WO2003087577A1

WO2003087577A1 - Swash plate type compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2003087577A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/003620
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shigeki Kato; Tsuneo Yano
Original assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Unicla J
Priority date: 2002-04-18
Filing date: 2003-03-25
Publication date: 2003-10-23
Also published as: TW574473B; JP2003314441A; TW200305685A

Abstract

A swash plate type compressor (10), comprising a housing (12), a cylinder block (14) in the housing, a shaft (16) rotatably pivoted on the cylinder block, a plurality of cylinders (20) installed in the cylinder block and pistons (22) disposed in the cylinders, hollows (58, 60) provided in both the cylinder block and pistons to accept a swash plate (18) fixed to the shaft, a mixed gas inlet hole (30) provided in the housing, a mixed gas accepting space (32) communicating with the inlet hole, two chambers (38, 42), at least one opening (70) provided in the cylinder block and communicating with the accepting space (32) and the hollows (58, 60), and a plurality of passages (72) communicating with the hollows and the chambers (38, 42).

Description

0 Description-Swash plate compressor Technical field

The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor used for an air conditioning system for a vehicle. Background art

In a swash plate compressor, which is one of the compressors that performs compression work and is incorporated in an automotive air conditioning system, a shaft rotatably supported by a cylinder block in its housing receives the rotational power of the onboard engine. It is driven to rotate. The rotational movement of the shaft is translated into reciprocating movement of the piston around the shaft and in a plurality of cylinders parallel to the shaft. Along with this, a mixed gas of a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant and a lubricating oil is sucked into the cylinder alternately from both ends of each cylinder, compressed, and then discharged in a high-temperature high-pressure state.

The mixed gas reaches the cylinder from an introduction hole provided at an upper portion of the housing, through a passage provided at the top of the housing, and two champers provided at both ends of the housing. .

In the swash plate compressor, a cavity extending from the cylinder block to each piston is provided to convert the rotational motion of the shaft into the reciprocating motion of the piston, and a circular swash plate is received in the cavity. A swash plate fixed to the shaft and obliquely crossing the shaft is in contact with each piston via a bearing member disposed in the cavity. By the way, in the swash plate type compressor, when the operation is started, the mixed gas enters the cavity, and the lubricating oil component in the mixed gas performs a lubricating action between the swash plate and the bearing member. .

In fact, the amount of lubricating oil supplied between the swash plate and the bearing member is not sufficient, and therefore, the seizure between the swash plate and the bearing member is short after starting. Occasionally, operation of the swash plate compressor stopped.

For this reason, it has been conventionally proposed to add another supply route for lubricating oil components. Was. This supply route is composed of a screw hole provided in the shaft and opened at one end thereof, and a plurality of holes communicating with the screw hole and opening toward the thrust bearing of the shaft. No. 1) .

According to this, after the start of the swash plate compressor, the mixed gas flows into the screw hole opened at one end of the shaft, and while flowing through the screw hole, the lubricating oil component attached to the screw thread and turned into a liquid state is removed. Through the hole, it is guided and supplied between the swash plate and the bearing portion. However, even with this, the supply of lubricating oil was not sufficient, and seizure sometimes occurred. Disclosure of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a structure for introducing a larger amount of lubricating oil between a swash plate of a swash plate compressor and a bearing member thereof.

The present invention provides a housing, a cylinder block housed in the housing and extending in the axial direction of the housing, a shaft rotatably supported by the cylinder block and extending in the axial direction of the cylinder block, A plurality of cylinders spaced apart from each other around the shaft in the cylinder block and a piston disposed in each cylinder; and a swash plate fixed to the shaft and rotatable with the shaft. A cavity provided in both the cylinder block and each of the pistons; an introduction hole for the mixed gas of the refrigerant and the lubricating oil provided in the housing; and a communication hole provided in the housing for the introduction hole for the mixed gas. A space for receiving the mixed gas, and two chambers provided in the housing, A swash plate type compressor provided with two chambers for receiving the mixed gas supplied from both ends of the cylinder block, further comprising at least one opening provided in the cylinder block and communicating with the mixed gas receiving space and the cavity. And a plurality of passages provided in the cylinder dock and communicating with the cavity and each of the champers.

Preferably, the mixed gas passages are arranged between the shaft and the biston at intervals around the shaft.

According to the present invention, the operation of the swash plate type compressor is performed through the introduction hole of the housing. The mixed gas introduced into the receiving space therein is different from the conventional one, is led to the cavity receiving the swash plate through the opening provided in the cylinder block, and is provided in the cylinder block from the cavity. Via a passage, it is fed into two chambers located at both ends of the cylinder.

The mixed gas flows through the cavity, and further the expansion of the mixed gas accompanying the inflow into the cavity reduces the mutual coupling force between the refrigerant and the lubricating oil component in the mixed gas. A large amount of the lubricating oil component in the mixed gas adheres to the support bearing members of the swash plate in the cavity exposed to the shaft, and further to the lubrication of these bearing members. The mixed gas comes into contact with the peripheral surface of the shaft, and the lubricating oil component in the mixed gas adheres. The attached lubricating oil component forms an oil film between the seal member disposed around the shaft and the shaft in order to prevent leakage of the mixed gas from the champer, and improves the sealing property of the seal member. It acts to enhance.

When the position of the passage for guiding the mixed gas from the cavity to the chamber is set between the shaft and the piston, the mixed gas in a relatively low temperature state causes a high temperature due to the operation of the plate compressor. The piston and the cylinder block in the state can be cooled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a swash plate type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a swash plate type compressor mounted on an automobile is indicated generally by reference numeral 10.

The swash plate compressor 10 includes a housing 12, a cylinder block 14 accommodated in an internal space defined by the housing 12, and a shaft 16 rotatably supported by the cylinder block 14. The swash plate 18 fixed to the shaft 16 and the cylinder block T JP03 / 03620 A plurality of (five in the illustrated example) cylinders provided on the tool 14 and extending in the axial direction of the cylinder 2

And a plurality of bistons 22 respectively arranged in the zero.

The swash plate type compressor 10 is driven by receiving the rotational power of a vehicle engine (not shown). The turning power is transmitted to the shaft 16 via a belt (not shown), and the shaft rotates. To transmit the rotational power to shaft 16 and release it

A clutch (not shown) is attached to the tip of the shaft 16.

The rotational movement of the shaft 16 passes through the swash plate 18 through the piston in each cylinder 20

It is converted into a linear motion that reciprocates 22 in its axial direction. As a result, a mixed gas of the refrigerant and the lubricating oil is alternately sucked into the cylinder 20 from both ends thereof (see a solid-line arrow schematically showing the movement path), and the mixed gas is compressed in the cylinder 20. , + Thereafter, the liquid is discharged alternately from both ends of the cylinder 20 to the outside thereof (see a chain line arrow showing an outline of the movement path). In this process, the swash plate type compressor 10 performs compression work in the automotive air conditioning system.

The housing 12 defines a housing space for the cylinder block 14 and has a body 24 having a cylindrical inner surface as a whole, and a shaft 1 connected to one end of the body 24 in the axial direction and protruding from the one end. 6 comprises a reduced-diameter tube portion 26 surrounding the distal end portion, and a cap 28 fixed to and covering the open end (the other end) of the main body 24.

The housing main body 24 has an introduction hole 30 for the mixed gas, and has a space 32 above it in a space connected to the accommodation space of the cylinder block 14. The introduction hole 30 and the space 32 are located almost in the middle between both ends of the main body 24, are located immediately above the cylinder block 14, and communicate with each other. Therefore, the mixed gas is received in the space 32 through the introduction hole 30.

In the swash plate compressor 10 according to the present invention, the mixed gas received in the space 32 passes through the opening 70, the cavities 58, 60, the passage 72, and the champers 38, 42. And supplied into each cylinder 20.

The cylinder block 14 is composed of a pair of block portions butted against each other, but is shown as a single unit for the sake of convenience in illustration.

The plurality of cylinders 20 provided in the cylinder block 14 are arranged around the shaft 16. 03 03620, that is, they are spaced from one another around the axis of the cylinder block 14. Each cylinder 20 is opened at both ends of the cylinder block 14, and both ends of the cylinder 20, that is, both ends of the cylinder block 14 are respectively connected to the housing cap 28 via a pair of valve plates 34, 36. And one end of its body 24.

At one end of the housing body 24 and at the cap 28, two pairs of concentric annular spaces champers 38, 40 and 42, 44, which are opposed to the two pallet plates 34, 36, respectively, are provided. Is provided.

The inner chambers 38, 42 of the chambers can receive the low-temperature, low-pressure mixed gas supplied into the cylinder 20. On the other hand, the outer chambers 40 and 44 can receive a high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas discharged outside the cylinder 20. For reference, both the supply side chambers 38, 42 and the discharge side chambers 38, 42 are denoted by a symbol L meaning low pressure and a symbol H meaning high pressure, respectively.

The two valve plates 34, 36 have two holes 46, 48, which allow the supply of mixed gas from the low pressure side chamber (L) to each cylinder, and the high pressure side chamber (H) from each cylinder. There are provided two holes 50 and 52 that allow the mixed gas discharged to move to the outside. Each hole is covered with a suction plate (not shown), which is a check valve for controlling the movement of the mixed gas, attached to each pulp plate.

The two chambers 40, 44 on the high pressure side (H) at both ends of the housing body 24 pass through holes 54 passing through the cylinder block 14 in the axial direction thereof in the vicinity of the shaft 16. They communicate with each other via a tube (not shown). Therefore, the mixed gas discharged to both high-pressure-side champers is discharged out of the housing 12 from a discharge port 56 provided in the cap 28 and connected to the chamber 44 on the cap side.

The cylinder block 14 is provided with a hollow portion 58 connected to each cylinder 20. The hollow portion 58 is located substantially at the center of each cylinder 20 in the axial direction. Further, a hollow portion 60 is provided in each piston 22. The cavities 58 and each cavity 60 communicate with each other. The cavity 60 of each piston is maintained in communication with the cavity 58 of the cylinder block even during the reciprocating movement. Therefore, cavity 5 8 And each cavity 60 form one cavity.

The shaft 16 is supported by a pair of thrust bearings 62 arranged on both sides of the swash plate 18 and a pair of radial bearings 64 arranged on both ends of the shaft 16. '

A swash plate 18 that converts the rotational motion of the shaft 16 into a reciprocating motion of each piston 22 is received in the cavities 58, 60 and is inclined with respect to the shaft 16. Therefore, when the swash plate 18 in the cavity rotates together with the shaft 16, each biston 22 receives an axial force from the swash plate 18.

Inside each hollow portion 60, a disk-shaped shoe 66, which is a bearing member in contact with each surface of the swash plate 18, and a wall of a piston 22 defining the shoe 66 and the hollow portion 60 are rotated. Balls 6 and 8 held as possible are arranged. The swash plate 18 is in contact with each of the bistons 22 through these shoes 66 and Benore 68.

In the present invention, the cylinder block 14 is provided with two openings 70 and a plurality (10 in the illustrated example) of passages 72 for the low-pressure and low-temperature mixed gas. The two openings 70 are provided on both sides of the cylinder 20 located at the uppermost position in FIG. 2, and communicate with the hollow portion 58 of the cylinder block. Therefore, both openings 70 are also in communication with the cavity 60 of each piston. The number of openings 70 may be one instead of the illustrated example. The shape of the opening 70 shown in the figure is a horizontally long oval, but is not limited to this, and it is optional to adopt another shape. .

Further, the plurality of passages 72 are arranged at intervals around the shaft 16 and communicate with the cavity 58. Half (5) of the passages 7 2 extend from the cavity 5 8 force to the chamber 38 on one low pressure side, and the other half (5) extend from the cavity 58 to the other low pressure side. The champs are growing towards 42. These passages 72 further communicate with the respective champers 38, 42 via a plurality (five) of holes 74, 76 provided in the respective valve plates 34, 36.

Therefore, the mixed gas introduced into the receiving space 32 through the introduction hole 30 in the upper part of the housing flows into the cavity through the two openings 70 communicating with the space 32, and from the cavity, the passages 7 2 After that, they are sent to the respective champers 38, 42.

According to this effort, while the gas mixture flows through the cavity, the shrinkage in the cavity 60 is reduced. P03 03620 1 6 6 and ball 6 8 (bearing member) and swash plate 18 and bearings 62 and 64 in cavity 58 are exposed to the above-mentioned mixed gas. Lubricant components adhere.

Further, the mixed gas expands when flowing into the cavity, whereby the mutual bonding force between the refrigerant and the lubricating oil component in the mixed gas decreases. Therefore, the lubricating oil component is easily separated from the refrigerant, and a larger amount of the lubricating oil component adheres to the bearing member, the swash plate, the bearing, and the like. As a result, the bearing members 66, 68, the swash plate 18 and the bearings 62, 64 are sufficiently lubricated, resulting in insufficient lubrication of the swash plate type compressor 10 and the accompanying swash plate 18 and shroud 6 6. Is eliminated.

Further, in the illustrated example, since the passage 72 is disposed between the shaft 16 and the piston 22 and is close to the piston 22, the reciprocating motion of the low-temperature mixed gas 1 flowing through the passage 72 causes the passage 72. It contributes to cooling of the piston 22 which is in a high temperature state.

Further, the lubricating oil component in the mixed gas in the cavity adheres to the surface of the shaft 16, and an oil film is formed on the surface of the shaft 16. In particular, a shaft 16 surrounded by a sealing member 78 such as a mechanical seal or a lip seal provided to prevent leakage of the mixed gas from the reduced-diameter tube portion 26 of the housing communicating with the champer 38 The oil generated around the shaft S forms an oil seal between the shaft 16 and the sealing member 78 around the shaft 16, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the sealing member 78. Reference numerals 80 and 82 respectively denote a snap ring and an O-ring which are disposed on both sides of the seal member 78 and are arranged around the shaft 16 to fix the seal member to the housing 12. Show.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. Ha '

A cylinder block housed in the housing and extending in the axial direction of the previous housing;

A shaft rotatably supported by the cylinder block and extending in the axial direction of the cylinder block;

A plurality of cylinders spaced apart from each other around the shaft in the cylinder block and a piston disposed in each cylinder;

Receiving a swash plate fixed to the shaft and rotatable with the shaft; a cavity provided in both the cylinder block and each of the pistons;

An introduction hole provided in the housing for a mixed gas of a refrigerant and a lubricating oil; and a receiving space for the mixed gas provided in the housing and communicating with the introduction hole of the mixed gas.

A swash plate compressor comprising: two chambers provided in the housing; and two chambers for receiving the mixed gas supplied from both ends thereof to each cylinder, further comprising:-provided in the cylinder block At least one opening communicating with the receiving space for the mixed gas and the cavity;

A swash plate compressor, comprising: a plurality of passages for the mixed gas provided in the cylinder block and communicating with the cavity and each chamber.

2. The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas passage is provided between the shaft and the piston at intervals around the shaft.