WO2004057773A1 - Método y aparato para el lazo externo del sistema de control de potencia de un sistema de comunicaciones móviles - Google Patents
Método y aparato para el lazo externo del sistema de control de potencia de un sistema de comunicaciones móviles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004057773A1 WO2004057773A1 PCT/ES2003/000630 ES0300630W WO2004057773A1 WO 2004057773 A1 WO2004057773 A1 WO 2004057773A1 ES 0300630 W ES0300630 W ES 0300630W WO 2004057773 A1 WO2004057773 A1 WO 2004057773A1
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- Prior art keywords
- desired signal
- probability
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- power control
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
- H04W52/225—Calculation of statistics, e.g. average, variance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
- H04W52/12—Outer and inner loops
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and more specifically, to the external loop of the power control system of a cellular telephone network.
- ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
- WCDMA Wideband Code Multiple Access Division
- the power control system in cellular networks is necessary since it is a technology limited by interference because all users share the same frequency spectrum and their codes are not completely orthogonal (see Holma & Toskala : "WCDMA by UMTS, Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications 1 ', John Wiley & Sons.).
- the ultimate goal of the power control system in WCDMA systems is to achieve the required quality of service on a particular link (up or down) ) with a minimum transmitted power level and it is precisely in this aspect that this invention is centered.
- a power control system for WCMDA is implemented through three differentiated loops:
- the corresponding receiver terminal (the base station or the mobile unit) compares the value of the desired signal-to-received interference SIR rec ratio with the desired signal-to-target SIR tgt interference ratio that depends on the quality of service required for that particular link and that is fixed by the external loop described below.
- the same receiving terminal sends power control bits indicating that the transmission power must be increased (if SIR rec ⁇ SIR tgt ) or decreased (if SIR reo > SIR tgt ) by a certain value (usually ldB).
- the transmitter unit increases or decreases its power by the amount set above.
- External loop it is much slower than the closed loop (10-100Hz) and establishes the desired signal relationship - target interference SIR tgt that keeps a target of predetermined quality.
- a measure of the quality of a link is the wrong frame rate (FER) that is a function of the desired signal-to-interference ratio SIR. Since the internal loop helps keep the SIR close to the target SIR tgt / the FER is ultimately determined by this target value.
- the SIR tgt objective needs to be adjusted to the value that is appropriate for that environment.
- Jo ⁇ as Blom, Fredrik Gunnarson and Fedrik Gustafsson in their patent US6449462, dated September 10, 2002 establish a method to control the SIR tgt based also on the measurement of the FER and on the estimation of certain representative parameters of the different conditions of the radio channel and the statistical distribution of the interfering signals.
- the method is based on the determination of a quality function defined as the probability of erroneous frame conditioned by the mentioned parameters.
- the method and apparatus for the external loop of the power control system of a proposed mobile communications system allow to determine the range of fading of the desired signal-interference ratio (M ⁇ sli) (dB)), and therefore the SIR tgt for a criterion of quality of service given by the probability of cut (P C or te ) And some characteristic statistical moments of the low radio channel consideration. This satisfies the mentioned QoS with the minimum level of power required, which, given that it is a technology limited by interference, also optimizes the system capacity.
- the quality criterion on which this invention works is, instead of the FER as in the previous cases, the probability of cutting (P oorte ) ⁇ 3 ue is another of the quality parameters commonly used in cellular infrastructures
- the value of p Core is usually established in the planning phase of the cellular network and is a function among other parameters of:
- This invention solves the reverse process to that described in the previous paragraph to apply it to obtaining the desired signal-to-interference ratio SIR tgt of the external loop in a power control system for WCDMA.
- an iterative method is applied so that it is possible to obtain the margin over the median of the SIR necessary to meet the cut probability specification ( QoS) for that particular link and for values of the second-order statistical moments (for example, the standard deviation) that are dynamically estimated and that are therefore consistent with the different fading conditions that characterize an environment at a given time.
- QoS cut probability specification
- the method described is based on a stochastic propagation model and therefore is not intended to estimate the value of the desired signal-interference ratio (SIR) necessary to meet a quality of service (QoS), but rather to give the margin value necessary (M (sii) (dB)) over the median of its probability density function.
- SIR desired signal-interference ratio
- QoS quality of service
- M (sii) (dB) margin value necessary
- this invention provides a mathematically rigorous method to maintain the quality of service (QoS) of a particular link and capable of responding to constant statistical variations of the radio channel as opposed to the aforementioned techniques based on FER mediation.
- QoS quality of service
- the present invention is applicable to macro or microcellular channels in rural, suburban and urban environments.
- an urban microcell environment the statistical variation of the desired signal strength is described in one way or another depending on the existence or not of a direct beam between the transmitter and the receiver, thus we have LOS (Line Of Sight, that is, Line of Sight) for the first case and NLOS (Non Line Of Sight, that is, No Line of Sight) for the second.
- LOS Line Of Sight, that is, Line of Sight
- NLOS Non Line Of Sight, that is, No Line of Sight
- the model follows a Nakagami-Rice-Lognormal distribution (see GE Corazza, F. Vatalaro, ⁇ A Rice-Lognormal Terrestial and Satellite Channel Model '', IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 43, no. 3, pp 738-742, 1994).
- the justification for the previous distribution is as follows: the statistical description of the variations of a signal consisting of a deterministic component (direct ray) and several random components results in a Nakagami-Rice distribution.
- the lognormal component appears as a representation of the effects of slow fading or shadowing that may take place in the communication, as well as the aforementioned effect of power control imperfections.
- the SIR is given by the following expression:
- the measurement in dBm results from applying the l ⁇ log (x) function to a measurement in mW.
- the probability density function (fdp) of the SIR will be given by the convolution of the fdp's of the desired and interfering signals, so we have the following expression depending on the margin:
- the objective is to evaluate the expression of equation (2) for the NLOS and LOS cases, for which the numerical approximations mentioned above for F s and where f " 2 is the probability density function of the interfering signals that As already mentioned, it is a Gaussian given by the expression:
- ⁇ 1 is the standard deviation in dB of the normal distribution and as will be seen below it is one of the parameters that is dynamically estimated to evaluate the statistical variations of the channel.
- ⁇ N (dB) and is also another parameter that is estimated to meet the changing fading conditions of the radioelectric channel. As expected, ⁇ N is equal to zero, the distribution degenerates into a
- margin in dB is defined by the expression:
- the margin in natural units is:
- the desired signal is constituted by a deterministic component and several random components.
- the resulting probability density function is that of Nakagami-Rice:
- I 0 Modified Bessel function of first spice and zero order.
- the Rice factor is the estimated parameter to dynamically characterize the channel as will be seen later.
- the mean square value of the random component can be expressed as a function of the Rice factor as follows:
- the random variable that describes the previous situation (Nakagami-Rice) is multiplied by a random variable that follows a Lognormal distribution. If working in dB, the above is equivalent to adding a random component that follows a Gaussian or Normal distribution characterized by a standard deviation ⁇ N , so the resulting probability density function will be the convolution of the previous Nakagami-Rice with this Gaussian , that is, applying the same principles applied to obtain equation (2) we have that same expression, where now the random variable S is of the Nakagami-Rice type and the random variable I that there represented the contribution of the interfering signals It is now called N because it represents the effect of slow fading modeled as a normal one, but always of the desired signal. So, for a given m 0 margin: F m according to equation (3) will be given by:
- the objective is to obtain an expression using numerical methods of integration and then enter it into the previous expression. So first we approximate the Bessel function that has the following expression:
- the objective is to solve the integral of equation (2) for the two distribution functions of the desired signal: Rayleigh-Lognormal (F R. LN ) and Nakagami-Rice-
- the random variable that models the lognormal component of the desired signal is transformed into Gaussian (with standard deviation ⁇ N ) and the one that describes the statistical distribution of the interfering signals is also Gaussian with typical deviation
- the desired and interfering signals expressed in dB are related in a linear manner in the calculation of the SIR (subtracted) and the random variable resulting from a linear combination of two statistically independent Gaussians (as is the case) is also Gaussian with sum variance of individual variances under the convolution theorem (see Peyton Z. Peebles, JR.: , N Probability, Random Variables, and Random singal principies ", McGRAW-HILL INTERNATIONAL EDITIONS Electrical Engineering Series, 1987). So we will have a normal probability density function that we call f N _ x characterized by a standard deviation given by the following expression:
- M (S / I) ⁇ i + 1 is calculated based on M (s / X) ⁇ ⁇ .
- the process is terminated when the difference between the last two margin values found differs by less than a certain value that in this case has been set at 10 "4 .
- the base station 102 includes processors, memories, interface cards and embedded software programs.
- the figure contains an RNC (Remote Network Controller, that is, Remote Network Controller) 101 which among other things provides call processing; two base stations: 102, 103; and a mobile station 104 that is represented by the vehicle icon.
- the two base stations and the mobile station are representative of endpoints of the cable interface.
- Each base station is associated with an RNC 101 via land lines 105 and 108.
- the mobile station 104 is in communication with the base station 102 through the downlink signal 107 and 108 of the uplink.
- FIG. 2 shows the part of both stations (102 and 104) that includes the principles on which this invention is based.
- the elements that appear in the aforementioned figure that are not related to the invention are well known and will not be treated.
- Both the base station and the mobile station contain a controller 201, a transmitter 202 and a receiver 203.
- the received signal corresponds to the uplink 108 and in the case of the mobile 104 the signal received it is the one of the downlink 107, both arrive at the controller 201 through the receiver 203.
- the power control system sends through the transmitter 202 a command that tells the other station to increase or decrease its power depending on the result of the method of optimization described below and that sets the desired signal-to-interference ratio that acts as a threshold in the closed loop of the same power control system.
- both the base station 102 and the mobile station 104 estimate the desired signal-interference ratio received SIR rec (see Sáez Ruiz, Juan Carlos: ⁇ A Hardware Architecture for Estimating the Signal to Interference Ratio in WCDMA Systems ", Department of Electroscience, Digital ASIC University of Luna), as well as the statistical parameters specific to each type of communication (see Ali Abdi, Georgios B. Giannakis, Kaveh Mustard: ⁇ Estimation of Doppler spread and signal strength in mobile Communications with applications to handoff and adaptive transmission ", WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND MOBILE COMPUTING 2001; 1: 221-242 (DOI: 10.1002 / WCM.1)).
- the standard deviation corresponding to the lognormal fading of the desired signal ⁇ ⁇ and the one corresponding to the Gaussian distribution describing the variations of the interfering signals ⁇ x are estimated, - for the LOS case in addition to the previous parameters it is estimated RICE factor K. then and for a given outage probability (P ecóte) is obtained by said iterative Newton-Raphson, the margin in dB must satisfy the QoS ara mentioned. From the previous margin, the new desired signal-objective interference ratio SIR tgt is calculated, which will be the reference threshold of the closed loop of said power control system.
- T n period of the external loop during which the statistical characteristics of the channel are estimated (in sg.);
- the signal-to-interference ratio SIR is estimated in block 301 in which the corresponding hardware architecture is located.
- T n of the external loop we estimate, in block 302, the statistical moments of the second order always taking as input the SIR offered by block 301;
- ⁇ N and ⁇ x are estimated, and in the case of the existence of a direct ray (LOS), the corresponding Rice factor is also considered.
- Block 303 is the most representative of the present invention because it applies the iterative Newton-Raphson method that allows to obtain the margin (in dB) that satisfies the specification of cut probability P Cut for the statistical characteristics estimated at 302.
- 0 ) is computed according to (9) and applying (10) new margin values are obtained until the difference between the last two values M (s I)
- SIR tgt ⁇ min in block 306 the SIR is limited to its minimum value.
- the result obtained for the direct problem is obtained in both cases: LOS and NLOS, that is, the cut probability P Cut , for a margin M (s / I) (dB) and for some given statistical moments: ⁇ N (dB) and ⁇ x
- the invention finds application in terrestrial, maritime or aeronautical (geostationary or non-geostationary) satellite systems
- the invention is applicable for standards other than WCDMA, as well as for the power control of any signal received by the base or mobile stations.
- the invention can be used, as a link level simulator, by operators in the cellular planning phase (see Moreno González JA, Miranda Sierra JL, El ⁇ seo Barandilla Torregrosa I., Lorca Hernando J., ⁇ Link simulator for the UMTS system in FDD mode '', Telefónica Móviles Espa ⁇ a, Telefónica I + D).
- Figure 1 shows the part of a mobile communications system related to the principles on which the invention is based.
- Figure 2 shows the part of a base station or a mobile station related to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows the method of the invention, that is, the one corresponding to the external loop of the power control system of a cellular network based on WCDMA.
- Figure 4 shows at a higher level the method of the invention, that is, the one corresponding to the external loop of the power control system of a cellular network based on WCDMA.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
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Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/538,159 US7200123B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Method and apparatus for the power control system outer loop of a mobile communications system |
JP2004561525A JP4373924B2 (ja) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | 移動体通信システムの電力制御システム外部ループのための方法及び装置 |
CA2494242A CA2494242C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Method and apparatus for the power control system outer loop of a mobile communications system |
AU2003288280A AU2003288280A1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Method and apparatus for the outer loop of the power control system of a mobile communication system |
EP03780179A EP1575185B1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Method and apparatus for the outer loop of the power control system of a mobile communication system |
BR0315985-0A BR0315985A (pt) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Método e aparelho para circuito externo de sistema de controle de potência de sistema de comunicações móveis |
MXPA05000699A MXPA05000699A (es) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Metodo y aparato para el lazo externo del sistema de control de potencia de un sistema de comunicaciones moviles. |
DE60321224T DE60321224D1 (de) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Des leistungsregelsystems eines mobilkommunikationssystems |
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ESP200202947 | 2002-12-20 | ||
ES200202947A ES2214121B1 (es) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | Metodo y aparato para el lazo externo del sistema de control de potencia de un sistema de comunicaciones moviles. |
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WO2004057773A1 true WO2004057773A1 (es) | 2004-07-08 |
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PCT/ES2003/000630 WO2004057773A1 (es) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Método y aparato para el lazo externo del sistema de control de potencia de un sistema de comunicaciones móviles |
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US (1) | US7200123B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP1575185B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP4373924B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR100804331B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN100479343C (es) |
AT (1) | ATE396554T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2003288280A1 (es) |
BR (1) | BR0315985A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2494242C (es) |
DE (1) | DE60321224D1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2214121B1 (es) |
MX (1) | MXPA05000699A (es) |
RU (1) | RU2309541C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2004057773A1 (es) |
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ES2255887A1 (es) * | 2006-03-16 | 2006-07-01 | T.O.P. Optimized Technologies, S.L. | Metodo y aparato de control de potencia por lazo externo para sistemas de comunicacion inalambrica. |
JP2009505541A (ja) * | 2005-08-17 | 2009-02-05 | ティオピ オプティミツェッド テクノロジーズ エッセ エルレ | 無線通信システムのための、アウターループ電力制御方法及び装置 |
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KR100770849B1 (ko) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-10-26 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무선 페이딩 환경에서의 압축된 비디오 정합 장치 및 방법 |
US9420603B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2016-08-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Recovery from resource mismatch in a wireless communication system |
GB2445385B (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2011-08-31 | Nokia Corp | Improvements in or relating to distance estimation |
CN103404207B (zh) * | 2010-12-02 | 2017-11-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | 确定外环功控目标信干比的方法 |
US8868123B2 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-10-21 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Method and system for managing transmit power on a wireless communication network |
US9220070B2 (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2015-12-22 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Method and system for managing transmit power on a wireless communication network |
US9119178B2 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2015-08-25 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Efficient transmission parameter selection |
CN109660308B (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-09-04 | 江南大学 | 一种多墙嵌入损耗模型的建立方法及其应用 |
CN111556458B (zh) * | 2020-05-15 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏第二师范学院(江苏省教育科学研究院) | 基于Nakagami-m衰落的车联网系统性能优化方法 |
CN114124311B (zh) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-11-28 | 东南大学 | 一种5g免授权重传接入技术中断概率评估方法 |
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- 2003-12-12 US US10/538,159 patent/US7200123B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-12 AU AU2003288280A patent/AU2003288280A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-12 JP JP2004561525A patent/JP4373924B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-12 AT AT03780179T patent/ATE396554T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2003-12-12 KR KR1020057002401A patent/KR100804331B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 2003-12-12 DE DE60321224T patent/DE60321224D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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DE60321224D1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
CN1692569A (zh) | 2005-11-02 |
AU2003288280A1 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
KR100804331B1 (ko) | 2008-02-15 |
EP1575185B1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
ATE396554T1 (de) | 2008-06-15 |
RU2005122953A (ru) | 2006-01-20 |
CA2494242C (en) | 2010-04-13 |
CA2494242A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
MXPA05000699A (es) | 2005-08-16 |
ES2214121A1 (es) | 2004-09-01 |
US20060166691A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
JP2006511131A (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
CN100479343C (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
KR20050083629A (ko) | 2005-08-26 |
US7200123B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 |
JP4373924B2 (ja) | 2009-11-25 |
RU2309541C2 (ru) | 2007-10-27 |
BR0315985A (pt) | 2005-10-04 |
EP1575185A1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
ES2214121B1 (es) | 2006-01-01 |
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