WO2004020225A1 - Improvements in or relating to castors - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to castors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004020225A1 WO2004020225A1 PCT/GB2003/003700 GB0303700W WO2004020225A1 WO 2004020225 A1 WO2004020225 A1 WO 2004020225A1 GB 0303700 W GB0303700 W GB 0303700W WO 2004020225 A1 WO2004020225 A1 WO 2004020225A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- castor
- support structure
- components
- operable
- magnetically
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
- B60B33/0036—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by type of wheels
- B60B33/0039—Single wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
- B60B33/006—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the swivel mechanism
- B60B33/0065—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the swivel mechanism characterised by details of the swivel axis
- B60B33/0068—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the swivel mechanism characterised by details of the swivel axis the swivel axis being vertical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
- B60B33/02—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors with disengageable swivel action, i.e. comprising a swivel locking mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2200/00—Type of product being used or applied
- B60B2200/40—Articles of daily use
- B60B2200/43—Carts
- B60B2200/432—Shopping carts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/30—Increase in
- B60B2900/311—Rigidity or stiffness
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a support structure for a castor, to a castor provided with such a support structure, and to a castored trolley, especially a manually movable trolley, such as a supermarket trolley, a roll container, or a hospital trolley, but without limitation to same.
- An aim of the present invention is the provision of an improved support structure for a castor, and consequently an improved castor, and an improved castored trolley.
- a first aspect of the present invention provides a support structure for a castor comprising a first member, a second member that is rotatable with respect to the first member about a pivot axis, and magnetic means that is operable up to a certain torque to restrain movement of the rotatable member from one angular position with respect to the first member.
- said one angular position corresponds to a desired registration of the first and second members.
- the magnetic means may be operable to permit free rotation unless and until re-registration occurs.
- the magnetic means may be operable to bias the rotatable member into said one angular position when displaced therefrom.
- the first and second members may comprise first and second plates.
- the first and second members may be located in co-axial spaced apart relationship so as to provide mutually facing surfaces.
- Bearing means may be located between the first and second members.
- the magnetic means comprises at least one magnet.
- the magnetic means comprises at least one permanent magnet.
- the magnetic means comprises at least one pair of magnetically co-operable components, which may be the aforesaid first and second members, separate components or at least one separate component. More preferably they are two separate components.
- one component of at least one pair of magnetically co- operable components is conveniently mounted with respect to each of said first and second members. More particularly a small air gap between the magnetically co- operable components creates a magnetic flux that provides said restraining effect.
- a specific embodiment of the invention provides a support structure for a castor, comprising:
- first and second plates located in co-axial, spaced apart relationship so as to provide mutually facing surfaces
- bearing means located between the plates whereby one plate is rotatable with respect to the other plate
- one component of at least one pair of co-operable components being mounted on each plate, at least one of which pair of components is a permanent magnet adapted, in one angular position of the rotary plate with respect to the non- rotary plate, to be brought into registration with a relatively small air gap between adjacent surfaces of the two co-operable components to create a magnetic flux that, up to a certain torque restrains rotation, and in other angular positions without registration permits free rotation unless and until re- registration occurs.
- the magnetic flux restrains rotation of the rotatable member so that, when applied to a castor of, for example, a super market trolley, directional stability is achieved assisting steering of the trolley. Also, due to the use of magnetic flux to restrain rotation, there are no contact faces and no parts subject to wear. Clearly, the torque required to exceed the magnetic flux is a factor of the surface area of the magnet(s), and the air gap.
- a second aspect of the invention provides a castor suitable for a manually movable trolley and comprising a support structure according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the castor comprises a wheel, roller or other ground engaging rolling element that is mounted rotatably with respect to a support bracket.
- the support bracket constitutes or forms part of the aforesaid second (rotatable) member.
- the support bracket is U shaped.
- bearing means is provided between the first and second members.
- Preferably at least one ball or roller bearing is used.
- a third aspect of the invention provides a trolley provided with at least one, and preferably four, castors in accordance with the second aspect of the invention.
- the non-rotatable member is attached to a leg of the trolley by a bolt, the head of which engages an outer surface of the rotatable member via a second ball or roller bearing.
- the trolley may be a super market trolley, a roll container, a patient trolley or any other wheeled conveyance provided with at least one castor for steering purposes.
- the trolley is manually movable.
- first and second plates may be circular.
- one of the first and second members, and preferably an upper one of the members, has an annular skirt or rim extending therefrom toward the other one of the members. More preferably still the skirt shrouds a part of the other member.
- the skirt preferably encloses the magnetic means.
- one component of the pair may be a permanent magnet and the other component of the pair may be a ferro-magnetic element.
- both components of the pair may be permanent magnets.
- the polarity of the magnets maybe such as to rely on attraction or repulsion to achieve the desired registration of the relatively movable members.
- the permanent magnets may be disc magnets, bar magnets, ring magnets or any other shape of magnet. Any ferro-magnetic element that is used preferably has a shape that is the same as or complimentary to the shape of the permanent magnet or magnets that are used.
- the ferro-magnetic element is preferably steel. In one embodiment discs are used for the magnetically co-operable components.
- the magnetically co- operable components are arcuate, and extend over a limited area in the form of a predetermined quadrant, e.g. ⁇ 90° of each plate, in which case the ferro-magnetic element, e.g. steel, is also arcuate, or the second permanent magnet is also arcuate.
- a ring magnet and a disc magnet may be used.
- the ring magnet may be polarized to have North at one edge and South at a diametrically opposite edge.
- the disc magnet may be polarized to have North confronting the ring magnet, Thus the disc magnet will be attracted to South on the ring magnet and the combination will operate to bias the disc magnet into the desired angular position.
- two pairs of magnetically co- operable components Preferably they are located 180° apart.
- the pairs of magnetically co-operable components are disposed to have confronting faces that are slightly spaced apart to define an air gap therebetwwen.
- means is provided to adjust the spacing.
- At least one component of the or each of the magnetically co-operable components is secured by screw means that facilitates adjustment of the axial spacing of the pairs of components. This provides for adjustment of the air gap.
- at least one of the magnets may be an electro-magnet and means may be provided to selectively energize and de-energize it.
- Figure 1 is a broken away perspective view of a first embodiment of castor embodying the invention
- Figure 2 is a view corresponding to figure 1 but ghosted in part to show further constructional features
- Figure 3 is an end view of another embodiment of castor embodying the invention.
- Figure 4 is an underneath plan view of the embodiment of figure 3
- Figure 5 is a section on X-X of figure 3
- Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the part shown circled in figure 3,
- Figure 7 is a schematic plan view showing the disposition of the magnets according to one embodiment.
- Figure 8 is a schematic side view of a trolley embodying the invention.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a castor according to one embodiment that is adapted for securing to an item (not illustrated) that is required to be provided with a castor.
- the item may be a trolley as illustrated in figure 8.
- the castor comprises a wheel 1 mounted rotatably with respect to a support bracket 3 for rotation about axis Y.
- the support bracket itself is adapted to be mounted for rotation about pivot axis X.
- a swivel assembly is provided of which a cap 5 constitutes a first (non-rotatable) member thereof that in practice is secured fixedly with respect to the item to which the castor is secured, and the support bracket constitutes a second
- Support bracket 3 is formed with annular grooves 11, 13 to its opposite sides to receive respective sets of balls 15, 17 constituting bearing means of the castor assembly. One set of balls engage with the securing washer 9, whilst the other set engage with the under side of cap 5. Thus in the installed position the support bracket 3 is located rotatably between the cap and the securing washer.
- Magnetic means is provided that is operable to influence movement of the rotatable part of the castor relative to the non-rotatable part, as described further hereinafter. More particularly at least one pair of magnetically co-operable components 21, 23 are provided, one of which 21 is mounted fixedly with respect to the first member, i.e. the cap 5, and the other 23 is mounted fixedly with respect to the second member, i.e. the support bracket 3. More particularly, the cap 5 has an annular recess 19 that accommodates the magnetically co-operable components 21, 23.
- the magnetically co-operable components can take a number of different configurations as described elsewhere in this specification. However, irrespective of the particular configuration, the magnetic means is operable, up to a certain torque, to restrain movement of the rotatable member from one angular position with respect to the non-rotatable member.
- the magnetic means relies on the principles of magnetic attraction and/or repulsion according to the configuration of the magnetically co-operable components.
- components 21 and 23 each comprise two pairs of permanent magnets 21a, 23a, 21b, 23b with each pair positioned 180° apart.
- the positioning of the magnets relative to one another is such that the respective North and South poles thereof will be adjacent when the movable part of the castor is in a desired angular position.
- the confronting faces of the two magnetically co- operable components are spaced slightly apart to ensure that there is always an air gap between the components and thereby maintain the effect of the magnetic flux therebetween.
- the components 21a, 21b and 23a, 23b have a discrete length that occupies part of an annulus. I.e. they are each annular segments.
- the components 21a, 23 a have been marked with the letters N and S to show as an example the polarization of the two components at that point.
- the components are magnetized to have the confronting surfaces of opposite polarity.
- the components 21 and 23 will be attracted to one another whenever their magnetic fluxes are sufficiently close to interact.
- the rotatable component will be able to move freely.
- the components move within range they will again be attracted to one another.
- the rotatable member can be restrained in said one angular position when it is in two alternative positions 180° apart. Where this is not required, the components 21a, and 23 a can be polarized in the opposite way to components 21b and 23b.
- component 23b approaches component 21a there will be repulsion.
- only one of the pairs of components 21 and 23 maybe a permanent magnet and the other may be a ferro-magnetic material.
- FIG. 3 An end of a trolley leg is shown at 31 and is provided with mounting block 33 that is threaded to receive a complimentarily threaded mounting bolt 6 to facilitate fixing of a castor assembly to the end thereof.
- the castor assembly comprises a wheel 1 rotatably mounted with respect to support bracket 3.
- the wheel is rotatable about axis Y and the mounting bracket is pivotable about axis X.
- Support bracket 3 has two limbs 35, 37 depending from a bridging portion 39.
- the bridging portion is secured by four bolts 41 to a lower mounting plate 43 which in the illustrated embodiment is generally circular with a co-axial through hole 45 of stepped diameter to secure and locate one half 47a of a lower thrust bearing 47.
- the head of bolt 6 engages with the other half 47b and ball bearings 48 are trapped between the two halves 47a, 47b.
- An upper mounting plate 49 has a downwardly extending rim 51 and a downwardly extending apertured central boss 53.
- a second thrust 53 bearing has its upper half 53a located on the underside of the upper mounting plate concentric with the boss 53.
- the lower half 53b of bearing 53 engages with a central boss 55 of the lower mounting plate thereby mounting the lower mounting plate rotatably with respect to the upper mounting plate.
- the upper and lower mounting plates have annular confronting surfaces 59, 60 axially spaced apart to receive magnetic means.
- the magnetic means comprise two pairs of components 61a, 63a and 61b, 63b.
- the components comprise respective magnetic discs.
- the two pairs of components are spaced 180° apart.
- the wheel 1 is restrained in a desired angular position as represented by axis Z.
- one component of each pair of components may be a ferro-magnetic material, such as steel.
- the lower of the two components are secured to the lower mounting plate by respective countersunk screws 65.
- the upper of the two components are secured to the lower mounting plate by respective countersunk screws 67 cooperating with a respective nut 69.
- the confronting surfaces of the magnetically co-operable components are axially spaced apart to ensure that an air gap exists therebetween.
- the screws 65 and/or 67 facilitate adjusting the axial spacing of the components 61 and 63. Shims may be used in setting the desired spacing.
- the upper and lower plates will usually be of non-ferro-magnetic material, hence the use of magnets and/or ferro-magnetic material for said magnetically co-operable components.
- the pairs of components will be attracted to one another in the same manner as described above.
- the rotatable plate will be restrained in the desired angular position, represented by axis Z, relative to the non-rotatable plate and in use will encourage straight line movement of the item to which such castors are fitted in the absence of a contrary steering movement.
- Figure 7 illustrates how repulsion can be used to achieve the same effect.
- three magnetically co-operable components are used.
- Two magnets 71 are positioned at spaced positions on a common pitch circle diameter and secured with respect to the non rotatable member, whilst a third magnet 73 is secured with respect to the rotatable member and positioned to be disposed intermediate the magnets 71.
- FIG 8 there is illustrated a trolley 81 in the form of a typical super market trolley having a wire basket 83 carried on a framework 85 and provided with a handle 87 for use in maneuvering the trolley.
- the trolley is provided with four castor assemblies 89 (only two of which are visible in the side elevation of figure 8) embodying the invention hereof.
- the castor assemblies are not described in detail as they may correspond to any of the embodiments described herein that are operable as described to constrain the wheels thereof to adopt preferentially said one angular position, h practice said one angular position will be such as to predispose the trolley to move in a straight-ahead direction.
- each of the castors is secured to the framework in such a way that said one angular position lies in the same plane or at least planes that are parallel.
- the planes may be slightly inclined with respect to one another so as to give rise to a self centering steering effect as is commonly used in motor vehicles. I.e. with the respective wheels adopting a so-called toe in configuration.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002494740A CA2494740A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Improvements in or relating to castors |
US10/526,770 US7383611B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Castors |
EP03791016A EP1539506A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Improvements in or relating to castors |
JP2004532282A JP2005537173A (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Improvements on or about casters |
AU2003259355A AU2003259355A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Improvements in or relating to castors |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0219942.0 | 2002-08-28 | ||
GB0219942A GB0219942D0 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2002-08-28 | Castor etc |
GB0303274A GB0303274D0 (en) | 2003-02-12 | 2003-02-12 | Improvements in or relating to castors |
GB0303274.5 | 2003-02-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004020225A1 true WO2004020225A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
Family
ID=31979991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2003/003700 WO2004020225A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Improvements in or relating to castors |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7383611B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1539506A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005537173A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003259355A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2494740A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004020225A1 (en) |
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EP3081391A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-19 | Penn Elcom GmbH | Magnetically alignable swivel castor |
WO2017134239A1 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-10 | Penn Elcom Corporation | Magnetically alignable swivel castor |
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US20100038878A1 (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2010-02-18 | Chiu-Te Chen | Universal wheel seat |
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US8505936B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2013-08-13 | Evolution Technologies Inc. | Foldable walker apparatus |
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US9333823B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-05-10 | Hossein Shahroodi | Gravitationally aligning wheels |
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US9339432B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-05-17 | Evolution Technologies Inc. | Walker apparatus and backrest therefor |
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US11125365B2 (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-09-21 | Kohler Co. | Magnetic joint |
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JPH10264603A (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-06 | Sanyo Choriki Kk | Oscillation preventive device for wagon caster |
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-
2003
- 2003-08-26 AU AU2003259355A patent/AU2003259355A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-26 EP EP03791016A patent/EP1539506A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-08-26 WO PCT/GB2003/003700 patent/WO2004020225A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-08-26 US US10/526,770 patent/US7383611B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-26 CA CA002494740A patent/CA2494740A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-26 JP JP2004532282A patent/JP2005537173A/en active Pending
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Cited By (7)
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CN104220275A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-12-17 | 推进旅行国际有限公司 | Wheeled luggage case |
EP2817161A4 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2016-04-27 | Travelpro Internat Inc | Wheeled luggage case |
EP3081391A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-19 | Penn Elcom GmbH | Magnetically alignable swivel castor |
CN108367590A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2018-08-03 | 佩恩艾尔科姆公司 | Magnetic adjustable rotary castor |
CN108367590B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2021-06-04 | 佩恩艾尔科姆公司 | Magnetic adjustable swivel caster |
WO2017134239A1 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-10 | Penn Elcom Corporation | Magnetically alignable swivel castor |
US11130369B2 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2021-09-28 | Penn Elcom Corportion | Magnetically alignable swivel caster |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1539506A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
CA2494740A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
JP2005537173A (en) | 2005-12-08 |
US20060010644A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
AU2003259355A1 (en) | 2004-03-19 |
US7383611B2 (en) | 2008-06-10 |
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