DESCRIPTION * * * * *
Title: "Equipment for steam generation for household appliance." The present invention refers to an equipment for steam generation, particularly for household appliances, from now on referred to as appliances for the sake of brevity, such as the steam iron, steam floor washer and the like. The combination of an appliance and a steam generator which is separate from the appliance itself is known from patent EP 438112.
In such a patent EP 438112 the combination of a steam iron capable of driving the activation of an electrovalve, by pressure of a button which is part of the appliance, so as to deliver steam is illustrated, said steam being produced by a steam generator of the accumulation type. The accumulation steam generator is equipped with a resistive element which is controlled by thermostatic means. The resistive element has the function of transforming into steam the water introduced into the generator .
In particular, the apparatus illustrated in such a patent is provided with the steam generator also equipped with an electric pump which, through a non- eturn valve, is capable of taking water from an outer tank so as to refill the
steam generator in a continuous manner and depending on the operating needs of the appliance.
Indeed, the steam generator generates steam which is supplied to the iron through a suitable duct. The essential feature of the device disclosed in the cited prior art patent is that the activation command of the electric pump for supplying of water to the steam generator, is subjected to the control of thermostatic means so as to provide the guarantee of a constant flow of steam to the appliance.
In particular, such thermostatic means consist of a temperature sensor which, depending on the temperature reached inside the steam generator, that is in the case in which the temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature, activate the electric pump feeding cold water into the generator itself.
In another embodiment, again illustrated in prior art patent EP 438112, the activation of the electric pump is subjected to a level sensor which is capable of monitoring the amount of non-evaporated water present inside the steam generator .
In a further embodiment, again illustrated in such a prior art patent EP 438112, the activation of the electric pump is subjected to a sensor capable of detecting the weight of the steam generator.
The known technical solution as described, considering anyone of its three embodiments, has the advantage of being able to deliver steam without limitation, since the tank can be continually refilled with water. Nevertheless, the known technical solution has some drawbacks such as the lack of precision in driving the electric pump for delivering water to the steam generator. Indeed, such an activation command, as already described, is given through the temperature sensor which is made up of a temperature transducer connected to a thermostat, i.e. there is the combination of two resistive elements. By doing so, the response of the thermostat, as well as being influenced by material inertia and imprecision due to the manufacturing process, also undergoes inertias and imprecision due to the transducer. All this involves detection of the temperature inside the generator having a degree of precision such as not to satisfy the requirements of a satisfactory operation. A further drawback lies in the size and weight of the steam generator.
Indeed, in order to make possible to detect the weight of the steam generator by means of the weight sensor, as illustrated in patent EP 438112, that is so that such a sensor is capable of detecting a lack of water inside the steam generator, the capacity of such an accumulation steam
generator must be raised in the order of a few litres. This has a negative influence upon an easy and useful transportation of the steam generator.
As a further drawback it should be noted that the quality, that is the water-vapour ratio produced and the steam pressure are insufficient to obtain best results in the ironing operation.
Also known is an apparatus consisting of a tank for water to which an electric pump is connected, such a pump being capable of delivering water to an instantaneous steam generator. The steam generator is of the continuous type without accumulation and has as main drawback the delayed delivery of steam once the appliance has requested it. Such an apparatus also has as a further drawback the poor quality of the steam both in terms of pressure and in terms of temperature .
In view of the described state of the art, the purpose of the present invention is to realise an equipment for steam generation for household appliances capable of overcoming the drawbacks of the prior art.
Another purpose of the present invention is to realise a steam generator which is separate from the appliance capable of delivering large amount of steam with remarkable pressure . In accordance with the present invention, such a purpose is
achieved through an equipment for steam generation to be used in combination with appliances as claimed in claim 1. Thanks to the present invention it is possible to realise an equipment for steam generation capable of delivering high quality steam for a plurality of appliances, such as steam irons, steam floor cleaners and the like. Moreover, thanks to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a compact, light and easily transportable steam generator. Finally, it is possible to realise an equipment for steam generation without degradation in performance and which saves energy.
The characteristics and advantages of the present invention shall become clear from the following detailed description of a practical embodiment thereof, illustrated as a non- limiting example in the attached drawings, in which: figure 1 shows a schematic view of the equipment in accordance with the present invention; figure 2 shows a circuit diagram of the equipment shown in figure 1.
With reference to the attached figures 1 and 2 the equipment constituted of at least one water tank 2, of at least one steam generator 3 and of a general household appliance 4, which could be, for example, an iron 4a, a floor cleaner 4b," a coffee machine 4c or a scrubbing brush
4d, is wholly indicated with 1.
The tank 2 , which is distinct and separate from the steam generator 3 and from the household appliance 4, can be refilled, when needed, through a loading cap or opening 5 simple unscrewing operation or else can be refilled through a piping 6 connected, for example, to the water mains. The tank 2 is connected to the steam generator 3 through a first water duct 7, which works as a channel for loading the water, upon which a supply pump 8 and a three-way non- return valve 9 are interposed.
In particular, from the three-way non-return valve 9 departs a second water duct 10, the purpose of which shall be described hereafter, terminating in the tank 2, so as to place the three-way non-return valve 9 in fluid connection with the tank 2.
In particular, the three-way non-return valve 9 has a working pressure which allows the pressure inside the steam generator to be held constant .
The steam generator 3 consists of a casing or shell 11, incorporating at least one heating element 12 and at least one accumulation vaporiser 13. The casing 11 is connected to the appliance 4 through a third water duct 14. The heater element 12 and the accumulation vaporiser 13 are embedded in a highly thermally conductive material 25, whereas the casing 11 is coated with an insulating material
26 .
The heater element 12 is, for example, made up of a stainless steel-clad resistance of 1 Kwatt output power, having a coil shape, supplied by the electric mains at 220V - 230V and frequency of 50 Hz - 60 Hz.
In particular the heating element 12 is arranged as close as possible to the accumulation vaporiser 13, but not in direct contact, so as to avoid any heat dispersion and, advantageously, to obtain a substantial energy saving. As can be pointed out from the circuit diagram shown in figure 2 and from the perspective view of figure 1, connected in series to the heating element 12 there are thermostatic means preferably made up of a thermostat 16 and of a thermal fuse 17. The thermostat 16 is, for example, a bulb thermostat or even a bimetal with a maximum calibration temperature, for example of T = 160 °C, so that in the case in which such a temperature is exceeded, the activation of the thermostat 16 takes place "" directly on the heating element 12 , interrupting its operation
The thermal fuse 17 stops the heating element in the case in which there are anomalous temperature increases inside the accumulation vaporiser 13, i.e. in the case in which the thermostat 16. is failing to operate. The accumulation vaporiser 13 is preferably made up of a
substantially spiral shaped steam chamber 18. In such a steam chamber 18 there is a limited accumulation of water, equal to a few decilitres, which are instantly transformed into steam, so as to advantageously guarantee rapid responses each time steam is required to be delivered.
The third water duct 14, which works as a steam outlet channel, is connected, as already described, to the appliance 4, upon which an electrovalve 19 and pressure switch means 20 are interposed.
In particular the electrovalve 19 is activated through the line 19a, by an electric button (not shown in the figures) which is a part of the appliance 4 , whereas the pressure switch means 20 drive, through the line 20a, the opening and/or closing of the supply pump 8.
The electrovalve 19 is preferably positioned outside of the casing 11 and allows, through its actuation, a regulation of the flow of steam required. The pressure switch means 20 consist of a pressure switch 20 having, for example, a working pressure within a range between 2 Bar . 3 Bar.
In other words, the pressure switch means 20 have an operating range of between a maximum pressure Pmax, equal to 3 Bar, and a minimum pressure Pmin, equal to about 2 Bar. Such minimum and maximum pressure values represent
threshold points which, when reached, make the pressure switch means 20 to activate and/or deactivate the supply pump 8.
Now referring to figure 2, in which the circuit diagram of the equipment 1 is illustrated and for which identical numbering is given to elements already described, it should be noted the interposition of a general switch 21 with the relative on-light 22. In particular, the general switch 21 allows the connection between mains and equipment 1 whereas the on-light 22 indicates that the general switch 21 has been successfully switched off.
In such a circuit diagram, moreover, there is a further light 23, which the status on indicates that a heating and vaporisation step of the water contained in the steam chamber 18 is in progress.
Moreover, it should be observed that in the case in which there is a malfunction of the thermostat 16 resulting in the thermal fuse 17 activation, the light 23 shall remain off indicating to the user that the equipment 1 is not operating.
The way of operating the equipment 1, described above structurally, shall now be explained.
At the moment in which a user sets on the general switch 21, the resistance 12 is electrically supplied so as to lead the accumulation vaporiser 13 to the temperature set
by the thermostat 16, i.e. T = 160 °C, in the shortest time space taking, for example, a few minutes.
As already described, the resistance 12 is first driven by the thermostat 16 and, in the case of malfunction, by the thermal fuse 17. Therefore, when the threshold of the maximum calibration temperature (T = 160 °C) is exceeded, the electrical supply to the resistance 12 is interrupted. At the same time, the pressure switch 20 allows the supply pump 8 to intake an amount of water from the tank 2 and to supply it to the accumulation vaporiser 13 until the maximum pressure Pmax, equal to about 3 Bar, is reached. As soon as the water feeds into the accumulation vaporiser 13 its phase transformation into saturated steam takes place thanks to the heating due to the resistance 12. Once the aforementioned maximum pressure Pmax is reached, the pressure switch 20 drives the switching off of the supply pump 8 whereas in the accumulation vaporiser 13 the transformation into steam of the water held, continues to take place until the maximum temperature allowed inside the vaporiser 13, i.e. T = 160 °C, is reached.
The steam into the vaporiser 13 obviously cannot come out of the duct 14 since there is the electrovalve 19 to stop it.
During this initial heating step, the pressure excess which produces inside the vaporiser 13, due to the continuous
heating caused by the resistance 12, although it is not electrically supplied (the resistance 12 continues to heat the vaporiser 13 even if it is not electrically supplied for a certain period of time, due to the heat inertia of the material making up the resistance itself) , instead of being wasted into the air or into the surrounding environment, advantageously, is conveyed through the three- way non-return valve 9 into the second water duct 10 and from here into the tank 2 where it preheats the water contained in it.
From that which is described above one can appreciate that through the steam generator according to the invention the following advantages are gained: a) one is capable to hold a pressure value inside the accumulation vaporiser as constant as possible recovering the excess steam produced; b) one is capable to raise the temperature of the water stored in the tank 2 thanks to the feeding into the tank 2 of the excess hot steam formed in the vaporiser 13. This guarantees a shorter time for transforming the water fed into the vaporiser 13 itself from liquid phase into steam phase (by the resistance 12) . Consequently, the resistance 12 dissipates less electrical energy, with the obvious economic and environmental advantages . Once the heating step has ended, i.e. once the working
pressure inside the steam generator 13 is reached, the pressure switch 20 can activate even in the case in which the pressure inside the vaporiser falls below the pressure value Pmin. Indeed, such in a circumstance, the pressure switch 20 orders the supply pump 8 to feed another amount of water into the vaporiser 13, so as to reestablish the pressure within the range of pressures Pmin and Pmaχ. Each time the user pushes the button (not shown in the figures) forming part of the appliance 4, the opening of the electrovalve 19 is driven.
Since the steam is ready and accumulated inside the vaporiser 13, it is immediately delivered towards the appliance 4 which has requested it. Also during the working time, the pressure switch 20 is capable of detecting the fall in pressure inside the vaporiser 13 and consequently is capable of activating the supply pump 8, thus allowing a continuous flow of steam to the appliance 4 asking for it. * * * * *