WO2004014489A1 - Boule d'extinction d'incendie - Google Patents

Boule d'extinction d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004014489A1
WO2004014489A1 PCT/US2002/025158 US0225158W WO2004014489A1 WO 2004014489 A1 WO2004014489 A1 WO 2004014489A1 US 0225158 W US0225158 W US 0225158W WO 2004014489 A1 WO2004014489 A1 WO 2004014489A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
fire
detonator
filler
extinguishing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/025158
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Woradech Kaimart
Original Assignee
Jutabha, Sally
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jutabha, Sally filed Critical Jutabha, Sally
Priority to CNB028294335A priority Critical patent/CN100544796C/zh
Priority to AU2002324643A priority patent/AU2002324643A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2002/025158 priority patent/WO2004014489A1/fr
Publication of WO2004014489A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004014489A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/08—Containers destroyed or opened by bursting charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fire extinguishing devices.
  • this invention relates to a device that disperses fire-fighting chemical agents, both wet and dry types, through the use of an explosive force.
  • Fire-fighting devices in general use at present are subject to numerous limiting factors with respect to their cost of acquisition, placement, storage, deployment for fire-fighting - or fire suppression - and other factors. By their nature, they may require periodic inspection by qualified, knowledgeable persons, training or esoterically detailed familiarity in their use, are typically bulky and/or require, as centralized sensing and extinguishing systems, extensive, expensive installation to afford the protection they are designed to provide.
  • Small fire safety devices such as the common pressurized dry chemical extinguisher, are relatively heavy, due to the prerequisite construction of their pressurized containers. Their weight, bulk and relative complexity, adds to the cost of manufacture, and therefore, theoretically, their cost of acquisition. In use, their directed stream of chemical spray requires judgment and forethought, and therefore, a fully conscious and cognizant user whose mental faculties have not been impaired by smoke, heat, mental stress or panic.
  • Sprinkler systems are subject to high installation costs, and may fail to effectively fight fires due to limited water supplies, pump failures, sedimentary clogging of water supply piping, or failure to install sprinkler heads with sufficient coverage areas throughout an edifice, among other factors.
  • a drawback to nearly any fixed installation of fire-fighting equipment, such as fire hoses and sprinklers, is that they are often installed with less than complete coverage area for the full extent of the interior space they were installed to protect, due to simplified installations, the limits of their dispersal patterns from fixed mountings, or physical obstructions to retardant discharge.
  • the present invention is designed as a product which is versatile in installation mounting, i.e., mountable in a simple holder on walls, desk, counter or table surfaces, or elsewhere, and be able to self-actuate when situated as thus, yet can be lifted out of its holder and deployed manually, should any occupant of the room or area deem appropriate, and be conscious and capable of doing so.
  • Explosive devices for fire-fighting purposes in prior art, have often demonstrated high efficiency in extinguishing localized blazes, but have shown limitations, again, in cost and the relative sophistication of their design impacting complexity in manufacturing process. Also their methods of storage, deployment and/or use, such designs may be seen to require expert use, inhibiting broad public acceptance.
  • dispersal patterns of the fire extinguishing chemicals from some explosive fire-fighting devices may, in some cases, be less than uniform or ideal.
  • Two other important detractions to explosively dispersed chemical fire-fighting devices are the force of detonation experienced with some, and subsequent flying debris from even some minute parts of such devices, despite frangible casings, therefore being therein safety hazards unto themselves.
  • the object of this invention is to provide an inexpensive, compact and easily used device, which, while being of the explosive type, does not present any serious safety hazard in its actuation.
  • the present invention is a single-use device, which is environmentally friendly in its basic construction, and leaves little more residue than the expended fire extinguishing/suppressant chemicals employed with the device, when actuated.
  • No attempt is made to affect reusability in the device because a reusable device requires components that can withstand the stresses of remanufacturing processes, add the need for a recycling infrastructure that can not only 'refill' the device, but also test and certify that the recycled device can perform again at the required level of protection or usefulness.
  • This of course leads to the requirement that the reusable components must be sturdy enough not only for refilling/remanufacturing, but to be able to reliably perform for more than one use.
  • What is logically required in a low-cost, easily manufactured, effective fire-fighting device is, a low mass, inexpensively manufactured containment vessel, with a maximum of fire-retardant chemical agent within such a device - viewed as a relatively high percentage of weight/mass of the fire-fighting agent to the total weight and mass of the complete functional unit - and a method of dispersal of the chemical agent by a rapid means, which in itself is lightweight, does not create bulk, is inexpensive and places few demands on the device container while the device is stored and unused.
  • General public acceptance also requires other values, as well, those being that it is highly effective in its work, that it is intuitively easy to use, compact enough to be placed anywhere near at hand when needed, and that it be inexpensive.
  • the device disclosed herein is intended to have the following features- A simple, self-contained design, and of a construction whose physical integrity and ability to operate can be quickly surmised through visual inspection of its exterior by ordinary persons not highly versed in technical knowledge, and be - inexpensive and easily manufactured in nearly any country, worldwide; so intuitively simple in its use that even a confused or partially impaired user may employ it with little forethought; so innocuous in size and shape that it may be installed or stored in nearly any environment without esthetic objection; capable of actuation with or without human intervention, and if without, that upon detonation provides sufficient aural report to warn persons in the vicinity of the fire threat.
  • the present invention is an explosive, fire-fighting device comprised of three basic components, being - a) A frangible casing whose composition represents no threat as shrapnel, b) Fire-fighting agents such as are commercially available, whether being either dry, wet, or of other form in single or multiple component combinations, c) A detonating device with low explosive yield, insufficient to deliver a debilitating concussive shock to humans at even relatively close proximity to the device during actuation, preferably of a type lacking any constituent part with sufficient hardness, mass or density to constitute shrapnel-like, ballistic hazard, and be commercially available and commonly found.
  • component a) is comprised of a low-density, rigid plastic foam shell molded to
  • 95 shape which may be, but is not limited to, a sphere - comprising one hemispherical molded shape, where two of the same molded part form a complete sphere, which again, is not intended to limit the present invention to only one shape, nor exclude other possible configurations of the casing.
  • seam formed by the assembly of two such hemispheres together may be considered a latitudinal plane of reference, then at the polar regions of the component hemispheres, or other convenient point(s), small holes are located 100 with adjacent exterior surface cavities through which small pyrotechnic fuse cords are protruded and laid flat, i.e., flush in the aforementioned cavities.
  • a round filler hole molded into the hemispheres at the joint between them suffices as an orifice for charging the device with the chemical fire-fighting agent(s) after assembly of the casing halves into a whole unit with the detonator already inside.
  • the wall thickness of a rigid foam casing has been found to be adequate at between 0.8 - 1.0 centimeter, for a 105 device approximately fifteen centimeters in diameter.
  • An adhesive compatible with the casing material may be employed in assembling the two casing halves, but is not essential.
  • the first layer would be a wide band of the shrink-wrap film applied in a vertical orientation, crossing the poles of the sphere, holding secure the 110 two hemispheres, as well as the filler plug, and also covering the fuse ends at or near the poles.
  • This layer after low temperature hot air is applied to the shrink-wrap film, covers most of the sphere.
  • a second band being the same part - in size, thickness and diameter - as the first layer, is applied latitudinally about the seam formed by the two assembled halves.
  • the layers together completely cover the exterior of the invention.
  • the shrink-wrap film layer(s) no matter what the external shape of the device is, can provide the structural 115 quality which typical low-density, rigid plastic foam materials for the casing lack, i.e., a tensile external 'skin' more resistant to surface abrasion. This sheathing also helps to make the invention highly water-resistant, where desired, with the additional modest application of silicone-based, or other, sealants in a few selected areas.
  • Component b) is the primary, and possibly secondary, fire-extinguishing agent.
  • the choice of chemical agent is limited only to that the core chemical -- meaning the chemical charge in a single walled version, or the inner core charge
  • the 120 of the multi-walled version of the present invention ⁇ should be of the dry powder type, such as of commercially available ammonium phosphates or sodium carbonate types, or any other suitable fire-fighting chemical in dry powder form; otherwise the detonator must be impervious to the agent in any other physical form, or the detonator must be isolated from the chemical agent through protective wrapping or coating.
  • Liquid or even gaseous agents at atmospheric pressure may otherwise be accommodated by adding them to the outer cavity, or cavities, of a multi-walled construction, with outer casing(s) essentially much the same construction as the inner casing, only larger. It has been found that even plain water affords a marked increase in fire-fighting efficacy as an instantaneous coolant, through misting, upon detonation of the device, though other commercially known, specialized
  • liquid agents may provide higher, specialized efficiency.
  • Component c) is the detonator with fuse cords at either end.
  • These common, commercially available pyrotechnic detonators are typically of the magnesium/aluminum powder-based type, and are chosen for wide availability, in sizes with only just enough explosive yield to burst the casing(s) of the device, and disperse the fire-extinguishing agents in an effective pattern.
  • a small, fifteen-centimeter diameter, single component, dry chemical device of this invention has been found to be capable of dispersing its chemical agent up to two meters, or more, from the point of detonation, in an omnidirectional dispersal pattern - given the preferred spherical exterior configuration, and can effectively achieve effectively spontaneous dousing of flames within that radius for many types of fires, without the need of much explosive force. It has also been found that the force required to disperse dry powder chemical cores in a fifteen-centimeter diameter
  • the container, or casing, of the invention is made from the lightweight frangible material with sheathing as previously disclosed. While this configuration is sturdy enough to sustain the physical integrity
  • FIG. 1 depicts a cutaway sectional view of the fire-extinguishing device in perspective.
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the basic external shape version of this invention, and locates the plane of reference for the 155 sectional view used in several other drawings.
  • FIG.3 is a sectional view of a double-walled modification to the basic design of the fire-extinguishing device.
  • FIG.4 is an exploded, perspective view locating details at the rear and base of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 depicts an alternative external configuration to the basic design of the fire-extinguishing device, being an alteration purely for visual esthetic appeal.
  • the containment vessel seen FIG.1 and other drawings as 3, of the present invention utilizes lightweight, low density, rigid plastic foam as the preferred material, and 180 specify among the current best choices, EPS (expanded polystyrene foam).
  • EPS expanded polystyrene foam
  • this material is molded into the required component shape, of which the preferred embodiment would require a hemisphere, because the sphere assembled from it is basic and efficient in terms of manufacture, the ratio of interior volume relative to surface area is highest, and thus the size of the device is minimized, as well as being that shape which results in the most evenly omni-direcfional dispersal pattern when utilized.
  • half of the rim of each hemisphere could feature a tongue protrusion and matching groove 4 on the other half of the rim - or other joint features, excepting a small portion of the rim reserved for (half of) the filler hole and fitted plug 9, permitting a single molding to be used for both sides of the sphere with a secure joint between them 10.
  • the present invention is intended to be projected by hand - meaning tossed, rolled, dropped or otherwise
  • detonator chosen must be of a type constructed of materials with such low density and mass of constituent parts that they effectively disintegrate into minute, non-hazardous flying debris upon explosion of the detonator.
  • Assembly of the present invention from its component parts begins with threading one of the fuse cords 6 of the detonator 5 through the hole made for it in the plastic foam casing 3, and then cutting that cord off at such a length and inserting its end into a casing depression cavity for the fuse 6 tip such that the detonator 5 will be suspended in the
  • a dry chemical fire-extinguishing/fire-suppressant agent 8 is then poured through the filler hole 9 into the
  • one shrink-wrap film band 2 would be fitted vertically (meaning that the centerline of the band would be oriented longitudinally), wherein the centerline of the circular shrink-wrap band should cross and cover the fuse cord 6 tips lying in cavities at the top and base of the assembly, as well as crossing the centerline of the filler 210 plug 9 at the seam between the hemispheres 10, in this preferred configuration.
  • That single shrink-wrap band 2 would effectively constrain the entire assembly of a sphere into a bound and sealed unit, but would not ordinarily cover the sphere's entire surface, due to the maximum shrink ratio of typical plastic shrink-wrap film being usually insufficient for the edges of the shrink-wrap band to effectively reduce their contour under application of hot air to completely, and neatly, enclose the entire spherical surface.
  • That single shrink-wrap band 2 would effectively constrain the entire assembly of a sphere into a bound and sealed unit, but would not ordinarily cover the sphere's entire surface, due to the maximum shrink ratio of typical plastic shrink-wrap film being usually insufficient for the edges of the shrink-wrap band to effectively reduce their contour under application of hot air to completely, and neatly, enclose the entire spherical surface.
  • the width of the shrink-wrap band is limited to that width which can be neatly contoured onto a spherical shape.
  • a second band 7 is then necessitated to the spherical assembly, this one latitudinally applied, i.e., fitted with the centerline of this band being co-located in a plane with the seam between the two hemisphereslO, and likewise heat-contoured to the sphere's surface with a hot-air blower or through a hot-air tunnel - as is industrially common -
  • Minor refinements to this procedure can include the addition of modest amounts of a silicone-based or other sealer compatible with the composition of the casing and the shrink-wrap film, to make the casing seams, filler plug and fuse cord holes impervious to intrusion of moisture, over and above the protection afforded by the shrink-wrap film.
  • a modification, seen in FIG. 4 of the drawings supplied in this disclosure, is to encase the entire assembly described above within yet another, generally concentric shell 14, much like the first casing, but large enough to
  • 230 enclose a cavity between inner and outer casings, wherein that cavity can be filled with a second fire-extinguishing agent 11 , likely dry or liquid, the nature of which could be as a reactant with the dry chemical charge of the inner core, or a second chemical agent to broaden the range of the device against various specialized types of fires, or even the addition of a liquid coolant - even plain water - to increase the fire suppressing efficiency of the device.
  • a second fire-extinguishing agent 11 likely dry or liquid, the nature of which could be as a reactant with the dry chemical charge of the inner core, or a second chemical agent to broaden the range of the device against various specialized types of fires, or even the addition of a liquid coolant - even plain water - to increase the fire suppressing efficiency of the device.
  • the use of such coolants is effective due to the sudden expansion of the liquid into fine vapor, thus creating a cooling effect, which
  • Such 'multi-walled' construction as seen in FIG. 3 is not limited to a second outer casing in the intent of this disclosure.
  • This disclosure contends that in this utility, the number of additional layers, and therefore chambers, that can be enclosed by yet another casing for separation of fire-extinguishing components is only limited to the practical value of the additional complexity of the additional layers.
  • the advancement in the state-of-the-art here is the option of 240 such fire-fighting sophistication and versatility available in a small and simple device that can be assembled at rudimentary production facilities.
  • FIG.5 represents one example of a purely aesthetic alteration in the external profile of the present invention. Such alterations in the shape of the device are not intended to differ from the preferred embodiment's elemental characteristics of a shrink-wrap, plastic film sheathed, rigid foam hollow casing, enclosing fire-extinguishing agent(s)

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'extinction d'incendie du type explosif qui est destiné à être utilisé dans la lutte contre les feux de zone. La force de détonation du dispositif est minimisée par l'utilisation de composants à faible densité/faible masse sans qu'aucune partie du dispositif ne présente une masse ou une densité suffisante pour constituer un danger balistique ou ne présente un risque quelconque de commotion due à l'explosion. La présente invention se compose d'un boîtier léger (3) constitué d'un matériau frangible et recouvert d'un revêtement extérieur de protection (7). Dans la cavité interne du dispositif, un détonateur pyrotechnique (5) situé au centre de masse ou à proximité de celui-ci est actionné par une ou plusieurs cordeaux fusants (6) partant du détonateur, la ou les extrémités desdits cordeaux s'étendant du détonateur intérieur au montage situé sur la surface extérieure. Ce dispositif peut être chargé de divers agents chimiques ignifugeants (8), notamment des poudres sèches, des réactifs en deux parties, des composants liquides ou autres, seuls ou combinés à d'autres agents.
PCT/US2002/025158 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 Boule d'extinction d'incendie WO2004014489A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB028294335A CN100544796C (zh) 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 消防球
AU2002324643A AU2002324643A1 (en) 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 Fire extinguishing ball
PCT/US2002/025158 WO2004014489A1 (fr) 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 Boule d'extinction d'incendie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2002/025158 WO2004014489A1 (fr) 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 Boule d'extinction d'incendie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004014489A1 true WO2004014489A1 (fr) 2004-02-19

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PCT/US2002/025158 WO2004014489A1 (fr) 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 Boule d'extinction d'incendie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100544796C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002324643A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004014489A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2264632A1 (es) * 2005-02-23 2007-01-01 Benigno Garcia Calvo Extintor de incendios.
CN102294088A (zh) * 2011-06-30 2011-12-28 陈奇 投掷式自动灭火装置
CN103920266A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-16 严斯文 自动灭火雷
JP2015123313A (ja) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-06 ニッショウ機器株式会社 消火用具及び消火方法
WO2015158922A1 (fr) 2014-04-17 2015-10-22 Universite De Rennes 1 Materiau constitue d'une preparation comprenant du ferrocene
CN108283768A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-07-17 佛山市高明区沧江中学 基于Arduino控制烟雾报警器的森林灭火装置

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CN102179026B (zh) * 2010-09-16 2012-06-27 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 通过高温分解产生灭火物质的灭火组合物
CN102179025B (zh) * 2010-09-16 2012-06-27 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 通过高温升华产生灭火物质的灭火组合物
CN102179023B (zh) * 2010-09-16 2012-06-27 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 一种灭火方法
CN102179024B (zh) 2010-09-16 2012-06-27 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 通过高温进行组分间发生化学反应产生灭火物质的灭火组合物
CN102179027B (zh) 2010-09-16 2012-06-27 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 一种二茂铁类灭火组合物
CN102935277B (zh) * 2011-08-16 2015-07-22 西安坚瑞安全应急设备有限责任公司 一种灭火组合物
CN103495266A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-08 北京鼎烨伟信电力设备有限公司 二级爆炸灭火器
CN103920265B (zh) * 2014-04-29 2016-05-25 成都陵川特种工业有限责任公司 一种灭火装置
CN104258529B (zh) * 2014-09-16 2017-02-22 温州安顺消防设备有限公司 便携式灭火消防瓶
CN105031856A (zh) * 2015-07-24 2015-11-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 多用途灭火球
CN107320883B (zh) * 2017-08-31 2021-06-15 杭州双擎动力设备有限公司 一种消防灭火用气泡球
CN209204541U (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-08-06 湖南安民科技有限责任公司 多方式启动干粉灭火球
CN110237462B (zh) * 2019-06-10 2022-02-08 西北工业大学 一种采用柔性内胆的硬壳式灭火弹
CN114642850A (zh) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-21 长春职业技术学院 一种盘管式消防喷淋装置

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US5894891A (en) * 1994-08-08 1999-04-20 Amrona Ag Method and device for extinguishing fires
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US6012531A (en) * 1998-04-20 2000-01-11 Ryan; James W. Fire extinguishing bomb

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2264632A1 (es) * 2005-02-23 2007-01-01 Benigno Garcia Calvo Extintor de incendios.
CN102294088A (zh) * 2011-06-30 2011-12-28 陈奇 投掷式自动灭火装置
JP2015123313A (ja) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-06 ニッショウ機器株式会社 消火用具及び消火方法
WO2015158922A1 (fr) 2014-04-17 2015-10-22 Universite De Rennes 1 Materiau constitue d'une preparation comprenant du ferrocene
US9951286B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2018-04-24 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique—CNRS Material consisting of a preparation comprising ferrocene
CN103920266A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-16 严斯文 自动灭火雷
CN108283768A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-07-17 佛山市高明区沧江中学 基于Arduino控制烟雾报警器的森林灭火装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1713935A (zh) 2005-12-28
CN100544796C (zh) 2009-09-30
AU2002324643A1 (en) 2004-02-25

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