WO2003090527A1 - Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and similar devices - Google Patents

Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and similar devices Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003090527A1
WO2003090527A1 PCT/ES2003/000175 ES0300175W WO03090527A1 WO 2003090527 A1 WO2003090527 A1 WO 2003090527A1 ES 0300175 W ES0300175 W ES 0300175W WO 03090527 A1 WO03090527 A1 WO 03090527A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
deflector
cone
agricultural
fumigators
flat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2003/000175
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joan Carles ESTORACHI GÓMEZ
Original Assignee
Ilemo-Hardi, S.A.
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Publication date
Application filed by Ilemo-Hardi, S.A. filed Critical Ilemo-Hardi, S.A.
Priority to AU2003224167A priority Critical patent/AU2003224167A1/en
Publication of WO2003090527A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003090527A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
    • A01M7/0014—Field atomisers, e.g. orchard atomisers, self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a baffle cone for agricultural spraying devices and the like, providing sensitive features of novelty and inventive activity.
  • baffles also called “baffle cones”
  • spraying devices of phytosanitary products and the like also called “fumigation” devices
  • flumigation devices for projecting phytosanitary or other products in the form of fine mist of liquid droplets that carry phytosanitary products in suspension and / or solution, adopting an appearance similar to a fog or "smoke”.
  • the equipment used for spraying or spraying by means of phytosanitary products comprises a fan for the drive of the entrained air and a pump for the liquid product carrying the phytosanitary products, constituting an assembly that is usually driven by a power take-off of an agricultural tractor, forming a mass of fine droplets that is carried by the passage of liquid under pressure through nozzles, so that the air velocity at the exit of the apparatus Spraying should be sufficient so that the fine drops of liquid can be dragged to the desired points of the tree mass.
  • the air flow of the fan is deflected at 90 °, so that the axial current of the projection fan is transformed into a radial current distributed along a sector of circle of variable amplitude, for example, about 270 °. Therefore, this type of apparatus is faced with a sensitive technical problem by having to divert the air flow by 90 °, distributing it according to the circle sector mentioned, which causes aerodynamic performance problems with the consequent waste of drive power.
  • the outlet opening thereof narrows substantially, which again tends to decrease the performance of the assembly.
  • volumetric yields (considered as the ratio between the really generated flow and the theoretical flow of the fan), which reach values below 40%, are experienced in practice.
  • the present invention is precisely intended to achieve a better performance in the spray devices for projection of phytosanitary products or "fumigators" currently known achieving a better volumetric performance in the whole of the spraying apparatus and also, improving the selective addressing of the air outlet currents to improve the distribution of the Phytosanitary product or similar in the tree mass to be treated.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show both perspective and front elevation views of a spray baffle cone with a design corresponding to the state of the art.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows the distribution of the projection jets of a spray apparatus according to the state of the art.
  • Figure 4 shows a view similar to Figure 3 in which the spray effect achieved by the present invention is observed in comparison with that achieved with the prior art.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show paths in front elevation and in section of a deflector according to the invention.
  • FIGS 7 and 8 are details in section by the indicated cutting planes.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show respectively perspective and front elevation views of a baffle incorporating the present invention.
  • Figure 11 shows a perspective view of a spraying apparatus for phytosanitary products to which the present invention is applied.
  • Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a baffle for spray apparatus according to the invention.
  • a spray apparatus of the type known in the state of the art is constituted as seen in Figure 11, observing the main body -1- carrier of a fan -2- with its external protective grid -3- and an internal baffle cone -4- constituting an interstitium between said deflector cone -4- and the wall -5- of the enclosure body through which the drag air and droplets of the phytosanitary product are projected, being arranged in said interstitium a separator assembly formed by multiple elements intermediate laminar -6- of the type corresponding to the Utility Model n g 9201618 of the applicant.
  • the distribution of the output air currents implies a high flow rate in the lower areas of the total projection sector, that is, in the areas indicated with the numerals -24- and -25-.
  • a spraying apparatus -13- of which two circle sectors representative of the projection of the phytosanitary product are projected laterally said cones having been represented respectively by the radii -14-, -14'- and -15-, -15'- showing the limitation of both distribution cones with respect to two trees -16- and -17-.
  • the approximate maximum diameter of each of the trees -16- and -17- has been shown in about 4 meters and the separation between the axes thereof in about 6 meters, the height of about 4 being appreciated ,5 meters.
  • Scales representing the values of the velocities in meters / second and in% of treatment respectively referred to the air outlet velocities in the deflector and the% of treatment according to the height of the trees under consideration have been represented in orderly paths.
  • the exit velocity of the drag air jets is maximum in the lower areas indicated above, that is, close to the radii -14- and -15- used in said figure to show the lower end of the air flow distribution sectors. This obviously translates into a waste of spray energy and product projected phytosanitary.
  • the inventors have carried out different experiments aimed at suppressing the turbulent zones indicated above -22- and -23- and reducing the output velocity in zones -24- and -25- concentrating the projected beam and, by therefore, the spray energy in the highest areas of the plant, thus taking advantage of the spray energy and the projected product.
  • a deflector -26- carried out in accordance with the present invention which has a central frustoconical body -27-, the provision of a transition surface between the lower guide fin -28- and: the surface of the cone trunk -27-, the peripheral flat area -29- of the deflector and the flat bottom -34-, whose transition surface saves the concavity practically at a previously existing right angle, instead forming a complex surface of Transition -30- of smoothly concave structure according to any of the cutting planes perpendicular to the plane of the peripheral area -29- of the deflector.
  • said surface -30- extends over the substantially flat bottom flange -34- of the deflector along the gently curved line -35-, substantially reducing the free width of said flange -34- with respect to conventional designs.
  • Said transition surface links with the lower flat flap of the deflector according to a smooth and concave edge with the outwardly directed concavity extending to most of the surface of said flat fin.
  • the deflector cone of the invention has been shown in more detail in Figure 12, it being observed that it comprises a large wall or peripheral flat area -7- and a centrally substantially conical central surface -8- irregularly by the arrangement of a substantially sensitive area lower plane -9- thus limiting the development of the effective lateral surface of the cone trunk -8- to a circle sector smaller than 360 °, for example about 270 °.
  • Multiple fixed or mobile vanes, such as -10-, -10'-, -10 "-..., forming two symmetrical zones can be arranged on the conical body -8- and on the flat wall or peripheral part -7-.
  • vanes extend according to a geometric shape adapted to the conditioned air stream lines, by the distribution of the air outside the fumigation apparatus, to points comprised within the flat peripheral wall of the deflector without protruding from the perimeter thereof.
  • the vanes integrated in the deflector cone extend radially to points comprised within the flat peripheral wall of the deflector without protruding from the perimeter thereof.
  • vanes associated with the deflector are adjustable at an angle to change the characteristics of the distribution of the air to different crops and geometries of the trees to be treated- Tai as seen in the figures, a preferred solution provided by the present improvements will consist of arranging the straight crest or surface -28- flush with the edge of the lower flange noticeably flat -34-,

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and similar devices. The inventive cone is characterised in that it comprises a gently concave transitional surface which joins the ridge of the guide vane to an intermediate area of the truncated cone-shaped body and the flat peripheral collar or surface of the deflector, without any noticeable edges, and which joins to the lower flat flange of the deflector along a gentle, concave edge with the concavity directed towards the exterior, extending to most of the surface of the aforementioned flat flange.

Description

CONO DEFLECTOR PARA FITMTGADOR S AGRÍCOLAS V STMTT.APE.q DEFLECTOR CONE FOR FITMTGADOR S AGRÍCOLAS V STMTT.APE.q
La presente invención se refiere a un cono deflector para dispositivos de fumigación de aplicación agrícola y similares, aportando sensibles características de novedad y de actividad inventiva.The present invention relates to a baffle cone for agricultural spraying devices and the like, providing sensitive features of novelty and inventive activity.
La presente invención se aplicará a los deflectores, llamados también "conos deflectores" , utilizados en dispositivos de pulverización de productos fitosanitarios y similares, llamados también dispositivos de "fumigación", por efectuar la proyección de los productos fitosanitarios o de otro tipo en forma de fina niebla de gotitas de líquido que llevan en suspensión y/o solución los productos fitosanitarios, adoptando un aspecto similar a una niebla o "humo" .The present invention will be applied to baffles, also called "baffle cones", used in spraying devices of phytosanitary products and the like, also called "fumigation" devices, for projecting phytosanitary or other products in the form of fine mist of liquid droplets that carry phytosanitary products in suspension and / or solution, adopting an appearance similar to a fog or "smoke".
La necesidad de proceder a la distribución de los productos fitosanitarios en el campo por pulverización neumática se justifica por la densidad foliar de los árboles, la altura de éstos y en algunos casos por la localización de ciertas plagas y enfermedades en el árbol, por lo que la pulverización neumática es un sistema eficaz para conseguir una distribución satisfactoria del producto fitosanitario en la masa foliar del árbol.The need to proceed with the distribution of phytosanitary products in the field by pneumatic spraying is justified by the foliar density of the trees, the height of the trees and in some cases by the location of certain pests and diseases in the tree, so Pneumatic spraying is an effective system to achieve a satisfactory distribution of the phytosanitary product in the leaf mass of the tree.
De modo convencional, los equipos utilizados para la pulverización o fumigación mediante productos fitosanitarios comprenden un ventilador para la impulsión del aire de arrastre y una bomba para el producto líquido portador de los productos fitosanitarios, constituyendo un conjunto que es accionado habitualmente mediante una toma de fuerza de un tractor agrícola, formándose una masa de finas gotitas que es arrastrada por el paso de líquido a presión a través de unas boquillas, de manera que la velocidad del aire a la salida del aparato fumigador debe ser suficiente para que se puedan arrastrar la finas gotas de líquido hasta los puntos deseados de la masa arbórea.Conventionally, the equipment used for spraying or spraying by means of phytosanitary products comprises a fan for the drive of the entrained air and a pump for the liquid product carrying the phytosanitary products, constituting an assembly that is usually driven by a power take-off of an agricultural tractor, forming a mass of fine droplets that is carried by the passage of liquid under pressure through nozzles, so that the air velocity at the exit of the apparatus Spraying should be sufficient so that the fine drops of liquid can be dragged to the desired points of the tree mass.
Con la finalidad de dirigir la pulverización hacia la masa foliar de los árboles, el flujo de aire del ventilador es desviado a 90°, de manera que la corriente axial del ventilador de proyección se transforma en una corriente radial repartida a lo largo de un sector de círculo de amplitud variable, por ejemplo, unos 270°. Por lo tanto, este tipo de aparatos se encuentran con un sensible problema técnico al tener que desviar la corriente de aire en 90°, distribuyéndola según el sector de círculo que se ha mencionado, lo cual origina problemas de rendimiento aerodinámico con el consiguiente desperdicio de la potencia de impulsión. Además, para que se pueda conseguir un aumento de la velocidad de salida del aire que arrastra las gotitas de líquido, la abertura de salida del mismo se estrecha sensiblemente, lo que nuevamente tiende a disminuir el rendimiento del conjunto .In order to direct the spray towards the foliar mass of the trees, the air flow of the fan is deflected at 90 °, so that the axial current of the projection fan is transformed into a radial current distributed along a sector of circle of variable amplitude, for example, about 270 °. Therefore, this type of apparatus is faced with a sensitive technical problem by having to divert the air flow by 90 °, distributing it according to the circle sector mentioned, which causes aerodynamic performance problems with the consequent waste of drive power. In addition, so that an increase in the exit velocity of the air that carries the liquid droplets can be achieved, the outlet opening thereof narrows substantially, which again tends to decrease the performance of the assembly.
Por las razones anteriores se experimentan en la práctica rendimientos volumétricos (considerados como la relación entre el caudal realmente generado y el caudal teórico del ventilador) , que llegan a valores inferiores al 40%.For the above reasons, volumetric yields (considered as the ratio between the really generated flow and the theoretical flow of the fan), which reach values below 40%, are experienced in practice.
La presente invención va precisamente destinada a conseguir un mayor rendimiento en los aparatos pulverizadores para proyección de productos fitosanitarios o "fumigadores" actualmente conocidos logrando un mejor rendimiento volumétrico en el conjunto del aparato pulverizador y además, mejorando el direccionado selectivo de las corrientes de salida de aire para mejorar la distribución del producto fitosanitario o similar en la masa arbórea que se desea tratar.The present invention is precisely intended to achieve a better performance in the spray devices for projection of phytosanitary products or "fumigators" currently known achieving a better volumetric performance in the whole of the spraying apparatus and also, improving the selective addressing of the air outlet currents to improve the distribution of the Phytosanitary product or similar in the tree mass to be treated.
Para su mejor comprensión se adjuntan, a título de ejemplo explicativo pero no limitativo, unos dibujos explicativos del cono deflector objeto de la presente invención.For your better understanding, explanatory drawings of the deflector cone object of the present invention are attached by way of explanatory but not limitative example.
Las figuras 1 y 2 muestran sendas vistas en perspectiva y en alzado frontal de un cono deflector de pulverización con un diseño correspondiente al estado de la técnica.Figures 1 and 2 show both perspective and front elevation views of a spray baffle cone with a design corresponding to the state of the art.
La figura 3 muestra esquemáticamente la distribución de los chorros de proyección de un aparato pulverizador según el estado de la técnica.Figure 3 schematically shows the distribution of the projection jets of a spray apparatus according to the state of the art.
La figura 4 muestra una vista similar a la figura 3 en la que se observa el efecto de pulverización conseguido mediante la presente invención en comparación con el conseguido con el estado de la técnica.Figure 4 shows a view similar to Figure 3 in which the spray effect achieved by the present invention is observed in comparison with that achieved with the prior art.
Las figuras 5 y 6 muestran sendas vistas en alzado frontal y en sección de un deflector según la invención.Figures 5 and 6 show paths in front elevation and in section of a deflector according to the invention.
Las figuras 7 y 8 son sendos detalles en sección por los planos de corte indicados.Figures 7 and 8 are details in section by the indicated cutting planes.
Las figuras 9 y 10 muestran respectivamente sendas vistas en perspectiva y en alzado frontal de un deflector que incorpora la presente invención.Figures 9 and 10 show respectively perspective and front elevation views of a baffle incorporating the present invention.
La figura 11 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un aparato pulverizador de productos fitosanitarios al que se aplica la presente invención.Figure 11 shows a perspective view of a spraying apparatus for phytosanitary products to which the present invention is applied.
La figura 12 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un deflector para aparato de pulverización según la invención.Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a baffle for spray apparatus according to the invention.
Un aparato pulverizador del tipo conocido en el estado de la técnica queda constituido tal como se aprecia en la figura 11 , observándose el cuerpo principal -1- portador de un ventilador -2- con su rejilla protectora externa -3- y un cono deflector interno -4- constituyéndose un intersticio entre dicho cono deflector -4- y la valona -5- del cuerpo envolvente por el cual se proyectan el aire de arrastre y las gotitas del producto fitosanitario, quedando dispuesto en dicho intersticio un conjunto separador formado por múltiples elementos laminares intermedios -6- del tipo que corresponden al Modelo de Utilidad ng 9201618 de la propia solicitante.A spray apparatus of the type known in the state of the art is constituted as seen in Figure 11, observing the main body -1- carrier of a fan -2- with its external protective grid -3- and an internal baffle cone -4- constituting an interstitium between said deflector cone -4- and the wall -5- of the enclosure body through which the drag air and droplets of the phytosanitary product are projected, being arranged in said interstitium a separator assembly formed by multiple elements intermediate laminar -6- of the type corresponding to the Utility Model n g 9201618 of the applicant.
En un deflector convencional, tal como se ha representado en las figuras 1 y 2, en las que se observa la paleta directriz inferior -18-, se forma una zona sensiblemente en ángulo recto entre los flancos laterales de la paleta directriz -18-, que se han representado con los numerales -19- y -19'- y la zona periférica plana del deflector, que se ha representado con el numeral -20-. El resultado de ello es la formación de corrientes locales incontroladas indicadas, por ejemplo, por los vectores -21-, que dan lugar a la formación de turbulencias locales, tales como las representadas por los vectores -22- y -23- en la figura 2. El resultado de ello es una notable pérdida de rendimiento del deflector, tal como se ha indicado anteriormente. Por otra parte, la distribución de las corrientes de aire de salida comporta un elevado caudal en las zonas inferiores del sector total de proyección, es decir, en las zonas que se han indicado con los numerales -24- y -25-. Ello es de ver asimismo en la representación esquemática de la figura 3, en la que se aprecia un aparato pulverizador -13- del que se proyectan lateralmente sendos sectores de círculo representativos de la proyección del producto fitosanitario, habiéndose representado dichos conos respectivamente por los radios -14-, -14'- y -15-, -15'- que muestran la limitación de ambos conos de distribución con respecto a sendos árboles -16- y -17-. Para mejor comprensión del ejemplo real se ha mostrado el diámetro máximo aproximado de cada uno de los árboles -16- y -17- en unos 4 metros y la separación entre los ejes de los mismos en unos 6 metros, apreciándose la altura de unos 4,5 metros. Se han representado en ordenadas sendas escalas representativas de los valores de las velocidades en metros/segundo y en % de tratamiento referidos respectivamente a las velocidades de salida del aire en el deflector y al % de tratamiento según la altura de los árboles en consideración. En dicha figura 3 se observa que la velocidad de salida de los chorros de aire de arrastre es máxima en las zonas inferiores antes indicadas, es decir, próximas a los radios -14- y -15- utilizados en dicha figura para mostrar el extremo inferior de los sectores de distribución de las corrientes de aire. Ello se traduce evidentemente, en un desperdicio de energía de pulverización y de producto fitosanitario proyectado.In a conventional deflector, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, in which the lower guide vane -18- is observed, a zone is formed substantially at right angles between the lateral flanks of the guide vane -18-, which have been represented with the numerals -19- and -19'- and the flat peripheral zone of the deflector, which has been represented with the numeral -20-. The result of this is the formation of uncontrolled local currents indicated, for example, by vectors -21-, which give rise to the formation of local turbulence, such as those represented by vectors -22- and -23- in the figure 2. The result of this is a notable loss of deflector performance, as indicated above. On the other hand, the distribution of the output air currents implies a high flow rate in the lower areas of the total projection sector, that is, in the areas indicated with the numerals -24- and -25-. This is also to be seen in the schematic representation of Figure 3, in which a spraying apparatus -13- of which two circle sectors representative of the projection of the phytosanitary product are projected laterally, said cones having been represented respectively by the radii -14-, -14'- and -15-, -15'- showing the limitation of both distribution cones with respect to two trees -16- and -17-. For a better understanding of the real example, the approximate maximum diameter of each of the trees -16- and -17- has been shown in about 4 meters and the separation between the axes thereof in about 6 meters, the height of about 4 being appreciated ,5 meters. Scales representing the values of the velocities in meters / second and in% of treatment respectively referred to the air outlet velocities in the deflector and the% of treatment according to the height of the trees under consideration have been represented in orderly paths. In said figure 3 it is observed that the exit velocity of the drag air jets is maximum in the lower areas indicated above, that is, close to the radii -14- and -15- used in said figure to show the lower end of the air flow distribution sectors. This obviously translates into a waste of spray energy and product projected phytosanitary.
Para obviar los problemas mencionados, los inventores han realizado diferentes experimentos destinados a suprimir las zonas turbulentas antes indicadas -22- y -23- y reducir la velocidad de salida en las zonas -24- y -25- concentrando el haz proyectado y, por lo tanto, la energía de pulverización en las zonas más altas de la planta, aprovechando por lo tanto la energía de pulverización y el producto proyectado.To obviate the aforementioned problems, the inventors have carried out different experiments aimed at suppressing the turbulent zones indicated above -22- and -23- and reducing the output velocity in zones -24- and -25- concentrating the projected beam and, by therefore, the spray energy in the highest areas of the plant, thus taking advantage of the spray energy and the projected product.
Para conseguir dicho objetivo, en un deflector -26- realizado de acuerdo con la presente invención, que presenta un cuerpo troncocónico central -27-, se ha recurrido a la disposición de una superficie de transición entre la aleta directriz inferior -28- y: la superficie del tronco de cono -27-, la zona plana -29- periférica del deflector y la parte inferior plana -34-, cuya superficie de transición salva la concavidad prácticamente en ángulo recto anteriormente existente, formando en su lugar una superficie compleja de transición -30- de estructura suavemente cóncava según cualquiera de los planos de corte perpendiculares al plano de la zona periférica -29- del deflector. Así se ha representado, por ejemplo, en las secciones de las figuras 6, 7 y 8, observándose que dichas secciones dan lugar a curvas exteriores tales como -31-, -32- y -33- por los respectivos planos de corte. La superficie -30- se origina en el borde recto superior -28- de la paleta directriz, uniéndose a la zona troncocónica -27- de modo suave en una línea que idealmente se ha mostrado con el numeral -32-, si bien se debe tener en cuenta que dada la suavidad de la unión no existe arista perceptible en dicha línea, que es solamente representativa, extendiéndose a un ángulo variable, por ejemplo, 90° con respecto al plano de simetría -33- del deflector. De igual forma se une dicha superficie de transición con la superficie o valona periférica plana. Por su borde inferior, dicha superficie -30- se extiende sobre la pestaña inferior sensiblemente plana -34- del deflector según la línea suavemente curvada -35-, reduciendo sensiblemente la anchura libre de dicha pestaña -34- con respecto a los diseños convencionales. Dicha superficie de transición enlaza con la aleta plana inferior del deflector según una arista suave y cóncava con la concavidad dirigida hacia el exterior que se extiende a la mayor parte de la superficie de dicha aleta plana.To achieve said objective, in a deflector -26- carried out in accordance with the present invention, which has a central frustoconical body -27-, the provision of a transition surface between the lower guide fin -28- and: the surface of the cone trunk -27-, the peripheral flat area -29- of the deflector and the flat bottom -34-, whose transition surface saves the concavity practically at a previously existing right angle, instead forming a complex surface of Transition -30- of smoothly concave structure according to any of the cutting planes perpendicular to the plane of the peripheral area -29- of the deflector. This has been represented, for example, in the sections of Figures 6, 7 and 8, it being observed that said sections give rise to external curves such as -31-, -32- and -33- by the respective cutting planes. The surface -30- originates at the upper straight edge -28- of the guide vane, joining the conical area -27- smoothly in a line that has ideally been shown with the numeral -32-, although it should be take into account that given the smoothness of the union there is no noticeable edge in said line, which is only representative, extending at a variable angle, for example, 90 ° with respect to the plane of symmetry -33- of the deflector. In the same way, said transition surface joins the flat peripheral surface or wall. By its lower edge, said surface -30- extends over the substantially flat bottom flange -34- of the deflector along the gently curved line -35-, substantially reducing the free width of said flange -34- with respect to conventional designs. Said transition surface links with the lower flat flap of the deflector according to a smooth and concave edge with the outwardly directed concavity extending to most of the surface of said flat fin.
Mediante esta disposición de elementos, se consigue regularizar las corrientes de aire salientes en la parte inferior del deflector indicadas para uno de los lados con el numeral -36- tienen un flujo prácticamente laminar, es decir, mediante filetes de corriente prácticamente paralelos entre sí evitando toda clase de turbulencias, tal como se ha representado en la figura 5. Además, se estrecha selectivamente la parte inferior correspondiente a las mencionadas corrientes, en el ángulo determinado entre la paleta directriz -28- y la zona de transición -32- a la superficie troncocónica -27-, determinando una distribución mucho más favorable de la corriente de aire de salida y, por lo tanto, del producto fitosanitario. Ello se puede observar en el diagrama de la figura 4, en el que se observa la distribución de las corrientes portadoras de las gotitas de material fitosanitario desde un aparato pulverizador central -37- según una distribución en la que se aprecia la disminución de la zona cubierta por el chorro de tipo convencional indicado, por ejemplo, mediante el radio -38- y el arco de círculo -39-, de manera que se dispone de una velocidad mucho más elevada en la parte superior con respecto a una distribución convencional tal como la representada en la figura 3, dando lugar a un sensible aumento de la superficie útil cubierta por el chorro, que se ha representado con el rayado indicado -S1 - en la figura 4 y suprimiendo la zona inferior -S2-, que es la que corresponde a la distribución convencional en la parte no efectiva de la pulverización. Tal como es de ver en la propia figura, también se produce un sensible aumento del tratamiento en la parte superior del árbol, lo cual es visible por el porcentaje de tratamiento indicado a la izquierda de la figura.By means of this arrangement of elements, it is possible to regulate the outgoing air currents in the lower part of the deflector indicated for one of the sides with the numeral -36- they have a practically laminar flow, that is, by means of current fillets practically parallel to each other avoiding all kinds of turbulence, as shown in Figure 5. In addition, the lower part corresponding to the said currents is selectively narrowed, at the angle determined between the guide vane -28- and the transition zone -32- to the truncated conical surface -27-, determining a much more favorable distribution of the output air stream and, therefore, of the phytosanitary product. This can be seen in the diagram of Figure 4, which shows the distribution of the carrier currents of the droplets of phytosanitary material from a spraying apparatus central -37- according to a distribution in which the decrease of the area covered by the conventional type jet indicated, for example, by means of the radius -38- and the circle arc -39-, is appreciated, so that a much higher speed in the upper part with respect to a conventional distribution such as that shown in figure 3, resulting in a significant increase in the useful surface covered by the jet, which has been represented with the indicated scratch -S1 - in Figure 4 and suppressing the lower zone -S2-, which corresponds to the conventional distribution in the ineffective part of the spray. As can be seen in the figure itself, there is also a significant increase in the treatment at the top of the tree, which is visible by the percentage of treatment indicated to the left of the figure.
El cono deflector de la invención se ha mostrado de manera más detallada en la figura 12, observándose que comprende una amplia valona o zona plana periférica -7- y una superficie central sensiblemente troncocónica -8- de forma irregular por la disposición de una zona sensiblemente plana inferior -9- que limita por lo tanto el desarrollo de la superficie lateral efectiva del tronco de cono -8- a un sector de círculo menor de 360°, por ejemplo de unos 270°. Sobre el cuerpo cónico -8- y sobre la valona o parte periférica plana -7- pueden quedar dispuestas múltiples paletas fijas o móviles, tales como -10-, -10'-, -10"-..., formando dos zonas simétricas con respecto a un plano medio determinado en la parte superior por una paleta deflectora doble -11- y la paleta directriz inferior, recta y en disposición radial -12-. Dichas paletas se extienden según una forma geométrica adaptada a las líneas de corriente de aire condicionadas, por la distribución del aire en el exterior del aparato fumigador, hasta puntos comprendidos dentro de la valona periférica plana del deflector sin sobresalir del perímetro del mismo. De este modo se originan dos flujos de aire de pulverización, que se han representado en la figura 4, en la que se aprecia un aparato pulverizador -13- del que se proyectan lateralmente sendos sectores de círculo representativos de la proyección del producto fitosanitario, habiéndose representado dichos conos respectivamente por los radios -14-, -14'- y -15-, -15'- que muestran la limitación de ambos conos de distribución con respecto a sendos árboles -16- y -17-. Para mejor comprensión del ejemplo real se ha mostrado el diámetro máximo aproximado de cada uno de los árboles -16- y -17- en unos 4 metros y la separación entre los ejes de los mismos en unos 6 metros, apreciándose la altura de unos 4,5 metros. Se han representado en ordenadas sendas escalas representativas de los valores de las velocidades en metros/segundo y en % de tratamiento referidos respectivamente a las velocidades de salida del aire en el deflector y al % de tratamiento según la altura de los árboles en consideración .The deflector cone of the invention has been shown in more detail in Figure 12, it being observed that it comprises a large wall or peripheral flat area -7- and a centrally substantially conical central surface -8- irregularly by the arrangement of a substantially sensitive area lower plane -9- thus limiting the development of the effective lateral surface of the cone trunk -8- to a circle sector smaller than 360 °, for example about 270 °. Multiple fixed or mobile vanes, such as -10-, -10'-, -10 "-..., forming two symmetrical zones can be arranged on the conical body -8- and on the flat wall or peripheral part -7-. with respect to a medium plane determined at the top by a double baffle vane -11- and the lower guide vane, straight and in arrangement radial -12-. Said vanes extend according to a geometric shape adapted to the conditioned air stream lines, by the distribution of the air outside the fumigation apparatus, to points comprised within the flat peripheral wall of the deflector without protruding from the perimeter thereof. In this way, two streams of spray air originate, which have been represented in Figure 4, in which a spraying apparatus 13 can be seen from which two circle sectors representative of the projection of the phytosanitary product are projected laterally, having said cones represented respectively by the radii -14-, -14'- and -15-, -15'- which show the limitation of both distribution cones with respect to two -16- and -17- trees. For a better understanding of the real example, the approximate maximum diameter of each of the trees -16- and -17- has been shown in about 4 meters and the separation between the axes thereof in about 6 meters, the height of about 4 being appreciated ,5 meters. Scales representing the values of the velocities in meters / second and in% of treatment respectively referred to the air outlet velocities in the deflector and the% of treatment according to the height of the trees under consideration have been represented in orderly paths.
Las paletas integradas en el cono deflector se extienden radialmente hasta puntos comprendidos dentro de la valona periférica plana del deflector sin sobresalir del perímetro del mismo.The vanes integrated in the deflector cone extend radially to points comprised within the flat peripheral wall of the deflector without protruding from the perimeter thereof.
Las paletas asociadas al deflector son regulables en ángulo para cambiar las características de la distribución del aire a diferentes cultivos y geometrías de los árboles a tratar- Tai como se aprecia en las figuras, una solución preferente prevista por los presentes perfeccionamientos consistirá en disponer la cresta o superficie recta -28- enrasada con el borde de la pestaña inferior sensiblemente plana -34-, The vanes associated with the deflector are adjustable at an angle to change the characteristics of the distribution of the air to different crops and geometries of the trees to be treated- Tai as seen in the figures, a preferred solution provided by the present improvements will consist of arranging the straight crest or surface -28- flush with the edge of the lower flange noticeably flat -34-,

Claims

EEI_____Π__C__A_______ES EEI _____ Π__C__A _______ EN
1.- Cono deflector para fumigadores agrícolas y similares, que comprenden un cuerpo sensiblemente troncocónico central que enlaza con una amplia superficie o valona periférica plana, quedando limitado el desarrollo del cono por una aleta sensiblemente plana en la parte inferior del deflector, caracterizados por la constitución de una superficie de transición suavemente cóncava que enlaza la cresta de la paleta directriz con una zona intermedia del cuerpo troncocónico y con la superficie o valona periférica plana del deflector, sin aristas perceptibles y que enlaza con la aleta plana inferior del deflector según una arista suave y cóncava con la concavidad dirigida hacia el exterior que se extiende a la mayor parte de la superficie de dicha aleta plana.1.- Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and the like, comprising a substantially central frustoconical body that links with a wide surface or flat peripheral wall, the development of the cone being limited by a substantially flat fin at the bottom of the deflector, characterized by constitution of a smoothly concave transition surface that links the crest of the guide vane with an intermediate zone of the frustoconical body and with the flat peripheral surface or wall of the deflector, without noticeable edges and that links with the lower flat fin of the deflector according to an edge smooth and concave with the concavity directed outwardly extending to most of the surface of said flat fin.
2. - Cono deflector para fumigadores agrícolas y similares, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizados porque la zona de unión de la superficie de transición con la superficie del tronco de cono se encuentra sensiblemente a 90° con respecto a la paleta directriz.2. - Baffle cone for agricultural fumigators and the like, according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of connection of the transition surface with the surface of the cone trunk is substantially 90 ° with respect to the guide vane.
3.- Cono deflector para fumigadores agrícolas y similares, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizados porque la cresta recta de la paleta directriz se encuentra sensiblemente enrasada con el borde de la zona inferior plana del deflector.3. Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and the like according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight crest of the guide vane is substantially flush with the edge of the flat bottom zone of the deflector.
4.- Cono deflector para fumigadores agrícolas y similares, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizados porque la superficie de transición está dispuesta como estrangulamiento progresivo de la salida del aire desde el punto de enlace con el cono hasta el punto de enlace con la parte inferior plana del deflector-4. Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and the like according to claim 1, characterized in that the transition surface is arranged as a progressive throttling of the air outlet from the point of connection with the cone to the point of connection with the flat bottom of the baffle-
5.- Cono deflector para fumigadores agrícolas y similares, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender múltiples paletas que se extienden parcialmente al cuerpo central troncocónico y a la zona periférica plana así como una paleta directriz inferior en disposición radial.5. Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and the like, according to claim 1, characterized by comprising multiple vanes that partially extend to the central frustoconical body and the flat peripheral area as well as a lower guide vane in radial arrangement.
6. - Cono deflector para fumigadores agrícolas y similares, sgún la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las paletas integradas en el cono deflector se extienden según una forma geométrica adaptada a las líneas de corriente de aire condicionadas, por la distribución del aire en el exterior del aparato fumigador, hasta puntos comprendidos dentro de la valona periférica plana del deflector sin sobresalir del perímetro del mismo.6. - Baffle cone for agricultural fumigators and the like, according to claim 1, characterized in that the vanes integrated in the baffle cone extend according to a geometric shape adapted to the conditioned air stream lines, by the distribution of the air outside the spraying apparatus, up to points within the flat peripheral wall of the deflector without protruding from the perimeter thereof.
1 . - Cono deflector, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las paletas asociadas al deflector son regulables en ángulo para cambiar las características de la distribución del aire a diferentes cultivos y geometrías de los árboles a tratar. one . - Deflector cone, according to claim 1, characterized in that the vanes associated with the deflector are adjustable at an angle to change the characteristics of the air distribution to different crops and geometries of the trees to be treated.
PCT/ES2003/000175 2002-04-24 2003-04-16 Deflector cone for agricultural fumigators and similar devices WO2003090527A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20100112A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-26 Tifone Srl DISTRIBUTOR OF SUBSTANCES OF THE TYPE OF BIOCIDES, FERTILIZERS, ACTIVE AND EXCIPIENT PRINCIPLES
ITBO20100736A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-16 Tifone Srl VEHICLE FOR THE DIFFUSION OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOR PURPOSE OF PHYTOSANITARY FIGHTING, PARTICULARLY PESTICULTURAL TREATMENTS FOR ARBOREE CULTIVATIONS, INCLUDING ORCHARDS AND VINEYARDS AND OTHER CULTURES, DISINFECTION, DISINFESTATION, PEST-SUFFERING
RU2757495C1 (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-10-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ» (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Deflector spray

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US2620230A (en) * 1947-10-04 1952-12-02 Fmc Corp Insecticide spreading machine
GB713206A (en) * 1952-01-09 1954-08-04 Leonard Charles Pearch Improvements in machines for spraying insecticides and the like
ES306436A1 (en) * 1963-11-27 1965-05-16 Deere & Co Spraying machine
FR2668399A1 (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-04-30 Nicolas Pulverisateurs Spray device for treating vegetables, using a liquid sprayed into an air jet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1439177A (en) * 1918-03-11 1922-12-19 Gen Fire Extinguisher Co Sprinkler head
US2620230A (en) * 1947-10-04 1952-12-02 Fmc Corp Insecticide spreading machine
GB713206A (en) * 1952-01-09 1954-08-04 Leonard Charles Pearch Improvements in machines for spraying insecticides and the like
ES306436A1 (en) * 1963-11-27 1965-05-16 Deere & Co Spraying machine
FR2668399A1 (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-04-30 Nicolas Pulverisateurs Spray device for treating vegetables, using a liquid sprayed into an air jet

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20100112A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-26 Tifone Srl DISTRIBUTOR OF SUBSTANCES OF THE TYPE OF BIOCIDES, FERTILIZERS, ACTIVE AND EXCIPIENT PRINCIPLES
ITBO20100736A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-16 Tifone Srl VEHICLE FOR THE DIFFUSION OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOR PURPOSE OF PHYTOSANITARY FIGHTING, PARTICULARLY PESTICULTURAL TREATMENTS FOR ARBOREE CULTIVATIONS, INCLUDING ORCHARDS AND VINEYARDS AND OTHER CULTURES, DISINFECTION, DISINFESTATION, PEST-SUFFERING
RU2757495C1 (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-10-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ» (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Deflector spray

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