannungen ausbilden. Die Fuge 8 ist dabei mit dem Kleber gefüllt, der aufgrund seiner Eigenschaften auch direkt der Kesselatmosphäre ausgesetzt sein kann.In addition, the layer 7 made of the adhesive has an adhesive force that is still high enough even at high temperatures to hold the wall elements 4 on the boiler tube wall 1. The adhesive is also similarly temperature-resistant as the refractory material of the wall elements 4. Due to these properties, the layer 7 of the adhesive is able to permanently fix the wall elements 4 to the boiler tube wall 1, which means that additional mechanical fastening devices can be dispensed with. In addition, the layer 7 made of the adhesive is sufficiently gas-tight so that no corrosive gases from the boiler atmosphere can reach the pipes 2 and webs 3. As can be seen from FIG. 1, a plurality of wall elements 4 are arranged next to one another as seen in the direction of extension of the tubes 2. A joint 8 is formed between two wall elements 4 arranged next to one another. The joint 8 prevents two wall elements 4 arranged next to one another from being in direct contact with one another. Thus, no stresses can develop between the tube wall protection and the boiler tube wall 1 due to different thermal expansions of the boiler tube wall 1 and wall elements 4. The joint 8 is filled with the adhesive, which due to its properties can also be directly exposed to the boiler atmosphere.
Wie Fig. 3 zu entnehmen ist, weisen die Wandelemente 4 in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre 2 gesehen ein erstes Ende 9 und ein zweites Ende 10 auf. Das erste Ende 9 weist einen Vorsprung 11 auf, während das zweite Ende 10 eine Aussparung 12 umfasst . Sind die Wandelemente 4 in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre 2 hintereinander angeordnet, liegt der Vorsprung 11 in der Aussparung 12, was zur Folge hat, dass benachbarte Wandelemente 4 bündig zueinander angeordnet sind. In Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre 2 können die Wandelemente 4 in direktem Kontakt miteinander stehen, ohne dass die Gefahr von Spannungen zwischen den Wandelementen 4 und der Kesselrohrwand 1 besteht. Denn in dieser Richtung sind keine Strukturen vorhanden, die ein „Verschieben" eines Wandelements 4 gegen die Kesselrohrwand 1 behindern. In der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt sind Wandelemente, welche jeweils lediglich ein Rohr abdecken, so dass die Zahl der nebeneinander angeordneten Wandelemente der Anzahl der Rohre der Rohrwand entspricht. Diese erweisen sich als besonders vorteilhaft hinsichtlich einer dauerhaft sicheren Befestigung an der Rohrwand, da sie aufgrund der entsprechend großen Anzahl der zwischen den Wandelementen gebildeten Fugen eine besonders große, für das Verkleben nutzbare Oberfläche aufweisen. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the wall elements 4 have a first end 9 and a second end 10 when viewed in the direction of extension of the tubes 2. The first end 9 has a projection 11, while the second end 10 comprises a recess 12. If the wall elements 4 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of extension of the tubes 2, the projection 11 lies in the recess 12, which has the consequence that adjacent wall elements 4 are arranged flush with one another. In the direction of extension of the tubes 2, the wall elements 4 can be in direct contact with one another without the risk of tension between the wall elements 4 and the boiler tube wall 1. This is because there are no structures in this direction which prevent a "displacement" of a wall element 4 against the boiler tube wall 1. Wall elements are not shown in the drawing, each of which only covers one tube, so that the number of wall elements arranged next to one another corresponds to the number of tubes of the tube wall. These have proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to permanently secure attachment to the pipe wall, since, owing to the correspondingly large number of joints formed between the wall elements, they have a particularly large surface that can be used for gluing.

Claims

P AT E NT A N S P R Ü C H E P AT E NT REQUESTS
1. Rohrwandschutz für eine Kesselröhrwand (1) aus einer Vielzahl von im Wesentlichen parallel verlaufenden Rohren (2) , die durch im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Rohren (2) verlaufende Stege (3) miteinander verbunden sind, mit wenigstens einem Wandelement (4) aus feuerfestem Material, wobei das Wandelement (4) einseitig an der Kesselrohrwand (1) angebracht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Wandelement (4) und den Rohren (2) der1. Pipe wall protection for a boiler tube wall (1) from a plurality of substantially parallel pipes (2), which are connected to one another by webs (3) running essentially parallel to the pipes (2), with at least one wall element (4) Refractory material, wherein the wall element (4) is attached on one side to the boiler tube wall (1), characterized in that between the wall element (4) and the pipes (2)
Kesselrohrwand (1) eine Schicht (7) aus Kleber zum Halten des Wandelements (4) vorgesehen ist.Boiler tube wall (1) a layer (7) of adhesive for holding the wall element (4) is provided.
2. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kleber ein anorganischer Kleber ist.2. Pipe wall protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive is an inorganic adhesive.
3. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kleber ein keramischmonolithischer Werkstoff ist.3. Pipe wall protection according to claim 2, characterized in that the adhesive is a ceramic monolithic material.
4. Rohrwandschutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schicht (7) senkrecht zur Kesselrohrwand (1) gemessen im Wesentlichen eine konstante Dicke aufweist. 4. Pipe wall protection according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the layer (7) measured perpendicular to the boiler tube wall (1) has a substantially constant thickness.
5. Rohrwandschutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wandelement (4) senkrecht zur Kesselröhr and (1) gemessen im Wesentlichen eine konstante Dicke aufweist.5. Pipe wall protection according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall element (4) measured perpendicular to the boiler tube and (1) has a substantially constant thickness.
6. Rohrwandschutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der zur Kesselrohrwand (1) gewandten Seite des Wandelements6. Pipe wall protection according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the side facing the boiler tube wall (1) of the wall element
(4) Distanzhalter (6) vorgesehen sind.(4) spacers (6) are provided.
7. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Distanzhalter (6) an einem Rohr (2) der Kesselröhr and (1) anliegen.7. Pipe wall protection according to claim 6, characterized in that two spacers (6) abut on a tube (2) of the boiler tube and (1).
8. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Distanzhalter (6) als Rippen mit halbkreisförmigem Querschnitt ausgebildet sind, die sich parallel zu den Rohren (2) der Kesselrohrwand (1) erstrecken.8. Pipe wall protection according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the spacers (6) are designed as ribs with a semicircular cross section, which extend parallel to the tubes (2) of the boiler tube wall (1).
9. Rohrwandschutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wandelement (4) auf der zur Kesselrohrwand (1) weisenden Seite wenigstens einen an den Querschnitt der Rohre (2) angepassten und parallel zu diesem verlaufenden halbschalenförmigen Bereich (5) auf eist.9. Pipe wall protection according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the wall element (4) on the side facing the boiler tube wall (1) has at least one half-shell-shaped region (5) which is adapted to the cross section of the tubes (2) and runs parallel to the latter. on ice.
10. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wandelement (4) mehrere nebeneinander angeordnete parallel verlaufende halbschalenförmige Bereiche (5) aufweist, die den gleichen Abstand zueinander aufweisen wie die Rohre (2) .10. Pipe wall protection according to claim 9, characterized in that the wall element (4) has a plurality of juxtaposed parallel, half-shell-shaped areas (5) which the have the same distance from each other as the tubes (2).
11. Rohrwandschutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Wandelemente11. Pipe wall protection according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that several wall elements
(4) in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre (2) nebeneinander angeordnet sind.(4) are arranged side by side in the direction of extension of the tubes (2).
12. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen nebeneinander angeordneten Wandelementen (4) eine Fuge (8) ausgebildet ist.12. Pipe wall protection according to claim 11, characterized in that a joint (8) is formed between adjacent wall elements (4).
13. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 12 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fuge (8) mit dem Kleber13. Pipe wall protection according to claim 12, characterized in that the joint (8) with the adhesive
■ gefüllt ist.■ is filled.
14. Rohrwandschutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandelemente (4) in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre (2) hintereinander angeordnet sind und in Erstreckungsrichtung der Rohre (2) ein erstes Ende (9) und ein zweites Ende14. Pipe wall protection according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the wall elements (4) are arranged one behind the other in the direction of extension of the tubes (2) and a first end (9) and a second end in the direction of extension of the tubes (2)
(10) aufweisen.(10).
15. Rohrwandschutz nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem ersten Ende (9) der Wandelemente (4) ein Vorsprung (11) vorgesehen ist und am zweiten Ende (10) eine an den Vorsprung (11) angepasste Aussparung (12) . 15. Pipe wall protection according to claim 14, characterized in that at the first end (9) of the wall elements (4) a projection (11) is provided and at the second end (10) a recess (12) adapted to the projection (11).
PCT/EP2004/000733 2003-01-27 2004-01-27 Tube wall protector for a boiler tube wall WO2004068050A1 (en)

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DE202004020448U DE202004020448U1 (en) 2003-01-27 2004-01-27 Pipe wall protection for a boiler pipe wall

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DE2003103173 DE10303173B4 (en) 2003-01-27 2003-01-27 Pipe wall protection for a boiler pipe wall

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EP1788308A2 (en) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-23 KARRENA GmbH Refractory brick
EP3561385A1 (en) * 2018-04-26 2019-10-30 Mokesys Ag Refractory wall with anti-corrosive layer

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CN107514650B (en) * 2017-09-06 2019-02-05 西安热工研究院有限公司 The built-up welding regional selection method for preventing and treating water wall high temperature corrosion
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EP3561385A1 (en) * 2018-04-26 2019-10-30 Mokesys Ag Refractory wall with anti-corrosive layer

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