WO2004062938A2 - Ameliorations apportees ou se rapportant a des cotes de securite ou d'authentification et analogues - Google Patents

Ameliorations apportees ou se rapportant a des cotes de securite ou d'authentification et analogues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004062938A2
WO2004062938A2 PCT/GB2004/000069 GB2004000069W WO2004062938A2 WO 2004062938 A2 WO2004062938 A2 WO 2004062938A2 GB 2004000069 W GB2004000069 W GB 2004000069W WO 2004062938 A2 WO2004062938 A2 WO 2004062938A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
document
product
layer
transmitting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/000069
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2004062938A3 (fr
Inventor
Rifat Iqbal
Dosten Baluch
Jonathan Michael Blackledge
Original Assignee
Durand Technology Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Durand Technology Limited filed Critical Durand Technology Limited
Publication of WO2004062938A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004062938A2/fr
Publication of WO2004062938A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004062938A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to security, authentication or copy protection marking of documents, such as currency notes or cheques or other valuable documents, or of high value products such as performance-critical parts, pharmaceuticals or luxury products such as containers of perfume etc. That is to say, the invention relates to the provision on such documents or products of a means by which persons receiving the same may be assured of their authenticity and, conversely, of a means which will make it more difficult for counterfeits of such documents or products to be produced which will pass as authentic products or documents.
  • this is achieved through the use of sheets, films or layers of light-transmitting materials which can be applied to or incorporated in such a document or product and which utilise light refracting or light reflecting properties to provide a security or authentication marking or to provide a critical property of such security or authentication marking.
  • Such sheets or layers are also referred to herein as "light management films”.
  • a document or product incorporating a security or authentication marking in the form of refractive index variations or other variations in light managing properties, in a layer or sheet of light-transmitting material provided on or in at least part of said document or product.
  • a method of providing a security or authentication marking on a document or product comprising applying to such document or product a light-transmitting sheet or layer incorporating refractive index variations or other variations in light managing properties.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a currency note provided with a security or authentication marking in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view, to an enlarged scale, illustrating another embodiment ofthe invention.
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c illustrate successive stages in the production of a marking in accordance with another embodiment ofthe invention.
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 a illustrating a further embodiment.
  • photopolymerisable systems enable, inter alia, the production of what are herein referred to, for convenience, as "light management films" which can be applied by a coating or moulding technique to currency notes or documents and can be engineered to provide effects, as described below, useful in relation to security or authentication markings.
  • Such mixtures or systems incorporate organic prepolymers which, when exposed to appropriate forms of electromagnetic radiation, undergo polymerisation in the areas exposed, whereby, after any necessary processing steps, a light-transmitting sheet or layer is obtained, which may be characterised by refractive index variations and/or by variations in layer thickness (i.e. by surface relief features, or by combinations of such features).
  • the present invention is concerned with the application of such materials in, for example, marking or otherwise distinguishing currency notes or certificates, credit cards, CDs, CD ROMS, DVDs, bank cards, ID cards and the like in such a way as to provide effects which will allow holders or users to assure themselves that the document or product is genuine and not a counterfeit and which, accordingly, will make it much more difficult for counterfeiters to produce convincing counterfeit documents or products.
  • a UV-curable or thermally curable photopolymer blend containing a prismatic structure or a lens structure adapted to modify the passage of light therethrough in such a way that, for example, a legend, picture, device or watermark is visible only at a certain angle of view.
  • the marking itself (highly visible) may also be encrypted or encoded, for example comprising a serial number or other marking which can provide an assurance of authenticity to an individual (or apparatus) provided with an appropriate "key” but such that counterfeiters are unable to devise corresponding markings which will pass the "authenticity test".
  • a light management film formed from one or other of the photopolymer systems disclosed in the annex, is moulded onto a document, such as a currency note, which is provided with a hole or window, the arrangement being such that the light management film extends over said hole or window.
  • the light management film may incorporate a security code or "watermark" only readable at a certain angle of view.
  • first class of embodiments of the present invention in which the security marking is actually incorporated in the light management film and a second class of embodiments in which the light management film obscures a security marking provided on the document or product underlying the film, (for example, printed on the surface of the document or product), except from a predetermined angle of view.
  • a particular security marking may have the characteristics of both of these classes, possibly even in the same area ofthe document or at least interspersed within a particular area.
  • some embodiments of the invention rely upon the production of predetermined refractive index variations within a light management film, others may rely upon surface relief configuration to produce refraction at such surface or, more generally, upon interface relief, where a material of a second refractive index is applied as a coating over a material of a first refractive index and the interface between the two materials is contoured in a predetermined fashion so that refraction, and possibly even reflection, of light occurs at the interface between the two materials.
  • the product appears as an ordinary diffuser when viewed along such normal but, when viewed obliquely, appears as a transparent film.
  • the same photopolymerisable material when exposed to non-collimated light, cures to form a film which acts as a simple light diffuser regardless of the direction in which it is viewed. It will be understood that these characteristics can be used in the production of a security marking in accordance with the invention.
  • a film of such photopolymerisable material may be exposed to collimated radiation through an optical mask which is, for example, opaque apart from transparent lettering or numbering, the film, after such exposure to collimated light, in each case, being subjected to blanketing UV radiation to polymerise the previously unexposed regions accordingly.
  • the lettering or numbering will be substantially invisible when viewed in the direction of collimation ofthe collimated radiation since it will effectively be “misty” lettering or numbering against the "misty” background, but when viewed at the appropriate oblique angle the lettering or numbering will be discernible (assuming that the film is applied over a suitably contrasting part ofthe surface ofthe document or product concerned), as being grey lettering or numbering against a clear background or clear lettering or numbering against an opaque background.
  • the method of applying a security marking, (or applying a light management film to an existing security marking) in accordance with the invention may involve either applying the photopolymerisable system (e.g. as a viscous liquid) to the document or product concerned and exposing it to polarising radiation, (e.g. ultra violet light), ofthe appropriate nature, (e.g.
  • the light management film may be processed separately, for example as described in PCT/GBO 1/04978 or the annex hereto with reference to Figures 8 to 10 of that specification or annex, and subsequently applied, e.g. by means of a transparent adhesive, to the document or product concerned.
  • a transparent adhesive e.g. by means of a transparent adhesive
  • samples of photopolymer for application as light engineering films to documents or products were prepared using silicone - based (eg. silicone acrylate based) photopolymerisable systems selected from the systems indicated in PCT/GBO 1/04978 as being effective.
  • silicone - based photopolymerisable systems selected from the systems indicated in PCT/GBO 1/04978 as being effective.
  • Such a UV- curable photopolymerisable system or blend of appropriate rheology as characterised by rheological studies was coated onto a substrate in the form of a glass tile or plate, for example.
  • As the polymerisation of such photopolymerisable systems is in general inhibited by contact with oxygen, it is necessary to exclude oxygen, either by providing a covering layer of impermeable material such as mylar or by a blanket of inert gas (e.g. nitrogen) during exposure.
  • inert gas e.g. nitrogen
  • the coated substrate is passed under a nitrogen blanket whilst being exposed to collimated UV light for a period.
  • a cover sheet of mylar could be placed on top ofthe coating followed by UV-curing.
  • the photopolymerisable material was first exposed through the mask (a "contact printing” technique).
  • the tile or plate was then given a "blanket” exposure to UV from the side opposite the mask (and thus not through the mask), turned over and similarly exposed for a further period.
  • the exposure to collimated radiation produces a film which appears as a normal light-diffuser, (i.e., appears misty) when viewed on-axis, i.e.
  • the film is provided, (eg., as described above), with a certain pattern during the curing, for example so that the marking becomes visible when the film and the product or document is viewed off-axis.
  • This unique marking makes the film ideal for anti-counterfeit applications such as currency, CDs, bank cards, etc.
  • the marking itself may incorporate some encryption, as an additional layer of security.
  • Figure 1 a patch of Sumitomo No. 7 adhesive was applied to the bottom right hand corner of a Bank of England ten pound note. A hole 15 was punched through the note and the adhesive patch.
  • a light management film was prepared as described above using formulation MCL 77 described in Table 1 in the Annexe (opaque on-axis, transparent off-axis), the collimated exposure being effected through a mask configured to produce a predetermined security marking or code. This film was fixed over the adhesive so as to extend over the hole. The code in the light management film, in the region within the hole, could only be read at a certain angle.
  • a hole was punched in the top right hand corner of a bank card, to which a patch of Sumitomo No. 7 adhesive had also been fixed, the hole likewise being punched through the adhesive patch.
  • a patch of light management film of the same character as described in relation to the preceding examples, (opaque on-axis, transparent off-axis) and again prepared using MCL 77, was applied over the adhesive. Again, the code within the region ofthe light management film extending over the hole could only be read at a certain angle.
  • light management films cut to appropriate size and treated with suitable adhesion promoters were molded onto currency notes, CDs and bank cards by applying a pressure in a molding press in the range 3 to 20 tons per square inch. Results similar to those noted above were obtained.
  • a transparency bearing a legend, picture, or "watermark” or the like was placed on the underside of the mylar or glass substrate coated with the UV-curable photopolymer blend. The coated substrate was passed under a nitrogen blanket, (or was covered by a cover sheet of mylar, placed on top of the coating), whilst being exposed, from below, to collimated UV light for a period.
  • a legend, picture, watermark is placed on the underside ofthe substrate being mylar or glass which is coated with the UV-curable photopolymer blend.
  • the coated substrate is passed under a nitrogen blanket whilst being exposed to UV light for a standard period (e.g. two minutes), alternatively a cover sheet of mylar is placed on top of the coating followed by UV-curing.
  • a legend, picture, watermark is placed on the non-gelatin side ofthe mask and the photopolymerisable material was first exposed through the mask. The tile or plate was then turned over and similarly exposed for a further period to provide a "blanket" exposure.
  • a diffuser is formed that is transparent off-axis.
  • An image is imprinted into the film depending upon the legend, picture, watermark used during the curing. This unique encryption makes the film ideal for anti-counterfeit applications such as currency, CDs, Bank cards.
  • the substrate being glass or mylar is coated with the UV-curable photopolymer blend and a cover sheet of mylar placed on top.
  • a legend, shape or pattern was placed directly in the path ofthe UV light on top ofthe cover sheet of mylar and exposed to UV light for a standard period (e.g. two minutes).
  • the photopolymerisable material was first exposed through the mask.
  • the tile or plate was then turned over, a legend, shape or pattern was placed directly on top of the mylar and similarly exposed for a further period to provide a "blanket" exposure.
  • a diffuser is formed that is transparent off-axis.
  • An image is imprinted into the film depending upon the legend, picture, watermark used during the curing. This unique encryption makes the film ideal for anti-counterfeit applications such as currency, CDs, Bank cards.
  • a first light-transmitting material with a high refractive index, (which material may be, but need not be, a photopolymer produced by UV- curing any of the systems disclosed in the annex hereto), is applied to a product or document and the surface of the first material remote from the surface ofthe product or document is provided with a prismatic structure, (for example, as illustrated in Figure 2, comprising a series of similar parallel isosceles-triangular or pent-shaped ridges with intervening v-section grooves).
  • a prismatic structure for example, as illustrated in Figure 2, comprising a series of similar parallel isosceles-triangular or pent-shaped ridges with intervening v-section grooves.
  • This prismatic structure may, for example, be formed by embossing the material with a Ni or Cu drum which has a master pattern thereon, or by coating the photoplymerisable blend, in a liquid state, onto such a Ni or Cu drum with a complementary pattern and curing the material by heat or by exposure to UV light whilst still on the drum before peeling the material off the drum.
  • a top coat of a light transmitting material of a substantially lower refractive index which top coat has good adhesion to the polymerised film.
  • the top coat may be applied whilst the first material is still on said drum and subsequently the first material and superimposed top coat may be peeled off, as one, from the drum, or the top coat may be applied after the prismatic first material is in situ on the document or product to be marked.
  • the prism structure is illustrated in Figure 2, which shows the combined prismatic material and top coat in position on, for example, the surface of a document bearing a security marking, such as a code number.
  • ⁇ the angle of inclination of the flanks of the prism structure with respect to the lower surface of the first material or the upper surface of the top coat.
  • a legend, picture , watermark, or the like was provided on the underside of an optically transparent carrier (e.g. polyester or polycarbonate).
  • This carrier was coated with a high refractive index UV-curable photopolymer blend and embossed with a prism pattern, achieved by a Ni or Cu drum which has a master pattern.
  • a topcoat which has good adhesion to the polymerised film was applied and cured by a suitable method (e.g. thermal- or UV-curing).
  • the legend, picture, watermark was readable at a certain viewing angle.
  • the underside of a transparent substrate 20 is imprinted (22) with a legend, pattern, picture or the like which is intended to be readable only at a certain viewing angle.
  • a layer 24 of a photopolymerisable material such as one of those disclosed in the annex to the specification, (e.g. MCL77) is applied on top ofthe substrate 20 and an optical mask 26 applied over the layer 24, after which the layer 24 is exposed to collimated UV light through the mask 26.
  • the mask pattern may, for example, comprise an array of circular holes or windows in an otherwise opaque field or may comprise an array of clear slots in an otherwise opaque field.
  • the UV exposure causes the regions not masked by the opaque parts of the mask to polymerise and solidify.
  • the remainder of the (uncured) material 24 may then be washed away leaving islands (or strips) of polymer upstanding from the substrate as shown in Figure 3b.
  • the combination is heated, so that as illustrated in Figure 3 c, the islands or strips melt to form rounded, lenticular globules, which act as lenses conditioning the viewing ofthe imprinted pattern of the underside of the substrate so that, as intended, it is readable only at the intended angle.
  • the unit comprising the substrate, printed legend etc., and the lens array together forms a security marking which may be applied, e.g. by adhesive, to a product or document.
  • a master may be formed which is then replicated and a replicate coated to form the film.
  • the lens array could be formed as described with reference to Figures 3 a to 3 c without the imprinted pattern shown in these figures and turned upside down and placed against a surface bearing a legend, picture or pattern. It would then only be readable at a certain viewing angle. This is illustrated in Figure 4.
  • Films formed with the photopolymerisable system or mixture via UV-curing or thermal curing of a photopolymer blend can be used in combination with the prismatic structure or lens arrangement of Figures 2 to 4 or can be used alone.
  • Light management films consisting of graded refractive index materials with both regular and irregular structures, i.e. diffusers, produce a characteristic diffraction or 'speckle' pattern in the transmitted field when a coherent light source (typically a He-Ne laser) is directed at them.
  • a coherent light source typically a He-Ne laser
  • the reflected field can be recorded, as opposed to the transmitted field.
  • Coherent image formation is based on the following model [1]
  • coherent images are approximately characterized by a Rayleigh type distribution ofthe general form
  • Equation 1 suggests the use of a least squares approach to the determination of and ⁇ for example along with conventional statistical parameters such as the mean, standard deviation, mode etc.
  • MCL 189 or '189' and RiffixTM MCL 284 or '284' using a transmission mode.
  • Typical speckle patterns and their histograms are shown in Figures 1-3 for RiffixTM MCL 189 (top) and RiffixTM MCL 284 (bottom) for three 'shots'.
  • a light-transmitting material is applied either to an efficient and smooth reflector applied to a product or document or on a light-reflecting part of said product or document, to provide a means of authenticating said product or document.
  • a speckle pattern is obtained in the reflected field which may be recorded with a standard CCD camera or other suitable device.
  • a neutral density filter may be used to reduce the light intensity and/or the camera may be placed at an angle to the diffuser (as required) for the same reason.
  • a light-transmitting material is applied to a product or document either on a clear part, such as the central part of a CD, or over a hole, for example a hole punched into a Bank of England ten pound note.
  • a speckle pattern is obtained in the transmitted field which may be recorded as described above.
  • the speckle pattern recorded in both the above embodiments is a fingerprint of that diffuser and is critically dependent and highly sensitive to the internal physiochemical structure of the diffuser material which, in turn, is critically dependent on the diffuser type and the batch process used.
  • a batch of fingerprinted diffuser can be used to authenticate items such as credit cards and, also, to provide copy protection.
  • An authentication system with fixed optics is required and the authentication templates determined for each system prior to their use. Any change in the optical configuration will lead to changes in the characteristics of the speckle pattern that are not material dependent.
  • an authentication detector system for reading the speckle pattern and calculating a mathematical code will consist of i) a coherent light source ii) CCD camera or other imaging system iii) a microprocessor and iv) a test position in a layout that is fixed for the application.

Abstract

Selon l'invention, une cote de sécurité ou d'authentification placée sur un document ou un produit est matérialisée par des variations de l'indice de réfraction ou d'autres variations des propriétés d'exploitation de la lumière, dans une couche ou une feuille d'un matériau électroluminescent disposé sur ou intégré à au moins une partie du document ou du produit. Le matériau électroluminescent peut se présenter sous la forme d'une feuille dudit matériau électroluminescent étendue sur une ouverture ou une fenêtre électroluminescente du document ou du produit, ou étendue dans une couche, en travers d'une partie électroluminescente du produit, ou bien sur une partie dudit document ou produit qui réfléchit la lumière.
PCT/GB2004/000069 2003-01-10 2004-01-09 Ameliorations apportees ou se rapportant a des cotes de securite ou d'authentification et analogues WO2004062938A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0300555.0 2003-01-10
GB0300555A GB0300555D0 (en) 2003-01-10 2003-01-10 Improvements in or relating to security or authentication markings or the like

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/203,366 Continuation US7415767B2 (en) 2003-02-19 2005-08-12 Safety razors

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WO2004062938A2 true WO2004062938A2 (fr) 2004-07-29
WO2004062938A3 WO2004062938A3 (fr) 2004-12-02

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006095161A2 (fr) 2005-03-10 2006-09-14 De La Rue International Limited Dispositif de securite fonde sur un film a microprisme personnalise
AU2007306918B2 (en) * 2006-10-12 2014-02-20 Ccl Secure Pty Ltd A security document with micro-prisms
US8950877B2 (en) 2009-11-12 2015-02-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Security markings in retroreflective sheeting

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2221870A (en) * 1988-05-31 1990-02-21 De La Rue Co Plc Security device
US5074596A (en) * 1989-02-23 1991-12-24 De La Rue Giori S.A. Currency paper, especially bank note, with a safety design and process for producing it
US5199744A (en) * 1988-09-09 1993-04-06 De La Rue Plc Security device
US5881196A (en) * 1996-10-24 1999-03-09 Phillips; Stephen Waveguide security device
EP1028359A1 (fr) * 1998-08-27 2000-08-16 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation Systeme de detection d'authenticite et procede d'utilisation d'un film de detection d'authenticite
EP1060908A2 (fr) * 1999-06-11 2000-12-20 HSM Holographic Systems München GmbH Marque d'authenticité optique
DE10032128A1 (de) * 2000-07-05 2002-01-17 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitspapier und daraus hergestelltes Wertdokument

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2221870A (en) * 1988-05-31 1990-02-21 De La Rue Co Plc Security device
US5199744A (en) * 1988-09-09 1993-04-06 De La Rue Plc Security device
US5074596A (en) * 1989-02-23 1991-12-24 De La Rue Giori S.A. Currency paper, especially bank note, with a safety design and process for producing it
US5881196A (en) * 1996-10-24 1999-03-09 Phillips; Stephen Waveguide security device
EP1028359A1 (fr) * 1998-08-27 2000-08-16 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation Systeme de detection d'authenticite et procede d'utilisation d'un film de detection d'authenticite
EP1060908A2 (fr) * 1999-06-11 2000-12-20 HSM Holographic Systems München GmbH Marque d'authenticité optique
DE10032128A1 (de) * 2000-07-05 2002-01-17 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitspapier und daraus hergestelltes Wertdokument

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006095161A2 (fr) 2005-03-10 2006-09-14 De La Rue International Limited Dispositif de securite fonde sur un film a microprisme personnalise
WO2006095161A3 (fr) * 2005-03-10 2006-12-21 Rue De Int Ltd Dispositif de securite fonde sur un film a microprisme personnalise
AU2006221856B2 (en) * 2005-03-10 2009-07-02 De La Rue International Limited Article and security device based on customised microprism film
US7903308B2 (en) 2005-03-10 2011-03-08 De La Rue International Limited Security device based on customized microprism film
AU2007306918B2 (en) * 2006-10-12 2014-02-20 Ccl Secure Pty Ltd A security document with micro-prisms
DE112007002427B4 (de) * 2006-10-12 2017-11-02 Ccl Secure Pty Ltd Sicherheitsdokument mit Mikroprismen
US8950877B2 (en) 2009-11-12 2015-02-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Security markings in retroreflective sheeting

Also Published As

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WO2004062938A3 (fr) 2004-12-02
GB0300555D0 (en) 2003-02-12

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