WO2004058394A9 - Ajutage de reacteur vertical a passe unique - Google Patents

Ajutage de reacteur vertical a passe unique

Info

Publication number
WO2004058394A9
WO2004058394A9 PCT/RU2002/000557 RU0200557W WO2004058394A9 WO 2004058394 A9 WO2004058394 A9 WO 2004058394A9 RU 0200557 W RU0200557 W RU 0200557W WO 2004058394 A9 WO2004058394 A9 WO 2004058394A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lifting elements
elements
lowering
nozzle
reactor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2002/000557
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Other versions
WO2004058394A1 (fr
Inventor
Sergei Vasilievich Zhestkov
Vladimir Mikhailovich Kosyrev
Original Assignee
Sergei Vasilievich Zhestkov
Vladimir Mikhailovich Kosyrev
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sergei Vasilievich Zhestkov, Vladimir Mikhailovich Kosyrev filed Critical Sergei Vasilievich Zhestkov
Priority to AU2002366957A priority Critical patent/AU2002366957A1/en
Priority to UAA200507319A priority patent/UA79847C2/uk
Priority to PCT/RU2002/000557 priority patent/WO2004058394A1/fr
Publication of WO2004058394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004058394A1/fr
Publication of WO2004058394A9 publication Critical patent/WO2004058394A9/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles

Definitions

  • the technical field to which the invention relates The solution relates to the internal devices of chemical reactors for carrying out processes in a gas-liquid medium and can be used, for example, for the synthesis of urea (urea) from ammonia and carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures and pressures.
  • urea urea
  • a known reactor for carrying out processes in a gas-liquid medium, specifically for the synthesis of urea which is a vertical lined pressure vessel with fittings for input and output of reagents (Kucheryavy V.I., Lebedev V.V. Synthesis and use of urea. M.: Chemistry, 1970 , p. 316, Fig. 237).
  • the internal structure of the reactor is limited by two perforated partitions, so that the reactor can actually be considered a hollow apparatus.
  • the disadvantage of this device is its low efficiency. As established during operation, such devices operate in a low-intensity mode, close to perfect mixing.
  • the reactors that are equipped with these nozzles are characterized by insufficiently high efficiency of the synthesis process carried out in them and relatively low specific productivity due to insufficiently perfect distribution of the gas phase over the reactor cross section.
  • Known nozzle of a vertical reactor for carrying out processes in a gas-liquid medium This nozzle was first used in a carbamide synthesis reactor.
  • the nozzle includes horizontal perforated partitions and tubular contact devices secured by their upper ends to the support grid.
  • the contact device consists of vertical tubular elements of circular cross section: lowering and lifting, which are interconnected in the lower part by a U-shaped tubular element made of a pipe of the same diameter.
  • the parallel axes of the lowering and lifting elements are placed at a distance of two pipe diameters or more (preferably from two to six).
  • the ratio of the height of the contact element to the diameter of the pipe is in the range from 40 to 150.
  • the lowering element is plugged with a plug, the lower end of which is placed below the lower plane of the support grid (RF patent N '2168355, CL 01 J 10/00, publ. 2001) .
  • Tests of the nozzle under industrial conditions have shown its rather high efficiency.
  • the disadvantage of the known nozzle is the difficulty of placing tubular contact elements, especially with a large number of them.
  • the complexity of the placement of tubular contact elements makes it necessary to use contact elements of different lengths and heights, which under certain technological conditions adversely affects the uniformity of work due to differences in the hydraulic resistance of the elements. Similar problems have to be encountered in standard heat exchangers with U-shaped pipes (see the textbook Machines and Apparatuses for Chemical Production. I. I. Ponikarov, O. A. Perelygin, V. H. Doronin, M. G. Gainullin.- M. : Engineering, 1989, p. 13-15).
  • the manufacture of the known nozzle requires a large number of very expensive and scarce pipe products.
  • the design of the known nozzle is aimed at approximating the macroscopic structure of the flows in the reactor in as a whole to the regime of ideal displacement (especially in the lower part of the reactor) and to increase the specific productivity of the reactor. Thanks to the installation of vertical contact devices consisting of a lowering and lifting elements, transverse and longitudinal mixing of the reaction medium is eliminated in the area of their installation.
  • a disadvantage of the known nozzle is the relative complexity of the design, manufacture and assembly of contact devices and, as a consequence, its high cost.
  • An embodiment of the contact elements from the pipe involves the manufacture of narrow long plates, the width of which must be exactly equal to the inner diameter of the pipes, and the placement of these plates inside the pipes without gaps at the edges, which is already difficult, in addition, pipe rolling is much more expensive and scarce than sheet metal.
  • An embodiment of contact elements from S-shaped workpieces with subsequent welding of longitudinal seams requires an increased amount of welding work.
  • the design of contact devices determines their lack of rigidity and the possibility of resonance. To eliminate this negative phenomenon, additional reinforcing elements are required that complicate the nozzle design.
  • the problem to be solved is the improvement of the design of the nozzle of a vertical direct-flow reactor and its cheapening.
  • the technical result of the proposed design is to simplify the manufacture and assembly of contact devices and nozzles in general by simplifying the design of the contact device using flat and corrugated metal sheets as contact piece blanks.
  • the technical result is also achieved by the fact that in each linear block the lowering and lifting elements are placed alternating through one corrugation, the ratio of the height of the corrugation to the step of the corrugations is in the range from 1/2 to 1/5, and the ratio of the height of the contact device to the height of the corrugation is ranging from 30 to 150.
  • lifting elements which are made of corrugated walls fixed to the support grid by a vertical plate and tightly connected to it on both sides, the corrugations are placed vertically, the corrugation vertices are symmetrically relative to the vertical plate, and the plate in the lower part is provided with perforation, which communicates the lowering and lifting elements , allows you to refuse to use for the implementation of contact devices nozzles very expensive and scarce pipe products.
  • the placement of the lowering and lifting elements of the linear block with alternation provides a more uniform passage of gas and liquid reagents over the cross section of the reactor.
  • the implementation of the corrugations with the ratio of their height to step in the range from 1/2 to 1/5 also contributes to the achievement of the technical result.
  • a ratio of more than 1/2 the manufacturability of the nozzle deteriorates.
  • the ratio is less than 1/5, the nozzle cross-section decreases, or the number of linear blocks sharply increases, which also affects the manufacturability of the nozzle.
  • the ratio of the height of the contact device to the height of the corrugations be in the range from 30 to 150. With a ratio of less than 30, the stability of the hydrodynamic regime in the reactor is impaired. With a ratio of more than 150, the hydraulic resistance of the contact device increases significantly.
  • FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 The proposed nozzle design is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a vertical reactor with a nozzle installed in it
  • Fig. 2 shows the construction of contact devices in the form of linear blocks and their placement on a support grid (section AA of FIG. 1)
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the contact device and its attachment to the support grid (node B of Fig. 1)
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the contact device in the form of a linear block (section BB of Fig. 1)
  • Fig. 5 the lower part of the vertical plate with perforation (view G from Fig.Z).
  • the reactor where the nozzle is located contains a vertical body 1 with a cover 2, a nozzle 3.4 and 5 for introducing reagents and a nozzle b for outputting synthesis products.
  • the reactor nozzle consists of horizontal perforated partitions 7.8 and 9 (the number of partitions and the distance between them may be different) and contact devices 10, in the form of linear blocks.
  • Each device 10 consists of an equal number of lowering elements 11 and lifting elements 12. In each contact device 10, the lowering elements 11 and the lifting elements 12 are placed alternately.
  • Elements 11, 12 are formed by a vertical plate 14 fixed to the support grid 13 and corrugated walls 15 and 16 tightly connected to them. The corrugations are placed vertically.
  • the lowering and lifting channels of the contact devices are formed by a concave surface of the corrugations and a vertical surface (see figure 4).
  • the corrugation vertices are located symmetrically with respect to the vertical plate 14.
  • the contact devices 10 are muffled from below by a horizontal plate 17 attached to the corrugated walls 15 and 16.
  • the plate 14 in the lower part is provided with a perforation 18 communicating the lowering elements 11 and the lifting elements 12.
  • On the side wall of the lowering element 11 under the support grid 13 are separately located inlets for the gas phase 19 and for the liquid phase 20. Inlets for the gas phase
  • the upper end of the lowering element 11 is muffled.
  • the outlet 21 of the lifting element 12 is located on the support grid 13.
  • the corrugated walls 15 and 16 are tightly pressed against the vertical plate 14 by the screed 22
  • the support grid 13 is mounted horizontally in the reactor vessel.
  • a vertical shell 23 mounted coaxially to the reactor vessel is fixed to the support lattice 13 with the upper edge.
  • the height of the shell overlaps the inlet openings 19 and 20.
  • the corrugations of the walls 15 and 16, forming the lowering and lifting elements can have various shapes, namely: sinusoidal, trapezoidal, zigzag, rectangular, etc.
  • the ratio of the height of the corrugation to the step of the corrugations should be in the range from 1/2 to 1/5.
  • the height of the contact device must be such that its relation to the height of the corrugation is in the range from 30 to 150.
  • Corrugated walls can be made of relatively thin sheet metal (2-3 times thinner than the thickness of the pipes in the nozzle prototype).
  • the gas and liquid change the direction of movement, pass through the perforation 18, where the flow is redistributed over the cross section and enters the lifting element 12.
  • contacting occurs already under the conditions of an upward flow of phases.
  • Gas and liquid are discharged from the contact element through the hole 21.
  • the interaction continues in the space above the support grid 13 and further in the area where the perforated partitions 8 and 9 are installed.
  • the reaction process proceeds in the reactor volume filled with a nozzle in the form of perforated partitions and contact elements with lowering and lifting elements.
  • the reaction products are withdrawn through fitting ⁇ .
  • the production of the experimental model of the proposed nozzle of the urea synthesis reactor showed that its metal consumption is not higher than the metal consumption of the known nozzle, while the main technological indicators (specific productivity P, the degree of conversion of carbon dioxide to urea X) are not inferior to the indicators of the known nozzle.
  • the cost of manufacturing contact devices and assembling the proposed nozzle is 25-30% less.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs internes de réacteurs, qui permettent de réaliser des processus dans un milieu liquide-gaz. Un ajutage de réacteur selon l'invention comprend des cloisons perforées et des dispositifs de contact amortis par le fond, qui sont fixés par leurs extrémités supérieures à une grille de support horizontale. Chaque dispositif de contact est constitué d'un élément vertical descendant et d'un élément vertical montant. Les éléments descendants sont amortis par le sommet et possèdent des orifices d'admission de liquide et de gaz placés sur la surface latérale de leur partie supérieure, et les éléments montants possèdent, sur la grille de support, des orifices destinés à la sortie du mélange liquide-gaz. Les dispositifs de contact se présentent sous la forme d'unités linéaires, qui comprennent une quantité identique d'éléments descendants et montants. Les éléments sont fixés à la grille de support par une plaque verticale, et sont solidement reliés à celle-ci par des parois gaufrées. Les gaufrures sont disposées verticalement, et leurs sommets sont symétriques par rapport à la plaque verticale. Cette dernière est dotée, dans sa partie inférieure, d'une perforation qui relie les éléments descendant et montant. Dans chaque unité linéaire, les éléments descendant et montant sont disposés en alternance.
PCT/RU2002/000557 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Ajutage de reacteur vertical a passe unique WO2004058394A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002366957A AU2002366957A1 (en) 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Nozzle for a vertical once-through reactor
UAA200507319A UA79847C2 (en) 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Nozzle of vertical direct-flow reactor
PCT/RU2002/000557 WO2004058394A1 (fr) 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Ajutage de reacteur vertical a passe unique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2002/000557 WO2004058394A1 (fr) 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Ajutage de reacteur vertical a passe unique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004058394A1 WO2004058394A1 (fr) 2004-07-15
WO2004058394A9 true WO2004058394A9 (fr) 2004-12-23

Family

ID=32678132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2002/000557 WO2004058394A1 (fr) 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Ajutage de reacteur vertical a passe unique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002366957A1 (fr)
UA (1) UA79847C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004058394A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104984770A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2015-10-21 江苏建亚树脂科技有限公司 一种离子交换树脂塔

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0201614B1 (fr) * 1985-05-14 1989-12-27 GebràœDer Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft Réacteur pour exécuter des réactions chimiques catalytiques hétérogènes
US5242627A (en) * 1992-09-04 1993-09-07 Munters Corporation Contact bodies for liquid and gas
US5486318A (en) * 1994-12-29 1996-01-23 The Boc Group, Inc. Liquid-vapor contact column
RU2114691C1 (ru) * 1995-11-20 1998-07-10 Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью "Экос" Реактор
RU2168355C1 (ru) * 2000-04-03 2001-06-10 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Карбамида И Продуктов Органического Синтеза" Насадка вертикального реактора

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
UA79847C2 (en) 2007-07-25
AU2002366957A1 (en) 2004-07-22
WO2004058394A1 (fr) 2004-07-15

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