LIGHT ENGINE AND VEHICLE WITH LIGHT ENGINE
The invention relates to a light engine comprising a high-pressure discharge lamp and an ignition means for igniting the discharge lamp, the ignition means being located in the vicinity of the discharge lamp.
The invention also relates to a vehicle provided with a light engine. Such light engines are known per se. They are used, inter alia, for general lighting purposes, for so-called sign and contour illumination, for signal illumination, such as in traffic lights or traffic-control systems, for example in road-marking systems for dynamically or statically controlling traffic flows. Such light engines are further used in projection illumination and in fiber-optical illumination. State-of-the-art high-pressure discharge lamps offer a long life at a relatively high efficiency. Examples of high-pressure discharge lamps are high-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps. Such discharge lamps have a very high ignition voltage and, consequently, the ignition means generate a high ignition pulse of, for example, at least 2.5 kN. High-pressure discharge lamps generally comprise an electric lamp with a pair of electrodes in an ionizable gas filling.
A light engine of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph is known in the art. A drawback of the known light engine is that the service life of the light engine is insufficient.
It is an object of the invention to wholly or partly eliminate the above disadvantage. According to the invention, a light engine of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph is for this purpose characterized in that the light engine comprises cooling means for cooling the ignition means.
In operation, the high-pressure discharge lamp not only produces light but also a substantial amount of heat. Because the ignition means are located in the vicinity of the discharge lamp, the ignition means are heated by the heat from the discharge lamp when the
discharge lamp is in operation. By cooling the ignition means the service life of the ignition means is prolonged.
In a preferred embodiment of the light engine according to the invention, the cooling means comprise a liquid. Liquid cooling generally is more efficient than air cooling. In addition, liquid cooling is more space efficient than (forced) air cooling. In general, liquid is transported through the cooling means. By employing liquid cooling means a very compact light engine can be made. A compact light engine gives the manufacturer of the light engine more freedom of design.
In a preferred embodiment of the light engine according to the invention the cooling means comprise water. Water is a very efficient cooling means. Special substances may be added to the water to enhance the efficiency of the cooling means. An example of such a special substance comprises an anti-freezing means that is added to the water cooling.
In an alternative, preferred embodiment of the light engine according to the invention the cooling means comprise oil. Oil is a very efficient cooling means and is useful, in particular, for temperatures higher than the boiling temperature of water.
In a preferred embodiment of the light engine according to the invention the cooling means are provided between the discharge lamp and the ignition means, the ignition means being in contact with the cooling means. To create a good heat insulation between the discharge lamp and the ignition means, a wall comprising the cooling means is provided between the discharge lamp and the ignition means. Preferably, the ignition means are mounted on the cooling means, thereby providing good thermal contact. The cooling means function as a heat shield between the high-pressure discharge lamp and the ignition means. In a preferred embodiment of the light engine according to the invention, the high-pressure discharge lamp comprises a mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamp. Mercury-free lamps are environmentally friendly. In governmental regulations regarding vehicle design and manufacturing, there is a tendency to require vehicles to be free of mercury. When the light engine according to the invention is employed in vehicles, the application of a mercury-free lamp helps to fulfill (future) environmental requirements.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to a number of embodiments and a drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 shows an exploded side view of an embodiment of the light engine according to the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a side view of an embodiment of the cooling means of the light engine as shown in Figure 1 ;
Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of a light engine mounted in the interior of a vehicle, and
Fig. 4 shows the temperature of the ignition means as a function of time.
The Figures are purely diagrammatic and not drawn true to scale. Some dimensions are particularly strongly exaggerated for reasons of clarity. Equivalent components have been given the same reference numerals in the Figures whenever possible.
Figure 1 shows an exploded side view of an embodiment of the light engine 10 according to the invention. The light engine 10 comprises a compact housing 1, 2 made, for example, from a (lightweight) metal, e.g. aluminum or stainless steel. The housing 1, 2 is provided with a high-pressure discharge lamp 3, in this example a compact high-pressure discharge lamp in quartz with a ionizable filling comprising Xe. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamp is employed. UN-shielding is not employed in the housing 1, 2. The high-pressure discharge lamp 3 is mounted in a reflector 4 for directing the light towards an opening 11 in the housing 1. The opening 11 is provided with a lens (not shown in Figure 1) which, preferably, is provided with an UN- shield, for example an UN-absorbing or UV-reflecting coating. In the vicinity of the high-pressure discharge lamp 3, an ignition means 5 is provided comprising starting electronics for the high-pressure discharge lamp 3. Between the two parts of the housing 1, 2 a cooling means 6 is provided for cooling the ignition means 5. The two parts of the housing 1, 2 and the cooling means 6 together form the light engine 10. By cooling the ignition means 5 the service life of the ignition means 5 is prolonged.
Figure 2 shows a side view of an embodiment of the cooling means 6 of the light engine 10 as shown in Figure 1. The high-pressure discharge lamp and the ignition means are not shown in Figure 2. The cooling means 6 in Figure 2 is a box-shaped disc functioning as a heat shield between the discharge lamp 3 and the ignition means 5. A hole 18 is provided in the cooling means 6 for connecting the high-pressure discharge lamp to the ignition means. The hole in the example of Figure 2 has a rectangular shape and is dimensioned such that the ignition means 5 fits into the hole 18 of the cooling means 6 (see Figure 1). In the example of Figure 2, connection means 11, 12 are provided for allowing cooling liquid to enter and to exit the cooling means 6. A tube 13 is provided in the cooling
means 6 for guiding the liquid through the cooling means 6. For construction purposes, spacers 21, 22 and holes 25 are provided in the cooling means 6.
Figure 3 shows a flowchart of the light engine 10 mounted in the interior of a vehicle. The light engine 10 is mounted in the vehicle, for example in the motor compartment. The light engine 10 comprises a housing 1 provided with a high-pressure discharge lamp (not shown in Figure 3). The housing 1 has an opening 11 for emitting the light of the discharge lamp. The opening 11 is connected to (bundles of) optical fibers 31 which transport the light originating from the discharge lamp towards the parts of the vehicles which emit light. By way of example, in Figure 3, the optical fibers 31 are connected to the headlight 32 of the vehicle. By selecting the number of fibers which are connected to the relevant parts of the vehicle (e.g. indicator signs, brake lights, interior lighting of the vehicle, etc.), the amount of light emitted by said parts can be selected. By incorporating suitable switching means, the various parts of the vehicle can be selected to emit the desired amount of light at the desired moment. In the example of Figure 3, the light engine 10 is provided with ignition means
5 which are electrically connected to ballast electronics 34 which is electrically connected to a battery 35 in the vehicle, hi addition, the light engine 10 is provided with cooling means 6, in this example a water-cooled heat shield. In the example of Figure 3, cooling is provided by the cooling system of the vehicle, in this example the heat radiator 36 of the vehicle. The cooling liquid stimulated by pumping means 37 is transported by tubes 38 from the heat radiator 36 to the cooling means 6. A preferred embodiment of the light engine according to the invention is characterized in that the vehicle comprises a cooling system for cooling parts of the engine of the vehicle and in that the light engine employs the cooling system of the vehicle. In an alternative embodiment, the ballast electronics is located inside the housing of the light engine. In general, it is convenient to keep the distance between the ballast electronics and the ignition means as short as possible (shorter high tension cables between the ballast electronics and the ignition means).
Experiments were performed to test the cooling capacity of the cooling means 6. Figure 4 shows the temperature T (in °C) of the ignition means 5 as a function of time t (min). The high-pressure discharge lamp 3 and the cooling means are switched on at t=0 and switched off after 150 minutes (t=150). During the experiments, the ambient temperature was approximately 20°C. Curve (a) in Figure 4 is the temperature curve of the ignition means 5 as a function of time. Curve (b) in Figure 4 is the temperature curve of the part of the housing with reference numeral 1 (see Figure 1) as a function of time, curve (c) is the temperature
curve of the part of the housing with reference numeral 2 (see Figure 1) as a function of time and curve (d) is the temperature curve of the cooling liquid as a function of time. Without cooling, the temperature of the ignition means 5 after 100 minutes has increased to above 150°C (see curve (e) in Figure 4), whereas the temperature of the housing 1, 2 reached approximately 120°C. By cooling the ignition means 5 the service life of the ignition means 5 is prolonged.
It will be obvious that many modifications are possible to those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention.
The scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the embodiments given. The invention resides in each novel characteristic and each combination of characteristics. Reference numerals in the claims do not limit the scope of protection thereof. The use of the verb "comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements other than those specified in the claims. The use of the indefinite article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.