WO2004020119A1

WO2004020119A1 - Waste disposal method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2004020119A1
Application number: PCT/KR2003/001734
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jung-Soo Jung
Original assignee: Jung-Soo Jung
Priority date: 2002-08-27
Filing date: 2003-08-27
Publication date: 2004-03-11
Also published as: AU2003253476A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste disposal method and apparatus. The waste disposal method comprises a drying step of indirectly heating waste input into a heating furnace; a packing step of packing the interior of the heating furnace with overheated vacuum vapor by injecting the expandable overheated vapor into the furnace; a vacuum establishing step of closing a discharge passage and an overheated vapor supply port connected to the heating furnace, cutting off the supply of heat and collecting heat from the furnace by means of water cooling; a vacuum releasing step of making the expandable vacuum vapor space by again supplying heat and overheated vacuum vapor; and a carbonizing step of obtaining combustible gas and carbon by indirectly heating and carbonizing the waste that has been subjected to the vacuum releasing step.

Description

WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD AND APPARATUS

Technical Field The present invention relates a waste disposal method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a waste disposal method and apparatus, wherein carbon and gas that can be used as alternative fuel can be separated from waste such as industrial waste or garbage as well as thermally degradable, natural organics.

Background Art

In general, upon disposal of various kinds of waste, a method of incinerating or burying the waste has been widely used. In case of incineration of waste, however, if waste containing moisture from which moisture and the like are not completely removed is incinerated, incomplete combustion occurs and substances such as dioxin that is harmful to the human body is produced. Otherwise, in case of burial of waste, the soil, rivers and underground water are contaminated, resulting in some problems such as destruction of the natural environment.

Therefore, taking such problems into consideration, there have been developed various kinds of methods and apparatuses for providing alternative fuel by extracting combustible gas from thermally disposable waste or carbonizing the waste.

In such conventional methods or apparatuses, however, much time and heat are required for the removal of moisture and the like from waste prior to a carbonizing process. Thus, there is a disadvantage in that they become uneconomical due to increased disposal expenses. Further, various other methods such as a method of crushing or compressing waste and performing heat treatment of the waste have been attempted in consideration of such a disadvantage. In such methods, however, since there are limitations on complete removal of air and moisture remaining deeply in the waste, it is difficult to completely prevent harmful substances from being produced in the disposal processes. Accordingly, combustible gas or carbon of good quality cannot be obtained. Thus, the methods have many problems in practical application.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is conceived to solve the aforementioned problems in waste disposal methods and apparatuses in the related art. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste disposal method and apparatus, wherein substances harmful to the human body and environmental contaminants can be prevented from being produced in disposal processes and alternative fuel of good quality can be obtained.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a waste disposal method and apparatus, wherein time required for the disposal of waste is shortened and disposal expenses thereof are greatly reduced.

The above objects are achieved by providing a waste disposal method and apparatus, wherein air, moisture and gas remaining deeply in waste are quickly and completely removed so that production of contaminants is prevented in disposal processes and carbon and combustible gas that can be used as alternative fuel are obtained.

The waste disposal method of the present invention comprises a drying step of primarily drying waste input into a heating furnace by heating the waste using indirect heat and discharging moisture and gas thermally separated from the waste to the outside; a packing step of packing the waste in an expandable overheated vacuum vapor space by injecting overheated vapor into the furnace when the temperature of the interior of the furnace reaches 70 ^°C to 130^°C during the drying step so that air and gas remaining in the waste are compressed and extracted from the waste by expansive force and the extracted air and gas are diluted with the expandable vacuum vapor and then discharged; a vacuum establishing step of, if the interior of the furnace is packed with the overheated vapor, blocking passages for supplying indirect heat and overheated vapor provided to the furnace, closing a gas discharge valve and opening a cooling waster supply passage so that heat in the heating furnace is collected and a vacuum state is established in the furnace; a vacuum releasing step of, if air, moisture and gas remaining deeply in the waste is completely extracted from the waste due to the formation of the vacuum state, again supplying indirect heat into the heating furnace, opening the gas discharge valve and heating the furnace to release the vacuum state when the expansion pressure in the furnace reaches a predetermined pressure, and delivering rarefied gas separated from the waste in this step to the outside to be stored in a separate storage tank; a thermally separating step of heating the interior of the heating furnace to separate gas from the waste and delivering the separated gas to the outside to be stored in a storage tank when the vacuum releasing step is completed; and a carbonizing step of heating the waste, which has been subjected to the vacuum releasing step, by using heat at a high temperature so that combustible gas and carbon which can be directly used as fuel are separated from the waste, and delivering the separated gas and carbon to the outside to be stored in respective storage tanks. . In the waste disposal method of the present invention, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step of compressing the waste by expansive force of the overheated vapor, the vacuum releasing step, the thermally separating step and the carbonizing step may be sequentially performed in a single heating furnace. Alternatively, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step may be sequentially performed in a heating furnace, and the carbonizing step may be performed in a second heating furnace.

Brief Description of Drawings The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a waste disposal process according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a waste disposal apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a waste disposal apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of a waste disposal apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of a waste disposal apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second heating furnace employed in the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a third heating furnace employed in the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention; and

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a preliminary heating furnace employed in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a waste disposal method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a waste disposal process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The waste disposal method according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises a drying step of inputting a proper quantity of waste into a heating furnace and discharging moisture and gas, which have been separated from the waste by heating the waste using indirect heat, through a purifier; a packing step of supplying overheated vacuum vapor into the heating furnace when the temperature of the heating furnace reaches 70 ^°C to 130 ^°C due to the heating in the drying step, causing air, gas and the like contained in the waste to be extracted therefrom due to expansion pressure and to be diluted with the vapor, and discharging the diluted mixture when its pressure reaches a predetermined pressure, so that the interior of the furnace can be packed with expandable overheated vacuum vapor without air, gas and the like; a vacuum establishing step of, upon completion of the packing step, cutting off the supply of the overheated vapor and indirect heat to withdraw the expansion heat, so that the thermal vacuum space of the overheated vapor formed due to the heat can vanish and remaining moisture can be condensed into water to establish a vacuum state in the furnace, thereby extracting air, gas and the like remaining deeply in the waste, which has not yet been extracted through the drying step, due to powerful suction generated by the establishment of the vacuum state; a thermally separating step of, upon completion of the vacuum establishing step, heating the interior of the furnace to release the vacuum state, discharging the air, moisture or gas extracted from the waste in the vacuum establishing step to the outside due to expansive force formed again due to the heating in the furnace upon release of the vacuum state, and delivering rarefied gas subsequently separated from the waste to the outside to be stored in a storage tank; and a carbonizing step of heating the waste, which has been subjected to the thermally separating step, using indirect heat to separate combustible gas and carbon from the waste and delivering the gas and carbon to the outside to be stored in respective storage tanks.

In the drying step, when the input of the waste through an inlet is completed in a state where an outlet of the heating furnace has been closed, the inlet of the furnace is also closed and the waste is heated up to a temperature of 70 ^°C to 130^°C . The air and gas separated from the waste pass through the purifier and are discharged to the outside via a discharge port.

At this time, the overheated vapor is injected into the interior of the heating furnace to dilute the air and gas separated from the waste bed therewith, and the diluted air and gas are discharged through the purifier when the pressure of the furnace reaches a predetermined pressure. Thus, the interior of the furnace is in a state where the furnace is packed with the overheated vapor and then becomes an expandable thermal vacuum vapor space. The rarefied gas generated in this process is discharged to be stored in a storage tank Tl.

The overheated vapor packing step is a preparatory stage for removing air, moisture, gas and the like that have not yet been removed in the drying step and remain deeply in the waste. In this step, the overheated vapor of 150 ^°C to 200 ^°C is injected into the furnace during the drying step performed at the temperature of 70 ^°C to 130°C so that the air, moisture, gas and the like in the furnace are compressed due to expansive force resulting from the injected vapor to cause air, gas and the like contained in the waste to be extracted, and the air and gas are then discharged through the discharge port when the pressure of the furnace reaches a predetermined pressure. Accordingly, the dried waste is surrounded by the overheated vapor that defines the expandable thermal vacuum vapor space.

In the vacuum establishing step, after the waste is surrounded by the overheated vapor, a passage for supplying the overheated vapor is shut off, a passage for supplying indirect heat is also shut off, a gas discharging valve is closed, and a cooling water pipe installed in the furnace is opened to circulate cooling water and to withdraw heat for cooling the interior of the furnace to the room temperature or lower, so that the thermal vacuum space expanded due to heat vanishes to establish the vacuum state in the furnace. When the overheated vapor is condensed, the volume of the overheated vapor is shrunk and the thermal vacuum space occupied by the overheated vapor then vanishes. Thus, the interior of the furnace is in the vacuum state.

When the vacuum state is established in such a manner, powerful suction is generated in the space that was occupied by the overheated vapor in the furnace. At this time, since the heating furnace is made of a material that can sufficiently withstand the suction, the suction functions to extract air, moisture, gas and the like remaining deeply in the waste according to a tendency to maintain an equilibrium state.

In the vacuum releasing step, indirect heat is supplied to the heating furnace to be heated up to the temperature of 70 ^°C to 130 ^°C , so that the pressure thereof is increased to release the vacuum state. When the vacuum state is released, the air, moisture, rarefied gas and the like extracted from the waste in the vacuum establishing step are delivered to the outside to be stored in a storage tank T2.

In the thermally separating step, the waste is heated up to a temperature of 250 °C to 300 ^°C, and rarefied gas that is separated in this step and has a higher density over the rarefied gas separated in the vacuum releasing step is delivered to the outside to be stored in the storage tank T2.

Of course, although both the rarefied gas separated in the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step is insufficient to be directly used as fuel, the gas can be used by being mixed with another fuel to be burnt.

In the carbonizing step, the waste which has been subjected to the thermally separating step is heated using indirect heat at a temperature of 450 ^°C to 700 °C and then carbonized. In this step, carbon and combustible gas that can be directly burnt are separated from the waste. At this time, the combustible gas and carbon are delivered to the outside to be stored in respective storage tanks T3 and T4.

In the meantime, the embodiment is only one example of the waste disposal method of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. It will be apparent that if necessary, the drying step may be repeatedly performed using different heating furnaces or the thermally separating step may be omitted.

Further, the rarefied gas obtained in the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step and the combustible gas and carbon obtained in the carbonizing step may be used as fuel for use in a combustion furnace for obtaining heat required in the respective steps or a steam boiler for producing the overheated vapor.

Moreover, the drying step, the vacuum establishing step of packing the furnace with the expansion pressure of the overheated vapor, the vacuum releasing step, the thermally separating step and the carbonizing step may be sequentially performed in a single heating furnace. Alternatively, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step may be sequentially performed in a heating furnace and the carbonizing step may be performed in a second heating furnace.

Furthermore, it is possible to sequentially perform the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step in a heating furnace, to sequentially again perform the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step in a second heat furnace and to perform the carbonizing step in a third heating furnace. Alternatively, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step may be sequentially and repeatedly performed in a heating furnace and a second heating furnace, the thermally separating step may be performed in a third heating furnace and the carbonizing step may be performed in a fourth heating furnace.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a waste disposal apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The waste disposal apparatus of the present invention comprises a heating furnace 10 having an inlet 11 provided in the center of the top thereof, an outlet 12 provided in the center of the bottom thereof, and a discharge port 13 and a gas discharge port 14 with a pressure gauge P that are provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body 20 installed vertically in the heating furnace 10 and having an upper end 21 that does not communicate with the inlet and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member 30 spirally mounted to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body to spirally partition an inner space of the heating furnace; a feeder 40 installed through the supporting tubular body; and a heating pipe 50, a vapor supply pipe 60 and a cooling pipe 70 mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another to extend from a lower end of the guide member to an upper end thereof on a bottom surface of the guide member.

The heating furnace 10 takes the shape of a cylinder, the bottom surface of the heating furnace 10 is declined toward the outlet 12 to facilitate discharge, and the discharge port 13 is connected to a purifier 80 so that contaminants contained in moisture and gas separated from waste in the drying step cannot be discharged to the outside. The gas discharge port 14 with the pressure gauge P mounted thereon is connected to a separate storage tank Tl.

The inlet 11, the outlet 12, the discharge port 13 for discharging vapor and gas, and the gas discharge port 14 with the pressure gauge P mounted thereon are opened and closed by means of valves 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, respectively.

Thus, when waste to be disposed is input into the heating furnace 10, the valve 15 of the inlet 11 is opened, the valve 16 of the outlet 12 is closed and the waste is then input. When the input of the waste is completed, the valve 15 of the inlet 11 is closed and the input waste is heated using indirect heat.

The diameter of the upper end 21 of the supporting tubular body 20 is less than that of the inlet 11, and a tip portion of the upper end 21 that is bent at a right angle penetrates through a side of the inlet to be exposed to the outside, so that the waste can be input smoothly into the heating furnace 10, whereas the waste cannot be input into the supporting tubular body 20. This is to prevent the input waste from being input into the supporting tubular body 20 and interfering with the operation of the feeder 40 installed through the supporting tubular body.

The guide member 30 is fixedly installed not to rotate, and an angle of inclination of a spiral in the guide member 30 is in a range of about 30° to 40° so that the input waste moves downward smoothly due to its weight.

The feeder 40 comprises a motor 41, a motor shaft 42 installed horizontally in the upper end of the supporting tubular body 20, a feeding shaft 43 installed vertically in the supporting tubular body 20 to be rotated in response to the rotation of the motor shaft and having a lower end penetrating through the lower end of the supporting tubular body to be close to an inner end of the outlet 12, and a feeding screw 44 provided to the exposed lower end of the feeding shaft.

A driving force of the motor 41 is transmitted to the feeding shaft 43 through the motor shaft 42 by a bevel gear 45 that is one of conventional power transmission means. The supply of heat and the discharge of waste heat can be made or cut off by opening or closing valves 51 and 52 installed on the heating pipe 50. An upper end of the heating pipe 50 penetrates through the periphery of an upper portion of the heating furnace 10 and is connected to the purifier 80, and a lower end thereof penetrates through the bottom surface of the heating furnace 10 and is connected to a combustion furnace Bl. Accordingly, heat generated in the combustion furnace Bl passes through the interior of the heating furnace 10 via the heating pipe 50 and heats the input waste. At this time, since waste heat passes through the purifier 80, contaminants cannot be discharged to the outside.

The vapor supply pipe 60 supplies vapor in response to the operation of a valve 61. When the vapor is supplied, a valve 62 is closed so that the vapor cannot be discharged to the outside. A lower end of the vapor supply pipe 60 penetrates through the bottom surface of the heating furnace and is connected to a steam boiler NI .

Further, a plurality of injection apertures 63 are formed in a bottom surface of the vapor supply pipe 60 at a regular interval from the lower end of the guide member 30 to the upper end thereof. Therefore, when overheated vapor generated in the steam boiler VI passes through the vapor supply pipe 60, the overheated vapor is injected into the heating furnace 10 through the injection apertures 63 to cause air in the furnace to be diluted and exhausted. When the valve 61 is closed, the supply of the overheated vapor is cut off. The circulation of a coolant in the cooling pipe 70 is controlled by opening or closing valves 71 and 72, and upper and lower ends of the cooling pipe 70 penetrate through the periphery of an upper portion of the heating furnace and the bottom surface of the heating furnace 10, respectively, and then extend outward.

At this time, in a case where water as a coolant is supplied into the cooling pipe 70, the lower end of the cooling pipe needs to be connected to a water supply tank Wl . In a case where the water that has passed through the cooling pipe is reused, the upper end of the cooling pipe needs to be connected to the waster supply tank.

In a case where the water becomes hot due to heat exchange during the circulation in the heat furnace 10 and it is necessary to cool the water and again supply the cooled water as a coolant, the upper end of the cooling pipe 70 needs to be connected to an additional cooling tank (not shown) so that the water can be cooled and then introduced into the water supply tank, without the direct connection thereof to the water supply tank Wl. The operation of the waste disposal apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described as follows. A proper amount of waste is first input into the heat furnace 10 with the outlet 12 closed. At this time, the input waste is directed downward by the guide member 30 and fills the spirally partitioned inner space from the bottom of the furnace.

When the input of the waste is completed, the inlet 11 is closed, the valves 51 and 52 are opened to supply heat at a temperature of 70 °C to 130 ^°C . Then, the heat circulates in the heating pipe 50 and heats the waste. Moisture and gas accordingly separated from the waste are discharged to the outside through the discharge port 13 and the purifier 80 by opening the valve 17. Thus, bad smells and substances that may cause air pollution cannot be discharged to the outside. The primary drying step is completed in such a manner. When the waste is dried by performing the drying step for a proper period of time, the valve 61 is opened to supply the overheated vapor of 150°C to 200 °C through the vapor supply pipe 60. At this time, it is not necessary to open the valve 62 and the supplied, overheated vapor is injected into the heating furnace 10 through the injection apertures 63 formed on the bottom surface of the vapor supply pipe. In such a state, moisture, gas, air and the like that have been separated from the waste and remains in the heating furnace 10 are discharged due to the indirect heat and the pressure of the injected, overheated vapor. The interior of the heating furnace 10 is filled with the overheated vapor and thus the secondary drying step is performed considerably. At the same time, since air surrounding the waste bed is diluted with the overheated vapor and discharged, the packing step using the expandable thermal vacuum vapor is performed.

The overheated vapor packing step is a preparatory step of extracting air or gas remaining deeply in the waste therefrom and diluting and discharging the extracted air or gas by compressing the interior of the furnace as much as a predetermined pressure using the expandable vacuum overheated vapor. When the waste is completely packed with the overheated vapor, the vapor supply pipe 60, the heating pipe 50 and the gas discharge valves are closed to block all flows from/to the heating furnace 10. The valves 71 and 72 are opened to circulate the cooling water through the cooling pipe 70 so that the interior of the heating furnace 10 can be cooled to the room temperature or lower. In such a state, the space occupied by the expandable thermal vacuum vapor surrounding the waste is cooled. Thus, heat and the vacuum space vanish, the remaining vapor is restored to water and the thermal vacuum vapor is condensed and has a decreased volume. Accordingly, the vacuum establishing step of causing the imier space of the heating furnace 10 occupied by the overheated vapor to be in a vacuum state is performed. When the vacuum state is established, powerful suction is generated in the inner space of the heating furnace 10 that was occupied by the overheated vapor. At this time, since the heating furnace is made of a material that can sufficiently withstand the suction not to be compressed, the suction functions to extract air, moisture, gas and the like remaining deeply in the waste. Accordingly, the waste is in an almost completely dried state without air, moisture, gas and the like remaining therein. When all the air, moisture, gas and the like remaining deeply in the waste are extracted due to such a function, the valves 51 and 52 are opened to supply heat to the furnace by circulating the heat in the heating pipe 50, so that the interior of the heating furnace is heated and the pressure therein is increased. Consequently, the vacuum releasing step of releasing the vacuum state is performed. When the vacuum is released, the air, moisture, rarefied gas and the like extracted from the waste in the vacuum establishing step pass through the gas discharge port 14 with the pressure gauge P mounted thereon and then are stored in the storage tank Tl .

After completion of the vacuum releasing step, heat at a temperature of 250 ^°C to 300 ^°C is supplied and circulated in the heating pipe 50 to heat the dried waste using the indirect heat. Therefore, the thermally separating step is performed, wherein rarefied gas separated thermally from the waste has a density higher than that of the rarefied gas that has been separated from the waste in the vacuum releasing step, and is then delivered to the outside through the gas discharge port 14 to be stored in the storage tank Tl that has stored the previous rarefied gas or another storage tank T2.

Of course, although the rarefied gas separated in the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step is insufficient to be directly used as fuel, the gas can be used by being mixed with another fuel to be burnt.

The thermally separating step is a preceding step of the waste carbonizing step. Thereafter, the carbonizing step is performed, wherein heat at a temperature of 400 ^°C to 700 ^°C is supplied to be circulated in the heating pipe 50 and heats the waste for a proper period of time.

In the carbonizing step, carbon and combustible gas that can be directly burnt are separated from the waste. At this time, the combustible gas is delivered to the outside through the gas discharge port 14 and then stored in the storage tank T2 or Tl that stores the rarefied gas or the other storage tank T3.

When the carbonizing step is completed, the valve 16 of the outlet 12 is opened and the carbon obtained in the carbonizing step is discharged through the outlet and then stored in the storage tank T4. On the other hand, the gas and carbon obtained in the respective steps may be directly used as fuel for the combustion furnace Bl or steam boiler VI capable of producing the heat or overheated vapor that is required to perform the respective steps.

Further, waste heat discharged to the outside through the discharge port 13, heat of the gas that is discharged to the outside through the gas discharge port 14 with the pressure gauge P mounted thereon, or heat of the cooling water heated by means of heat exchange with the waste, may be recovered using conventional heat recovery methods so that the recovered heat can be used for room heating or hot water supply.

FIGS. 3 and 6 show a waste disposal apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The waste disposal apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step carried out in the first embodiment are sequentially performed in the heating furnace 10, and the carbonizing step is performed in a second heating furnace 10a. Of course, it is also possible to sequentially again perform the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step and then perform the carbonizing step in the second heating furnace.

The structures of the heating furnace 10 and the second heating furnace 10a for performing these steps are the same as the heating furnace in the first embodiment except that the discharge port 13 is installed on only the furnace 10, whereas a gas discharge port 14a with a pressure gauge P' mounted thereon is also installed on the second heating furnace 10a.

The outlet 12 of the heating furnace 10 is connected to an inlet 11a of the second heating furnace 10a. Heating pipes 50 and 50a, vapor supply pipes 60 and 60a and cooling pipes 70 and 70a that are disposed on bottom surfaces of spiral guide members 30 and 30a, respectively, are connected to each other through the bottom surface of the heating furnace and a top surface of the second heating furnace. At the same time, valves 51a, 61a and 71a are installed at respective connections to control communication therethrough. In the waste disposal apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention described above, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step of performing compression using the expansion pressure, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are sequentially performed in the heating furnace 10 in the same manner as the first embodiment, and the carbonizing step like that of the first embodiment is performed in the second heating furnace 10a.

When the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step using the expansion pressure, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step are sequentially performed in the heating furnace 10 of the second embodiment, the valve 15 of the inlet 11 of the heating furnace as well as a valve 16 of the inlet 11a of the second heating furnace 10a coimected to the outlet 12 are closed. The heating pipes 50 and 50a, the vapor supply pipes 60 and 60a and the cooling pipes 70 and 70a are selectively opened or closed by means of the respective valves 51, 61 and 71 when the respective steps are performed.

In the meantime, after the heating furnace 10 is operated in the same manner as the first embodiment to sequentially perform the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step using the expansion pressure, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step. Then, the valve 16 by which the outlet 12 and the inlet 11a are closed is opened, and the feeder 40 is operated to deliver the dried waste in the heating furnace to the second heating furnace 10a. At this time, since the outlet 12a of the second heating furnace 10a is closed by a valve 16a, the input waste is guided by the guide member 30a spirally mounted to a supporting tubular body 20a and fills the second heating furnace from the bottom thereof.

After the delivery of the waste to the second heating furnace 10a is completed, the valve 16 of the outlet 12 and the inlet 11a is closed again and the inlet 11 of the heating furnace 10 is opened so that new waste can be input into the heating furnace. When the heating furnace 10 is filled with the waste, the inlet 11 is closed.

Then, when the heating furnace 10 and the second heating furnace 10a are operated simultaneously, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step for the newly input waste are sequentially performed in the heating furnace 10 as described above. The overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step may be sequentially performed again in the second heating furnace, if necessary, and the carbonizing step like that of the first embodiment is subsequently performed. Alternatively, the carbonizing step may be performed immediately without performing the steps again.

During the respective steps, since the indirect heat, the overheated vapor and the cooling water to be supplied in the respective steps are selectively supplied through the heating pipe 50a, the vapor supply pipe 60a and the cooling pipe 70a of the second heating furnace 10a to pass through the heating pipe 50, the vapor supply pipe 60 and the cooling pipe 70 of the heating furnace 10, respectively, it is possible to supply heat and vapor required in the respective steps in the second heating furnace and the heating furnace.

Further, combustible gas obtained in the carbonizing step performed in the second heating furnace 10a is delivered to the outside via the gas discharge port 14a with the pressure gauge P' mounted thereon and then stored in the storage tank T3. When the valve 16a of the outlet 12a is opened and a motor 41a of a feeder 40a is operated after completing the carbonizing step, a feeding screw 44a is operated by a motor shaft 42a and a feeding shaft 43 so that carbon is discharged to the outside through the outlet and then stored in the storage tank T4.

FIGS. 4 and 7 show a waste disposal apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The waste disposal apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step carried out in the first and second embodiments are sequentially performed in the heating furnace 10; the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are sequentially performed again in the second heating furnace 10a; and the carbonizing step is performed in a third heating furnace 10b.

Thus, the structures of the heating furnace 10 and the second heating furnace 10a in this embodiment are the same as the second embodiment except that only a heating pipe 50b is mounted on a bottom surface of a guide member 30b installed in the third heating furnace 10b, a vapor supply pipe and a cooling pipe as well as a feeder are not provided, and a crusher 90 is installed on a bottom surface in the third heating furnace to be rotated by a motor 91.

An upper end of the heating pipe 50b is com ected to a lower end of the heating pipe 50a of the second heating furnace 10a, a lower end of the heating pipe 50b penetrates through the bottom surface of the third heating furnace 10b and is connected to the combustion furnace Bl, and an inlet lib in the center of a top surface of the third heating furnace is connected to the outlet 12a of the second heating furnace.

A valve 51b is installed at a connection of the heating pipes 50a and 50b and the valve 16a is installed at a connection of the outlet 12a and the inlet lib to control communication. The lower end of the heating pipe 50b is opened and closed by a valve 51.

In the waste disposal apparatus according to the third embodiment described above, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step using the expansion pressure, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are sequentially performed in the heating furnace 10 in the same manner as the heating furnace of the second embodiment. Further, the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are sequentially performed again in the second heating furnace 10a in the same manner as the second heating furnace of the second embodiment. The carbonizing step is performed in the third heating furnace 10b.

That is, when the waste that has been subjected to the thermally separating step in the second heating furnace is input through the inlet lib connected to the outlet 12a of the second heating furnace 10a into the third heating surface 10b with an outlet 12b closed by a valve 16b and is guided by the spiral guide member 30b to completely fill the third heating furnace from the bottom thereof, the valve 16a of the inlet lib is closed and the valve 51 is opened so that heat at a temperature of 400 ^°C to 700 ^°C is supplied and circulated in the heating pipe 50b. In such a way, the carbonizing step is performed, wherein the waste filled in the third heating furnace is heated at a high temperature and is then carbonized. Combustible gas separated from the waste during the carbonizing step is discharged through a gas discharge port 14b with a pressure gauge P" mounted thereon and then stored in the storage tank T3. After the carbonizing step, the valve 16b of the outlet 12b is opened and the crusher 90 is operated so that carbon obtained through the carbonization is crushed to proper particles and then discharged to be stored in the storage tank T4.

Such crushing of the carbon is to facilitate combustion when the carbon is used as fuel.

In a case where the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are performed in the first and second heating furnaces 10 and 10a, respectively, when the carbonizing step is performed in the third heating furnace 10b, the valve 51b is opened so that the heat circulated in the heating pipe 50b of the third heating furnace is sequentially circulated in the heating pipe 50a of the second heating furnace 10a and in the heating pipe 50 of the heating furnace 10. In such a state, due to heat dissipation for carbonizing the waste while the heat at a temperature of 400 ^°C to 700 ^°C is circulated in the heating pipe 50b, the temperature is lowered to about 250 ^°C to 300 ^°C , and the heat at the lowered temperature is then supplied to the heating pipe 50a. The thermally separating step is performed in such a way. Heat at a temperature lowered to about 70 ^°C to 130 °C due to heat dissipation in this step is supplied to the heating pipe 50 and is used for selectively performing the vacuum releasing step and the like.

FIGS. 5 and 8 show a waste disposal apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The waste disposal apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the drying step, the overheated vacuum vapor packing step using the expansion pressure, the vacuum establishing step of generating the powerful suction, and the vacuum releasing step are sequentially and repeatedly performed in the heating surface 10 and the second heating furnace 10a, the thermally separating step is performed in a preliminary heating furnace 10a' and the carbonizing step is performed in the third heating furnace 10b. Thus, the structures of the first, second and third heating furnaces 10, 10a and 10b in the fourth embodiment are the same as the first, second and third heating furnaces in the third embodiment, and the structure of the preliminary heating furnace 10a' is the same as the second heating furnace in the second and third embodiments except that only a heating pipe 50a' is mounted to a bottom surface of a guide member 30a' spirally installed in a supporting tubular body 20a' without providing a vapor supply pipe and a cooling pipe.

That is, an inlet 11a' to be connected to the outlet 12a of the second heating furnace 10a is formed on a top surface of the preliminary heating furnace 10a', an outlet

12a' is formed on a bottom surface of the preliminary heating furnace 10a', and a gas discharge port 14a' with a pressure gauge P' mounted thereon is formed at the periphery of an upper portion of the preliminary heating furnace 10a'.

Further, a supporting tubular body 20b is installed centrally and vertically in the third heating furnace 10b and has an upper end isolated not to communicate with the inlet l ib and a lower end spaced apart from the bottom surface in the third heating furnace. The plate-shaped guide member 30b that is spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition the inner space of the third heating furnace has only the heating pipe 50b on the bottom of the guide member 30. An upper end of the heating pipe 50b is connected to a lower end of the heating pipe 50a' and a lower end of the heating pipe 50b penetrates through the bottom surface of the third heating pipe to be exposed to the outside.

The crusher 90 for crushing and discharging the carbon is installed at a lower portion in the third heating furnace 10b to be rotated by a motor 91.

The drying step, the overheated vapor packing step using the expansion pressure, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step, the thermally separating step and the carbonizing step performed in the heating furnaces 10, 10a, 10a' and 10b in the fourth embodiment are the same as the heating furnace and the second and third heating furnaces in the first to third embodiments. Thus, the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Meanwhile, although the first to fourth embodiments have been described as using a single heating furnace for performing each step, the present invention is not limited thereto. A single heating furnace or a plurality of heating furnaces may be installed to perform each step in consideration of conditions such as a waste disposal capacity and an installation space.

Further, it will be apparent that the numbers of the heating pipes, vapor supply pipes and cooling pipes mounted to the guide member may vary in consideration of a waste disposal capacity and a disposal time of a heating furnace.

Moreover, all the steps in the embodiments of the present invention are performed automatically and sequentially under the control of a conventional control system, and electronic valves that can also be manually operated are used for the aforementioned valves.

Industrial Applicability

According to the waste disposal method and apparatus of the present invention, during the processes of drying and carbonizing waste in a heating furnace, a vacuum state is established in the heating furnace by using overheated vapor so that air, moisture and gas remaining deeply in the waste can be completely extracted therefrom. Therefore, it is possible to carbonize the waste in an almost perfect vacuum state.

Accordingly, there is an advantage in that carbon and gas that are alternative energy of good quality which dose not produce harmful substances such as dioxin upon combustion can be separated from the waste. Further, there are advantages in that the time required for processing the waste is considerably shortened due to complete drying of the waste, and the separated gas and carbon can be used as fuel for obtaining heat required in respective steps, thereby greatly reducing disposal expenses of the waste.

Claims

1. A waste disposal method, comprising; a drying step of heating waste input into a heating furnace and discharging moisture and gas thermally separated from the waste to the outside so as to dry the waste; an overheated vapor packing step of injecting overheated vapor into the heating furnace when the temperature of the heating furnace reaches 70 ^°C or more through the drying step and packing the interior of the furnace with the overheated vapor by causing air or gas to be extracted from the waste due to pressure generated by indirect heat and expandable overheated vacuum vapor and to be diluted and discharged; a vacuum establishing step of, if the interior of the furnace is packed with the indirect heat and overheated vapor, blocking passages for supplying the indirect heat and overheated vapor, closing a gas discharge valve, circulating cooling water to recover heat from the interior of the heating furnace so that an expandable thermal vacuum space vanishes and thus the interior of the heating furnace becomes a vacuum space, and establishing a vacuum state in the inner space of the furnace so that air or gas remaining deeply in the waste is extracted Odue to suction generated by the vacuum state and a tendency to maintain an equilibrium state; a vacuum releasing step of, if air or gas remaining deeply in the waste is extracted therefrom with the formation of the vacuum state, heating the furnace using the indirect heat to form an expandable thermal vacuum space and discharging the extracted air or gas to the outside; and a carbonizing step of carbonizing the waste that has been subjected to the vacuum releasing step by heating the waste using the indirect heat at a high temperature, and delivering combustible gas and carbon obtained in this step to the outside to be stored in respective storage tanks.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a thermally separating step of heating the waste using the indirect heat to separate rarefied gas from the waste after completion of the vacuum releasing step before the carbonizing step.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein a heating temperature in the drying step and the vacuum releasing step is 70 ^°C to 130^°C, a heating temperature in the thermally separating step is 250 ^°C to 300 ^°C, the temperature of the overheated vapor is 150^°C to 200 ^°C , and a heating temperature in the carbonizing step is 400 ^°C to 700 ^°C or more.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step, the thermally separating step and the carbonizing step are sequentially performed in a single heating furnace.

5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are sequentially performed in the heating furnace, and the carbonizing step is performed in a third heating furnace.

6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step are sequentially performed in the heating furnace; the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step, the vacuum releasing step and the thermally separating step are sequentially performed again in a second heating furnace; and the carbonizing step is performed in a third heating furnace.

7. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying step, the overheated vapor packing step, the vacuum establishing step and the vacuum releasing step are sequentially and repeatedly performed in the heating furnace; the thermally separating step is performed in a second heating furnace; and the carbonizing step is performed in a third heating furnace.

8. A waste disposal apparatus, comprising; a heating furnace (10) having an inlet (11) provided in the top thereof, an outlet (12) provided in the bottom thereof, and a discharge port (13) and a gas discharge port (14) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20) installed vertically and centrally in the heating furnace (10) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (11) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the heating furnace; a plate- shaped guide member (30) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the heating furnace (10); a feeder (40) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12); and a heating pipe (50), a vapor supply pipe (60) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures (63) and a cooling pipe (70) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30) and each of which has an upper end and a lower end that penetrate through the periphery of an upper portion and the bottom of the heating furnace (10) to be exposed to the outside, respectively.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein an angle of inclination of a spiral in the guide member (30) is 30° to 40°.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the feeder (40) comprises a motor (41), a motor shaft (42) installed horizontally in the upper end (21) of the supporting tubular body (20), a feeding shaft (43) installed vertically in the supporting tubular body (20) to be rotated in response to the rotation of the motor shaft and having a lower end penetrating through the lower end of the supporting tubular body to be exposed closely to an inner end of the outlet (12), and a feeding screw (44) provided to the exposed lower end of the feeding shaft.

11. A waste disposal apparatus, comprising; a heating furnace (10) having an inlet provided in the top thereof, an outlet (12) provided in the bottom thereof, and a discharge port (13) and a gas discharge port (14) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20) installed vertically and centrally in the heating furnace (10) and having an upper end (21) that does not communicate with the inlet and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the heating furnace (10); a feeder (40) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12); a heating pipe (50), a vapor supply pipe (60) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures (63) and a cooling pipe (70) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30) and each of which has an upper end and a lower end that penetrate tlirough the periphery of an upper portion and the bottom of the heating furnace (10) to be exposed to the outside, respectively; a second heating furnace (10a) having an inlet (11a) provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12) of the heating furnace (10), an outlet (12a) provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14a) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20a) installed vertically and centrally in the second heating furnace (10a) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (11a) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the second heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30a) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20a) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the second heating furnace (10a); a feeder (40a) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20a) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12a); and a heating pipe (50a), a vapor supply pipe (60a) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures and a cooling pipe (70a) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30a) and have upper ends connected to the relevant lower ends of the heating pipe (50), the vapor supply pipe (60) with the plurality of vapor injection apertures and the cooling pipe (70), and lower ends penetrating through the bottom of the second heating furnace (10a) to be exposed to the outside, respectively.

12. A waste disposal apparatus, comprising; a heating furnace (10) having an inlet provided in the top thereof, an outlet (12) provided in the bottom thereof, and a discharge port (13) and a gas discharge port (14) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20) installed vertically and centrally in the heating furnace (10) and having an upper end (21) that does not communicate with the inlet and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the heating furnace (10); a feeder (40) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12); a heating pipe (50), a vapor supply pipe (60) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures (63) and a cooling pipe (70) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30) and each of which has an upper end and a lower end that penetrate through the periphery of an upper portion and the bottom of the heating furnace (10) to be exposed to the outside, respectively; a third heating furnace (10b) having an inlet (lib) provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12) of the heating furnace (10), an outlet (12b) provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14b) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20b) installed vertically and centrally in the third heating furnace (10b) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (lib) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the third heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30b) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20b) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the third heating furnace (10b); and a heating pipe (50b) which is mounted on a bottom surface of the guide member (30b) and have an upper end connected to the lower end of the heating pipe (50) and a lower end penetrating through the bottom of the third heating furnace (10b) to be exposed to the outside, respectively.

13. A waste disposal apparatus, comprising; a heating furnace (10) having an inlet provided in the top thereof, an outlet (12) provided in the bottom thereof, and a discharge port (13) and a gas discharge port (14) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20) installed vertically and centrally in the heating furnace (10) and having an upper end (21) that does not communicate with the inlet and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the heating furnace (10); a feeder (40) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12); a heating pipe (50), a vapor supply pipe (60) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures (63) and a cooling pipe (70) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30) and each of which has an upper end and a lower end that penetrate through the periphery of an upper portion and the bottom of the heating furnace (10) to be exposed to the outside, respectively; a second heating furnace (10a) having an inlet (11a) provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12) of the heating furnace (10), an outlet (12a) provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14a) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20a) installed vertically and centrally in the second heating furnace (10a) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (11a) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the second heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30a) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20a) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the second heating furnace (10a); a feeder (40a) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20a) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12a); a heating pipe (50a), a vapor supply pipe (60a) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures and a cooling pipe (70a) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30a) and have upper ends coimected to the relevant lower ends of the heating pipe (50), the vapor supply pipe (60) and the cooling pipe (70), and lower ends penetrating through the bottom of the second heating furnace (10a) to be exposed to the outside, respectively; a third heating furnace (10b) having an inlet (lib) provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12a) of the second heating furnace (10a), an outlet (12b) provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14b) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20b) installed vertically and centrally in the third heating furnace (10b) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (1 lb) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the third heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30b) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20b) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the third heating furnace (10b); and a heating pipe (50b) which is mounted on a bottom surface of the guide member (30b) and have an upper end connected to the lower end of the heating pipe (50) and a lower end penetrating through the bottom of the third heating furnace (10b) to be exposed to the outside.

14. A waste disposal apparatus, comprising; a heating furnace (10) having an inlet provided in the top thereof, an outlet (12) provided in the bottom thereof, and a discharge port (13) and a gas discharge port (14) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20) installed vertically and centrally in the heating furnace (10) and having an upper end (21) that does not communicate with the inlet and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the heating furnace (10); a feeder (40) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12); a heating pipe (50), a vapor supply pipe (60) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures (63) and a cooling pipe (70) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30) and each of which has an upper end and a lower end that penetrate through the periphery of an upper portion and the bottom of the heating furnace (10) to be exposed to the outside, respectively; a second heating furnace (10a) having an inlet (11a) provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12) of the heating furnace (10), an outlet (12a) provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14a) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20a) installed vertically and centrally in the second heating furnace (10a) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (11a) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the second heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30a) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20a) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the second heating furnace (10a); a feeder (40a) rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20a) to discharge the waste via the outlet (12a); a heating pipe (50a), a vapor supply pipe (60a) with a plurality of vapor injection apertures and a cooling pipe (70a) which are mounted in parallel and spaced apart from one another on a bottom surface of the guide member (30a) and have upper ends connected to the relevant lower ends of the heating pipe (50), the vapor supply pipe (60) and the cooling pipe (70), and lower ends penetrating through the bottom of the second heating furnace (10a) to be exposed to the outside, respectively; a preliminary heating furnace (10a') having an inlet (11a') provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12a) of the second heating furnace (10a), an outlet (12a') provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14a') with a pressure gauge mounted thereon that is provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20a') installed vertically and centrally in the preliminary heating furnace (10a') and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (11a') and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the preliminary heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30a') spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20a') to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the preliminary heating furnace (10a'); a feeder (40a') rotatably installed through the supporting tubular body (20a') to discharge the waste via the outlet (12a'); a heating pipe (50a') which is mounted on a bottom surface of the guide member (30a') and have an upper end coimected to the lower end of the heating pipe (50a) and a lower end penetrating through the bottom of the preliminary heating furnace (10a') to be exposed to the outside; a third heating furnace (10b) having an inlet (lib) provided in the top thereof to be connected to the outlet (12a') of the preliminary heating furnace (10a'), an outlet (12b) provided in the bottom thereof, and a gas discharge port (14b) provided on the periphery of an upper portion thereof; a supporting tubular body (20b) installed vertically and centrally in the third heating furnace (10b) and having an upper end that does not communicate with the inlet (lib) and a lower end spaced apart from a bottom surface of the third heating furnace; a plate-shaped guide member (30b) spirally fixed to an outer surface of the supporting tubular body (20b) to guide the downward movement of input waste and to spirally partition an inner space of the third heating furnace (10b); and a heating pipe (50b) which is mounted on a bottom surface of the guide member (30b) and have an upper end comiected to the lower end of the heating pipe (50a') and a lower end penetrating through the bottom of the third heating furnace (10b) to be exposed to the outside.

15. The apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein a crusher (90) is rotatably installed at a lower portion in the third heating furnace (10b) to crush carbon obtained through a carbonizing process for the waste and to discharge the crushed carbon via the outlet (12b).