WO2004059194A1 - Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings - Google Patents
Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004059194A1 WO2004059194A1 PCT/US2003/040347 US0340347W WO2004059194A1 WO 2004059194 A1 WO2004059194 A1 WO 2004059194A1 US 0340347 W US0340347 W US 0340347W WO 2004059194 A1 WO2004059194 A1 WO 2004059194A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- teeth
- sprocket
- sprocket assembly
- set forth
- flank
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(COP(O)(O)=O)C(C=O)=C1O NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
- F16H7/06—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members with chains
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/30—Chain-wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/08—Profiling
- F16H2055/086—Silent gear profiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/30—Chain-wheels
- F16H2055/306—Chain-wheels with means providing resilience or vibration damping in chain sprocket wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/0006—Vibration-damping or noise reducing means specially adapted for gearings
Definitions
- Figures 1, 2A and 2B illustrate a conventional sprocket assembly S including a sprocket body 10, circular metal cushion rings 12a,12b positioned respectively adjacent first and second axial faces 14a,14b of a sprocket body 10.
- the sprocket body 10 defines a bore B or other recess about a central axis of rotation L, and first and second hubs 16a,16b project axially outward in opposite directions from the first and second faces 14a, 14b, respectively.
- the hubs 16a,16b each define a cylindrical outer diameter that is centered on the axis L and that is received within the inner diameter of each of the rings 12a,12b.
- the inner diameter of the rings 12a, 12b is larger than the outer diameter of the hubs
- First and second flanges 18a, 18b are respectively secured via welding or otherwise to the first and second hubs 6a,16b and capture the first and second rings 12a, 12b on the first and second hubs, while still allowing the eccentric floating movement of the rings 12a,12b on the outer diameter of the hubs.
- the sprocket body 10 further comprises a plurality of teeth 20 defined therein and separated from each other by tooth spaces 22.
- Each tooth 20 includes an "engaging" or "drive” flank 24 and a “disengaging” or “coast” flank 26, with the drive flank 24 being downstream relative to the coast flank 26 in terms of the direction in which the sprocket rotates (see arrow 11).
- the tooth spaces 22 are defined between circumferentially successive drive and coast flanks 24,26.
- teeth 20 and tooth spaces 22 of the sprocket body 10 are purely symmetrical in configuration. More particularly, known sprocket assemblies S with metal cushion rings 12a, 12b have included all identical teeth 20, and all of these identical teeth 20 have been defined by drive and coast flanks 24,26 that are symmetrical relative to each other, i.e., the flank 26 is a mirror image of the flank 24.
- the sprocket body 10 and teeth 20 thereof are commonly defined in accordance with the ISO-606 standard as is well-known in the art.
- the prior sprocket bodies 10 are defined from any suitable material such as steel or other metal, typically as a one-piece construction by powdered metal techniques, casting or machining or can be fabricated from separate components that are welded or otherwise secured together.
- the rings 12a,12b are typically defined from a suitable metal such as bearing-grade steel.
- the cushion rings 12a,12b buffer or soften the impact of chain links of an associated roller or bush chain as the relevant portions of the chain mesh with the sprocket S.
- the links of the chain contact and lay on the outer surface of the rings 12a,12b, and the rings 12a, 12b gradually move to a position that allows the chain rollers to mesh fully with the sprocket teeth 20.
- Sprocket assemblies S as described are typically used in automotive chain drive systems such as timing and/or balance drive systems. Summary
- a sprocket assembly comprises a sprocket body including: (i) first and second hubs that project axially outward from opposite first and second axial faces; and, (ii) a plurality of teeth that extend circumferentially in a row and that project radially outward between the first and second hubs.
- Each of the teeth includes a drive flank and a coast flank, and the drive flank and coast flank of at least some of the teeth are shaped differently from each other so as to define an asymmetric tooth profile.
- First and second metal cushion rings are captured and float eccentrically on the first and second hubs, respectively.
- a sprocket assembly formed in accordance with the present invention exhibits improved (reduced) noise and vibration characteristics when operatively meshed with an associated chain in an automotive timing system.
- Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a conventional (non-asymmetric) sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings;
- Fig. 2A is an exploded isometric view of the sprocket shown in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 2B is similar to Fig. 2A but shows the opposite side of the sprocket assembly
- Fig.3 is a partial front elevational view of a chain drive system comprising a roller chain meshing with an asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings formed in accordance with the present development;
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are isometric views of opposite axial faces of the asymmetric sprocket assembly of FIG. 3;
- Fig. 4A is a front elevational view that shows the chain drive system of Fig. 3, with portions of the sprocket assembly broken away;
- Fig. 4B is a rear elevational view that shows the chain drive system of Fig. 3, with portions of the sprocket assembly broken away;
- Fig. 5 is another view of the chain drive system of Fig. 3, with the entire flange 1 18a and certain chain link plates removed to reveal the action of the cushion ring 1 12a (portions of the sprocket body that would ordinarily be hidden by the chain are shown in solid lines to aid in understanding operation of the development);
- Fig. 6 is a greatly enlarged partial view corresponding to region 6 of Fig. 5;
- Fig. 7 is a partial view of a sprocket body of an asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings formed in accordance with an alternative embodiment;
- Fig. 8 is a partial view of a sprocket body used as part of an asymmetric sprocket assembly formed in accordance with an alternative embodiment.
- Figs. 3 - 7 illustrate a sprocket assembly AS formed in accordance with the present invention as part of a chain drive system CDS such as an automotive timing or balance drive system or the like.
- the chain drive system CDS comprises the sprocket assembly AS and a chain C which is shown herein as a roller chain but can also be a bush chain.
- the chain C comprises pins CP, rollers CR (see FIGS. 5 and 6 where certain links are removed to show the rollers) supported by the pins CP, roller link plates RLP and pin link plates PLP.
- the sprocket assembly AS can be either a drive sprocket or a driven sprocket and, except as otherwise shown and/or described, is identical to the sprocket assembly S disclosed above with reference to Figs. 1 , 2A and 2B.
- the sprocket assembly AS comprises sprocket body 110, and first and second metal cushion rings 112a, 112b are positioned respectively adjacent first and second axial faces 114a,114b (see also Fig. 4A) of a sprocket body 110.
- the sprocket body 110 includes a bore B or recess defined about a central axis of rotation L that receives a drive shaft or a driven shaft (not shown).
- the sprocket body 110 is defined from any suitable metal such as steel or the like.
- the body 110 is defined from a one-piece construction by compacted powdered metal techniques, casting, forging and/or machining or can be fabricated from separate components that are welded or otherwise secured together.
- the rings 112a,112b are preferably defined from a suitable metal such as bearing-grade steel.
- first and second hubs 116a,116b project axially outwardly in opposite directions along the axis L from the first and second opposite sprocket body faces 114a, 114b, respectively.
- the hubs 116a,116b define cylindrical outer diameters ODa,ODb that are centered on the axis L and that are received within the cylindrical inner diameters IDa,IDb of the rings 112a,112b, respectively (the flanges 118a, 118b, which are described in further detail below, and the rings 112a,112b are partially broken away to reveal the sprocket body 110).
- the inner diameter IDa,IDb of the rings 112a,112b is larger than the outer diameter ODa,ODb of the hubs 116a,116b so that the rings 112a, 112b eccentrically float on the respective first and second hubs 116a,116b while axially captured in grooves defined between the flanges 118a, 118b and sprocket faces 114a, 114b, respectively.
- the first and second flanges 118a,118b are radially enlarged relative to the hubs 116a,116b and are respectively secured via welding or otherwise to, or are defined as a one-piece construction with, the first and second hubs 116a,116b and capture the first and second rings 112a,112b on the first and second hubs 116a,116b, while still allowing the eccentric floating movement of the rings 112a,112b on the outer diameter ODa,ODb of the respective hubs 116a,116b.
- annular channels 119a,119b are defined respectively between the flanges 118a,118b and faces 114a,114b, and the rings 112a,112b are located in these channels, respectively.
- the sprocket body 110 further comprises or defines a plurality of teeth 120 that extend circumferentially around the body 110 in a row and that project radially outward therefrom axially between hubs 116a,116b. Tooth spaces 122 are defined circumferentially between successive teeth 120.
- Each tooth includes an "engaging” or “drive” flank 124 and a “disengaging” or “coast” flank 126, with the drive flank 124 being downstream relative to (ahead of) the coast flank 126 in terms of the direction in which the sprocket assembly AS rotates as shown by arrow 11.
- At least a plurality and preferably all of the teeth 120 and tooth spaces 122 of the sprocket AS are asymmetric to reduce noise and vibration associated with the meshing impacts of the chain rollers CR with the sprocket teeth 120. More particularly, at least a plurality of the teeth 120 are defined by drive and coast flanks 124,126 that are non-symmetrical relative to each other, i.e., the flank 126 is shaped differently from (i.e., not a mirror image of) the flank 124 for at least one and preferably all the teeth 120.
- all teeth 120 can be identical to each other or, alternatively, some of the teeth 120 can be different from the others and arranged in a regular or an irregular or "random" patterns on the sprocket body 110 in order to modulate the frequency of impacts between the chain rollers CR and sprocket teeth 120.
- the teeth 120 and tooth spaces 122 are formed to have any suitable shape that results in asymmetric (i.e., differently shaped) flanks 124,126, and it is preferred that the engaging flank 124 be steeper than the disengaging flank 126 as shown so that the chain rollers CR make tangential impact with the engaging flank 124 at onset of meshing before seating in relevant tooth space 122.
- the flanks 124,126 are defined by circular arc sections or involutes and optionally include flats or other features to reduce noise and vibration. Examples of suitable preferred profiles for asymmetric teeth 120 and tooth spaces 122 are found in the following U.S.
- Patent documents and the disclosures of all of same are hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein: (i) 6,371 ,875; (ii) 6,325,734; (iii) 6,179,741 ; (iv) 6.090,003; (v) 5,997,424; (vi) 5,993,344; (vii) 5,976,045; (viii) 5,921,879; (ix) 5,921 ,878; and, (x) 5,876,295.
- Fig. 8 shows a sprocket body 210 that that can be used in place of the sprocket body 110 to define the sprocket assembly AS.
- the sprocket body 210 is identical to the sprocket body 110 except that it comprises a combination of different suitable asymmetric teeth 120a,120b arranged in a regular or irregular, random pattern relative to each other about the sprocket.
- At least 5,921 ,879; 5,976,045; 6,090,003; 5,997,424; 6,179,741 disclose asymmetric sprockets having different asymmetric teeth arranged on a single sprocket in a regular or irregular, random pattern in a manner suitable for use as the teeth 120 of the sprocket body 110 to thus define a sprocket body 210.
- Such an arrangement of differently shaped asymmetric teeth 120a,120b serves to modulate the frequency of initial impacts between the rollers CR of chain C and the teeth 120 of sprocket body 110 as the chain C meshes with sprocket body 110 which serves to reduce noise and vibration.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate operation of the sprocket assembly AS (in both cases, chain links are removed and features that would ordinarily be hidden are shown in solid lines to facilitate an understanding of the development). It can be seen that certain rollers CR of the chain C that fall within the wrap angle ⁇ are fully seated in respective tooth spaces 120 while other rollers CR outside of the wrap are partially seated or completely unmeshed relative to the sprocket AS.
- the overall geometry of the chain drive system CDS determines the magnitude of the chain wrap angle ⁇ . As shown in FIG. 6, aligned pairs roller link plates RLP engage the rings 112a,112b on opposite axial sides of the teeth 120 as the rollers CR located between the plates RLP move into engagement with the teeth
- PLP and roller link plates RLP contact the outer surface of the rings 112a, 112b and displace the rings 112a,112b radially a distance D between initial contact and full seating of the relevant rollers CR.
- the rings 112a, 112b dampen the impact between the rollers CR and the teeth 120 of the sprocket body 110 to reduce noise.
- the outer diameter of each ring 112a,112b is decreased to control the radial displacement distance D that would otherwise increase with an increased wrap angle ⁇ .
- the sprocket assembly AS can optionally be constructed with an alternative sprocket body 110" as shown in Fig. 7.
- the sprocket body 110' is identical to the sprocket body 110 and, thus, like components are identified with like reference numerals including a primed (') suffix.
- the tooth spaces 122' defined between successive teeth 120" of the sprocket body 110' are defined with root relief, i.e., where the root surface 122r that is located between the engaging flank 124' and disengaging flank 126' is "relieved" so that a space RR is defined between the root surface 122r and a roller CR that is fully seated in the tooth space 122' and bridging the root surface 122r while seated at locations S1,S2 of the engaging flank 124" and disengaging flank 126', respectively.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004563751A JP2006511769A (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion ring |
MXPA05006654A MXPA05006654A (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings. |
AU2003299690A AU2003299690A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings |
GB0512518A GB2411217B (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings |
BR0317476-0A BR0317476A (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal shock absorbing rings |
CA002510153A CA2510153A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US43555502P | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | |
US60/435,555 | 2002-12-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004059194A1 true WO2004059194A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
Family
ID=32682260
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/040347 WO2004059194A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Asymmetric sprocket assembly with metal cushion rings |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040204274A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006511769A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1726363A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003299690A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0317476A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2510153A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2411217B (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05006654A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004059194A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2245259A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2005-12-16 | Afher Eurobelt, S.A. | Drag crown for conveyor chain, has peak sections formed for insertion between protuberances of conveyor chain links, and formed in tapered isosceles shape divergent towards teeth and with concave side faces |
WO2007041291A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Cloyes Gear And Products, Inc. | Multiple-cushion ring sprocket assembly |
WO2007109420A1 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Borgwarner Inc | Chain noise reduction device |
CN101273221B (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2011-10-12 | 克劳伊斯传动装置产品有限公司 | Roller chain sprocket with multiple cushion rings |
DE102004052333B4 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2013-11-07 | Tsubakimoto Chain Co. | Roller chain transmission device |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8202185B2 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2012-06-19 | Borgwarner Inc. | Random elastomer cushion rings for a chain sprocket |
US20060073927A1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-06 | Borgwarner Inc. | Elastomer cushion ring for a random tooth roller chain sprocket |
DE102006017247A1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-18 | JOH. WINKLHOFER & SÖHNE GMBH & Co. KG | Sprocket and timing chain drive to compensate for dynamic loads |
US20070270260A1 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-22 | Latham Andrew V | Hub carrier with interchangeable sprockets having different teeth configurations |
US8820192B2 (en) | 2009-04-29 | 2014-09-02 | Race Face Prerformance Products Inc. | Bicycle crank arm and insert therefore |
JP5559596B2 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2014-07-23 | ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド | Sprocket cushion structure |
DE102011010855B4 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2021-04-01 | Sram Deutschland Gmbh | Multiple pinion arrangement with a damping device |
CA3106988A1 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-27 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Three wheeled vehicle frame arrangement |
RU2482357C1 (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2013-05-20 | Денис Николаевич Мендрух | Gear wheel |
US9469374B2 (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-10-18 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Sprocket flange |
EP3239035A1 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2017-11-01 | Fox Factory, Inc. | Bicycle front sprocket |
US11014628B2 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2021-05-25 | Fox Factory, Inc. | Cinch direct mount 2X ring system |
US11359709B2 (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2022-06-14 | Fox Factory, Inc. | Chainring |
US11680633B2 (en) | 2019-02-08 | 2023-06-20 | Fox Factory, Inc. | Chainring |
DE102021131345A1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-06-01 | Catensys Germany Gmbh | Chain drive and sprocket with inverted teeth and an accidentally or intentionally different arcuate tooth profile |
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2003
- 2003-12-19 JP JP2004563751A patent/JP2006511769A/en active Pending
- 2003-12-19 MX MXPA05006654A patent/MXPA05006654A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-19 AU AU2003299690A patent/AU2003299690A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-19 CN CNA2003801063101A patent/CN1726363A/en active Pending
- 2003-12-19 WO PCT/US2003/040347 patent/WO2004059194A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-19 GB GB0512518A patent/GB2411217B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-19 CA CA002510153A patent/CA2510153A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-19 US US10/740,777 patent/US20040204274A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-19 BR BR0317476-0A patent/BR0317476A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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US5876295A (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1999-03-02 | Cloyes Gear And Products, Inc. | Roller chain drive system having improved noise characteristics |
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US6371875B2 (en) | 1998-08-25 | 2002-04-16 | Cloyes Gear & Products, Inc. | Random engagement roller chain sprocket with cushion rings and root relief for improved noise characteristics |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102004052333B4 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2013-11-07 | Tsubakimoto Chain Co. | Roller chain transmission device |
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WO2007041291A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Cloyes Gear And Products, Inc. | Multiple-cushion ring sprocket assembly |
WO2008036095A2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-03-27 | Cloyes Gear And Products, Inc. | Roller chain sprocket having an improved tooth form and metal cushion rings |
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JP2009510362A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2009-03-12 | クロイズ ギア アンド プロダクツ インコーポレイテッド | Double buffer ring sprocket assembly |
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CN101273221B (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2011-10-12 | 克劳伊斯传动装置产品有限公司 | Roller chain sprocket with multiple cushion rings |
US8083624B2 (en) | 2005-09-29 | 2011-12-27 | Cloyes Gear And Products, Inc. | Roller chain sprocket having an improved tooth form and metal cushion rings |
WO2007109420A1 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Borgwarner Inc | Chain noise reduction device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1726363A (en) | 2006-01-25 |
CA2510153A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
AU2003299690A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
GB2411217B (en) | 2006-02-22 |
BR0317476A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
JP2006511769A (en) | 2006-04-06 |
GB0512518D0 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
GB2411217A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
MXPA05006654A (en) | 2005-09-30 |
US20040204274A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
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