WO2004022924A1 - Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation - Google Patents

Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004022924A1
WO2004022924A1 PCT/EP2002/011055 EP0211055W WO2004022924A1 WO 2004022924 A1 WO2004022924 A1 WO 2004022924A1 EP 0211055 W EP0211055 W EP 0211055W WO 2004022924 A1 WO2004022924 A1 WO 2004022924A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
turbine
spring
inlet passage
turbine wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/011055
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ed Deacon
Alain Lombard
Jean-Luc Perrin
Eric Viola
Original Assignee
Honeywell Garrett Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honeywell Garrett Sa filed Critical Honeywell Garrett Sa
Priority to AU2002338857A priority Critical patent/AU2002338857A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2002/011055 priority patent/WO2004022924A1/fr
Publication of WO2004022924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004022924A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to variable geometry rurbochargers and particularly to rurbochargers having variable nozzle inlets controlled by vanes.
  • variable geometry nozzle inlets are employed in rurbochargers to increase performance and aerodynamic efficiency.
  • the variable geometry systems may be of the rotating vane type described in US 5947681 in which a plurality of individual vanes are placed in the turbine inlet nozzle and their rotation sets the nozzle area and thus the flow volume.
  • variable geometry may be of the piston or sliding vane type described in US 5214920 and US 5231831 and US 5441383.
  • vanes are mounted on a cylindrical piston, or to an opposing nozzle wall, and the piston moves concentric with turbine wheel axis of rotation so that the vanes progressively close the gap between the piston and the wall and reduce the area of the nozzle inlet.
  • Variable geometry devices are advantageous in that they are potentially fully modulating, being infinitely adjustable throughout their operating ranges. Full flow passes through the turbine at all times (except during engine braking) and so the engine back pressure is greatly reduced.
  • the control mechanism needs to be very sophisticated and achieves best performance, when integrated with a computer controlled engine mapping system, This requires electric actuators and tends to be expensive and prone to unreliability.
  • modern vehicles have tended to use variable geometry only with simple mechanical devices for processing the actuator signals.
  • Such simple mechanical actuators require pneumatic signals for operation and thus incorporate fluid hoses and diaphragms which are prone to leakage and rupture and are thus relatively unreliable. It is an object of the invention to provide a turbocharger with a more efficient, reliable, and relatively cost effective control system.
  • a turbocharger comprising: a turbine housing having an inlet passage for receiving exhaust gas from an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, the turbine housing also having an exhaust outlet, a turbine wheel carried within the turbine housing, the turbine wheel being connected to a shaft extending from the turbine housing through a shaft bore via a bearing . to a compressor impeller; a piston, arranged concentric to the turbine wheel and movable parallel to the shaft of the turbine wheel; a plurality of vanes extending substantially parallel to the shaft from a first end of the piston across the inlet passage variably to restrict the flow of exhaust gas to the turbine wheel; a resilient bias urging the piston towards a position in which the vanes provide maximum restriction to received exhaust gas in the inlet passage.
  • the resilient bias comprises a spring located within the turbine housing.
  • the spring preload and spring rate are selected to set the passage width, ie the nozzle throat between the turbine housing and the turbine wheel, to the optimum for the prevailing conditions, such as engine flow.
  • the width of the inlet passage is preferably greatest at a condition of Ml engine load.
  • an externally mounted spring may be used connecting through the turbine housing to the bladed piston.
  • a mechanical limit stop to restrict the movement of the piston in order to both set optimum nozzle throat in accordance to engine requirements ensuring low end performance and prevent the complete closure of the inlet passage.
  • Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of a turbocharger showing one embodiment of the invention, with the piston in the open position.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the turbocharger of figure 1 with the piston in the closed position.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectiorial view of a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of figure 3 with the piston in the open position.
  • FIGS. 1 are cross-sectional views of a turbine forming part of a turbocharger of the variable geometry piston type, such as is described in detail in WO 01/53679.
  • a turbine housing 1 is shown with an integral discharge outlet 2.
  • Exhaust gas from an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine (not shown) is provided to an inlet volute passage 3 in the turbine housing 1, passes through an inlet nozzle 17, expands in the turbine and exits via the outlet 2.
  • the energy from the exhaust gas is converted by a turbine wheel 4 connected through a shaft 5 to a compressor (not shown) in known manner.
  • a variable geometry mechanism to control the exhaust gas flow is provided by a substantially cylindrical piston 6 received within the turbine housing 1 concentrically aligned with the rotational axis of the turbine wheel 4 and biased by spring 9. Vanes or blades 7 extend axially from a radial projection 8 at one end of the piston 6. These vanes 7 determine the area of the inlet nozzle 17 to the turbine wheel 4 from the inlet volute 3 and thus control the flow of exhaust gas from the engine into the turbine. The combination of the piston 6 and the vanes 7 form a bladed stator.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 the piston 6 is shown in a fully open position with maximum flow and with spring 9 fully compressed.
  • the piston 6 is in a closed position with minimum or zero flow and with spring 9 partially compressed.
  • the spring 9 serves to bias the piston 6 to the closed position.
  • a heat screen 12 is interposed between the turbine housing 1 and a central housing 13 (a part of which is shown) connecting the turbine to the compressor (not shown).
  • the screen 12 is of a suitable shape to extend into the cavity of the turbine housing from the interface between the central housing 13 and the turbine housing 1 and to provide a wall inside the intake nozzle of the turbine.
  • the spring 9 may be fitted into the turbine housing assembly as shown in figures 1 and 2.
  • the spring 9 may be externally mounted connecting through the turbine housing to the vanes 7 as shown in figures 3 and 4.
  • An externally mounted spring has the advantage of reducing the thermal load on the spring and allows the invention to be used at higher operating temperatures.
  • An external mounted spring 9 is shown in figures 3 and 4 and may consist of a traditional axial configuration slide vane turbocharger with a simplified actuator (not shown) connected to shaft 14 since no diaphragm or boost /vacuum signal port would be needed.
  • the external spring 9 is mounted between a spring shield 15 forming part of
  • An internally mounted spring is generally preferred, particularly since it enables the physical size and weight of the turbocharger to be more compact.
  • the preload of the spring 9, the spring rate, and the effective area of the vanes 7 are all selected to tailor the boost characteristic of -the system according to the application.
  • An oxidation resistant liner 11 reduces the' friction surrounding the piston 6 to make it slide more easily and a spring shroud may be mechanically swaged or staked to the piston 6 to protect the spring 9 from the heat and pressure of the turbine gasses.
  • the turbine exhaust gases pass from the turbine housing scroll through the inlet volute 3 and the connecting passage into the turbine wheel 4 in known manner.
  • the exhaust gas has a relatively high axial loading force which exerts pressure on the vanes 7 in the inlet nozzle 17 tending to push the vanes 7 into a more open position for the nozzle 17.
  • the pressure exerted on the vanes 7 increases with engine load and speed until it exceeds the spring pressure and causes the vaned piston 6 to move in a direction to open the nozzle 17 (to the right in the figures).
  • the spring 9 thus compresses until its restoring force again equals the axial gas load pressure on the vanes 7.
  • the width of the inlet nozzle has thus increased.
  • An increase in the passage width in turn causes the exhaust gas pressure on the vanes 7 to decrease and thus the invention is fully modulating and self regulating and allows the compressor discharge pressure to be controlled to a safe predetermined limit. This equilibrium ensures that the apparatus behaves in a stable and predictable manner.
  • turbocharger behaves in a largely self-regulating manner.
  • springs with high operating temperature tolerance will be . used, particularly for an internally mounted spring.
  • the person skilled in the art will appreciate the materials which would be suitable.
  • a turbocharger- can be constructed according to the invention to be relatively compact and light-weight since an external actuator for the piston can be eliminated. This also results in cost savings.
  • the invention provides for a more fail-safe turbocharger since the most likely failure modes of a conventionally wastegated unit are avoided (there are no hoses or actuator diaphragms to rupture or leak).
  • the invention applies to all configurations of slide vane rurbochargers and the person skilled in the art will be able to adapt the invention to various modifications.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use in small engine off- highway and . agricultural vehicles, in delivery vans and in some low cost passenger cars where known control systems are not cost effective.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un turbocompresseur comprenant : un corps de turbine (1) présentant un passage d'entrée (3) destiné à recevoir les gaz d'échappement provenant du collecteur de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, ainsi qu'une sortie de gaz d'échappement ; une roue de turbine (4) montée à l'intérieur du corps de turbine (1) et reliée à un arbre (5) qui s'étend depuis le corps de turbine (1) à travers un alésage d'arbre, par l'intermédiaire d'un palier, jusqu'à une roue de compresseur ; un piston (6) qui est disposé concentriquement par rapport à la roue de turbine (4) et peut se déplacer parallèlement à l'arbre (5) de celle-ci ; une pluralité d'aubes (7) qui s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement à l'arbre (5), d'une première extrémité du piston (6) en recouvrant de façon variable le passage d'entrée (3) pour réduire le flux de gaz d'échappement dirigé vers la roue de turbine (4) ; et un élément de poussée élastique (9) qui pousse le piston (6) vers une position dans laquelle les aubes (7) qui retiennent au maximum le gaz d'échappement reçu dans le passage d'entrée (3). Un tel turbocompresseur présente une grande capacité d'autorégulation et peut notamment être utilisé pour des petits véhicules à moteur tous terrains et agricoles, dans des fourgons de livraison et dans des véhicules avec passagers.
PCT/EP2002/011055 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation WO2004022924A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002338857A AU2002338857A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Self regulating slide vane turbocharger
PCT/EP2002/011055 WO2004022924A1 (fr) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2002/011055 WO2004022924A1 (fr) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004022924A1 true WO2004022924A1 (fr) 2004-03-18

Family

ID=31970252

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2002/011055 WO2004022924A1 (fr) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002338857A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004022924A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005106211A1 (fr) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbine d'un turbocompresseur
WO2005106210A1 (fr) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocompresseur a gaz d'echappement dote d'une bague coulissante reglable
WO2005106212A1 (fr) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Honeywell International Inc. Boitier central d'une turbine destinee a un turbocompresseur et procede de fabrication associe
WO2007148145A1 (fr) 2006-06-19 2007-12-27 Turbo Energy Limited Mécanisme à aubes de stator à calage variable pour turbocompresseurs
WO2008129274A2 (fr) 2007-04-18 2008-10-30 Imperial Innovations Limited Turbocompresseur à régulation passive

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1554074A (en) * 1976-07-27 1979-10-17 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas turbo-supercharger
US4582466A (en) * 1983-07-08 1986-04-15 Holset Engineering Company Limited Variable inlet area turbine
EP0342888A1 (fr) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-23 Holset Engineering Company Limited Montage d'une paroi déplaçable dans l'entrée d'une turbine radiale
US5214920A (en) 1990-11-27 1993-06-01 Leavesley Malcolm G Turbocharger apparatus
US5231831A (en) 1992-07-28 1993-08-03 Leavesley Malcolm G Turbocharger apparatus
EP0571205A1 (fr) * 1992-05-21 1993-11-24 Alliedsignal Limited Turbosoufflante régable
US5456578A (en) * 1992-07-29 1995-10-10 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Turbine housing of turbocharger
WO1998037321A1 (fr) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Schroeder Dierk Procede et dispositif de regulation du melange dans un moteur a combustion interne
WO1998057047A1 (fr) * 1997-06-10 1998-12-17 Holset Engineering Co. Ltd. Turbine a geometrie variable
US5947681A (en) 1997-03-17 1999-09-07 Alliedsignal Inc. Pressure balanced dual axle variable nozzle turbocharger
US6443696B1 (en) * 1998-04-15 2002-09-03 Daimlerchrysler Ag Exhaust gas turbocharger turbine

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1554074A (en) * 1976-07-27 1979-10-17 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas turbo-supercharger
US4582466A (en) * 1983-07-08 1986-04-15 Holset Engineering Company Limited Variable inlet area turbine
EP0342888A1 (fr) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-23 Holset Engineering Company Limited Montage d'une paroi déplaçable dans l'entrée d'une turbine radiale
US5214920A (en) 1990-11-27 1993-06-01 Leavesley Malcolm G Turbocharger apparatus
EP0571205A1 (fr) * 1992-05-21 1993-11-24 Alliedsignal Limited Turbosoufflante régable
US5441383A (en) 1992-05-21 1995-08-15 Alliedsignal Inc. Variable exhaust driven turbochargers
US5231831A (en) 1992-07-28 1993-08-03 Leavesley Malcolm G Turbocharger apparatus
US5456578A (en) * 1992-07-29 1995-10-10 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Turbine housing of turbocharger
WO1998037321A1 (fr) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Schroeder Dierk Procede et dispositif de regulation du melange dans un moteur a combustion interne
US5947681A (en) 1997-03-17 1999-09-07 Alliedsignal Inc. Pressure balanced dual axle variable nozzle turbocharger
WO1998057047A1 (fr) * 1997-06-10 1998-12-17 Holset Engineering Co. Ltd. Turbine a geometrie variable
US6443696B1 (en) * 1998-04-15 2002-09-03 Daimlerchrysler Ag Exhaust gas turbocharger turbine

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8197194B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2012-06-12 Honeywell International, Inc. Turbine of a turbocharger
WO2005106210A1 (fr) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocompresseur a gaz d'echappement dote d'une bague coulissante reglable
WO2005106212A1 (fr) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Honeywell International Inc. Boitier central d'une turbine destinee a un turbocompresseur et procede de fabrication associe
WO2005106211A1 (fr) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbine d'un turbocompresseur
US8250760B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2012-08-28 Honeywell International Inc. Center housing of a turbine for a turbocharger and method of manufacturing the same
US8202042B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2012-06-19 Honeywell International Inc. Exhaust gas turbocharger with adjustable slide ring
WO2007148145A1 (fr) 2006-06-19 2007-12-27 Turbo Energy Limited Mécanisme à aubes de stator à calage variable pour turbocompresseurs
US8112995B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2012-02-14 Turbo Energy Limited Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry
JP2010525209A (ja) * 2007-04-18 2010-07-22 インペリアル・イノベ−ションズ・リミテッド 受動制御ターボチャージャー
WO2008129274A3 (fr) * 2007-04-18 2009-01-22 Imp Innovations Ltd Turbocompresseur à régulation passive
WO2008129274A2 (fr) 2007-04-18 2008-10-30 Imperial Innovations Limited Turbocompresseur à régulation passive
JP2013227981A (ja) * 2007-04-18 2013-11-07 Imperial Innovations Ltd 受動制御ターボチャージャー
US9388707B2 (en) 2007-04-18 2016-07-12 Imperial Innovations Limited Passively controlled turbocharger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002338857A1 (en) 2004-03-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2107250B1 (fr) Compresseur ayant deux roues montées dos à dos et turbocompresseur associé
US6810666B2 (en) Variable geometry turbine
EP1128070B1 (fr) Compresseur
EP3018355B1 (fr) Compresseur centrifuge à compensation réglable et turbocompresseur muni de celui-ci
US6073447A (en) Turbocharger
US8172516B2 (en) Variable geometry turbine
JP4750791B2 (ja) 内燃機関用の排気ガスターボチャージャ
HU225776B1 (en) Variable geometry turbocharger with sliding piston
CN111148901B (zh) 用于内燃发动机的增压装置的包括虹膜式隔板机构的径流式压缩机、增压装置和虹膜式隔板机构的薄片
EP3301277B1 (fr) Turbocompresseur comportant une enveloppe de turbine à orifices
EP1992824A2 (fr) Compresseur à géométrie variable discrète
EP4015837B1 (fr) Compresseur de turbocompresseur doté d'un mécanisme de réglage de l'admission ayant des aubes pivotantes formant un anneau d'aubes ininterrompu réglable
WO2004022924A1 (fr) Turbocompresseur a aubes coulissantes a autoregulation
GB2392956A (en) Controlling inlet to turbocharger turbine
EP2029896B1 (fr) Compresseur
CN214741655U (zh) 可变容量型增压器
EP1561007B1 (fr) Injecteur ajustable pour turbocompresseur
WO2021171410A1 (fr) Compresseur d'alimentation
US20230193812A1 (en) Radial turbine with vtg guide grid
KR20030030463A (ko) 터보차저 운전 제어장치
JPH081134B2 (ja) ターボチャージャの流路切換弁のアクチュエータ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Country of ref document: JP