WO2004016847A1 - Method, device and installation for cutting textiles by means of a laser beam - Google Patents

Method, device and installation for cutting textiles by means of a laser beam Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004016847A1
WO2004016847A1 PCT/DE2003/000839 DE0300839W WO2004016847A1 WO 2004016847 A1 WO2004016847 A1 WO 2004016847A1 DE 0300839 W DE0300839 W DE 0300839W WO 2004016847 A1 WO2004016847 A1 WO 2004016847A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
laser beam
cut
textiles
textile
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2003/000839
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Lang
Original Assignee
Lang Laser-System Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lang Laser-System Gmbh filed Critical Lang Laser-System Gmbh
Priority to DE10393495T priority Critical patent/DE10393495D2/en
Priority to AU2003223872A priority patent/AU2003223872A1/en
Publication of WO2004016847A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004016847A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/38—Fabrics, fibrous materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cutting textiles, which consist of plastic fibers or have a proportion of plastic fibers, by means of a laser beam according to a predetermined cutting pattern. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cutting device for performing the method. Finally, the invention relates to a cutting system for cutting textiles by means of such cutting devices. In particular, the present invention relates to the cutting of airbag materials that can be coated or uncoated.
  • Textiles of this type which can be made of polyamide, polyester or polyethylene, for example, or have a proportion of such synthetic fibers, are cut in high-layer cutters in order to achieve a high output.
  • Layers of the material to be cut for example airbag material, and foils are first placed alternately on top of each other.
  • the up to 20 layers lying one above the other are then fed to the laser cutting system and cut in the laser cutting system by means of a laser beam.
  • the film intermediate layers are necessary after otherwise adjacent layers of the textile material would weld together at the cut edges due to the plastic fibers or the plastic fiber portion.
  • An alternative to cutting textiles using high-layer cutters is cutting on a single-layer cutter.
  • this is a plotter that moves a laser cutting head in the X and Y directions.
  • the advantages of a single-layer cutter can be seen in the fact that no intermediate layers are required here and the textile material is also relatively flat, which leads to better cutting results and higher accuracy compared to the high-layer cutter.
  • a disadvantage of single-layer cutters is the low working speed. Very fast plotters have a maximum working speed of 2 m / sec with an acceleration of 1.5 g and are therefore not a real alternative to the high-position cutter in terms of the output volume.
  • the invention is therefore essentially based on the object of creating a cutting system for cutting textiles which are made of plastic or have a proportion of plastics by means of a laser beam, which has the basic advantages of a single-layer cutter, but which on the other hand has very high cutting speeds allowed.
  • a preferably fixed laser beam is widened, deflected according to the cutting pattern to be generated and focused on the textile to be cut.
  • the cutting device for carrying out the method according to the invention, it contains the following: a laser source for generating a laser beam, an expansion lens for expanding the laser beam generated in the laser source, a motor-driven deflection mirror device for deflecting the expanded laser beam in accordance with the one to be generated Cutting pattern, a motor-driven focusing device for focusing the laser beam on the plane of the textile to be cut depending on the deflection of the laser beam, and a control device for controlling the operation of the cutting device.
  • the focusing can be realized in that the expansion optics are equipped with a variable focal length, for which purpose a lens or lens group of the expansion optics can be motor-displaceable in the direction of the laser beam.
  • the deflecting mirror device can comprise two deflecting mirrors which can be pivoted in two mutually perpendicular planes, a galvanometer scanner preferably being provided for pivoting each deflecting mirror.
  • the laser beam serving as a cutting tool is thus focused on the tissue by the laser beam source via the expansion optics and two subsequent galvanometer scanners, the expansion optics being equipped with a variable focal length, which ensures that when the laser beam is deflected via the Galvanometer- Scanner the focal point of the laser beam is always on the cutting plane.
  • the textile material can be cut from the roll, as a result of which, in comparison to the high-layer cutters, in which the length of the layers is predetermined by the laying machine used to lay the layers possible nesting of the cuts results in optimal use of the fabric.
  • a cutting system for cutting textiles which has at least two cutting devices according to the invention, a common control device being provided for the at least two cutting devices and the at least two cutting devices being arranged and controllable in such a way that immediately adjacent areas of the to be cut Textiles can be cut.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the cutting device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of a cutting system according to the invention with two cutting devices
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the cutting system according to FIG. 2.
  • the cutting device sketched there is designated overall by the reference number 20 and the textile material to be cut is designated by the reference number 30.
  • the cutting device 20 comprises a fixed laser 22, which generates a laser beam 24.
  • the laser beam 24 first passes through an expansion lens 26 in which the laser beam 24 is expanded.
  • the expanded laser beam 24 ' is then successively reflected on two mirrors 28, 29 which then direct the laser beam onto the textile material 30 to be cut in accordance with a predetermined cutting pattern.
  • the deflecting mirror 28 can be pivoted in a plane parallel to the plane of the textile material 30 and the deflecting mirror 29 can be pivoted in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the textile material 30.
  • the galvanometer scanners 32, 34 are controlled by a control device (not shown) in such a way that the laser beam 24 'on the textile material 30 generates the cut according to a predetermined cutting pattern. For this it is necessary that the laser beam 24, 24 'is focused on the plane of the fabric 30.
  • the laser beam moves on the textile material 30 he ordered to continuously refocus the laser beam.
  • the expansion optics 26 are equipped with a variable focal length, the lens 36 of the expansion optics 26 being motor-displaceable in the direction of the laser beam; the above-mentioned control, not shown, takes over the control of the lens shift in order to maintain exact focusing.
  • the laser beam has a working area of approximately 200 mm x 200 mm to approximately 1,500 mm x 1,500 mm.
  • a laser power in the range of approximately 500 watts to approximately 3,000 watts, for example, airbag material can be cut at very high speeds, that is to say at speeds of up to approximately 7 m / sec.
  • the cutting system comprises a feed station 40, from which ribbon-shaped textile material 42 is unwound from a supply roll 44, a cutting station 46, in which the ribbon-shaped material is cut by means of laser beams in accordance with the predetermined cutting pattern and which is covered by a radiation protection housing 54, and a removal station 48, in which the cut parts are removed or transported away on a conveyor belt or a conveyor 52.
  • the band-shaped textile material 42 has a width of 3 m.
  • two laser cutting devices are arranged side by side.
  • the laser beams emerging from the laser sources 22 meet, after they have passed through the expansion optics and after deflection via suitable mirrors, to the respective scanner device 25, which in each case comprises the two galvanometer scanners 32, 34 together with mirrors 28, 29. From here, the two laser beams are deflected into the cutting plane 50 onto the textile web according to the predetermined pattern, whereby they are focused in the plane 50. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the two scanner arrangements 25 are arranged next to one another transversely to the fabric web 42 and are capable of processing half the width of the web in each case.
  • the web of fabric can be transported through the cutting station either step by step, so that when the web of fabric is at a standstill, or continuously, so that the web of web is cut in one pass. In the latter case, the system is particularly compact.
  • contour cuts with a maximum width of 3000 mm and with a practically unlimited length are possible.

Abstract

According to the invention, a laser beam (24) is used as a cutting tool to cut textiles consisting of synthetic fibres or partly consisting of synthetic fibres, such as airbag materials, said laser beam being focussed onto the textile material (30) from a laser source (22) by means of an expanding optical element (26) and two successive galvanometer scanners (32, 34) driving deviation mirrors (28, 29). The expanding optical element (26) has a variable focal distance due to a motor-driven lens displacement, such that the focal distance is always located on the cutting plane defined by the textile material (30), when the laser beam is deviated by the galvanometer scanners. Said galvanometer scanners are provided with mirrors (28, 29).

Description

VERFAHREN, VORRICHTUNG UND ANLAGE ZUM SCHNEIDEN VON TEXTILIEN METHOD, DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR CUTTING TEXTILES
MITTELS LASERBY LASER
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Schneiden von Textilien, die aus Kunststoffasern bestehen oder einen Anteil an Kunststoffasern aufweisen, mittels eines Laserstrahls nach einem vorgegebenen Schnittmuster. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Schneidvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung eine Schneidanlage zum Schneiden von Textilien mittels solcher Schneidvorrichtungen. Insbesondere bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung auf das Schneiden von Airbagmaterialien, die beschichtet oder unbeschichtet sein können.The invention relates to a method for cutting textiles, which consist of plastic fibers or have a proportion of plastic fibers, by means of a laser beam according to a predetermined cutting pattern. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cutting device for performing the method. Finally, the invention relates to a cutting system for cutting textiles by means of such cutting devices. In particular, the present invention relates to the cutting of airbag materials that can be coated or uncoated.
Solche Textilien, die beispielsweise aus Polyamid, Polyester oder Polyethylen bestehen können oder Anteile an solchen Kunststoffasern aufweisen, werden, um eine große Ausbringungsmenge zu erreichen, in Hochlagen-Cuttern geschnitten. Hierbei werden zunächst abwechselnd jeweils Lagen des zu schneidenden Materials, also beispielsweise Airbagmaterial , und Folien übereinandergelegt . Die bis zu 20 übereinander liegenden Lagen werden dann dem Laserschneidsystem zugeführt und im Laserschneidsystem mittels eines Laserstrahls geschnitten. Die Folien-Zwischenlagen sind notwendig, nachdem anderenfalls benachbarte Lagen des Textilienmaterials an den Schnittkanten aufgrund der Kunststoffasern bzw. des Kunststoffaseranteils miteinander verschweißen würden.Textiles of this type, which can be made of polyamide, polyester or polyethylene, for example, or have a proportion of such synthetic fibers, are cut in high-layer cutters in order to achieve a high output. Layers of the material to be cut, for example airbag material, and foils are first placed alternately on top of each other. The up to 20 layers lying one above the other are then fed to the laser cutting system and cut in the laser cutting system by means of a laser beam. The film intermediate layers are necessary after otherwise adjacent layers of the textile material would weld together at the cut edges due to the plastic fibers or the plastic fiber portion.
Diese Vorgehensweise weist einige Nachteile auf. Zum einen sind die zusätzlichen Folien-Zwischenlagen erforderlich, um ein Verschweißen an den Schnittkanten zu vermeiden. Beim Ver- einzeln der geschnittenen Teile müssen sodann die Zwischenlagen ausgesondert werden, was einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsaufwand erfordert. Nachdem die einzelnen Lagen in der Schneidstation nicht mittels Vakuum angesaugt werden können, ist somit nicht gewährleistet, daß sie vollständig eben liegen und es ergibt sich eine hohe Welligkeit bzw. Unebenheit der Stofflagen aufgrund von Lufteinschlüssen und durch Verziehen der einzelnen Lagen. Dies führt häufig zu ungenauen Schnitten. Weiterhin besteht die Gefahr, daß sich nicht stets saubere Schnittkanten ergeben, nachdem hierfür im Fokusbereich des Laserstrahls geschnitten werden muß, was bei mehreren, übereinander angeordneten Lagen stets bedeutet, daß die oberen bzw. unteren Lagen außerhalb des Fokusbereichs liegen.There are some disadvantages to this approach. On the one hand, the additional film intermediate layers are required to avoid welding at the cut edges. When selling the intermediate layers must then be separated out individually from the cut parts, which requires additional work. Since the individual layers in the cutting station cannot be sucked in by means of a vacuum, it cannot be guaranteed that they lie completely flat and there is a high waviness or unevenness of the fabric layers due to air inclusions and by warping of the individual layers. This often leads to inaccurate cuts. Furthermore, there is the risk that clean cut edges do not always result after this requires cutting in the focus area of the laser beam, which in the case of a plurality of layers arranged one above the other always means that the upper and lower layers lie outside the focus area.
Eine Alternative zum Schneiden der Textilien mittels Hochlagen-Cuttern ist das Schneiden auf einem Einzellagen-Cutter. In der Regel handelt es sich hierbei um einen Plotter, der einen Laserschneidkopf in X- und Y-Richtung verfährt. Die Vorteile eines Einzellagen-Cutters sind darin zu sehen, daß hier keine Zw-ischenlagen erforderlich sind und auch das Textilmaterial relativ eben liegt, was zu einem im Vergleich zum Hochlagen- Cutter besseren Schneidergebnis und einer höheren Genauigkeit führt. Nachteilig bei Einzellagen-Cuttern ist jedoch die geringe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit. Sehr schnelle Plotter weisen eine maximale Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit von 2 m/sec bei einer Beschleunigung von 1,5 g auf und stellen daher hinsichtlich der Ausbringungsmenge keine echte Alternative zum Hochlagen- Cutter dar.An alternative to cutting textiles using high-layer cutters is cutting on a single-layer cutter. As a rule, this is a plotter that moves a laser cutting head in the X and Y directions. The advantages of a single-layer cutter can be seen in the fact that no intermediate layers are required here and the textile material is also relatively flat, which leads to better cutting results and higher accuracy compared to the high-layer cutter. A disadvantage of single-layer cutters is the low working speed. Very fast plotters have a maximum working speed of 2 m / sec with an acceleration of 1.5 g and are therefore not a real alternative to the high-position cutter in terms of the output volume.
Der Erfindung liegt daher im wesentlichen die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schneidsystem zum Schneiden von Textilien, die aus Kunststoff bestehen oder einen Anteil an Kunststoffen aufweisen, mittels eines Laserstrahls zu schaffen, welches die grundsätzlichen Vorteile eines Einzellagen-Cutters aufweist, welches andererseits jedoch sehr hohe Schneidgeschwindigkeiten erlaubt . Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist hinsichtlich des Verfahrens gemäß Patentanspruch 1 im wesentlichen vorgesehen, daß ein vorzugsweise ortsfester Laserstrahl aufgeweitet, entsprechend dem zu erzeugenden Schnittmuster umgelenkt und auf die zu schneidende Textilie fokussiert wird.The invention is therefore essentially based on the object of creating a cutting system for cutting textiles which are made of plastic or have a proportion of plastics by means of a laser beam, which has the basic advantages of a single-layer cutter, but which on the other hand has very high cutting speeds allowed. To achieve this object, it is essentially provided with regard to the method according to claim 1 that a preferably fixed laser beam is widened, deflected according to the cutting pattern to be generated and focused on the textile to be cut.
Hinsichtlich der Schneidvorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist gemäß Patentanspruch 2 vorgesehen, daß diese folgendes enthält: Eine Laserquelle zur Erzeugung eines Laserstrahls, eine Aufweitoptik zur Aufweitung des in der Laserquelle erzeugten Laserstrahls, eine motorisch angetriebene Umlenkspiegeleinrichtung zum Umlenken des aufgeweiteten Laserstrahls entsprechend dem zu erzeugenden Schnittmuster, eine motorisch angetriebene Fokussiereinrichtung zum Fokussieren des Laserstrahls auf die Ebene der zu schneidenden Textilie in Abhängigkeit von der Umlenkung des Laserstrahls, und eine Steuereinrichtung zum Steuern des Betriebes der Schneidvorrichtung .Regarding the cutting device for carrying out the method according to the invention, it is provided according to claim 2 that it contains the following: a laser source for generating a laser beam, an expansion lens for expanding the laser beam generated in the laser source, a motor-driven deflection mirror device for deflecting the expanded laser beam in accordance with the one to be generated Cutting pattern, a motor-driven focusing device for focusing the laser beam on the plane of the textile to be cut depending on the deflection of the laser beam, and a control device for controlling the operation of the cutting device.
Die Fokussierung kann in bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch realisiert werden, daß die Aufweitoptik mit einer variablen Brennweite ausgestattet ist, wozu eine Linse oder Linsengruppe der Aufweitoptik motorisch in Richtung des Laserstrahls verschiebbar sein kann.In a preferred development of the invention, the focusing can be realized in that the expansion optics are equipped with a variable focal length, for which purpose a lens or lens group of the expansion optics can be motor-displaceable in the direction of the laser beam.
Die Umlenkspiegeleinrichtung kann in bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung zwei Umlenkspiegel umfassen, die in zwei zueinander senkrecht stehenden Ebenen verschwenkbar sind, wobei zum Verschwenken eines jeden Umlenkspiegels vorzugsweise jeweils ein Galvanometer-Scanner vorgesehen ist.In a preferred development of the invention, the deflecting mirror device can comprise two deflecting mirrors which can be pivoted in two mutually perpendicular planes, a galvanometer scanner preferably being provided for pivoting each deflecting mirror.
Im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung wird somit der als Schneidwerkzeug dienende Laserstrahl von der Laserstrahlquelle über die Aufweitoptik und zwei nachfolgenden Galvanometer- Scannern auf das Gewebe fokussiert, wobei die Aufweitoptik mit einer variablen Brennweite ausgestattet ist, die dafür sorgt, daß bei Auslenkung des Laserstrahls über die Galvanometer- Scanner der Brennpunkt des Laserstrahls stets auf der Schneidebene liegt.In the case of the present invention, the laser beam serving as a cutting tool is thus focused on the tissue by the laser beam source via the expansion optics and two subsequent galvanometer scanners, the expansion optics being equipped with a variable focal length, which ensures that when the laser beam is deflected via the Galvanometer- Scanner the focal point of the laser beam is always on the cutting plane.
Während somit beim Stand der Technik gemäß dem weiter oben beschriebenen Einzellagen-Cutter nur eine begrenzte Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit möglich ist, nachdem bei diesem System die kompletten Achsen des Plotters und auch der Schneidkopf mit- bewegt werden müssen, sind im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung sehr hohe Schneidgeschwindigkeiten bei hoher Beschleunigung möglich, nachdem hier lediglich die Umlenkspiegel über die Galvanometer ausgelenkt werden müssen, wodurch sich kleine Massenbewegungen ergeben. Auch ist im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung der Aufwand, der für den mechanischen Aufbau des Schneidsystems getrieben werden muß, geringer als beim Stand der Technik, da beim Stand der Technik vergleichsweise hohe Massen bewegt werden müssen und somit in aufwendiger Weise für einen schwingungsfreien Aufbau Sorge getragen werden muß, der di-e entsprechenden Kräfte aufnimmt .Thus, while in the prior art according to the single-layer cutter described above, only a limited working speed is possible after the complete axes of the plotter and also the cutting head have to be moved in this system, in the case of the present invention very high cutting speeds are involved High acceleration possible after only the deflection mirrors have to be deflected via the galvanometer, which results in small mass movements. Also, in the case of the present invention, the effort that has to be made for the mechanical construction of the cutting system is less than in the prior art, since in the prior art comparatively large masses have to be moved and are thus taken care of in a complex manner for a vibration-free construction must be, which absorbs the corresponding forces.
Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist es, daß im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung das Textilmaterial von der Rolle geschnitten werden kann, wodurch sich, im Vergleich zu den Hochlagen-Cuttern, bei denen die Länge der Lagen durch die zum Legen der Lagen verwendete Legemaschine vorgegeben ist, durch eine mögliche Schachtelung der Schnitte eine optimale Ausnutzung des Stoffes ergibt .It is also advantageous that, in the case of the present invention, the textile material can be cut from the roll, as a result of which, in comparison to the high-layer cutters, in which the length of the layers is predetermined by the laying machine used to lay the layers possible nesting of the cuts results in optimal use of the fabric.
In bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist eine Schneidanlage zum Schneiden von Textilien vorgesehen, die mindestens zwei erfindungsgemäße Schneidvorrichtungen aufweist, wobei für die mindestens zwei Schneidvorrichtungen eine gemeinsame Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen ist und die mindestens zwei Schneidvorrichtungen so angeordnet und steuerbar sind, daß unmittelbar benachbarte Bereiche der zu schneidenden Textilien geschnitten werden können. Hierdurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, in einem einzigen Arbeitsdurchgang Gewebebahnen größerer Breite zuzuschneiden, im Falle der Verwendung von zwei neben- einander angeordneten Schneidvorrichtungen beispielsweise einer Breite von 300 cm, falls jede Schneidvorrichtung eine Arbeitsbreite von 150 cm aufweist.In a preferred development of the invention, a cutting system for cutting textiles is provided which has at least two cutting devices according to the invention, a common control device being provided for the at least two cutting devices and the at least two cutting devices being arranged and controllable in such a way that immediately adjacent areas of the to be cut Textiles can be cut. This makes it possible to cut fabric webs of greater width in a single pass, in the case of using two adjacent mutually arranged cutting devices, for example a width of 300 cm, if each cutting device has a working width of 150 cm.
Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den übrigen Unteransprüchen sowie aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert sind. In der Zeichnung zeigen in halbschematischer Darstellung:Further advantageous features of the invention emerge from the remaining subclaims and from the following description in which several exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows in a semi-schematic representation:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Schneidvorrichtung,1 is a perspective view of the cutting device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 eine Frontansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schneidanlage mit zwei Schneidvorrichtungen, undFig. 2 is a front view of a cutting system according to the invention with two cutting devices, and
Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht der Schneidanlage gemäß Fig. 2.3 shows a side view of the cutting system according to FIG. 2.
Es wird zunächst auf Fig. 1 Bezug genommen. Die dort skiz- zi-erte Schneidvorrichtung ist insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 20 und der zu schneidende Textilstoff mit der Bezugsziffer 30 bezeichnet . Die Schneidvorrichtung 20 umfaßt einen ortsfesten Laser 22, welcher einen Laserstrahl 24 erzeugt. Der Laserstrahl 24 durchläuft zunächst eine Aufweitoptik 26, in der der Laserstrahl 24 aufgeweitet wird. Der aufgeweitete Laserstrahl 24' wird sodann nacheinander an zwei Spiegeln 28, 29 reflektiert, die den Laserstrahl dann auf den entsprechend einem vorgegebenen Schnittmuster zu schneidenden Textilstoff 30 richten.Reference is first made to FIG. 1. The cutting device sketched there is designated overall by the reference number 20 and the textile material to be cut is designated by the reference number 30. The cutting device 20 comprises a fixed laser 22, which generates a laser beam 24. The laser beam 24 first passes through an expansion lens 26 in which the laser beam 24 is expanded. The expanded laser beam 24 'is then successively reflected on two mirrors 28, 29 which then direct the laser beam onto the textile material 30 to be cut in accordance with a predetermined cutting pattern.
Der Umlenkspiegel 28 ist in einer Ebene parallel zur Ebene des Textilstoffs 30 verschwenkbar und der Umlenkspiegel 29 ist in einer Ebene verschwenkbar, die senkrecht zur Ebene des Textilstoffs 30 steht. Zum Verschwenken der Schwenkspiegel 28, 29 sind diese jeweils mit einem Galvanometer-Scanner 32 bzw. 34 antriebsmäßig verbunden. Die Galvanometer-Scanner 32, 34 werden über eine nicht dargestellte Steuereinrichtung so gesteuert, daß der Laserstrahl 24' auf dem Textilstoff 30 den Schnitt gemäß einem vorgegebenen Schnittmuster erzeugt. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, daß der Laserstrahl 24, 24' auf die Ebene des Textilstoffs 30 fokussiert ist. Um bei über den Textilstoff wanderndem Laserstrahl unabhängig vom Winkel, den der sich bewegende Laserstrahl mit der Ebene des Textilstoffs 30 einnimmt, und daher unabhängig von der Länge des Laserstrahls 24' eine exakte Fokussierung des Laserstrahls auf der Ebene des Textilstoffs 30 zu bewerkstelligen, ist es er orderlich, den Laserstrahl laufend nachzufokussieren. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Aufweitoptik 26 mit einer variablen Brennweite ausgestattet, wobei die Linse 36 der Aufweitoptik 26 in Richtung des Laserstrahls motorisch verschiebbar ist; die Steuerung der Linsenverschiebung zur Aufrechterhaltung einer exakten Fokussierung übernimmt die oben genannte, nicht dargestellte Steuerung.The deflecting mirror 28 can be pivoted in a plane parallel to the plane of the textile material 30 and the deflecting mirror 29 can be pivoted in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the textile material 30. To pivot the swivel mirrors 28, 29, they are each connected to a galvanometer scanner 32 or 34 in terms of drive. The galvanometer scanners 32, 34 are controlled by a control device (not shown) in such a way that the laser beam 24 'on the textile material 30 generates the cut according to a predetermined cutting pattern. For this it is necessary that the laser beam 24, 24 'is focused on the plane of the fabric 30. In order to achieve an exact focusing of the laser beam on the plane of the textile material 30, regardless of the angle which the moving laser beam occupies with the plane of the textile material 30 and therefore regardless of the length of the laser beam 24 ′, the laser beam moves on the textile material 30 he ordered to continuously refocus the laser beam. For this purpose, the expansion optics 26 are equipped with a variable focal length, the lens 36 of the expansion optics 26 being motor-displaceable in the direction of the laser beam; the above-mentioned control, not shown, takes over the control of the lens shift in order to maintain exact focusing.
In Abhängigkeit von der Geometrie der Anordnung ergibt sich für den Laserstrahl ein Arbeitsbereich von etwa 200 mm x 200 mm bis etwa 1.500 mm x 1.500 mm. Mit einer Laserleistung im Bereich von etwa 500 Watt bis etwa 3.000 Watt kann beispielsweise Airbagmaterial mit sehr hohen Geschwindigkeiten, das heißt mit Geschwindigkeiten bis etwa 7 m/sec geschnitten werden.Depending on the geometry of the arrangement, the laser beam has a working area of approximately 200 mm x 200 mm to approximately 1,500 mm x 1,500 mm. With a laser power in the range of approximately 500 watts to approximately 3,000 watts, for example, airbag material can be cut at very high speeds, that is to say at speeds of up to approximately 7 m / sec.
Es wird nun auf die Fig. 2 und 3 Bezug genommen, die eine Schneidanlage mit zwei Schneidvorrichtungen zeigen. Die Schneidanlage umfaßt eine Zuführstation 40, von der bandförmiges Textilstoffmaterial 42 von einer Vorratsrolle 44 abgewickelt wird, eine Schneidstation 46, in der das bandförmige Material entsprechend dem vorgegebenen Schnittmuster mittels Laserstrahlen geschnitten wird und die mittels eines Strahl- schutzgehäuses 54 abgedeckt ist, sowie eine Entnahmestation 48, in der die zugeschnittenen Teile entnommen bzw. über ein Transportband oder einen Conveyor 52 abtransportiert werden. Das bandförmige Textilmaterial 42 weist im Falle des Ausführungsbeispiels eine Breite von 3 m auf. In der Schneidstation 46 sind zwei 'Laser-Schneidvorrichtungen nebeneinander angeordnet . Die aus den Laserquellen 22 austretenden Laserstrahlen treffen, nachdem sie die Aufweitoptik durchlaufen haben und nach Umlenkung über geeignete Spiegel, auf die jeweilige Scannereinrichtung 25, die jeweils die beiden Galvanometer- Scanner 32, 34 samt Spiegel 28, 29 umfaßt. Von hier aus werden die beiden Laserstrahlen in die Schnittebene 50 auf die Textilienbahn entsprechend dem vorgegebenen Muster umgelenkt, wobei sie in der Ebene 50 fokussiert sind. Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, sind die beiden Scanneranordnungen 25 quer zur Stoffbahn 42 nebeneinander angeordnet und in der Lage, jeweils die halbe Breite der Bahn zu bearbeiten.2 and 3, which show a cutting system with two cutting devices. The cutting system comprises a feed station 40, from which ribbon-shaped textile material 42 is unwound from a supply roll 44, a cutting station 46, in which the ribbon-shaped material is cut by means of laser beams in accordance with the predetermined cutting pattern and which is covered by a radiation protection housing 54, and a removal station 48, in which the cut parts are removed or transported away on a conveyor belt or a conveyor 52. In the case of the exemplary embodiment, the band-shaped textile material 42 has a width of 3 m. In the cutting station 46, two laser cutting devices are arranged side by side. The laser beams emerging from the laser sources 22 meet, after they have passed through the expansion optics and after deflection via suitable mirrors, to the respective scanner device 25, which in each case comprises the two galvanometer scanners 32, 34 together with mirrors 28, 29. From here, the two laser beams are deflected into the cutting plane 50 onto the textile web according to the predetermined pattern, whereby they are focused in the plane 50. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the two scanner arrangements 25 are arranged next to one another transversely to the fabric web 42 and are capable of processing half the width of the web in each case.
Der Transport der Gewebebahn durch die Schneidstation kann entweder schrittweise erfolgen, so daß bei ruhendem Gewebeband geschnitten wird, oder aber kontinuierlich, so daß die Gewebebahn im Durchlauf geschnitten wird. Im letzteren Fall ergibt sich eine besonders kompakte Bauweise der Anlage.The web of fabric can be transported through the cutting station either step by step, so that when the web of fabric is at a standstill, or continuously, so that the web of web is cut in one pass. In the latter case, the system is particularly compact.
Be-i dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sind Konturschnitte mit einer maximalen Breite von 3000 mm und mit einer praktisch unbegrenzten Länge möglich.In the described embodiment of the invention, contour cuts with a maximum width of 3000 mm and with a practically unlimited length are possible.
Auch bei kontinuierlichem Durchlauf der Gewebebahn sind Konturschnitte praktisch beliebiger Form ohne Größenbegrenzung, d.h. über die gesamte zur Verfügung stehende Breite möglich. Even with continuous passage of the fabric web, contour cuts are practically of any shape without size limitation, i.e. possible over the entire available width.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zum Schneiden von Textilien (30), die aus Kunststoffasern bestehen oder einen Anteil an Kunststoffasern aufweisen, mittels eines Laserstrahls (24, 24') nach einem vorgegebenen Schnittmuster, wobei ein Laserstrahl aufgeweitet, entsprechend dem zu erzeugenden Schnittmuster umgelenkt und auf die zu schneidende Textilie (30) fokussiert wird.1. A method for cutting textiles (30), which consist of plastic fibers or have a proportion of plastic fibers, by means of a laser beam (24, 24 ') according to a predetermined cutting pattern, a laser beam being widened, deflected according to the cutting pattern to be produced and onto which textile (30) to be cut is focused.
2. Schneidvorrichtung zum Schneiden von Textilien (30), die aus Kunststoffen bestehen oder einen Anteil an Kunststoffen aufweisen, nach einem vorgegebenen Schnittmuster, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schneidvorrichtung (20) folgendes enthält: eine Laserquelle (22) zur Erzeugung eines Laserstrahls (2.-4) , eine Aufweitoptik (26) zur Aufweitung des in der Laser- qurelle erzeugten Laserstrahls, eine motorisch angetriebene Umlenkspiegeleinrichtung (28, 29, 32, 34) zum Umlenken des aufgeweiteten Laserstrahls entsprechend dem zu erzeugenden Schnittmuster, eine motorisch angetriebene Fokussiereinrichtung (36) zum Fokussieren des Laserstrahls (24) auf die Ebene der zu schneidenden Textilie (30) in Abhängigkeit von der Umlenkung des Laserstrahls, und eine Steuereinrichtung zum Steuern des Betriebs der Schneidvorrichtung (20) .2. Cutting device for cutting textiles (30), which consist of plastics or have a proportion of plastics, according to a predetermined cutting pattern, for carrying out the method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting device (20) contains the following: a laser source (22) for Generation of a laser beam (2.-4), expansion optics (26) for expanding the laser beam generated in the laser source, a motor-driven deflection mirror device (28, 29, 32, 34) for deflecting the expanded laser beam in accordance with the cutting pattern to be generated, a motor-driven focusing device (36) for focusing the laser beam (24) onto the plane of the textile (30) to be cut depending on the deflection of the laser beam, and a control device for controlling the operation of the cutting device (20).
3. Schneidvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch g e k e n nz e i c h n e t , daß die Aufweitoptik (26) mit einer variablen Brennweite ausgestattet ist .3. Cutting device according to claim 2, characterized g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the expansion optics (26) is equipped with a variable focal length.
4. Schneidvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch g e k e n nz e i c h e t , daß eine Linse (36) oder Linsengruppe der4. Cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that a lens (36) or group of lenses
Aufweitoptik (26) motorisch in Richtung des Laserstrahls (24) verschiebbar ist .Expansion optics (26) motorized in the direction of the laser beam (24) is movable.
5. Schneidvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Umlenkspiegel- einrichtung zwei Umlenkspiegel (28, 29) umfaßt, die in zwei zueinander senkrecht stehenden Ebenen verschwenkbar sind.5. Cutting device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the deflecting mirror device comprises two deflecting mirrors (28, 29) which can be pivoted in two mutually perpendicular planes.
6. Schneidvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch g e k e n nz e i c h n e t , daß zum Verschwenken eines jeden Umlenkspiegels (28, 29) jeweils ein Galvanometer-Scanner (32, 34) vorgesehen ist.6. Cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that a galvanometer scanner (32, 34) is provided for pivoting each deflecting mirror (28, 29).
7. Schneidvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Laserquelle7. Cutting device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the laser source
(22) ortsfest ist.(22) is stationary.
8. Schneidanlage zum Schneiden von Textilien, die mindestens zwei Schneidvorrichtungen (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis8. Cutting system for cutting textiles, the at least two cutting devices (20) according to one of claims 2 to
7 aufweist, wobei für die mindestens zwei Schneidvorrichtungen ei-ne gemeinsame Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen ist und die mindestens zwei Schneidvorrichtungen so angeordnet und steuerbar sind, daß unmittelbar benachbarte Bereiche der zu schneidenden Textilien geschnitten werden können.7, wherein a common control device is provided for the at least two cutting devices and the at least two cutting devices are arranged and controllable in such a way that immediately adjacent areas of the textiles to be cut can be cut.
9. Schneidanlage nach Anspruch 8, wobei eine Textilienbahn (42) einem Schneidbereich (50) der Schneidanlage zuführbar ist, in welchem die Textilienbahn entsprechend dem Schnittmuster geschnitten wird, wobei die Umlenkspiegeleinrichtungen (25) der mindestens zwei Schneidvorrichtungen (20) quer zur9. Cutting system according to claim 8, wherein a textile web (42) can be fed to a cutting area (50) of the cutting system, in which the textile web is cut according to the cutting pattern, the deflecting mirror devices (25) of the at least two cutting devices (20) transverse to
Transportrichtung der Textilienbahnen (42) nebeneinanderliegend angeordnet sind.Transport direction of the textile webs (42) are arranged side by side.
10. Schneidanlage nach Anspruch 9, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Textilienbahn (42) den Schneidbereich (50) entsprechend dem zu schneidenden Schnittmuster schrittweise 'zuführbar ist. 10. Cutting system according to claim 9, characterized in that the textile web (42) the cutting area (50) according to the cutting pattern to be cut is gradually 'fed.
11. Schneidanlage nach Anspruch 9, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Textilienbahn (42) dem Schneidbereich (50) kontinuierlich zuführbar ist.11. Cutting system according to claim 9, characterized in that the textile web (42) can be fed continuously to the cutting area (50).
12. Schneidanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Textilienbahn (42) von einer Vorratsrolle (44) zuführbar ist. 12. Cutting system according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the textile web (42) can be fed from a supply roll (44).
PCT/DE2003/000839 2002-07-26 2003-03-14 Method, device and installation for cutting textiles by means of a laser beam WO2004016847A1 (en)

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DE10234011A DE10234011A1 (en) 2002-07-26 2002-07-26 Cutting textiles containing plastic fibres, comprises using a laser to cut along a predetermined pattern

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WO2007082992A1 (en) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Savcor Alfa Oy Laser welding method
WO2008091380A3 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-10-16 Gsi Group Corp System and method for employing a resonant scanner in an x-y high speed drilling system
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