AUTOMATIC , SUCCESSIVE CONFIGURING OF SLAVE MODULES IN A DATA BUS NETWORK
The invention relates to a data bus network with a plurality of network users.
In bus systems of this kind it is usually necessary that all users can be unambiguously identified by an address or that each user responds to different individual messages. Therefore, it is necessary to configure each user individually prior to installation in the bus system. It is only after such configuration has taken place that a plurality of possibly similar users can be taken up in the network and still be individually addressable.
Such configuration has the drawback of high costs. For example, the users can be individually configured by way of connector codes, electrical bridges or the like. However, this gives rise to additional, special contacts which necessitate the use of additional or larger connectors. Moreover, codes of this kind enable only a limited number of configuration combinations.
The modules can also be configured prior to the installation of each module. However, notably for applications in vehicles it is then necessary to utilize on-site programming devices which might not be available when a single network user is replaced, leading to an additional expenditure.
It is an object of the invention to provide a data bus network whose users can be individually configured in an as simple as possible manner and possibly also at a later stage, for example, after replacement of a network user.
This object is achieved in accordance with the invention as disclosed in claim 1 by means of a data bus network which includes a master network user and slave network users, the topology of a signal line of the network being chosen to be such that a first slave network user is configured by the master network user when the network is put into operation, after which the configured first slave network user switches the signal line through to a second slave network user which is also configured in response thereto and switches the signal line through to a further slave network user which is subsequently configured, this procedure being repeated for each further slave network user until all slave network users have been configured.
The topology of the signal line of the data bus network in accordance with the invention is such that, when the network is put into operation, at first only a master network
user and a first slave network user are connected to one another via the signal line. The master can thus first configure the first slave network user, because the location thereof is known on the basis of the topology of the signal line.
When the first slave network user has been configured, it switches the signal line through to a second slave network user. As soon as this contact has been established, the second slave network user can be configured, because its location is known again on the basis of the topology, so that it can be individually configured.
This procedure continues until all slave network users in the network have been configured. A newly configured slave network user each time switches the data bus through to the next slave network user in the topology of the signal line, after which said next slave network user is configured.
In the data bus network in accordance with the invention the network users can be individually configured, even when they are of a similar type. The individual configuration is carried out exclusively on the basis of the topology of the signal line, so that no additional connectors or programming devices of any kind are required.
An essential advantage resides in the fact that the configuration of, for example, an individual network user, is also possible at a later stage, for example, when this network user has been replaced and a newly inserted network user has not yet been configured. For example, when the data bus network is used in vehicles it may be necessary to replace individual network users. In the data bus network in accordance with the invention a replacement network user can be configured anew without requiring additional aids.
The signal line can be provided in the network in addition to a communication line via which the normal communication takes place within the network. However, the signal line can advantageously be used also as a communication line as in the further embodiment disclosed in claim 2.
In conformity with a further embodiment of the invention as disclosed in claim
3, the configuration of the slave network users consists in the allocation of an individual address of the relevant network user. This address identifies the network user in the network and enables selective transmission of given messages to a given network user.
In conformity with a further embodiment of the invention as disclosed in claim
4, the address whereby a network user is configured is selected on the basis of the location of
the network user in the signal line. This location is known on the basis of the topology and the successive switching through of the signal line to the slave network users.
Similarly, in conformity with a further embodiment of the invention as disclosed in claim 5, after replacement of a slave network user the position thereof in the network can be determined by determining that slave network user in the topology of the signal line with which a data exchange is still possible. The newly inserted network user, not having been configured initially, at first will not permit a data exchange via the signal line and will also block the data network to further, downstream slave network users. The location of this slave user is known on the basis of this constellation so that it can be individually configured.
The data bus network in accordance with the invention may notably be constructed as a Local Interconnect Network (LIN) and be used in vehicles.
An embodiment of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the sole Figure of the drawing.
The sole Figure shows a data bus network in accordance with the invention which is suitable for use, for example, in vehicles.
The block diagram of the Figure shows four network users 1, 2, 3 and 4.
The network user 1 is a so-called master network user which is inter alia capable of configuring other network users.
The other network users 2, 3 and 4 are so-called slave network users which initially are not configured when the network is newly configured.
In order to enable individual addressing of the network users 2, 3 and 4, however, they must be configured, that is, they must notably be provided with an individual address in the network.
In the Figure it is indicated that all network users 1, 2, 3 and 4 are supplied with energy by way of a power supply S and a reference potential GND.
The network users 1, 2, 3 and 4 are connected to one another by way of a signal line of the network data bus which consists of individual segments 5, 6 and 7. The signal line, comprising the segments 5, 6 and 7, in this embodiment also serves as a communication line in the network via which the normal data communication takes place.
The communication line, however, may also be provided so as to be separate from the signal line.
When the data bus network is put into operation for the first time, via the signal line a connection exists exclusively between the master network user 1 and the first slave network user 2 via the signal line. This segment 5 of the signal line enables a data exchange between these two network users 1 and 2. The master network user 1 can thus individually configure the first slave network user 2 which is unambiguously identified because of this topology of the signal line, that is, it can provide this slave user with an address in conformity with its location within the topology of the signal line. Until the termination of this configuration of the first slave network user 2, a switch 8 provided therein is open for the time being. The switch 8 in the slave network user 2 is closed only upon completion of the configuration of the first slave network user 2, said switch then activating a further segment 6 of the signal line.
Thus, a data bus connection is established, via the signal line, with a second slave network user 3 which can then be configured by the master network user 1. Because this is the second slave network user being configured, the master network user 1 knows, on the basis of the topology of the signal line, the location in which said second slave network user 3 is situated. On the basis of this knowledge a suitable address is determined whereby the second slave network user 3 is configured. A switch 9 provided in said second slave network user 3 is closed only after said second user 3 has been configured, said switch then activating a further segment 7 of the signal line.
After activation of the data bus segment 7, a further slave network user is then coupled to the master network user 1 via the signal line. The master network user 1 can then configure said further slave network user 4. The position thereof in the network is known again on the basis of the topology of the signal line, so that the slave network user 4 can be assigned a suitable address whereby it is configured.
This configuration of the network, or the network users, can be summarized as follows: when the network is put into operation with initially non-configured slave network users, at first only one connection is established with one of the slave network users, that is, via the signal line. When this slave user has been configured, it switches through the signal line to a further network user which is configured in response thereto. This procedure is repeated until all slave network users have been configured.
Thus, a kind of "serial configuration" of the network users takes place where, on the basis of the topology of the signal line and the network users, for each new slave network user to be configured the position thereof in the signal line is known, so that it can be configured with a corresponding address. The network users 2, 3 and 4 may be of a similar type which can nevertheless be individually configured, without coding connectors, programming devices or the like being required for that purpose.
Renewed configuration of a user after its replacement can also be carried out without additional aids being required. For example, when the network user 3 is removed and replaced by a new, initially non-configured network user, the switch 9 thereof is initially open. Consequently, at first a data transmission via the signal line can take place only between the master network user 1 and the first slave network user 2. On the basis of this fact it can be deduced directly that the slave network user 3 has been replaced and has not been configured as yet. Therefore, the location of the replaced slave network user is known so that the replacement network user can be configured accordingly. As soon as configuration has been completed, the switch 9 in the replacement slave network user 3 is closed so that once more a signal line connection exists between all network users 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Thus, the data bus network in accordance with the invention enables simple configuration of the users of the network not only when the network is newly configured, but also enables, after removal of one or more network users, a new configuration of the newly inserted network users. This operation can again be carried out without requiring additional aids such as code connectors or programming devices.