WO2003078329A1 - Systeme de production d'energie electrique par distillation - Google Patents

Systeme de production d'energie electrique par distillation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003078329A1
WO2003078329A1 PCT/CN2003/000200 CN0300200W WO03078329A1 WO 2003078329 A1 WO2003078329 A1 WO 2003078329A1 CN 0300200 W CN0300200 W CN 0300200W WO 03078329 A1 WO03078329 A1 WO 03078329A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
distillation
exchanger
steam
controlled
solenoid valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000200
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Maosen Lin
Original Assignee
Maosen Lin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maosen Lin filed Critical Maosen Lin
Priority to AU2003227164A priority Critical patent/AU2003227164A1/en
Publication of WO2003078329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003078329A1/zh

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D3/00Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/007Energy recuperation; Heat pumps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/045Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation for obtaining ultra-pure water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a distillation power generation system, and in particular, to a device for generating electricity by performing distillation purification treatment of seawater and sewage without energy consumption. current technology
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a system for distilling desalination and generating electricity by using a "closed loop" distillation method without energy consumption, low cost and pollution-free seawater and sewage distillation.
  • the distillation power generation system is: all the heat insulation materials of the entire system are heat-treated and made of corrosion-resistant metal materials, and are composed of a steam power generation device, a drying device, a heat recovery device and a pipeline, and a computer automatic control system
  • the composition specifically includes equipment such as a distillation exchanger, an electric heater, an isobaric water injector, a gas turbine, a water storage tank, a dryer, and a heat recovery device;
  • the distillation power generation device is composed of one or more distillation exchangers, two isobaric water injectors, a gas turbine, a water storage tank, and a pipeline controlled by a solenoid valve:
  • the steam-distillation exchanger is a cylindrical hollow dome-shaped shell made of a corrosion-resistant metal material, and two through holes are set on the top of the distillation exchanger, one of which is a safety valve of the distillation exchanger.
  • the upper through hole is the heating steam inlet of the distillation exchanger connected to the steam outlet of the electric heater, and the lower through hole is the distillation exchanger connected to the cold water inlet of the electric heater.
  • the first is a cold water inlet communicating with the inner liner of the distillation exchanger, and the second is under the spiral heat exchange coil provided in the distillation exchanger.
  • the condensate outlet is connected to the through hole at the bottom of the shell.
  • a water storage tank is located below the condensate outlet.
  • the third is the concentrated salt that is communicated with the inner liner of the distillation exchanger and is controlled by a solenoid valve. Liquid outlet;
  • another through hole is connected to the automatic controller of water level, pressure and temperature; in the lower part of the shell side of the distillation exchanger, there is also a port connected to the automatic salinity controller.
  • the two equal-pressure-difference water injectors are shells with a cylindrical hollow dome at both ends made of a corrosion-resistant metal material, and two pipe holes are provided at the dome and bottom of the shell,
  • One through hole is an exhaust port controlled by a solenoid valve at the top of the case
  • the other through hole is a steam inlet controlled by a solenoid valve at the top of the case
  • one through hole is a cold water inlet connected to a water source controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the case
  • the other through hole is a water outlet controlled by a solenoid valve at the bottom of the housing; wherein the gas turbine made of a corrosion-resistant metal material is provided on the top of the distillation exchanger and is made of a metal material, which is sealed, insulated and protected.
  • a gas turbine with two ports is installed at the front and rear of the pressure-driven generator to perform work.
  • the front is the steam inlet of the turbine, and the rear is the steam outlet of the turbine.
  • the drying device is composed of a distillation chamber, a drying chamber, and an agitator.
  • a heat recovery device and a pipeline; the drying device is a double-layered bile shell with a cylindrical hollow end and a dome made of a corrosion-resistant metal material;
  • a steam inlet is provided on the top through hole of the outer gallbladder, a steam outlet is located beside the middle and lower through holes on the outer side of the outer gallbladder, and an automatic cold air valve and a drain are set under the through hole on the bottom of the outer gallbladder.
  • the common bile in the double-biliary shell is a drying chamber.
  • a steam outlet is provided on the double-hole top hole of the drying chamber and a thick salt inlet is provided on the double-hole top hole.
  • a through hole at the bottom of the double chamber of the drying chamber is provided with a high temperature dry salt outlet controlled by a solenoid valve; wherein the agitator is made of a corrosion-resistant metal material and is provided in the drying chamber.
  • the double-bladder through hole is connected to the reducer fixed on the top of the double-bladder; wherein the heat energy recoverer is a cylindrical hollow-type two-end spherical dome casing made of a corrosion-resistant metal material, and is on the top of the heat energy recoverer.
  • the present invention mainly includes: a distillation power generation device, a drying device, a thermal energy recovery device and a pipeline, and a computer automatic control system;
  • the distillation power generation system is internal, and further includes a distillation exchanger, an electric heater, and a constant pressure difference Water injector, gas turbine, water storage tank, dryer, heat energy recovery circuit;
  • the system of the present invention is connected as follows:
  • the steam outlet controlled by the solenoid valve on the top of the steam boiler is connected in parallel with the steam inlet controlled by the solenoid valves on the top of the two equal pressure difference injectors through one end of the pipeline, and the other end is connected with the gas.
  • the steam inlet of the turbine is connected.
  • the steam outlet of the turbine is connected to the steam inlet on the top of the distillation chamber in the drying device via a pipe.
  • the steam outlet on the top of the drying chamber is connected to the steam inlet on the upper end of the spiral heat exchange coil in the distillation exchanger via a pipe.
  • the condensed water outlet at the lower end of the spiral heat exchanger coil in the distillation exchanger is discharged to the water storage tank; the water inlet controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the distillation exchanger The water injection valve port controlled by the solenoid valve is connected;
  • the steam outlet at the middle and lower part of the distillation chamber is connected to the steam outlet controlled by the solenoid valve on the top of the heat recovery unit via one end of the pipeline, and the other end is connected in series with the steam inlet at the upper end of the spiral heat exchange coil in the distillation exchanger;
  • the bottom of the shell ball of two isobaric liquid injectors are controlled by solenoid valves.
  • the two water inlets are connected to the pressurized water source through a pipeline.
  • the high temperature dry salt outlet controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the drying chamber in the drying device. It is connected to the high-temperature dry salt inlet on the top of the heat energy recoverer via a pipeline.
  • a dry salt storage tank is located below the cooling and dry salt outlet on the bottom of the heat energy recoverer;
  • the present invention has the following advantages: one-time startup, no pollution, no noise, no three waste discharge, no energy consumption, the sewage and seawater are steamed into clean steamed water, and free electrical energy is provided at the same time. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distillation power generation system of the present invention. detailed description
  • Distillation power generation system consists of: Distillation power generation device, drying device, heat energy recovery device and pipeline interconnected by computer control system program control,
  • the distillation power generation device is composed of a distillation exchanger 14, two equal pressure water injectors 1, 2, a gas turbine 24, a water storage tank 46, and a pipeline controlled by a solenoid valve:
  • the distillation exchanger 14 described above is a cylindrical hollow dome-shaped shell at both ends made of a corrosion-resistant metal material.
  • Two through holes are provided on the top of the distillation exchanger 14, one of which is the distillation exchanger 14.
  • the safety valve 141 and the pressure gauge 142 are installed and a common pipe hole of the steam outlet 22, and the other is a steam inlet 21 connected to the through hole of the upper shell of the spiral heat exchanger coil 15 provided in the distillation exchanger 14;
  • a through hole at the upper part of the shell side of the distillation exchanger 14 is provided with an automatic controller 20 for water level, pressure and temperature;
  • a through hole at the lower part of the shell side of the steam exchanger 14 is provided with a salinity Automatic controller 19;
  • the two isobaric water injectors 1 and 2 described above are cylindrical shells made of corrosion-resistant metal materials at both ends of the spherical dome, and two pipe holes are provided at the dome and bottom of the shell.
  • One of the through holes is the steam inlets 4 and 5 controlled by the solenoid valve on the top of the housing, and the other is the steam inlets 4 and 5 controlled by the solenoid valve on the top of the housing.
  • One of the through holes is controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the housing.
  • the cold water inlets 7, 9 connected to the pressurized water source 11, and the other through hole is the water outlets 8, 10 controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the housing;
  • the gas turbine 24 made of a corrosion-resistant metal material is provided on the top of the distillation exchanger 14 and is made of a metal material. There are two ports in the front and rear of the sealed, heat-preserved and pressure-driven generator to perform work.
  • the drying device is composed of a distillation chamber 29, a drying chamber 30, an agitator 31, a heat energy recovery device 40, and a pipeline;
  • the drying device is a double-layered bile shell with a cylindrical hollow end and a dome made of a corrosion-resistant metal material.
  • a distillation chamber 29 is arranged between the inner and outer bile shells in the double-bladed shell 32.
  • a steam inlet 26 is provided on the top through hole of the gallbladder outside the chamber 29, a steam outlet 34 is provided beside the through hole on the outer middle and lower part of the distillation chamber 29, and an automatic cold air width 35 is set under the through hole at the bottom of the gallbladder outside the distillation chamber 29
  • the inner chamber of the double-bladed housing 32 is a drying chamber 30, and a steam outlet 28 and a top of the inner and outer chamber
  • a through hole is provided with a concentrated salt solution inlet 33, and a high temperature dry salt outlet 37 controlled by a solenoid valve is provided in the through hole at the bottom of the outer shell of the drying chamber 30;.
  • the agitator 31 is made of a corrosion-resistant metal material and is provided in the drying chamber 30.
  • the upper end of the agitating shaft with the spiral plate 31 is connected from the bottom to the top through the double-bill through hole and connected to the reducer 27 fixed on the top of the double-bladder.
  • the thermal energy recovery device 40 is a thermal energy recovery device 40 made of a corrosion-resistant metal material with a cylindrical hollow-end spherical dome casing, and two through holes are provided on the top and bottom of the thermal energy recovery device 40, wherein One upper hole is the steam outlet 38 of the heat recovery device 40, and one of the lower holes is a cold water inlet 44 controlled by a solenoid valve.
  • the heat recovery device 40 is also provided with upper and lower ends passing through the top and bottom through holes and
  • the spiral heat exchange coil 41 connected to the shell has an upper tube opening for the high-temperature dry salt inlet 39 and a lower tube opening for the cooling and dry salt outlet 42.
  • the parts of the distillation power generation system of the present invention are connected as follows:
  • the steam outlet 22 controlled by the solenoid valve at the top of the distillation exchanger 14 is connected in parallel with the steam inlets 4 and 5 controlled by the solenoid valve at the top of the isobaric injectors 1 and 2 through one end of the pipeline, and the other end is connected with the steam of the gas turbine 24
  • the inlet 23 is connected, and the steam outlet 25 of the gas turbine 24 is connected to the steam at the top of the distillation chamber 29 in the drying device through a pipeline.
  • the inlet 26 is connected, and the steam outlet 28 on the top of the outer shell of the drying chamber 30 is connected to the steam inlet 21 at the upper end of the spiral heat exchange coil 15 in the distillation exchanger 14 through a pipe, and the condensation at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange coil 15 in the distillation exchanger 14 is condensed.
  • the water outlet 17 is discharged to the water storage tank 46;
  • the water inlet 16 controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the distillation exchanger 14 is connected to the two water injection valve ports 8 and 10 controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom through the pipeline and the isobaric water injectors 1, 2;
  • the steam outlet 34 on the middle and lower part of the distillation chamber 29 is connected to the steam outlet 38 controlled by the solenoid valve on the top of the heat recovery unit 40 through one end of the pipeline, and the other end is connected in series with the steam inlet 21 on the upper end of the spiral heat exchange coil 15 in the distillation exchanger 14 ;
  • the bottoms of the shell balls of the isobaric liquid injectors 1 and 2 are connected to the water inlets 7 and 9 connected by a solenoid valve in parallel and connected to a pressured water source 11 through a pipeline;
  • the high-temperature dry salt outlet 37 controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the drying chamber 30 in the drying device is connected to the high-temperature dry salt inlet 39 at the top of the heat recovery device 40 through a pipeline, and a dry salt storage tank is arranged below the cooling dry salt outlet 42 at the bottom of the heat recovery device 40;
  • a cold water inlet 44 controlled by a solenoid valve at the bottom of the heat energy recoverer 40 is connected to a pressurized water source 11 through a pipeline.
  • the distillation power generation system of the present invention works as follows: First, the integrated circuit of the automatic control device is turned on
  • Pressurized cold water enters the steam exchanger 14 through the pipeline at the bottom due to the water pressure difference at the bottom of the isobaric water injector 1, so that the air in the steam exchanger 14 enters the top of the isobaric water injector 1 from the steam outlet at the top through the pipe.
  • the exhaust valve port on the top is pressed out; when the water level in the steam exchanger 14 reaches the water level, pressure, and temperature limited by the automatic controller, the cold water inlet 16 at the bottom of the steam exchanger 14 controlled by a solenoid valve and the top of the steam exchanger 14 are The steam outlet 22 controlled by the solenoid valve is automatically closed first, and when the water level in the constant-pressure differential water injector 1 reaches the limited water level, the pressure-controlled brine source nozzle 11 controlled by the solenoid valve, and the bottom of the constant-pressure water injector 1
  • the cold water inlet 7 controlled by the solenoid valve, the constant pressure differential water injector 1 on the top is controlled by a solenoid valve, and the outlet 3 controlled by the electromagnetic valve is also automatically closed at the bottom;
  • An electric heater provided on the upper side of the steam exchanger 14 starts automatic heating, so that the water above 10 cm below the lowest water level in the upper part of the shell of the steam exchanger 14 is vaporized to a high-pressure steam, and the steam exchanger 14 When the steam pressure reaches the pressure required for work;
  • the cold water inlet 9 controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the water heater 2 and the exhaust valve 6 controlled by the solenoid valve at the top of the water pressure regulator at the same pressure level are opened at the same time. Pressurized water is forced into the water pressure regulator 2 at the pressure level. Three valves above the water limit level are automatically closed;
  • the steam inlet 5 controlled by the solenoid valve on the top of the isobaric water injector 2 and the water outlet 10 controlled by the solenoid valve on the bottom of the isobaric water injector 1 are automatically opened; the water pressure in the isobaric water injector 2 is to be injected.
  • the water in the isocratic water injector 1 automatically continues to circulate alternately to fill the steam exchanger 14 with the required evaporated water.
  • the steam passes through the inlet 23 of the steam turbine 24 through the pipeline, enters the gas turbine and drives the impeller to rotate to drive power generation. Machine to do work
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the outlet 25 of the steam turbine 24 passes through the pipeline, and one of them enters into the distillation chamber steam inlet 26 on the top shell of the distillation chamber 29 in the drying device, and the heat is released in the distillation chamber 29.
  • the bottom of the outer part of the distillation chamber 29 is automatically discharged by a common nozzle of the automatic cold air valve 35 and the trap 36 controlled by a solenoid valve, and the condensed water is discharged into the lower water storage tank 46 through the pipeline.
  • the middle and lower part of the steam outlet 34 controlled by the solenoid valve flows back to the steam inlet 21 at the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger coil 15 in the steam exchanger 14 through the pipeline, enters the spiral heat exchanger coil 15 in the steam exchanger 14 and presses "closed circuit" "The principle is to exchange the temperature difference with the cold water in the steam exchanger 14 from top to bottom.
  • the steam in the spiral heat exchange coil 15 is condensed into condensate.
  • the condensate outlet 17 is controlled by a solenoid valve at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange coil 15 Drain into the water storage tank 46;
  • the cold water at the top of the steam exchanger 14 is vaporized into high-pressure steam during temperature difference exchange, and circulates again to perform work on the turbine.
  • the concentrated salt liquid outlet 18 valve controlled by the solenoid valve at the bottom of the steam exchanger 14 is automatically opened, and it is pressed into the drying device through the pipeline.
  • the thick salt solution inlet 33 on the upper side of the inner drying chamber 30 enters the drying chamber 30, and the agitator 31 automatically rotates to do work.
  • the concentrated salt solution absorbs heat and vaporizes into steam, and passes through the steam outlet 28 on the top of the drying chamber 30 and the distillation chamber 29
  • the lower part of the steam outlet 34 controlled by the solenoid valve is connected to the upper part of the steam inlet 21 of the spiral heat exchanger coil 15 in the steam exchanger 14; the concentrated salt solution in the drying chamber 30 is dried into high-temperature salt powder.
  • the high temperature dry salt outlet 37 controlled by the solenoid valve is automatically opened, and enters the spiral heat exchange coil 41 in the heat energy recoverer 40 from the high temperature dry salt inlet 39 on the top of the heat energy recoverer 40, and the cold water in the heat energy recoverer 40 is closed.
  • the working principle of the present invention is as follows: According to the "closed loop nature” rule, the present invention uses the “difficulty of heat conduction down” to turn the “high temperature heat source” from top to bottom and the “low temperature heat source” from bottom to top. Exchange the temperature and pressure difference without energy consumption in the exchanger. It only needs to be started once and replenishes three thousandths of the thermal energy loss caused by itself during operation.
  • the invention can also connect multiple sets of distillation exchangers and multiple sets of gas turbines in series to form one or more large and small different distillation power generation systems.
  • Industrial applicability can also connect multiple sets of distillation exchangers and multiple sets of gas turbines in series to form one or more large and small different distillation power generation systems.
  • the system of the invention can be started once, and has no pollution, no noise, no waste discharge during operation, and low energy consumption during operation.
  • the system can not only purify sewage and seawater into clean distilled water, but also provide electric energy, which has industrial applicability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Description

蒸馏发电系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种蒸馏发电系统, 特别是涉及一种无能耗对海水、 污水进行蒸 馏净化处理的同时并发电的装置。 现有技术
目前, 世界上海水淡化只限于膜技术, 该技术的缺点是:一、 淡化后的水只除 掉了海水中的钠镁离子,而无法除掉海水中的重金属物,若饮用易对人类生命健康 造成危害, 二、每淡化一吨海水就要排放一吨高温的含高浓度钠镁离子的污水, 对 沿海生态环境造成危害, 三、 淡化水的成本比自来水价格高几倍。 发明内容
鉴于上述技术的不足, 本发明的目的是提供一种利用" 闭路循环"蒸馏方法 无能耗, 低成本无污染的海水和污水蒸馏淡化并发电的系统。
为实现上述目的, 采用如下技术方案:
本发明所提供的蒸馏发电系统是: 整个系统全部隔热材料进行隔热处理、 并 由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的, 由蒸熘发电装置、 干燥装置、 热能回收装置和管路及 电脑自控系统组成, 具体包括有蒸馏交换器、 电加热器、 等压位差注水器、 气轮 机、 储水箱、 干燥器、 热能回收器等设备;
所述的由蒸馏发电装置, 由一个或多个蒸馏交换器、 两个等压位差注水器、 一个气轮机一个储水箱及由电磁阀控制的管路组成:
其中所述的蒸熘交换器, 是在由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶的 壳体, 在蒸馏交换器顶部设两个通孔, 其中一个为蒸馏交换器的安全阀和压力表 ' 安装及蒸汽出口共用的管孔, 另一个与蒸馏交换器内设有的螺旋换热盘管上口壳 体顶部通孔相连的蒸汽入口;在蒸馏交换器壳体内侧上部最低水位线以下 10厘米 处设有上、 下两个通孔, 上通孔为与电加热器蒸汽出口相连的蒸馏交换器的加热 蒸汽入口、 下通孔为与电加热器冷水入口相连的蒸馏交换器的出水口; 在蒸馏交 换器底部还设叁个通孔, 其中第一个是与蒸馏交换器内胆相通的冷水入口, 第二 个是与蒸馏交换器内设有的螺旋换热盘管下口壳体底部通孔相连的冷凝水出口, 冷凝水出口下方设储水箱, 第三个是与蒸馏交换器内胆相通由电磁阀控制的浓盐 液出口; 另外在蒸馏交换器壳体侧上部, 另设一个与水位、 压力、 温度自动控制 仪相连的通孔; 在蒸馏交换器壳体侧下部, 还设一个与盐度自动控制仪相连的通 孔; 其中所述的两个等压位差注水器是在由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端 球顶的壳体, 在壳体球顶、 底部各设两个管孔, 其一通孔为壳体顶部由电磁阀控 制的排气口, 另一通孔为壳体顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸气入口, 其一个通孔为壳体 底部由电磁阀控制的与水源相连的冷水入口, 另一通孔为壳体底部由电磁阀控制 的出水口; 其中所述由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的气轮机, 是设在蒸馏交换器顶部, 由金属材料制成的, 密封、 保温、 保压带动发电机做功的前、 后共设两个口的气 轮机, 前为气轮机蒸汽入口、 后为气轮机蒸汽出口; 其中所述干燥装置是由蒸馏 室、 干燥室、 搅动器和热能回收器及管路组成; 其中所述干燥装置、 是由耐腐蚀 金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶的双层胆壳体, 在双胆式壳体中的内、 外双胆 之间为蒸馏室, 蒸馏室外胆球顶部通孔上设一个蒸汽入口, 蒸馏室外胆的外侧中 下部通孔旁设一个蒸汽出口, 在蒸馏室外胆球底部通孔下设一个自动冷风阀和疏 水器共用的管孔; 在双胆式壳体中的双胆内为干燥室, 在干燥室双胆顶部通孔上 设一个蒸汽出口和双胆顶部的通孔上设一个浓盐液入口, 在干燥室双胆底部通孔 上设一个由电磁阀控制的高温干燥盐出口; 其中所述搅动器是由耐腐蚀金属材料 制造, 设在干燥室内, 带螺旋片搅动轴的上端, 由下至上穿过双胆通孔与固定在 双胆顶部的减速器相连的; 其中所述热能回收器是在由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱 型中空两端球顶的壳体, 在热能回收器的顶、 底部各设两个通孔, 其中一个上孔 为回收器的蒸汽出口, 其中一个下孔为由电磁阀控制的冷水入口, 在热能回收器 内还设有上、 下两端分别穿过顶部、 底部通孔与壳体相连的螺旋换热盘管, 上管 口为高温干燥盐入口; 下管口为冷却干燥盐出口。
本发明,.主要包括有: 蒸馏发电装置、 干燥装置、 热能回收装置和管路及电 脑自控系统; 所述的蒸馏发电系统是内, 还包括有蒸馏交换器、 电加热器、 等压 位差注水器、 气轮机、 储水箱、 干燥器、 热能回收器路构成;
本发明的系统是这样连接的: 所述的蒸镏交换器顶部电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 经管路一端与两个等压位差注液器顶部电磁阀控制的蒸气入口并连, 另一端与气 轮机的蒸汽入口相连, 气轮机的蒸汽出口经管路与干燥装置内蒸馏室顶部的蒸汽 入口相连, 干燥室外胆的顶部的蒸汽出口经管路与蒸馏交换器内螺旋换热盘管上 端的蒸汽入口相连, 蒸馏交换器内螺旋换热盘管下端的冷凝水出口向储水箱排放; 蒸馏交换器底部的电磁阀控制的入水口经管路与等压位差注水器底部的两个 由电磁阀控制的注水阀口相连;
蒸馏室侧中下部的蒸汽出口经管路一端与热能回收器顶部电磁阀控制的蒸汽 出口相连, 另一端与蒸馏交换器内螺旋换热盘管上端的蒸汽入口相串连;
两个等压位差注液器的壳体球底部由电磁阀控制相并连的两个入水口经管路 与有压水源相连; 干燥装置内的干燥室底部的电磁阀控制的高温干燥盐出口经管 路与热能回收器顶部高温干燥盐入口相连, 热能回收器底部冷却干燥盐出口下方 设干燥盐储存箱; 热能回收器底部由电磁阀控制的冷水入口经管路与有压水源相 连。
本发明比现有技术相比有如下优点: 一次性启动, 运转时, 无污染、 无噪音、 无三废排放、 无能耗的将污水、 海水蒸熘为清洁的蒸熘水, 并同时提供免费电能。
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例做详细说明, 以使对本发明有更清楚更详细 的了解。 附图说明
图 1是本发明蒸馏发电系统的实施示意图。 具体实施方式
蒸馏发电系统, 由: 蒸馏发电装置、 干燥装置、 热能回收装置和管路相互连 接由电脑自控系统程控组成,
所述的蒸馏发电装置由蒸馏交换器 14, 两个等压位差注水器 1、 2、 气轮机 24储水箱 46及由电磁阀控制的管路组成:
其中所述的蒸馏交换器 14, 是在由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶 的壳体, 在蒸馏交换器 14顶部设两个通孔, 其中一个为蒸馏交换器 14的安全阀 141和压力表 142安装及蒸汽出口 22共用的管孔,另一个与蒸馏交换器 14内设有 的螺旋换热盘管 15上口壳体顶部通孔相连的蒸汽入口 21 ; 在蒸馏交换器 14壳体 内侧上部最低水位线以下 10厘米处设有上、下两个通孔,上通孔为与电加热器 122 蒸汽出口 121相连的蒸馏交换器 14的蒸汽入口 12、下通孔为与电加热器 122冷水 入口 123相连的蒸馏交换器 14的出水口 13;在蒸馏交换器 14底部还设叁个通孔, 其中第一个是与蒸馏交换器 14 内胆相通的冷水入口 16, 第二个是与蒸馏交换器 14内设有的螺旋换热盘管 15下口壳体底部通孔相连的冷凝水出口 17, 冷凝水出 口 17下方设储水箱 46, 第三个是与蒸馏交换器 14内胆相通由电磁阀控制的浓盐 液出口 18; 另外在蒸馏交换器 14壳体侧上部的通孔另设一个与水位、压力、温度 自动控制仪 20; 在蒸熘交换器 14壳体侧下部的通孔还设一个与盐度自动控制仪 19;
其中所述的两个等压位差注水器 1、 2、 是在由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中 空两端球顶的壳体, 在壳体球顶、 底部各设两个管孔, 其一通孔为壳体顶部由电 磁阀控制的排气口 3、 6, 另一通孔为壳体顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸气入口 4、 5, 其 中一个通孔为壳体底部由电磁阀控制的与有压水源 11相连的冷水入口 7、 9, 另一 通孔为壳体底部由电磁阀控制的出水口 8、 10;
其中所述由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的气轮机 24, 是设在蒸馏交换器 14顶部, 由金属材料制成的, 密封、 保温、 保压带动发电机做功的前、 后共设两个口的气 轮机 24, 前为气轮机蒸汽入口 23、 后为气轮机蒸汽出口 25;
其中所述干燥装置是由蒸馏室 29、干燥室 30、搅动器 31和热能回收器 40及 管路组成;
其中所述干燥装置是由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶的双层胆壳 体, 在双胆式壳体 32中的内、 外双胆之间为蒸馏室 29, 蒸馏室 29外胆球顶部通 孔上设一个蒸汽入口 26,蒸馏室 29外胆的外侧中下部通孔旁设一个蒸汽出口 34, 在蒸馏室 29外胆球底部通孔下设一个自动冷风阔 35和疏水器 36共用的管孔; 在 双胆式壳体 32中的内胆内为干燥室 30, 在干燥室 30内、 外胆顶部通孔上设一个 蒸汽出口 28和内、 外胆顶部的通孔上设一个浓盐液入口 33, 在干燥室 30内、 外 胆底部通孔上设一个由电磁阀控制的高温干燥盐出口 37; .
其中所述搅动器 31是由耐腐蚀金属材料制造, 设在干燥室 30内, 带螺旋片 31搅动轴的上端, 由下至上穿过双胆通孔与固定在双胆顶部的减速器 27相连的; 其中所述热能回收装置 40 是由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶壳 体的热能回收器 40, 在热能回收器 40的顶、底部各设两个通孔, 其中一个上孔为 热能回收器 40的蒸汽出口 38, 其中一个下孔为由电磁阀控制的冷水入口 44, 在 热能回收器 40内还设有上、 下两端分别穿过顶部、 底部通孔与壳体相连的螺旋换 热盘管 41, 上管口为高温干燥盐入口 39; 下管口为冷却干燥盐出口 42。
本发明的蒸馏发电系统各个部位是这样相连的:
所述的蒸馏交换器 14顶部电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 22经管路一端与等压位差 注液器 1、 2顶部电磁阀控制的蒸气入口 4、 5并连, 另一端与气轮机 24的蒸汽入 口 23相连, 气轮机 24的蒸汽出口 25经管路与干燥装置内蒸馏室 29顶部的蒸汽 入口 26相连, 干燥室 30外胆的顶部的蒸汽出口 28经管路与蒸馏交换器 14内螺 旋换热盘管 15上端的蒸汽入口 21相连, 蒸馏交换器 14内螺旋换热盘管 15下端 的冷凝水出口 17向储水箱 46排放;
蒸馏交换器 14底部的电磁阀控制的入水口 16经管路与等压位差注水器 1、 2 底部的两个由电磁阀控制的注水阀口 8、 10相连;
蒸馏室 29侧中下部的蒸汽出口 34经管路一端与热能回收器 40顶部电磁阀控 制的蒸汽出口 38相连, 另一端与蒸馏交换器 14内螺旋换热盘管 15上端的蒸汽入 口 21相串连;
等压位差注液器 1、 2的壳体球底部由电磁阀控制相并连的入水口 7、 9经管 路与有压水源 11相连;
干燥装置内的干燥室 30底部的电磁阀控制的高温干燥盐出口 37经管路与热 能回收器 40顶部高温干燥盐入口 39相连,热能回收器 40底部冷却干燥盐出口 42 下方设干燥盐储存箱; ·
热能回收器 40底部由电磁阀控制的冷水入口 44经管路与有压水源 11相连。 本发明的蒸馏发电系统, 是这样工作的: 首先开启自动控制装置的集成电路
45使由电磁阀控制的有压盐水源管口 11、等压位差注水器 1底部由电磁阀控制的 冷水入口 7、 等压位差注水器 1顶部由电磁阀控制的排气阀 3等压位差注水器 1 底部由电磁阀控制的出水口 8及经管路与其相连的蒸汽交换器 14底部由电磁阀控 制的冷水入口 16、 蒸汽交换器 14顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 22和由管路与蒸 汽出口 22相连的等压位差注水器 1顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽入口 4等以上所有的 阀门自动同时开启;
有压冷水经等压位差注水器 1底部因水位差经管路进入蒸汽交换器 14内, 使 蒸汽交换器 14内的空气由顶部的蒸汽出口经管进入等压位差注水器 1顶部,再由 顶部的排气阀门口被压出; 待蒸汽交换器 14内水位达到水位、 压力、 温度自控仪 所限水位,蒸汽交换器 14底部的由电磁阀控制的冷水入口 16和蒸汽交换器 14顶 部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 22自动首先关闭, 待等压位差注水器 1内的水位也达 到所限水位时, 由电磁阀控制的有压盐水源管口 11、 等压位差注水器 1底部由电 磁阀控制的冷水入口 7、等压位差注水器 1顶部由电磁阀控制的排气阀 3等压位差 注水器 1底部由电磁阀控制的出水口 8也自动关闭;
蒸汽交换器 14上侧设有的电加热器开始自动加热, 使蒸汽交换器 14壳体内 的上部最低水位以下 10厘米处以上水, 被汽化至高压汽体, 在蒸汽交换器 14内 蒸汽压力达到工作所需压时;
蒸汽交换器 14顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 22、 蒸汽交换器 14底部的由电 磁阀控制的冷水入口 16、 等压位差注水器 1顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽入口 4、 等 压位差注水器 1底部由电磁阀控制的出水口 8再次自动同时开启, 使蒸汽交换器 14内被汽化减少的水得以补充; 而由电磁阀控制的有压盐水源管口 11、 等压位差 注水器 2底部由电磁阀控制的冷水入口 9、等压位差注水器 2顶部由电磁阀控制的 排气阀 6同时开启, 有压水被压入等压位差注水器 2内, 待达到所限水位以上三 个阀门自动关闭;
当等压位差注水器 1内的水压注尽, 等压位差注水器 1顶部由电磁阀控制的 蒸汽入口 4、 等压位差注水器 1底部由电磁阀控制的出水口 8再次自动关闭、, 等 压位差注水器 1顶部由电磁阀控制的排气口 3、等压位差注水器 1底部由电磁阀控 制的冷水入口 7和由电磁阀控制的有压盐水源管口 11同时自动开启;
而等压位差注水器 2顶部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽入口 5、等压位差注水器 1底部 由电磁阀控制的出水口 10自动开启; 待等压位差注水器 2内的水压注尽, 等压位 差注水器 1 内的水又自动继续循环交替着向蒸汽交换器 14 内补充所需蒸发的水 同时蒸汽由管路经汽轮机 24的入口 23,进入气轮机推动叶轮转动带动发电机 做功;
由汽轮机 24的出口 25压出来的高温高压蒸汽经管路, 其中一路进入与干燥 装置内的蒸馏室 29顶部壳体上的蒸馏室蒸汽入口 26, 在蒸馏室 29内放热, 冷风 和冷凝水从蒸馏室 29外底部由电磁阀控制的自动冷风阀 35和疏水器 36共用的管 口自动排出,冷凝水经管路排入下部的储水箱 46;待蒸馏室 29热饱和后蒸汽从蒸 馏室 29外中下部由电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 34经管路回流至蒸汽交换器 14内的螺 旋换热盘管 15上端的蒸汽入口 21,进入蒸汽交换器 14内的螺旋换热盘管 15内按 "闭路循环"的原理, 由上至下与蒸汽交换器 14内的冷水进行温差交换, 螺旋换 热盘管 15内的蒸汽冷凝成冷凝水经螺旋换热盘管 15下端由电磁阀控制的冷凝水 出口 17排入储水箱 46;
蒸汽交换器 14内顶部的冷水在温差交换中, 汽化为高压蒸汽, 再次循环对汽 轮机做功。
待蒸汽交换器 14内的盐水蒸馏的浓度, 达到自动控制仪所限的浓度, 蒸汽交 换器 14底部由电磁阀控制的浓盐液出口 18阀门自动开启, 经管路压入于燥装置 内干燥室 30侧上部的浓盐液入口 33,进入干燥室 30内,搅动器 31自动旋转做功, 浓盐液吸热汽化为蒸汽,经干燥室 30顶部的蒸汽出口 28与蒸馏室 29外中下部由 电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 34与蒸汽交换器 14内的螺旋换热盘管 15上端的蒸汽入口 21管相连; 干燥室 30内的浓盐液干燥成高温盐粉, 干燥室 30内底部由电磁阀控 制的高温干燥盐出口 37自动开启,从热能回收器 40顶部的高温干燥盐入口 39进 入热能回收器 40内的螺旋换热盘管 41内, 与热能回收器 40内的冷水按 "闭路循 环"的原理, 由上至下进行换热, 在螺旋换热盘管 41下端的出口处冷凝成常温盐 粉,经热能回收器 40下底部的冷却干燥盐出口 42,降入下方干燥盐储存箱 43内; 在高温干燥盐与热能回收器 40内的冷水由上至下进行换热, 生的蒸汽由热 能回收器 40顶部的蒸汽出口 38,进入与蒸熘室 29蒸汽出口 34相连的蒸汽管路中, 进入蒸汽交换器 14内换热进行温差交换, 使系统在运转中达到无能耗做功。
本发明的工作原理如下: 本发明是按照 "大自然闭路循环"规律, 利用 "热 很难向下传导现象", 将 "高温热源" 由上至下, 将 "低温热源" 由下至上、 在 交换器中无能耗地进行温差、 压差交换。 它只需一次性起动, 在运转时补充千分 之三因自身造成的热能量损失。
本发明还可以将多组蒸馏交换器生多组气轮机串连在一起组成一个或多个 大、 小不同的蒸馏发电系统。 工业应用性
本发明系统一次性启动, 运转时无污染、无噪音、无三废排放, 运转低能耗, 不仅可将污水、 海水净化为清洁的蒸馏水, 并同时提供电能, 具有工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 蒸馏发电系统, 由: 蒸熘发电装置、 干燥装置、 热能回收装置和管路及电 脑自控系统组成, 其特征在于:
所述的蒸馏发电装置由蒸馏交换器 (14), 两个等压位差注液器 (1 )、 (2)、 气轮机 (24)、 储水箱 (46) 及由电磁阀控制的管路组成:
其中所述的蒸馏交换器(14), 是由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶 的壳体, 内设有螺旋换热盘管 (15); 蒸馏交换器 (14)顶部设两个通孔, 其中一 个为蒸馏交换器 (14) 的安全阀 (141 ) 和压力表 (142) 安装及蒸汽出口 (22 ) 共用的管孔, 另一个为设在蒸馏交换器 (14) 内的螺旋换热盘管 (15 ) 上口的蒸 汽入口 (21 ) 的管孔; 在蒸熘交换器 (14) 壳体内侧上部最低水位线以下 10厘米 处设有上、下两个通孔,上通孔为蒸汽入口(12),与电加热器(122)蒸汽出口(121 ) 相连, 下通孔为出水口 (13 ), 与电加热器 (122 )冷水入口 (123)相连; 在蒸熘 交换器 (14) 底部还设叁个通孔, 其中第一个是与蒸馏交换器 (14) 内胆相通的 冷水入口 (16) 管孔, 第二个是为设在蒸馏交换器 (14) 内的螺旋换热盘管 (15 ) 螺旋换热盘管 (15) 下部的冷凝水出口 (17) 的管孔, 冷凝水出口 (17 ) 下方设 储水箱 (46), 第三个是与蒸馏交换器(14) 内胆相通由电磁阀控制的浓盐液出口 ( 18) 管孔; 另外在蒸馏交换器 (14) 壳体侧上部设一个水位、 压力、 温度自动 控制仪 (20); 在蒸馏交换器 (14) 壳体侧下部设一个盐度自动控制仪 (19); 其中所述的两个等压位差注液器(1 )、 (2), 是由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型 中空两端球顶的壳体, 在壳体球顶、 底部各设两个通孔, 顶部其一通孔为由电磁 阀控制的排气口 (3)、 (6), 另一通孔为由电磁阀控制的蒸气入口 (4)、 ( 5); 底 部其一个通孔为由电磁阀控制的与有压水源(11 ) 相连的冷水入口 (7)、 (9), 另 一通孔为由电磁阀控制的出水口 (8)、 ( 10);
其中所述气轮机(24) 由耐腐蚀金属材料制成, 设在蒸熘交换器(14)顶部, 其密封、 保温、 保压, 带动发电机做功, 气轮机 (24) 的前、 后设两个口, 前为 气轮机蒸汽入口 (23 ), 后为气轮机蒸汽出口 (25);
所述干燥装置是由蒸馏室 (29)、 干燥室 (30)、 搅动器 (31 ) 和热能回收器 (40) 及管路组成;
其中所述干燥装置是由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶的双层胆壳 体, 在双胆式壳体 (32) 中的内、 外双胆之间为蒸馏室 (29), 所述蒸馏室 (29) δ 外胆球顶部设一个蒸汽入口 (26), 蒸镏室 (29)外胆的外侧中下部设一个蒸汽出 口 (34), 在蒸馏室 (29) 外胆球底部设一个自动冷风阀 (35 ) 和疏水器 (36)共 用的管孔; 在双胆式壳体 (32) 中的内胆内为干燥室 (30 ), 在所述干燥室 (30) 内、 外胆顶部设一个蒸汽出口 (28) 和设一个浓盐液入口 (33), 在干燥室 (30) 内、 外胆底部设一个由电磁阀控制的高温干燥盐出口 (37);
其中所述搅动器 (31 )是由耐腐蚀金属材料制造, 搅动轴带螺旋片 (31 ), 搅 动轴与固定在双胆式壳体(32)顶部的减速器 (27) 相连并穿过双胆式壳体 (32 ) 伸入干燥室 (30) 内;
其中所述热能回收器 (40) 为由耐腐蚀金属材料制成的柱型中空两端球顶的 壳体, 其顶、 底部各设两个通孔, 其中一个上孔为热能回收器 (40) 的蒸汽出口 (38), 其中一个下孔为由电磁阀控制的冷水入口 (44), 在热能回收器 (40) 内 还设有上、 下两端分别穿过顶部、 底部通孔与壳体相连的螺旋换热盘管 (41 ), 上 管口为高温干燥盐入口 (39); 下管口为冷却干燥盐出口 (42)。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述蒸馏发电系统, 其特征在于:
所述的蒸馏交换器 (14) 顶部电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 (22 ) 经管路一端与等 压位差注液器 (1 )、 (2) 顶部电磁阀控制的蒸气入口 (4)、 ( 5 ) 并连, 另一端与 气轮机 (24) 的蒸汽入口 (23 ) 相连, 气轮机 (24) 的蒸汽出口 (25 ) 经管路与 干燥装置内蒸馏室 (29) 顶部的蒸汽入口 (26) 相连, 干燥室 (30) 外胆的顶部 的蒸汽出口 (28) 经管路与蒸熘交换器 (14) 内螺旋换热盘管 (15) 上端的蒸汽 入口 (21 )相连, 蒸馏交换器(14)内螺旋换热盘管(15)下端的冷凝水出口 (17) 向储水箱 (46) 排放; .
蒸馏室 (29) 侧中下部的蒸汽出口 (34) 经管路一端与热能回收器 (40) 顶 部电磁阀控制的蒸汽出口 (38 ) 相连, 另一端与蒸馏交换器 (14) 内螺旋换热盘 管 (15) 上端的蒸汽入口 (21 ) 相串连;
等压位差注液器(1 )、 (2) 的壳体球底部由电磁阀控制相并连的出水口 (8)、
( 10) 经管路与蒸馏交换器 (14)底部入水口 (16) 相连; 等压位差注液器 (1 )、 ( 2 )的壳体球底部由电磁阀控制相并连的入水口( 7 )、( 9 )经管路与有压水源( 11 ) 相连;
干燥装置内的干燥室 (30) 底部的电磁阀控制的高温干燥盐出口 (37) 经管 路与热能回收器 (40 ) 顶部高温干燥盐入口 (39) 相连, 热能回收器 (40 ) 底部 冷却干燥盐出口 (42) 下方设干燥盐储存箱 (43); 热能回收器(40)底部由电磁阀控制的冷水入口(44)经管路与有压水源 αι) 相连。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述蒸馏发电系统, 其特征在于: 整个系统全部电磁 阀和水位、 压力、 温度自动控制仪(20)、 电加热器都是由电脑系统 (45) 自控进 行交替开、 关的。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述蒸馏发电系统, 其特征在于: 整个系统的各种装 置和管路都必须由隔热材料隔热处理。
5、根据权利要求 1至 4所述蒸馏发电系统, 其特征在于: 根擴设计要求将多个 蒸馏交换器 (14) 及气轮机 (24) 串连组合成更大能量的蒸馏发电系统。
PCT/CN2003/000200 2002-03-19 2003-03-19 Systeme de production d'energie electrique par distillation WO2003078329A1 (fr)

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