WO2003072126A2 - Verwendung eines fibroblastenwachstumsfaktor-bindeproteins zur behandlung und diagnose von diabetischen wundheilungsstörungen - Google Patents
Verwendung eines fibroblastenwachstumsfaktor-bindeproteins zur behandlung und diagnose von diabetischen wundheilungsstörungen Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/18—Growth factors; Growth regulators
- A61K38/1825—Fibroblast growth factor [FGF]
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/1703—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- A61K38/1709—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/46—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- G01N2333/47—Assays involving proteins of known structure or function as defined in the subgroups
- G01N2333/4701—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/705—Assays involving receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- G01N2333/71—Assays involving receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants for growth factors; for growth regulators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/04—Endocrine or metabolic disorders
- G01N2800/042—Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, e.g. diabetes, glucose metabolism
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of fibroblast growth factor binding protein (FGF-BP) polypeptides or functional variants of these polypeptides or nucleic acids encoding them or functional variants thereof and / or a cell expressing a FGF-BP polypeptide or functional variants thereof for the treatment, diagnosis and / or prevention of wound healing disorders which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, in particular of diabetes-associated wounds, and on the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 1 and SEQ ID No. 3 and / or at least one nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No. 2 and SEQ LD No.
- FGF-BP fibroblast growth factor binding protein
- Various cell types migrate into the wound and release mediators of the inflammatory reaction.
- the proliferation phase serves to regenerate the injured tissue and to restructure the newly formed tissue.
- the processes involved primarily include neovascularization, fibroblast proliferation and re-epithelialization through proliferation and differentiation of a wide variety of skin cells and are controlled by a wide variety of growth factors and / or combinations thereof.
- vascularization is supported by the growth factors bFGF, VEGF and TGF-beta 1 and 2, which are released by destroyed endothelial cells or macrophages.
- ECM extracellular matrix
- Interleukin 1 TNF-beta and interferon-gamma influence the secretion of the ECM components.
- TGF-beta, PDGF, VEGF and FGF are also essential for the reorganization.
- This precisely coordinated, complex interplay of the physiological processes occurring during wound healing makes it clear that a wide variety of disorders can lead to impairments in the wound healing process. Some of these factors include age, immune disorders, nutritional deficiencies, zinc deficiency, innervation disorders, alcohol abuse or genetic defects. Severe impairments to the wound healing process can then lead to chronic wounds and ultimately to ulcers. So far, however, little satisfactory therapies have been developed to intervene in chronic wound healing disorders. Established forms of therapy are limited to physical support for wound healing (eg bandages, compresses, gels), scraping of necrotic tissue and transplantation of skin tissues, cultured skin cells and / or matrix proteins.
- venous ulcers are usually examined on a molecular basis and considered representative of chronic and / or poorly healing wounds. Under chroni see skin wounds, however, very different diseases with un- different pathogenic background summarized.
- the most common types of chronic skin wounds are diabetic ulcers, venous ulcers, neuropathic ulcers, arterial ulcers and decubitus ulcers. Ulcer pressure ulcers are very deep wounds due to long-term pressure, which are associated with necrosis, infection and maceration of the tissue.
- venous ulcers caused by venous stasis are rather superficial.
- Arterial ulcers are often caused by arterial occlusive diseases.
- Diabetic ulcers are ulcers that are common in diabetic patients.
- the late complications of diabetes include not only a variety of diseases, but also characteristic skin changes such as frequent infections, trophic disorders and necrobiosis lipoidica. These changes can develop into poorly healing ulcers.
- 25% of patients with type U diabetes often suffer from chronic ulcers (eg "diabetic foot"), about half of which require extensive inpatient treatment and ultimately heal poorly.
- the diabetic foot alone causes more hospital stays than any other complication associated with diabetes.
- the number of these cases in type I and JJ diabetes is increasing and represents approx. 2.5% of all hospital admissions.
- Biopsies from human diabetic ulcers showed the mRNA coding for FGF-BP in a significantly lower concentration than biopsies of venous ulcers or biopsies of wounds that healed normally. This proves that, in particular, diabetes-associated wound healing disorders are characterized by a reduced level of expression of the FGF-BP specifically for these diseases.
- the protein encoding nucleic acid (s) it is possible to counter FGF-BP, the protein encoding nucleic acid (s) to use an inventive polypeptide or functionally variant thereof directed antibodies and / or cells expressing the protein for a successful and effective therapy and diagnosis of diabetes-associated wounds.
- the object is therefore achieved according to the invention by using one or more FGF-BP polypeptides or nucleic acids encoding them.
- the present invention therefore relates to the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ No. 1 and SEQ No. 3 or functional variants thereof or the nucleic acid (s) coding for it according to SEQ No. 2 and SEQ No. 4 or functional variants thereof or against a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or functional variants thereof or antibodies or antibody fragments or an FGF-BP-expressing cell for the treatment, diagnosis and / or prevention of wound healing disorders which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, in particular of diabetes-associated wounds.
- a preferred diabetes-associated poorly healing wound is the diabetic ulcer.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 1 and 3 or functional variants thereof and / or at least one nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No. 2 and 4 or more functional Variants thereof or against an FGF-BP polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or functional variants thereof directed antibodies or antibody fragments and / or at least one FGF-BP polypeptide expressing cell for the identification of pharmacologically active substances which increase the function and / or the expression of the FGF-BP polypeptide and / or a nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP polypeptide Treatment and / or prevention of skin diseases characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, in particular diabetic wound healing disorders.
- a preferred use of the substances and cells mentioned is the production of a test for the detection of pharmacologically active substances in connection with skin diseases which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, in particular diabetic wound healing disorders.
- the human FGF-BP is a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 17 kD which can be present as a monomer or as a homodimer. It was originally isolated from culture medium which had been conditioned by human epidermoid carcinoma cells (Wu et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 5: 16778-16785). Furthermore, there was a strong increase in the expression of FGF-BP, especially in the early stages of spongy carcinomas, in normal and immortalized human keratinocytes, and in kidney tubules in renal diseases such as e.g. FflV-associated nephropathy or hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) was observed (Liu et al. (2001) Kidney Int., 59: 1717-1728).
- FflV-associated nephropathy or hemolytic uremic syndrome HUS
- FGF-BP is known to non-covalently and reversibly bind FGF-1 (aFGF) and FGF-2 (bFGF) (Wu et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 5: 16778-16785).
- FGF-1 and -2 belong to the family of FGF proteins, to which over 20 different proteins belong and which are expressed in various tissues.
- FGFs are so-called translocating proteins that are secreted independently of the normal secretion pathway and bind to the extracellular matrix, thereby protecting them from degradation on the one hand and forming a local reservoir of inactive protein on the other hand, which ensures strict spatial regulation of the FGF Signal path allowed.
- the release of FGF from the extracellular matrix enables FGF to bind to its receptor.
- bFGF is secreted by a wide variety of cell types, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages, and in turn exerts, either autocrine or paracrine, chemotactic and itogenic influences (Powers et al. (2000) Endocr. Relat. Cancer 7: 165-197) ,
- the first mechanism involves enzymatic cleavage by plasmin or heparanase, the second the binding to FGF-BP as a carrier protein.
- FGF-BP can thus help to increase the activity of the FGFs.
- Such a stimulating effect has so far been demonstrated exclusively for angiogenesis and proliferation in connection with tumor formation and growth.
- recombinant FGF-BP can bind directly to bFGF without cofactors, at the same time reduce the affinity of bFGF for heparin and stimulate the proliferation of 3T3 fibroblasts and endothelial cells.
- the FGF-BP is heavily involved in the development and progression of tumors and was only discussed in this context.
- FGF-BP transcripts were down-regulated by factors that control differentiation, such as retinic acid (Liaudet-Coopman et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271: 21303-21308).
- FGF-BP transcripts were up-regulated by factors that promote tumor growth, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), serum and the so-called epidermal growth factor (EGF) (see, for example, Harris et al. (1998) J Biol. Chem. 273: 19130-19139).
- TPA 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
- EGF epidermal growth factor
- FGF-BP stimulates the function of FGFs during embryogenesis in the skin and is apparently down-regulated in adult skin. Only in the early stages of carcinogenesis is a strong reexpression of FGF-BP in vivo and in vitro in the skin observed (Kurtz et al. (1997) Oncogene 14: 2671-2681). Interestingly, however, no connection between FGF-BP and the release of FGFs from the extracellular matrix to mediate proliferation and angiogenesis during impaired wound healing processes has been demonstrated or suggested, although a wound healing promoting effect of aFGF and bFGF has been shown in various animal models (Quirinia & Viidik et al. (1998) Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr.
- the poorer wound healing of diabetic patients is related to the insufficient local release of the available reserves of FGF.
- the present invention thus helps to overcome this technical prejudice that poorer wound healing in diabetic patients is due to the reduced availability of FGF and opens up the possibility of the activity of FGFs Increase wound healing disorders, especially diabetes-associated wounds, by local administration of FGF-BP.
- Wound healing and its pathological disorders in the sense of the invention are to be differentiated from skin diseases which are associated with degenerate cell development and cell differentiation, in particular skin cancer.
- skin cancer In the latter disease, individual cells are transformed, which then begins to proliferate uncontrolled, autonomously, ie isolated from interactions with other cell types, and thereby pass on the pathological changes to the daughter cells. It is therefore a disease that is associated with a loss of interactions, for example Zeil-Zeil adhesion and typical cell properties.
- wound healing disorders in the sense of the invention are based on disorders of skin cells in their physiological context. The course of wound healing can be modulated by various endogenous and exogenous factors.
- cancer can be treated surgically. This physical treatment option is possible since there are no interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding cells and tissues, so that the patient can be cured by simple excision of the tumor, whereas this is not possible in the case of wound healing disorders in the sense of the invention. Cell and / or tissue-tissue interactions cannot be eliminated by cutting out affected skin areas. That the compared diseases are diseases that are based on a fundamentally different mechanism becomes clear when one compares the therapeutic approaches. In cancer and diseases associated with degenerate cell proliferation, the therapy is aimed at killing rapidly growing cells, for example using cytostatics.
- the treatment of wound healing disorders in the sense of the invention aims at modulating the interactions between the different cell types, such as by influencing the migration, proliferation and differentiation of individual cell types.
- Wound healing disorders in the sense of the invention cannot be cured by general inactivation of proliferating cells.
- the methodological approach to identifying the invention The nucleic acids used, which are involved in wound healing and their disorders in the sense of the invention, differ significantly from methods which are suitable for identifying nucleic acids which are involved in cancer processes. The latter can be identified by analyzing differentially expressed genes of the cancer-affected cell type. Rather, the aim of the assay of the present invention is to identify genes which are involved in the complex processes of wound healing and their pathological disorders by comparing the expression in sick and healthy tissue biopsies. This method would be unsuitable for identifying cancer-relevant genes.
- “Wound healing” in the sense of the present invention is to be understood as the healing process of a mechanical injury to the skin, such as cuts, abrasions, or the rubbing of the skin, for example, by constant stress, for example pressure ulcers or necrotic processes, for example necrobiosis lipoidica.
- wound healing disorders in the context of the present invention are wounds of diabetic patients and alcoholics, wounds infected with organisms or viruses, ischemic wounds, wounds of patients with arterial occlusive diseases or venous insufficiency, and scars, preferably excessive scars, in particular keloids.
- Particularly preferred bad healing wounds are diabetic, neuropathic, venous and arterial ulcers, especially diabetes-associated wounds.
- Diabetes-associated wounds in the context of the present invention are skin wounds of non-human mammals and people with diabetes mellitus. Examples of such skin wounds are caused by diabetes. causes ulcers, for example ulcus cruris arteriosum or the necrobiosis lipoidica.
- “Activity” in the sense of the present invention is the interaction between FGF-BP polypeptides themselves (homodimers) but also between FGF-BP polypeptides and various other molecules, such as, for example, Perlecan (a heparan sulfate proteoglycan), heparin and FGF-Farnilien members such as FGF-1 or FGF-2, as well as the physiological, functional, proliferation and differentiation changes of cells and / or cell assemblies caused by them, examples of such activities can be found in Mongiat et al. (2001), J. Biol. Chem. 276: 10263-10271 and Tassi et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276: 40247-53.
- Amount of FGF-BP means both FGF-BP polypeptides and FGF-BP encoding nucleic acids, both of which are included together or individually.
- a “reduced amount of FGF-BP” in the sense of the present invention means both a reduced expression of FGF-BP polypeptides and FGF-BP encoding nucleic acids and a reduced activity of FGF-BP polypeptides.
- the term also includes FGF- Polypeptides and nucleic acids coding for FGF-BP together and each individually.
- polypeptides in the sense of the present invention encompasses polypeptides which, for example, like the polypeptides used according to the invention, are regulated during skin diseases which are associated with reduced levels of FGF-BP. 2122
- “Functional variants” in the sense of the present invention are also polypeptides that have a sequence homology, in particular a sequence identity, of approximately at least 70%, preferably approximately at least 80%, in particular approximately at least 90%, especially approximately at least 95% have the polypeptide with the amino acid sequence according to one of SEQ ID No. 1 and SEQ ID No. 3.
- Examples of such functional variants are accordingly the polypeptides homologous to a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention and which originate from organisms other than humans or the mouse, preferably from non-human mammals such as Monkeys, pigs and rats come from.
- Other examples of functional variants are polypeptides which are encoded by different alleles of the gene in different individuals or in different organs of an organism.
- Further examples of functional variants are, for example, polypeptides which are encoded by a FGF-BP-encoding nucleic acid which is derived from non-skin-specific tissue, e.g. Embryonic tissues are isolated, but after expression in a cell involved in wound healing have the designated functions.
- the activity of the polypeptide to be tested can be compared with the activity of a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention by means of functional tests.
- the polypeptide to be tested fulfills the requirements for a functional variant on the level of sequence identity, the polypeptide to be tested is a functional variant if its activity T EP03 / 02122
- These functional tests include, for example, the application of an expression vector which contains a nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide to be tested or the application of the polypeptide to be tested itself (Example 4) or an antibody directed against the polypeptide to be tested or an antisense oligonucleotide on wounds. After incubation, for example of an expression vector, the progress of wound healing upon administration of the different expression vectors containing either a nucleic acid coding for the polypeptide to be tested or a nucleic acid coding for the polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or an expression vector without an insert is compared.
- Functional variants of the polypeptide can also be parts of the polypeptide used according to the invention with a length of at least 6 amino acids, preferably with a length of at least 8 amino acids, in particular with a length of at least 12 amino acids. Also included are N- and / or C-terminal and / or internal deletions of the polypeptide used according to the invention in the range from about 1-60, preferably from about 1-30, in particular from about 1-15, especially from about 1-5 amino acids.
- the first amino acid, methionine may be absent without significantly changing the function of the polypeptide.
- the polypeptides which can be used according to the invention can furthermore be characterized in that they are produced synthetically.
- polypeptide can be synthesized using classic synthesis (Merrifield technique).
- Parts of the polypeptides according to the invention are particularly suitable for obtaining antisera by means of which suitable gene expression banks can be searched in order to arrive at further functional variants of the polypeptide according to the invention.
- Polypeptides which can be used according to the invention can be produced by generally known recombinant processes.
- the polypeptide is produced, for example, by expression of the nucleic acids according to SEQ ID Nos. 2 and 4 or functional variants thereof in a suitable expression system using methods which are generally known to the person skilled in the art. These expression systems are explained below.
- Suitable cells are, for example, the E. coli strains DHS, HB101 or BL21, the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the insect cell line Lepidopteran, e.g. from Spodoptera frugiperda, or the animal cells COS, Vero, 293, HaCaT, and HeLa, all of which are commonly available.
- the FGF-BP according to the invention has already been successfully expressed in Sf-9 insect cells ((Example 4) Tassi et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276: 40247-53).
- polypeptides which can be used according to the invention can be isolated from an organism or from tissue or cells and used according to the invention. For example, it is possible to purify polypeptides which can be used according to the invention from mammalian tissue, for example from skin or from body fluids, for example blood, serum, saliva, synovial fluid or wound fluid.
- cell lines which express polypeptides which can be used according to the invention can be produced from cells which can then be used to isolate polypeptides which can be used according to the invention. For example, expression vectors containing those according to the invention PT / EP03 / 02122
- usable nucleic acids are transformed into skin cells, for example HaCaT cells.
- the expression can be constitutive or inducible, for example.
- the FGF-BP protein according to the invention has already been successfully purified from medium conditioned by cell lines or from bovine mammary tissue (Wu et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266: 16-778-85; Wang et al. (1998 ) Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 46: 81-87; Lametsch et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275: 19469-19474).
- a further embodiment relates to the use of the FGF-BP polypeptides according to the invention, the variants of SEQ ID No. 1 and / or 3 or SEQ ID No. 2 and / or 4 being fusion proteins or nucleic acids coding for fusion proteins.
- Fusion proteins which can be used according to the invention can be produced, for example, by expressing nucleic acids which can be used according to the invention in a suitable cell.
- fusion proteins themselves already function as a polypeptide of the invention or are functional only after the fusion portion has been split off. Above all, this includes fusion proteins with a proportion of approx. 1-300, preferably approx. 1-200, in particular approx. 1-100, especially approx. 1-50 foreign amino acids.
- peptide sequences are prokaryotic peptide sequences, e.g. may be derived from the E. coli galactosidase.
- viral peptide sequences such as, for example, from bacteriophage M13, can also be used in order to generate fusion proteins for the "phage display" method known to the person skilled in the art.
- peptide sequences for fusion proteins which can be used according to the invention are peptides which facilitate the detection of the fusion proteins. These include, for example, “green fluorescent protein” (WO 95/07463) or functional variants thereof.
- a further polypeptide (“tag”) can be added to purify the proteins described above. Protein tags according to the invention allow, for example, high-affinity adsorption onto a matrix, stringent washing with suitable buffers without eluting the complex to any appreciable extent, and then targeted elution of the adsorbed complex.
- protein tags known to the person skilled in the art are a (His) 6 tag, a Myc tag, a FLAG tag, a hemagglutinin tag, glutathione transferase (GST) tag, intein with an affinity chitin binding tag tag or maltose binding protein (MBP) tag.
- His His 6 tag
- Myc FLAG tag
- FLAG hemagglutinin tag
- GST glutathione transferase
- MBP maltose binding protein
- coding nucleic acid refers to a DNA sequence according to SEQ ID No. 2 and SEQ ID No. 4, which is for an isolatable functional polypeptide according to the invention or a precursor, e.g. encoded with a signal sequence.
- the polypeptide can be encoded by a full-length sequence or any part of the coding sequence, as long as the specific, for example enzymatic, activity is retained.
- “Variants” of the nucleic acids are understood to mean all DNA sequences that are complementary to a DNA sequence that are under stringent conditions hybridize with the reference sequence and have essentially the same activity as the polypeptide encoded by the reference sequence.
- “Stringent hybridization conditions” are understood to mean those conditions in which hybridization takes place, for example, at 60 ° C. in 2.5 ⁇ SSC buffer, followed by several washing steps at 37 ° C. in a lower buffer concentration, and remains stable.
- Variants of the nucleic acid can also be parts of the nucleic acid used according to the invention with at least 8 nucleotides in length, preferably with at least 18 nucleotides in length, in particular with at least 24 nucleotides in length, particularly preferably with at least 30 nucleotides, preferably with at least 42 nucleotides.
- the nucleic acids which can be used according to the invention are preferably DNA or RNA, preferably a DNA, particularly preferably a double-stranded DNA. Furthermore, the sequence of the nucleic acids can be characterized in that it has at least one intron and / or a polyA sequence. The nucleic acids used according to the invention can also be in the form of their antisense sequence.
- nucleic acid which has been prepared synthetically can be used to carry out the invention.
- the nucleic acid used according to the invention can be synthesized chemically using the DNA sequences described in Table 1 and / or using the protein sequences also described in Table 1 using the genetic code, for example using the phosphotriester method (see, for example, Uhlmann, E. & Peyman, A. (1990) Chemical Reviews 90: 543-584). “Expression” in the sense of the present invention is to be understood as the amount of FGF-BP polypeptides and / or FGF-BP encoding nucleic acids present in a certain cell type.
- regulation is understood to mean, for example, the increase or decrease in the amount of polypeptide or the nucleic acid encoding it, this change being able to take place, for example, at the transcriptional, translational, post-transcriptional and post-translation level.
- a double-stranded DNA is generally preferred for the expression of the gene in question, the DNA region coding for the polypeptide being particularly preferred.
- this area begins with the first start codon (ATG) lying in a Kozak sequence (Kozak, 1987, Nucleic. Acids Res. 15: 8125-48) until the next stop codon (TAG, TGA or TAA), which is in the same reading frame as the ATG.
- this region begins with a conserved sequence of 6 nucleotides a few nucleotides above the start codon, the so-called Shine-Dalgarno sequence (Shine & Dalgarno, 1975, Eur. J. Biochem. 57: 221-30).
- Expression vectors can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression vectors.
- prokaryotic expression vectors for expression in E. coli are, for example, the vectors pGEM or pUC derivatives and for eukaryotic expression vectors for expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for example the vectors p426Met25 or p426GALl (Mumberg et al. (1994) Nucl. Acids Res.
- the expression vectors also contain promoters suitable for the respective cell, such as, for example, the trp promoter for expression in E. coli (see, for example, EP-B1-0 154 133), the Met 25, GAL 1 or ADH2 promoter for Expression in yeast (Rüssel et al. (1983) J. Biol. Chem.
- promoters are suitable for expression in mammalian cells, which allow a constitutive, regulatable, tissue-specific, cell cycle-specific or metabolism-specific expression in eukaryotic cells.
- Regulable elements according to the present invention are promoters, activator sequences, enhancers, silencers and or repressor sequences.
- Suitable elements which enable constitutive expression in eukaryotes are promoters which are recognized by the RNA polymerase HI or viral promoters, CMV enhancers, CMV promoters, SV40 promoters or LTR promoters e.g. from MMTV (mouse mammary tumor virus; Lee et al. (1981) Nature 214: 228-232) and further viral promoter and activator sequences derived from, for example, HBV, HCV, HSV, HPV, EBV, HTLV or HTV.
- promoters which are recognized by the RNA polymerase HI or viral promoters CMV enhancers, CMV promoters, SV40 promoters or LTR promoters e.g. from MMTV (mouse mammary tumor virus; Lee et al. (1981) Nature 214: 228-232) and further viral promoter and activator sequences derived from, for example, HBV, HCV, HSV, HPV, EBV, HT
- tissue-specific promoters skin-specific promoters such as the human K10 promoter (Bailleul et al. (1990) Cell 62: 697-708) and the human K14 promoter (Vassar et al. (1989 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 1563-67) or the bovine cytokeratin IV promoter (Fuchs et al. (1988) The biology of wool and hair (ed .: GE Rogers, et al.), S. 287-309 Chapman and Hall, London / New York) are particularly preferred.
- tissue-specific promoters skin-specific promoters
- skin-specific promoters such as the human K10 promoter (Bailleul et al. (1990) Cell 62: 697-708) and the human K14 promoter (Vassar et al. (1989 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 1563-67) or the bovine cytokeratin
- Examples of elements which enable regulatable expression in eukaryotes are the tetracycline operator in combination with a corresponding repressor (Gossen M. et al. (1994) Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 5: 516-20).
- controllable elements which enable cell cycle-specific expression in eukaryotes are promoters of the following genes: cdc25A, cdc25B, cdc25C, cyclin A, cyclin E, cdc2, E2F-1 to E2F-5, B-myb or DHFR (Zwicker J. and Müller R. (1997) Trends Genet. 13, 3-6).
- the use of cell cycle-regulated promoters is particularly preferred in cases in which the expression of the polypeptides or nucleic acids used according to the invention is to be restricted to proliferating cells.
- regulatable elements which simultaneously allow spatially and temporally limited expression are nucleic acids which code for a fusion between the sequence for the site-specific recombinase Cre and a modified estrogen receptor under the control of a tissue-specific promoter.
- the resulting tissue-specific cytoplasmic fusion protein can translocate into the cell nucleus by administration of the estrogen analog tamoxifen and generate recombinations which lead to altered gene expression (Feil et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93: 10887-90).
- the nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No. 2 and 4 or functional Variants thereof are used in the form of an expression vector, in particular a vector which is active in gene therapy.
- the nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP can be present in a “shuttle” vector, phage id, cosmid, plasmid or as part of a viral or non-viral vector.
- viral vectors baculoviruses, vaccinia viruses, adenoviruses, Adeno-associated viruses and herpes viruses:
- non-viral vectors virosomes, liposomes, cationic lipids, or poly-lysine-conjugated DNA.
- a gene-therapeutic vector contains wound- or skin-specific regulatory sequences which are functionally linked to the nucleic acid described above.
- the part of the nucleic acid which codes for the polypeptide contains one or more non-coding sequences including intron sequences, preferably between the promoter and the start codon of the polypeptide, and / or one contains polyA sequence, in particular the naturally occurring polyA sequence or an SV40 virus polyA sequence, especially at the 3 'end of the gene, since this can stabilize the mRNA (Example 3; Palmiter et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 478-482; Jackson (1993) Cell 74: 9-14).
- " ⁇
- a “gene therapeutic vector” in the sense of the present invention is to be understood as a nucleic acid into which a nucleic acid which can be used according to the invention can be integrated and which is subsequently introduced into a cell and in which the missing or defective expression of the nucleic acid according to the invention is supplemented or replaced.
- vectors which are active in gene therapy are virus vectors, for example adenovirus vectors or retroviral vectors (Lindemann et al. (1997), Mol. Med. 3: 466-76; Springer et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. 2: 549-58).
- virus vectors for example adenovirus vectors or retroviral vectors
- eukaryotic expression vectors are suitable for gene therapy use, since naked DNA can penetrate skin cells when applied topically (Hengge et al. (1996) J. Clin. Invest. 97: 2911-6; Yu et al. (1999 J. Invest. Dermatol. 112: 370-5).
- Gene therapy-effective vectors can also be obtained by complexing the nucleic acids described above with liposomes, since this enables a very high transfection efficiency, in particular of skin cells, to be achieved (Alexander and Akhurst, 1995, Hum. Mol. Genet. 4: 2279- 85).
- lipofection small unilamellar vesicles are made from cationic lipids by ultrasound treatment of the liposome suspension.
- the DNA is bound ionically on the surface of the liposomes in such a ratio that a positive net charge remains and the plasmid DNA is 100% complexed by the liposomes.
- Examples of the new lipid formulations are DOTAP N- [l- (2,3- Dioleoyloxy) propyl] -N, N, N-trimethylammonium ethyl sulfate or DOGS (TRANSFECTAM; dioctadecylamidoglycyl spermine).
- Excipients that increase the transfer of nucleic acids into the cell can be, for example, proteins or peptides that are bound to DNA or synthetic peptide-DNA molecules that enable the transport of the nucleic acid into the nucleus of the cell (Schwanz et al. ( 1999) Gene Therapy 6: 282; Branden et al. (1999) Nature Biotech. 17: 784).
- Excipients also include molecules that enable the release of nucleic acids into the cytoplasm of the cell (Planck et al. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269: 12918; Kichler et al. (1997) Bioconj. Chem. 8: 213) or for example liposomes (Uhlmann and Peymann (1990) supra).
- gene therapy vectors can be obtained by applying the nucleic acid described above to gold particles and using the so-called “gene gun” to shoot them into tissue, preferably into the skin, or cells (Wang et al . (1999) J. Invest. Dermatol. 112: 775-81, Tuting et al. (1998) J. invest. Dermatol. 111: 183-8).
- a further embodiment of a gene therapy-effective vector which can be used according to the invention can be produced by introducing "bare" expression vectors into a biocompatible matrix, for example a collagen matrix.
- This matrix can be introduced into wounds in order to transfect the immigrating cells with the expression vector and to express the polypeptides according to the invention in the cells (Goldstein and Banadio, US Pat. No. 5,962,427).
- Wound healing disorders in particular wounds associated with diabetes, can be treated in a conventional manner, for example by dressings, plasters, compresses or gels, which contain the medicaments according to the invention. It is thus possible to use suitable additives or auxiliary substances such as physiological cooking Saline, demineralized water, stabilizers, proteinase inhibitors, gel formulations, such as white petroleum jelly, low-viscosity paraffin and / or yellow wax, etc., to be administered topically and locally in order to immediately and immediately influence wound healing.
- suitable additives or auxiliary substances such as physiological cooking Saline, demineralized water, stabilizers, proteinase inhibitors, gel formulations, such as white petroleum jelly, low-viscosity paraffin and / or yellow wax, etc.
- the medicaments according to the invention can also be administered topically and locally in the area of the wound, optionally in the form of liposome complexes or gold particle complexes.
- the treatment can be carried out by means of a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS), which enables a time-controlled delivery of the medicinal products which can be used according to the invention.
- TTS transdermal therapeutic system
- Treatment by means of the medicaments which can be used according to the invention can, however, also take place via oral dosage forms, such as tablets or capsules, via the mucous membranes, for example the nose or the oral cavity, or in the form of disposers implanted under the skin.
- TTS are known for example from EP 0 944398, EP 0916336, EP 0889723 or EP 0852493.
- a drug is particularly suitable which contains the nucleic acids described in the naked form or in the form of one of the gene therapy vectors described above or in a form complexed with liposomes or gold particles.
- the pharmaceutical carrier is, for example, a physiological buffer solution, preferably with a pH of approximately 6.0-8.0, preferably approximately 6.8-7.8, in particular approximately 7.4 and / or osmolarity from about 200-400 milliosmol / liter, preferably from about 290-310 milliosmol / liter.
- the pharmaceutical carrier can contain suitable stabilizers, e.g. Nuclease inhibitors, preferably complexing agents such as EDTA and / or other auxiliaries known to those skilled in the art.
- a preferred embodiment of a medicament according to the present invention is to polypeptide itself with suitable additives or auxiliaries, such as, for example, physiological saline, demineralized water, stabilizers, proteinase inhibitors, gel formulations, such as, for example, white petroleum jelly, low-viscosity paraffin and / or yellow wax, etc. . to administer, in order to influence the wound healing immediately and immediately (Example 4).
- suitable additives or auxiliaries such as, for example, physiological saline, demineralized water, stabilizers, proteinase inhibitors, gel formulations, such as, for example, white petroleum jelly, low-viscosity paraffin and / or yellow wax, etc. .
- a further preferred embodiment of a medicament according to the present invention consists in the use of an antibody directed against a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention and which increases or supports the activity of the FGF-BP.
- an antibody directed against a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention and which increases or supports the activity of the FGF-BP.
- such an antibody could positively influence the release of FGF and contribute to the treatment and prevention of wound healing disorders, which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP.
- a pharmaceutical according to the present invention consists in the transplantation of autologous or allogeneic cells which express and secrete the FGF-BP polypeptide according to the invention with the aid of a suitable carrier material, e.g. so-called microcarriers, which consist of biocompatible materials, such as a dextran matrix (US 5,980,888).
- a suitable carrier material e.g. so-called microcarriers, which consist of biocompatible materials, such as a dextran matrix (US 5,980,888).
- a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is the use of a cell which, with a vector or knock-out gene construct which can be used according to the invention, for the diagnosis and / or treatment and / or prevention of wound healing disorders, in particular diabetes-associated wounds, and transformed to identify pharmacologically active substances.
- Cells can be both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, examples of prokaryotic cells are E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae or insect cells for eukaryotic cells.
- Cells which express an FGF-BP polypeptide according to the invention or functional variants thereof or antibodies or antibody fragments directed against FGF-BP polypeptides according to the invention or functional variants thereof are e.g. human, non-embryonic, autologous or allogeneic cells.
- the cells mentioned are preferably skin cells, in particular keratinocytes, fibroblasts or endothelial cells.
- a particularly preferred transformed cell which can be used according to the invention is a transgenic embryonic non-human stem cell which is characterized in that it contains at least one knock-out gene construct which can be used according to the invention and or at least one expression cassette which can be used according to the invention, as described above.
- Methods for transforming cells and / or stem cells are well known to those skilled in the art and include, for example, electroporation or microinjection.
- a further preferred embodiment according to the present invention relates to the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 1 and 3 or functional variants thereof and / or at least one nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No.
- the pharmacologically active substances mentioned can be organic and inorganic substances which modulate, in particular activate, the activity and / or the expression of the FGF-BP protein and / or DNA. These organic or inorganic pharmacologically active substances can be used as medicaments by application as described above. Examples of such activating substances can be found in Harris et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275: 10802-10811.
- the present invention further relates to the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 1 and 3 or a functional variant thereof and / or at least one nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No. 2 and 4 or functional variants thereof or against an FGF-BP polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or functional variants thereof, antibodies or antibody fragments and / or at least one cell expressing FGF-BP polypeptide, optionally combined or together with suitable additives and auxiliaries, for the preparation of a test for the detection of pharmacologically active substances Substances related to skin disorders that are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, especially diabetes-associated wounds.
- pharmacologically active substances within the meaning of the present invention is to be understood as all those molecules, compounds and / or compositions and mixtures of substances which contain the nucleic acids, polypeptides, antibodies or antibody fragments described above, optionally together with suitable additives and Excipients can interact under suitable conditions.
- Possible pharmacologically active substances are simple chemical organic or inorganic molecules or compounds, but can also include nucleic acids, peptides, proteins or complexes thereof.
- the pharmacologically active substances can influence the function (s) of the nucleic acids, polypeptides or antibodies in vivo or in vitro or can only bind to the previously described nucleic acids, polypeptides, antibodies or antibody fragments or other interactions with them covalently or non-covalently Wise.
- examples of pharmacologically active substances are also organic molecules that come from substance libraries that have been checked for their pharmacological activity.
- Preferred pharmacologically active substances according to the present invention are those which have an activating effect.
- the tests for the detection of pharmacologically active substances of the FGF-BP assay according to the invention include those which influence the expression of genes and are generally known to the person skilled in the art (see, for example, Sivaraja et al. (2001) US 6,183,956).
- cells that express FGF-BP for example skin cells
- a possible test system is the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, which is generally available.
- Gene expression is analyzed, for example, at the mRNA or protein level.
- the amount of FGF-BP mRNA and / or protein is measured after adding one or more substances to the cell culture and compared with the corresponding amount in a control culture. This is done, for example, with the help of hybridization of an antisense probe with the mRNA of an FGF-BP according to the invention contained in the lysate of the cells.
- the hybridization can be quantified, for example, by binding a specific antibody to the mRNA probe complex (see Stuart & Frank, 1998, US 4,732,847). It is possible to carry out the analysis using the high-throughput method. and to analyze a large number of substances for their suitability as a modulator of the expression of FGF-BP (Sivaraja et al. (2001) US 6,183,956).
- the substances to be analyzed can be found in substance libraries (see for example DE 19816414, DE 19619373), which can contain several thousand, often very heterogeneous substances.
- the total RNA or mRNA can first be isolated from cells and then the absolute amount or the relative proportion of the mRNA of FGF-BP, for example with the aid of quantitative RT-PCR (see EP 0 200 362; Wittwer, 1997, Bio Techniques 22: 130-138; Morrison et al. (1998) Bio Techniques 24: 954-62) or the RNase Protection Assay (see e.g. Sambrook et al. (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, Chapter 7; EP 0 063 879).
- Another possibility is to analyze the amount of protein in the cell lysate with antibodies that specifically recognize FGF-BP.
- the quantification can be carried out here, for example, using an ELISA or a Western blot, which are generally known.
- the influence of the substances on the expression of the FGF-BP can be compared with the influence on the expression of other genes, such as genes of metabolism such as GAPDH or cyclophilin.
- Assays which are suitable for identifying substances which have as little influence as possible on the expression of one or more control genes, such as, for example, GAPDH or cyclophilin, are particularly preferred (see, for example, WO 00/05416).
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of FGF-BP polypeptides for the identification of pharmacologically active substances which increase the activity of FGF-BP with the aid of screening methods.
- FGF-BP polypeptides for the identification of pharmacologically active substances which increase the activity of FGF-BP with the aid of screening methods.
- two-hybrid system Fields and Sternglanz, 1994, Trends in Genetics, 10, 286-292; Colas and Brent, 1998 TB3TECH, 16, 355-363.
- cells are transformed with expression vectors, the fusion proteins from the polypeptide according to the invention and one Express the DNA binding domain of a transcription factor such as Gal4 or LexA.
- the transformed cells also contain a reporter gene, the promoter of which contains binding sites for the corresponding DNA binding domain.
- the expression of the reporter gene can be greatly increased if the second fusion protein interacts with the polypeptide according to the invention. acts.
- This increase in expression can be used to identify new pharmacologically active substances, for example by producing a cDNA library from regenerating tissue for the construction of the second fusion protein.
- this test system can be used for the raster examination of substances that inhibit an interaction between the polypeptide according to the invention and an interactor.
- a nucleic acid encoding FGF-BP can be integrated into the expression vectors both in sense and in antisense orientation, so that the functional concentration of mRNA of the corresponding genes in the cells is either increased or reduced by hybridization with the antisense RNA.
- the proliferation behavior of cells can be very quickly determined by e.g. the incorporation of labeled nucleotides into the DNA of the cells (see, for example, Savino and Dardenne, 1985, J. immunol. Methods 85: 221-6; Perros and Weightman, 1991, Cell Prolif. 24: 517-23; de Fries and Mitsuhashi, 1995, J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 9: 89-95), by staining the cells with specific dyes (Schulz et al. (1994) J. Immunol.
- Methods 167: 1-13) or by immunological methods (Frahm et al. (1998) J. Immunol. Methods 211: 43-50).
- Migration can be easily carried out using the "Migration Index" test (Charvat et al., Supra) and comparable test systems (Benestad et al. (1987) Cell Tissue Kinet. 20: 109-19, Junge et al. (1993) J. Immunol. Methods 160: 73-9).
- Suitable differentiation markers are e.g. Keratin 6, 10 and 14 as well as loricrin and involucrin (Rosenthal et al. (1992) J. Invest. Dermatol. 98: 343-50), the expression of which e.g. easy to detect using commonly available antibodies.
- the changes in cell activities compared to a control experiment, in which cells were transfected with an empty expression vector, for example, can be used to investigate the efficiency of modulators.
- test system can be based on the fact that at least one FGF-BP polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or functional variants thereof or nucleic acids coding therefor or variants thereof, or against T EP03 / 02122
- Measurable usable polypeptides or functional variants thereof directed antibodies or antibody fragments are bound to a solid phase and at least one substance is tested for its pharmacological activity, for example binding or change in conformation.
- Suitable systems such as affinity chromatography and fluorescence spectroscopy are known to the person skilled in the art.
- a bond between an FGF-BP according to the invention and heparin has already been successfully demonstrated with the aid of heparin-copper affinity chromatography (Wang et al. (1998) Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 46: 81-87).
- the solid phase-bound polypeptides or functional variants thereof which can be used according to the invention or nucleic acids encoding them or a variant thereof or antibodies or antibody fragments which are directed against a polypeptide or a functional variant thereof which can be used according to the invention can also be part of an array.
- Methods for producing such arrays using solid-phase chemistry and photolabile protective groups are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 5,744,305. These arrays can also be brought into contact with substances or substance libraries and tested for interaction, for example binding or change in conformation.
- a substance to be tested can contain a detectable marker, for example the substance can be radioactively labeled, fluorescence-labeled or luminescence-labeled.
- substances can be coupled to proteins that allow indirect detection, for example via enzymatic catalysis using a peroxidase assay with a chromogenic substrate or by binding a detectable antibody. Another possibility is to examine the array-bound protein complexes using mass specrometry (SELDI). Changes in the conformation of a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention by interaction with a test substance can be achieved, for example, by changing the fluorescence of an endogenous one Tryptophanrestes are detected in the polypeptide.
- Pharmacologically active substances of the polypeptides which can be used according to the invention can also be nucleic acids which are obtained via selection methods, such as SELEX (see Jayasena, 1999, Clin. Chem. 45: 1628-50; Klug and Famulok, 1994, M. Mol. Biol. Rep. 20 : 97-107; Toole et al. (1996) US 5,582,981).
- SELEX see Jayasena, 1999, Clin. Chem. 45: 1628-50; Klug and Famulok, 1994, M. Mol. Biol. Rep. 20 : 97-107; Toole et al. (1996) US 5,582,981).
- SELEX selection methods
- those molecules that bind to a polypeptide with high affinity (aptamers) that can be used according to the invention are typically isolated from a large pool of different, single-stranded RNA molecules by repeated amplification and selection.
- Aptamers can also be synthesized and selected in their mirror image form, for example as L-ribonucleotide (Nolte et al. (1996) Nat. Biotechnol. 14: 1116-9; Klussmann et al. (1996) Nat. Biotechnol. 14 : 1112-5). Forms isolated in this way have the advantage that they are not degraded by naturally occurring ribonucleases and therefore have greater stability.
- oligonucleotides are rapidly degraded by endo- or exonucleases, in particular by DNases and RNases occurring in the cell. It is therefore advantageous to modify the nucleic acid in order to stabilize it against degradation so that a high concentration of the nucleic acid in the cell is maintained over a long period of time (Beigelman et al. (1995) Nuclear Acids Res. 23: 3989-94; Dudycz (1995) WO 95/11910; Macadam et al. (1998) WO 98/37240; Reese et al. (1997) WO 97/29116).
- Such stabilization can be obtained by introducing one or more internucleotide phosphor groups or by introducing one or more non-phosphor internucleotides.
- Suitable modified internucleotides are summarized in Uhlmann and Peymann (1990 Chem. Rev. 90, 544) (see also Beigelman et al. (1995) Nucleic Acids Res. 23: 3989-94; Dudycz (1995) WO 95/11910; Macadam et al. (1998) WO 98/37240; Reese et al. (1997) WO 97/29116).
- Modified internucleotide phosphate residues and / or non-phosphorus bridges in a nucleic acid which can be used in one of the uses according to the invention contain, for example, methylphosphonate, phosphorothioate, phosphoramidate, phosphorodithioate and / or phosphate ester, while non-phosphorus internucleotide analogs, for example siloxane bridges, carbonate bridges, carboxymethyl esters, acetamidate bridges and / or thioether bridges. It is also intended that this modification improve the shelf life of a pharmaceutical composition that can be used in one of the uses of the invention.
- nucleic acid sequences according to the invention can reduce the expression of the corresponding genes in cells both in vivo and in vitro.
- a single-stranded DNA or RNA is preferred for use as a probe or as an “antisense” oligonucleotide.
- the effects of the modulation of an FGF-BP which can be used according to the invention or of the identified pharmacologically active substances which can be used according to the invention can be investigated by means of various test systems which determine the activity of the cells and cell assemblies in vitro and in vivo.
- nucleic acids encoding the FGF-BP according to the invention can be contained in "knock-out" gene constructs or expression cassettes.
- knock-out gene constructs are known to the person skilled in the art, for example, from US Patents 5,625,122; US 5,698,765; US 5,583,278 and US 5,750,825.
- Transgenic non-human mammals the genome of which contains at least one “knock-out” gene construct that can be used according to the invention and / or at least one expression cassette that can be used according to the invention as described above, can be used to diagnose and / or prevent and / or treat wound healing disorders, in particular diabetes-associated wounds or for the identification of pharmacologically active substances
- transgenic animals which contain one of the expression cassettes described above generally show, depending on the promoter used, a tissue-specific increased expression of the nucleic acids and / or polypeptides and can be used for the analysis of
- an Activin A transgenic mouse exhibits improved wound healing (Münz et al. (1999) EMBO J.
- transgenic mice 18: 5205-15
- a transgenic mouse with a dominant negative KGF receptor exhibits delayed wound healing
- the transgenic animals described above can be equipped with accelerated wound healing.
- transgenic animals in particular transgenic mice
- Processes for the production of transgenic animals are likewise known to those skilled in the art from DE 196 25 049 and US Pat. No. 4,736,866; US 5,625,122; US 5,698,765; US 5,583,278 and US 5,750,825 knows and encompass transgenic animals that, for example, via direct injection of expression vectors (see above) into embryos or spermatocytes, via the transfection of expression vectors into embryonic stem cells
- Doetschman Gene Transfer in Embryonic Stem Cells, pages 115 to 146 in Pinkert, 1994, supra
- Wood Retrovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer, pages 147 to 176 in Pinkert, 1994, supra
- Monastersky Gene Transfere Technology:
- nucleic acids which can be used according to the invention are integrated into so-called “targeting” vectors or “knock-out” gene constructs (Pinkert, 1994, supra), after transfection of embryonic stem cells and homologous recombination, for example knock-out mice can be generated, which are generally known as heterozygous mice show reduced expression of the nucleic acid, while homozygous mice no longer show expression of the nucleic acid.
- the animals produced in this way can also be used to analyze wound healing disorders.
- the eNOS- Lee et al. (1999) Am. J. Physiol. 277: H1600-H1608
- Nf-1 Atit et al. (1999) J. Invest.
- FGF-BP protein according to the invention can, for example, also be used for screening, for identifying pharmacologically active substances or for testing the modulation efficiency of genetically therapeutically active vectors.
- the present invention further relates to the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 1 and 3 or functional variants thereof and / or nucleic acids coding for FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 2 and 4 or a variant thereof, which can be used according to the invention, or against an FGF-BP polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or functional variants thereof, directed antibodies or antibody fragments and / or at least one cell expressing FGF-BP polypeptide, optionally combined or together with suitable additives and auxiliaries, for the production of a diagnostic agent for the diagnosis of wound healing disorders which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, especially diabetes-associated wounds.
- a diagnostic on the basis of the polymerase chain reaction (examples 1 and 2, PCR diagnostics, for example according to EP 0 200 362) or an RNase protection assay (see for example Sambrook et al ., supra chapter 7, page 7.71-7.78; Werner et al. (1992) Growth Factors and Receptors: A Practical Apachach 175-197; Werner (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Be. USA 89: 6896-6900).
- These tests are based on the specific hybridization of a nucleic acid with its complementary counter strand, usually the corresponding mRNA or its cDNA.
- nucleic acids which can be used according to the invention can also be modified here, as disclosed, for example, in EP 0 063 879.
- a DNA fragment is preferably labeled by means of suitable reagents, for example radioactive with .beta.-P-dCTP or non-radioactive with biotin or digoxigenin, according to generally known methods and with isolated RNA which is preferably previously attached to suitable membranes made of, for example, nitrocellulose or Nylon was bound, incubated.
- suitable reagents for example radioactive with .beta.-P-dCTP or non-radioactive with biotin or digoxigenin
- isolated RNA which is preferably previously attached to suitable membranes made of, for example, nitrocellulose or Nylon was bound, incubated.
- the amount of mRNA that was specifically labeled by the probe can thus be determined.
- the amount of mRNA can also be determined directly in tissue sections with the aid of in situ hybridization (see, for example, Werner
- the expression level of the respective gene in a tissue sample can be specifically measured in vitro, for example in order to be able to reliably diagnose a wound healing disorder (Table 3).
- a wound healing disorder Table 3
- Such a method is particularly suitable for the early prognosis of disorders or for determining a predisposition for the development of a wound healing disorder, characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, in particular diabetes-associated wounds.
- a diagnostic agent which can be used according to the invention for diagnosing skin diseases which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP comprises, for example, the use of at least one nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP or a functional variant thereof according to SEQ ID No. 2 and 4 and / or functional variants thereof as a probe, preferably as a DNA probe and / or as a primer.
- a probe in the sense of the present invention dung is a defined DNA or RNA fragment, which is radioactive or chemically labeled and is used to localize specific nucleic acid sequences by hybridization.
- a primer in the sense of the present invention is a short DNA sequence which contains a free 3 'hydroxyl group and binds to a complementary strand.
- the primer is then the starting point for the copy of the complementary strand.
- Another embodiment of the invention relates to the use of an antibody or antibody fragment, preferably a polyclonal or monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment for analysis, diagnosis, of wound healing disorders, which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, and its use for the identification of pharmacologically active substances, characterized in that an antibody-producing organism is immunized with a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention.
- an antibody or antibody fragment preferably a polyclonal or monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment for analysis, diagnosis, of wound healing disorders, which are characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP, and its use for the identification of pharmacologically active substances, characterized in that an antibody-producing organism is immunized with a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention.
- the method for producing an antibody or antibody fragment is carried out according to methods generally known to the person skilled in the art by immunizing a mammal, for example a rabbit, with the polypeptide according to the invention or functional variants thereof, preferably with parts thereof, with at least 6 Amino acids in length, preferably with at least 8 amino acids in length, in particular with at least 12 amino acids in length, optionally in the presence of, for example, Freund's adjuvant and / or aluminum hydroxide gels (see, for example, Diamond, BA et al. (1981) The New England Journal of Medicine: 1344-1349 ).
- the polyclonal antibodies produced in the animal as a result of an immunological reaction can then be easily isolated from the blood by generally known methods and purified, for example, by column chromatography.
- Monoclonal antibodies can be produced, for example, by the known method from Winter & Milstein (Winter, G. & Milstein, C. (1991) Nature, 349, 293-299).
- so-called “anticalins” based on lipocalin can be used, for example (Beste et al. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA, 96: 1898-1903).
- the antibody or the antibody fragment which can be used according to the invention is directed against a polypeptide according to the invention and reacts specifically with the polypeptides according to the invention, the abovementioned parts of the polypeptide either being themselves immunogenic or rendered immunogenic or by coupling to suitable carriers, such as, for example, bovine serum albumin can be increased in their immunogenicity.
- This antibody which can be used according to the invention is either polyclonal or monoclonal, a monoclonal antibody is preferred.
- the term antibody or antibody fragment also means genetically engineered and, where appropriate, modified antibodies or anti-gene-binding parts thereof, such as, for example, chimeric Antibodies, humanized antibodies, multifunctional antibodies, bi- or oligo-specific antibodies, single-stranded antibodies, F (ab) - or F (ab) 2 - fragments (see, for example, EP-B1-0 368 684, US 4,816,567, US 4,816,397, WO 88/01649, WO 93/06213, WO 98/24884).
- Antibodies against the FGF-BP according to the invention have already been successfully produced and used (Liu et al. (2001) Kidney Int., 59: 1717-1728; Sauter et al. (2001) Int. J. Cancer 92: 374- 381).
- the substances can contain a detectable marker, for example the substance can be radioactively marked, fluorescence-marked or luminescence-marked.
- substances can be coupled to enzymes that allow indirect detection, for example, as described above, via enzymatic catalysis using a peroxidase assay with a chromogenic substrate or by binding a labeled or detectable antibody.
- the substances can then be brought into contact with a sample to be examined and thus the amount of a polypeptide or a functional variant thereof which can be used according to the invention or nucleic acid coding for this or a variant thereof or a polypeptide or a functional variant thereof which can be used according to the invention or a nucleic acid encoding this or a variant expressing it or an antibody directed against a polypeptide which can be used according to the invention or an antibody fragment in the sample.
- the results of this sample which comes from an organism to be examined, can then be compared with the result of a sample, which comes from a healthy or diseased organism.
- the invention further relates to the use of at least one polypeptide or a functional variant thereof which can be used according to the invention or nucleic acid coding therefor or a variant thereof or an antibody or an antibody fragment which is directed against a polypeptide or a functional variant thereof which can be used according to the invention. if combined or together with suitable additives and auxiliary substances, for the production of an array fixed on a carrier material for analysis in connection with wound healing disorders which are characterized by a lack of FGF-BP, in particular diabetes-associated, poorly healing wounds.
- DNA chips and / or protein chips which have at least one nucleic acid, at least one polypeptide and / or comprise at least one antibody or antibody fragment as described above.
- DNA chips are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 5,837,832.
- the present invention further relates to the use of at least one FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 1 or SEQ ID No. 3 or functional variants thereof and / or at least one nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No. 2 or SEQ ID No. 4 or functional variants thereof and / or antibodies or antibody fragments directed against an FGF-BP polypeptide or functional variants thereof and / or a cell expressing an FGF-BP polypeptide or a functional variant thereof for the production of a medicament for the treatment and / or prevention of diabetes-associated wound healing disorders or for the diagnosis of diabetes-associated wound healing disorders.
- the nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP or functional variants can be in the form of an expression vector, in particular a gene therapy active men vector. If FGF-BP polypeptide or a functional variant thereof is used, it is preferably a recombinant polypeptide which is ideally obtained from bacteria such as E. coli, yeasts such as S. cerevisiae or Schizosaccharomyces pombe or viruses, in particular baculoviruses.
- the diabetes-associated wound is particularly preferably a poorly healing wound, in particular a diabetic ulcer.
- the invention further relates to a method for the treatment of wound healing disorders, in particular diabetes-associated wound healing disorders, which are not necessarily characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP.
- the method comprises the step (i) administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of FGF-BP polypeptide, a nucleic acid coding for FGF-BP, and / or an antibody directed against an FGF-BP. If necessary, the amount of FGF-BP in a wound or on the edge of the wound can be determined before or after administration.
- Table 2 shows the kinetics of the differential regulation of FGF-BP expression in the wound healing of normal and diabetic mice, determined by means of "Taq-Man" analysis, as an example of a wound healing disorder which is associated with a lack of FGF-BP.
- Table 3 shows a comparison of the differential regulation of FGF-BP expression in three different wound healing states in humans (Taq-Man analysis) (normal wound healing, venous and diabetic ulcer) as an example of the selectively occurring in diabetic patients Predisposition to a wound healing disorder caused by a lack of FGF-BP.
- Table 4 shows results of tensile strength measurements made on wounds treated with FGF-BP expression plasmid on diabetic rats.
- Table 5 shows results of tear strength measurements made on wounds treated with FGF-BP polypeptide on diabetic rats.
- polypeptide sequences of the murine and human FGF-BP are listed in accordance with SEQ ID No. 1 to SEQ ID No. 4.
- oligonucleotides used for the examples are listed in accordance with SEQ ID No. 5 to SEQ ID No. 12.
- Example 1 Differential expression of the FGF-BP mRNA in human biopsies from healthy skin and wounds from healthy volunteers, as well as biopsies of venous and diabetic ulcers
- the first experiment was to investigate the extent to which the expression of FGF-BP is regulated in various wound healing diseases.
- skin samples were taken from 6 healthy subjects from untreated intact skin, from wounds 1 hour after wounding, from day 1 wounds, and from day 5 and day 15 wounds using 4 mm or 6 mm punches and biopsies were pooled at any time.
- punch biopsies were taken from 6 patients with chronic venous ulcers as well as from 4 patients with diabetic ulcers simultaneously from intact skin as well as from the wound base and wound edge and then each group (intact skin, wound base, wound edge) was pooled for itself.
- RNA was isolated from all biopsies.
- RNAclean buffer AGS, Heidelberg
- 2-mercaptoethanol 1/100 part by volume of 2-mercaptoethanol had been added
- ADS RNAclean buffer
- the RNA was then extracted by phenolization twice using water-saturated acidic phenol and in the presence of l-bromo-3-chloropropane.
- An isopropanol and an ethanol precipitation were then carried out and the RNA was washed with 75% ethanol.
- a DNase I digestion of the RNA was then carried out.
- the cDNA was then produced from the extracted RNA. This was done in the presence of 1 x TaqMan RT buffer (Perkin Elmer), 5.5 mM MgCl 2 (Perkin Elmer), each 500 ⁇ M dNTPs (Perkin Elmer), 2.5 ⁇ M random hexamers (Perkin Elmer), 1.25 U / ⁇ l MultiScribe Reverse Transcriptase (50 U / ⁇ l Perkin Elmer), 0.4 U / ⁇ l RNase Inhibitor (20 U / ⁇ l, Perkin Elmer), 20 ⁇ l RNA (50 ng / ⁇ l) and DEPC-treated water (ad 100 ⁇ l volume).
- the stock solution for each triplet contained 37.5 ⁇ l of 2 x SYBR Master Mix, 0.75 ⁇ l of AmpErase UNG (1 U / ⁇ l) and 18.75 ⁇ l of DEPC-treated water for a total volume of 57 ⁇ l.
- 1.5 ⁇ l of forward and backward primers (according to SEQ ID No. 5 and SEQ ID No. 6) were added to 57 ⁇ l stock solution in a previously optimized concentration ratio.
- each of the stock solution / primer mixture was mixed with 15 ⁇ l cDNA solution (2 ng / ⁇ l) and distributed over three wells.
- a stock solution with primers for the determination of cyclophilin A (SEQ ID No. 7 and SEQ ID No. 8) was prepared, mixed with a further 15 ⁇ l of the same cDNA solution and distributed over three wells.
- cDNA solutions were prepared as a dilution series (4 ng / ⁇ l; 2 ng / ⁇ l; 1 ng / ⁇ l; 0.5 ng / ⁇ l and 0.25 ng / ⁇ l ). 15 ⁇ l of each of these cDNA solutions were mixed with 60 ⁇ l stock solution / primer mixture for the determination of cyclophilin and distributed over three wells.
- a standard curve for human FGF-BP-PCR was also created; the same dilutions used for the standard cyclophilin curve were used.
- a PCR approach without cDNA served as a control.
- a standard curve was first created by plotting the Or values of the dilution series against the logarithm of the amount of cDNA in the PCR approach (RNA transcribed in ng) and determining the slope (s) of the straight line.
- the numerical values were then normalized by setting the amount of cDNA from intact skin of healthy volunteers 1.
- the results of this experiment show that a promising therapy for the wound healing disorder, in particular diabetes-associated wounds, can consist in locally increasing the amount and / or activity of the FGF-BP polypeptides and / or nucleic acids and thus achieving improved wound healing.
- the results further show that the increased FGF-BP expression in ulcer patients, in particular at the wound edge, compared to intact normal skin of healthy patients, is still significantly below the expression values in wounds of healthy patients. It follows from this that patients, in particular ulcer patients, who do not show a reduced expression of FGF-BP per se, can also be treated with FGF-BP.
- Example 2 Differential expression of FGF-BP in murine wounds
- FGF-BP is indeed particularly suitable for the treatment, diagnosis and / or prevention of wound healing disorders, which are characterized by a deficiency in FGF-BP, in particular of diabetes-associated poorly healing wounds
- the influence of FGF-BP became examined for wound healing in animal models.
- diabetes-associated wounds that are not necessarily characterized by a lack of FGF-BP.
- Confirmation of human data in animal models is a prerequisite for determining suitable times for the treatment, diagnosis and / or prevention of wound healing disorders that are characterized by a lack of FGF-BP, in particular of diabetes-associated wounds. This generally applies to all diabetes-associated wounds, including those that are not characterized by a reduced amount of FGF-BP.
- mice Since mice have proven to be a suitable model system for investigating wound healing in humans, the expression of FGF-BP was determined in murine biopsies from different times of wound healing. Punch biopsies from wounds and intact skin from normal healing control mice (C57BL / 6) and diabetic mice (C57BI / Ks-db /) were performed at the time lh, 7h, 15h, 24h, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days and 14 days after the wound. db / Ola) won.
- the biopsies were homogenized and RNA isolated as described in Example 1. This was followed by DNase digestion and rewriting in cDNA. Wound healing-relevant cDNAs were also quantified as described in Example 1.
- primers with the sequence of SEQ JD No. 9 and SEQ ID No. 10 were selected based on the sequence of the FGF-BP (SEQ ID No. 4).
- GAPDH was used as the reference gene in this experiment.
- the PCR amplification was carried out using the sequence of the GAPDH gene (Gen Bank: M17851) with the sequence of the SEQ ID No. 11 and SEQ ID No. 12 are used.
- cDNA was amplified from 10 ng of reverse transcribed total RNA in a total volume of 25 ⁇ l per batch.
- the PCR was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions (PE Applied Biosystems, SYBR Green PCR and RT-PCR Reagents Protocol, 1998).
- the C T values were analyzed and the frequency of FGF-BP mRNA relative to GAPDH mRNA was calculated.
- the results of the experiments are summarized in Table 2 and show that FGF-BP mRNA was significantly reduced (on average by a factor of 2.8) during wound healing during wound healing during the entire observation period in diabetic animals.
- Example 3a Treatment of murine wounds with FGF-BP by gene therapy methods
- FGF-BP farnesoid protein
- SEQ ID No. 4 in male diabetic Sprague Dawley rats
- the tensile strength of the wounds is examined, whereby a higher tensile strength reflects improved wound healing.
- the animal model of the diabetic rat is an established model system for the investigation of diabetes-associated poorly healing wounds (Davidson, Arch. Dermatol. Res. (1998) 290: Sl-S 11).
- a suitable expression vector for this experiment is constructed, for example, on the basis of the vector pMH (F. Hoffman-La Röche) by inserting the intron JJ of the insulin gene from the rat between the CMV promoter and the multiple cloning site in the HindlU interface ( pMHInt).
- the FGF-BP cDNA according to the invention is then cloned into the modified expression vector pMHInt using the multiple cloning site.
- the coding region of the FGF-BP cDNA according to SEQ ID No. 4 is amplified by means of a suitable PCR and then cut with restriction enzymes which permit “in-frame” ligation of the cDNA in the modified expression vector cut with the same restriction enzymes.
- An expression plasmid pMHInt_FGF-BP is thus obtained, and pMHInt, which contains, for example, a luciferase gene (pMHJntLuc), is used as the control vector.
- mice To induce diabetes, four rats with a body weight of 250-300 g are given a freshly prepared aqueous streptozotocin solution (Sigma) i.p. injected (50 mg / kg body weight). The animals' blood sugar is checked 7-9 days after induction. A blood sugar level of over 200 mg / dL serves as the lower limit for assessing the diabetic condition of the animals.
- the four diabetic rats and the four non-diabetic control animals are then anesthetized with a mixture of 2% O 2 (2 l / min) and 1.25% isoflurane.
- the back is depilated and a mark is placed on the back at four points per animal for later wounding.
- These brands are, for example, each with 0.5 ⁇ g plasmid DNA that is attached to gold particles (BioRad) is bound with the "Helios Gene Gun" (BioRad) bombarded with 500 psi, two sites being bombarded with the FGF-BP expression vector ⁇ MHInt_FGF-BP and two sites with the control vector pMFflntLuc.
- the determination of the mean value of the E / C values makes it possible to determine the changes in the tensile strength as a function of the FGF-BP according to the invention between diabetic and control animals.
- An increased tensile strength of pMHInt_FGF-BP treated wounds in diabetic animals indicates that FGF-BP is suitable for the selective treatment of diabetes-associated, poorly healing wounds.
- nucleic acids can be complexed with liposomes in order to facilitate penetration into the cell or the nucleic acid can be bound to a carrier matrix, for example collagen, which is then applied to the wound. It is possible for the nucleic acid to penetrate the skin cells.
- viral vectors for example adenoviruses or retroviruses, can also be used, which then gain access to the cells via infection.
- nucleic acids encoding human FGF-BP polypeptide according to SEQ ID No. 2 or variants thereof can also be used.
- Example 3b Treatment of wounds with FGF-BP using gene therapy
- the expression vector for pMHInt_FGF-BP was produced as described in Example 3a), starting from the vector pMH. PMHInt was used as the control vector.
- rats with a body weight of 250-300 g were injected ip with a freshly prepared aqueous streptozotocin solution (Sigma) (50 mg / kg body weight).
- the animals' blood sugar was checked 5, 10 and 17 days after induction.
- a blood sugar level of over 200 mg / dL served as the lower limit for assessing the diabetic condition of the animals.
- the wounds were set on day 10 after induction of the diabetic condition. 28 diabetic rats were anesthetized with a mixture of 2% O 2 (2 1 / min) and 1.25% isoflurane.
- the back was depilated and a mark was placed on the back at four points per animal for later wounding.
- These labels were each bombarded with 0.5 ⁇ g of plasmid DNA bound to gold particles (BioRad) using the "Helios Gene Gun” (BioRad) at 500 psi, 16 animals using the FGF-BP expression vector pMHInt_FGF-BP and 12 animals are shot with the control vector pMHInt. Subsequently, 1.9 cm long cuts were placed through the bombarded areas and the wounds were closed with wound clips. After 7 days, the tensile strength of the wounds is determined using a tensiometer (BTC-2000, SRLI, Ten) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- FGF-BP is particularly suitable for the treatment of diabetes-associated, poorly healing wounds.
- Example 4a Treatment of wounds by in vivo application of FGF-BP polypeptides
- the FGF-BP polypeptide which can be used according to the invention has an extracellular site of action and thus penetration into the cells is not necessary, the suitability of topically administered, recombinantly produced FGF-BP polypeptides for the treatment and or prevention of diabetes-associated poorly healing wounds for wound healing in tested in vivo.
- FGF-BP polypeptides are produced using the baculovirus expression system (BAC-TO-BAC Baculovirus Expression System, Life Technologies INC., Gaithersburg, MD).
- BAC-TO-BAC Baculovirus Expression System Life Technologies INC., Gaithersburg, MD
- the cDNA of the FGF-BP according to SEQ ID No. 4 that can be used according to the invention is first via PCR amplified (see experiment 3) and provided with a (His) 6-tag on each side.
- This modified cDNA is cloned into suitable restriction sites of the pFASTB AC HTb donor plasmid.
- the plasmid is then transformed into the bacmid-containing DH10BAC E.co/i strain.
- Isolated, recombinant bacmid DNA is then transfected into Sf-9 cells to generate corresponding baculoviruses. After five days, the cells are harvested, pelleted and lysed using 6 M guanidinium_HCl, 0.01 M HC1, 0.1 M sodium phosphate pH 8.0. The cell lysates are incubated on ice for one hour, cellular residues are centrifuged off and the supernatant is loaded onto a nickel-NTA Sepharose column (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The column is washed repeatedly with 30 mM sodium citrate, 300 mM sodium chloride and descending pH values of 8, 6.3, 5.9 and 5.7.
- His-tagged FGF-BP is then eluted with 3x0.5 ml buffer at pH 4.5 and neutralized.
- Recombinant FGF-BP polypeptide produced in this way is then formulated in various concentrations, for example in an inert hydrogel (2.3% modified methyl cellulose, 20% propylene glycol and 77.7% water) (Intra Site from Smith & Nephew).
- FGF-BP polypeptides for the selective treatment of diabetes-associated, poorly healing wounds.
- FGF-BP polypeptides according to SEQ ID No. 1 or functional variants thereof can also be used.
- FGF-BP is effective in the prevention and / or treatment of diabetes-associated, poorly healing wounds.
- the effect of FGF-BP is particularly suitable for these diabetes-associated wound healing disorders in comparison to the treatment of other wound healing disorders, since in the latter there is no incorrect regulation of FGF-BP expression.
- the amount of FGF-BP, preferably of functionally active FGF-BP in the wound area should be increased.
- a preferred indication to be treated is the diabetic ulcer.
- Administration of a medicament containing FGF-BP is preferably topical, in particular by means of gene therapy (example 3). Administration can also be carried out particularly preferably by topical application of a recombinant FGF-BP polypeptide according to the use (Example 4), since the site of action of the FGF-BP polypeptide is extracellular and the penetration of the protein into cells is therefore not necessary.
- Example 4b Treatment of wounds with FGF-BP using polypeptide
- FGF-BP polypeptide is produced as described in Example 4a) using a baculovirus expression system (BAC-TO-BAC baculovirus expression system, Life Technologies INC., Gaithersburg, MD).
- BAC-TO-BAC baculovirus expression system Life Technologies INC., Gaithersburg, MD.
- the pure carrier solution in which the FGF-BP polypeptide is dissolved or, alternatively, a polypeptide that can be easily produced by means of the baculovirus expression system and has no influence on wound healing serves as a control.
- a "housekeeping gene" such as GAPDH is suitable, for example.
- rats with a body weight of 250-300 g are injected ip with a freshly prepared aqueous streptozotocin solution (Sigma) (50 mg / kg body weight).
- a freshly prepared aqueous streptozotocin solution (Sigma) (50 mg / kg body weight).
- the animals' blood sugar is checked.
- a blood sugar level of over 200 mg / dL serves as the lower limit for assessing the diabetic condition of the animals.
- the wounds are set. 28 diabetic rats are anesthetized with a mixture of 2% O 2 (2 1 / min) and 1.25% isoflurane. The back is depilated and a mark is placed on the back at four points per animal for later wounding.
- a higher value means better tensile strength of the wound.
- Each value is an average of the four wounds that are set for each animal.
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AU2003212293A AU2003212293A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Use of a fibroblast growth factor-binding protein for the treatment and diagnosis of diabetic wound healing problems |
US10/927,322 US20060014158A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2004-08-26 | Use of a fibroblast growth factor-binding protein for the treatment and diagnosis of diabetic wound healing problems |
US12/012,676 US20090197256A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2008-02-05 | Use of a fibroblast growth factor-binding protein for the treatment and diagnosis of diabetic wound healing problems |
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EP02004299A EP1340507B1 (de) | 2002-02-28 | 2002-02-28 | Verwendung eines Fibroblastenwachstumsfaktor-Bindeproteins zur Behandlung und Diagnose von diabetischen Wundheilugnsstörungen |
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AU638734B2 (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1993-07-08 | Regents Of The University Of California, The | Receptors for fibroblast growth factors |
US5229501A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1993-07-20 | Chiron Corporation | Expression and use of human fibroblast growth factor receptor |
WO2000047602A1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-17 | Human Genome Sciences, Inc. | 33 human secreted proteins |
WO2000005416A2 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-02-03 | Georgetown University | Fgf-bp promoter sequences as sensors of drug effects |
-
2003
- 2003-02-28 AU AU2003212293A patent/AU2003212293A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-28 WO PCT/EP2003/002122 patent/WO2003072126A2/de active Application Filing
-
2004
- 2004-08-26 US US10/927,322 patent/US20060014158A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-02-05 US US12/012,676 patent/US20090197256A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003212293A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
WO2003072126A3 (de) | 2004-01-15 |
US20060014158A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
US20090197256A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
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