WO2003064938A1 - Appareil de chauffage solaire - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003064938A1
WO2003064938A1 PCT/AU2003/000099 AU0300099W WO03064938A1 WO 2003064938 A1 WO2003064938 A1 WO 2003064938A1 AU 0300099 W AU0300099 W AU 0300099W WO 03064938 A1 WO03064938 A1 WO 03064938A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat conducting
heat
conducting rod
solar
exchange unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2003/000099
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gaoyuan Wang
Liao Bin
Original Assignee
Gaoyuan Wang
Liao Bin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaoyuan Wang, Liao Bin filed Critical Gaoyuan Wang
Publication of WO2003064938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003064938A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0133—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by concentric strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S10/753—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being parallel to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S2010/71—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to solar heaters and more specifically to improvements in solar heat exchange units for use in solar hot water heaters.
  • hot water for domestic or industrial use is produced by heating water electrically or by gas flame.
  • solar energy has increasingly been used to heat water for domestic and commercial use.
  • Solar hot water heaters generally contain a solar heat collector that is in thermal connection with a body of water to be heated.
  • the solar heat collector absorbs solar energy and the energy in the form of heat is then transferred from the solar collector to the water.
  • Various configurations are known for solar heat collectors however one configuration of interest for present purposes comprises a series of elongate parallel solar heat collecting tubes that are encased in a panel. Solar energy that is incident upon the panel is absorbed by the solar heat collecting tubes and the heat is then transferred to a heat transfer medium which in turn heats the water.
  • the water is typically then stored in an insulated water storage system.
  • Solar heat collecting tubes in the form of evacuated tubes ('vacuum tubes') having a sealed glass outer tube and a coaxial heat conducting rod or tube located therein have been and are used in some solar heating systems.
  • solar energy heats the glass outer tube and any air contained therein and the heat is transferred to the heat conducting rod or pipe which is formed from or contains a heat conducting material.
  • the heat conducting rod is in direct or indirect thermal contact with a fluid to be heated.
  • the heat absorbing fluid is consequently heated and is then transferred to either to a heat storage vessel or a further heat transfer mechanism. It has been reported that the efficiency of solar heat collecting tubes is higher than more traditional flat panel solar collectors. However, there is a perpetual problem with ensuring that the transmission of heat from the solar heat collecting tubes to the heat absorbing fluid is maximised, whilst providing a solar heat exchange unit that is reliable yet relatively simple and inexpensive to construct.
  • the second phase of transmitting the collected heat from the solar heat collecting tubes to the flow pipes two techniques are known.
  • One is to use clips so that the heat conducting rod and the flow pipe are joined together and heat transmission is achieved through the point contact of the heat conducting rod with the flow pipe.
  • This arrangement is not particularly efficient in transmitting heat to flow pipes.
  • the second technique is to insert the tip of the heat conducting rods directly inside the water flow pipes and heat transmission is achieved by water flow directly contacting the rod tips.
  • This arrangement has the problems of water leaking and complexity of installation.
  • many of the known solar heat exchange units suffer from the disadvantage of low heat efficiency they also tend to be relatively expensive and require considerable maintenance. This is manifested by the large size of the solar heat exchange unit and may be attributable to the relatively small area of the heat exchange surfaces, or to inefficient transfer of heat to the heat absorbing fluid, or to a combination of these and other factors.
  • the present invention provides a solar heat exchange unit suitable for use in a solar water heater, the heat exchange unit including: - one or more solar heat collecting tubes containing a heat conducting rod, each heat conducting rod having a substantially planar surface, the solar heat collecting tubes arranged so that the heat conducting rods are able to be heated by solar energy,
  • the bracket including a first plate having shaped channels so that at least part of each of the heat conducting rods fits into a respective channel, and a second plate having shaped channels so that at least part of each the flow pipes fits into a respective channel, wherein the bracket can be assembled so that the first and second plates are secured together and the substantially planar surface of the each of the flow pipes is held in thermal contact with the substantially planar surface of each of the heat conducting rods.
  • solar heat exchange unit refers to an apparatus or arrangement that is able to heat a heat absorbing fluid such as water using solar energy and includes a solar heat collecting tube which collects and converts solar energy into heat energy, and flow pipes through which the heat energy is transferred to the heat absorbing fluid.
  • the invention also provides a solar hot water heater containing the solar heat exchange unit of the invention.
  • an objective of the solar heat exchange unit of the present invention to maximise the contact area between the heat conducting rod and the flow pipes to thereby maximise the transfer of energy collected by the solar heat collecting tube to the heat absorbing fluid.
  • substantially planar means generally in a plane and covers surfaces that are flat, corrugated or otherwise configured provided they are virtually planar.
  • heat conducting rods as used herein is to be taken to include not only solid rods of heat conducting material but also hollow pipes of heat conducting material that are filled with a suitable fluid.
  • the bracket holds two or more heat conducting rods in thermal contact with two flow pipes.
  • the heat conducting rods are held parallel to one another and across the flow pipes at an angle of between about 45 degrees and 90 degrees.
  • Each heat conducting rod is preferably mounted within a cover tube to form a sealed solar heat collecting tube having a heat conducting rod tip extending from an end thereof.
  • Each heat conducting rod may be held within the cover tube by a spacer that extends between and is in thermal contact with the cover tube and the heat conducting rod.
  • the spacer may contain one or more vanes extending radially between the cover tube and the heat conducting rod.
  • Each plate of the bracket preferably has a substantially flat face containing openings for each of the respective channels so that when the heat conducting rod tips or flow pipes are located within their respective channels the planar surface of the heat conducting rod tip or the flow pipe is substantially coplanar with the flat face of a respective plate.
  • the plates are preferably formed from a thermally conductive material to assist in the transfer of heat from the heat conducting rod tips to the flow pipes.
  • Fig. 1 shows an isometric exploded view of a solar heat exchange unit of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a cover tube for a solar heat collecting tube.
  • Fig. 3 a shows a perspective view of a spacer for mounting a heat conducting rod in the cover tube shown in Figure 2
  • b) shows a perspective view of a C-section material used to form the spacer sections that form the spacer shown in Figure 3a
  • Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a cover tube with the spacer inserted.
  • Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a plug that is used to seal an open end of the cover tube of Figure 1.
  • Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a heat conducting rod and heat conducting rod tip.
  • Fig. 7 shows an exploded side view of an assembled solar heat collecting tube.
  • Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of a plate of a heat conducting bracket.
  • Fig. 9 shows perspective view of the plate of Figure 8 with heat conducting rod tips fitted into channels in the plate.
  • Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of a flow pipe.
  • Fig. 11 shows a perspective view of a plate of a heat conducting bracket.
  • Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of the plate of Figure 11 with flow tubes fitted into channels in the plate.
  • Fig. 13 shows a perspective view of an assembled bracket with heat conducting rods and flow pipes.
  • Fig 14 shows a perspective view of an alternative configuration of the plate of Figure 11.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exploded view of the solar heat exchange unit 10 of the invention.
  • the solar heat exchange unit is suitable for use in a solar water heater.
  • the heat exchange unit is typically installed on a roof or some other surface and is angled between the horizontal and vertical in order to maximise exposure to the sun.
  • the heat exchange unit includes twelve solar heat collecting tubes 12 each containing a heat conducting rod 14 having a heat conducting rod tip 16 that has a substantially planar surface 18 as best seen in Figure 6.
  • the solar heat collecting tubes 12 are held in a parallel arrangement within a frame comprising frame members 20 that are held together by right angled brackets 22 to form a rectangular box frame.
  • Upper and lower panels (24 and 26 respectively) are mounted within grooves 28 in the frame members 20.
  • the upper panel 24 may be coated with a suitable heat absorbing material to maximise the absorption of solar energy.
  • a closed end 30 of each of the solar heat collecting tubes is held in a bush 32 that in turn is fastened to one of the frame members 20.
  • the other end 34 of each of the solar heat collecting tubes is held in a bracket 36.
  • Each of the flow pipes 38 has a substantially planar surface 40.
  • a heat conducting bracket 42 secures the heat conducting rod tips 16 to the flow pipes 38 as best seen in Figure 13.
  • the bracket 42 includes a first plate 44 having shaped channels 46 into which the heat conducting rod tips 16 fit.
  • a second plate 48 has shaped channels 50 into which the flow pipes 38 fit.
  • the bracket can be assembled so that the first and second plates (44 and 48) are secured together with the substantially planar surface 40 of each of the flow pipes in thermal contact with the substantially planar surface 18 of each of the heat conducting rod tips.
  • Each plate 44 and 48 has a substantially flat face 52 containing openings for each of the respective channels 46 and 50 so that when the heat conducting rod tips 16 or flow pipes 38 are located within their respective channels the planar surface of the heat conducting rod tip or the flow pipe is substantially coplanar with the flat face 52 of the plate.
  • a single bracket 42 holds twelve heat conducting rods in thermal contact with two flow pipes.
  • the plates 44 and 48 are secured together by welding, melting, bolting, riveting or any other suitable fastening means. This arrangement greatly simplifies construction as there is no need to independently secure individual heat conducting rods to the flow pipes as is necessary with some known systems.
  • the bracket 42 is formed from a thermal conducting material such as copper, aluminium or any other suitable material. In this way the bracket also assists in the transfer of heat from the heat conducting rods to the flow pipes.
  • the plates can be cast or machined. Whilst one particular configuration of plates is shown, variations of the configuration are possible and one such variation is shown in Figure 14. Also, the number of channels in each of the plates can be changed so that the bracket could be used in heat exchange units that have more or less than twelve heat conducting rods and more or less than two flow pipes.
  • Each heat conducting rod 14 is elongate and cylindrical and formed from a suitable thermally conducting material.
  • One end of each of the heat conducting rods contains the heat conducting rod tip 16 which is generally larger in diameter than the rest of the heat conducting rod.
  • the illustrated heat conducting rod tip 16 is semi-circular or "D" shaped in cross section.
  • the cross section of the heat conducting rod tip could also be square shaped, half-oval shaped or any other shape provided the tip contains a planar surface.
  • the channels 46 in the first plate 44 are a complimentary in shape with heat conducting rod tips 16.
  • a curved surface 54 of the heat conducting rod tips fits snugly into the channels 46 so that the planar surface 18 of the heat conducting rod tip 16 is co-planar with the flat face 52 of the plate 44.
  • the planar surfaces 18 of the heat conducting rod tips contact the planar surfaces 40 of the flow pipes. This achieves maximum heat conduction from the tips to the pipes.
  • the heat conducting rods 14 are mounted in a glass cover tube 56 to form the solar heat collecting tube 12.
  • the heat conducting rod 16 is held coaxially within the cover tube 56 and extends along most of the length of the tube. A small section of the heat conducting rod and the heat conducting rod tip 16 extends from an end 58 of the cover tube 56.
  • the heat conducting rod 16 is held within the cover tube 56 by a spacer 60 that extends between and is in thermal contact with the cover tube 56 and the heat conducting rod 16.
  • the spacer contains two vanes 62 that extend radially between the cover tube and the heat conducting rod.
  • the spacer 60 is formed from two self-expandable spacer sections 64 that are semi-circular in cross section. When the two spacer sections 64 are assembled they together form a cylindrical spacer having a central bore 66 into which the heat conducting rod 16 fits snugly.
  • Each of the spacer sections 64 is formed by folding a single sheet of heat transmitting material.
  • the sheet of heat transmitting material is in the form of a
  • the semi-circular spacer sections 64 A space between the flanges 65 allows the diameter of the spacer 60 to be reduced.
  • the spacer can be compressed radially inwardly against a bias for insertion into an open end 68 of the cover tube 56 and because the spacer sections are resilient they self expand once the compression is removed. Following release of the compression the bias acts to force the spacer sections into contact with the inside of the cover tube.
  • the resilience of the spacer sections allows for ease of assembly in that the assembled spacer can be compressed radially for insertion into the cover tube and then the resilience of the material forces the spacer into contact with both the cover tube and the with the heat conducting rod held within the central bore 66.
  • the cover tube 56 has an open end through which the spacer 60 and the heat conducting rod 16 are inserted.
  • the cover tube is then sealed with a plug 70 having a central aperture 72 through which the heat conducting rod is fitted.
  • An outer surface 74 of the plug is ribbed to provide an interference fit between the plug 70 and the cover tube 56 to thereby seal the tube.
  • the central aperture 72 is also ribbed to provide an interference fit between the plug 50 and the heat conducting rod 16.
  • the assembled solar heat collecting tube can be evacuated by forming a tabulation and vacuum pumping the tube to a suitable vacuum and then closing off the tabulation in the normal manner.
  • the flow pipes 38 are connected at one end to a water inlet which may contain a valve to regulate the flow of water through the pipes.
  • the other end of the flow pipes is connected to an outlet.
  • Filling metal screen or flow-blocking metal wings can be put inside the flow pipes to increase the heat exchange rate.
  • the flow pipes 38 are "D" shaped or semi-circular in cross section. Thus each pipe has a planar surface 40 and a curved surface 76. When the flow pipes 38 are fitted in the plate 48, it is the curved surface 76 that contacts the plate with the planar surface 40 of the pipe left to contact the rod tips.
  • the heat conducting rod tips 16 cross the flow pipes 38 at an angle of 90 degrees, although any angle greater than about 45 degrees is suitable.
  • solar radiation that is incident upon the solar heat exchange unit heats the heat conducting rods 14.
  • Water emanating from a suitable water source passes through each of the flow pipes 38 and heat from the heat conducting rods is transferred into the water.
  • the heated water then exits the flow pipes and can be transferred to an insulated water storage vessel until it is required.
  • the solar heat exchange unit is used as part of a solar hot water heater.
  • Various configurations of solar hot water heaters are known or used commercially and the solar heat exchange unit of the present invention may be used with any of these systems.
  • the solar heat exchange unit is particularly useful for heating water in a solar hot water heater, other fluids can also be heated and therefore the solar heat exchange unit also has applications in other fields where a heated fluid is required.
  • the invention therefore provides an apparatus for transferring heat from solar solar heat collecting tubes to hot water storage with substantially higher efficiency in comparison with existing apparatus.
  • the invention solves the problems of collecting heat from solar heat collecting tubes, preventing heat loss from the tube necks, and transmitting heat to water pipes in an easy and heat conducting effective manner.
  • the apparatus is easy to manufacture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité d'échange de chaleur solaire destinée à être utilisée dans un chauffe-eau solaire. Cette unité d'échange de chaleur comprend une ou plusieurs tiges conductrices de chaleur présentant chacune une surface sensiblement planaire. Ces tiges conductrices de chaleur sont disposées de façon à pouvoir être chauffées par un rayonnement solaire incident. Une ou plusieurs conduites d'écoulement sont en contact thermique avec une ou plusieurs tiges conductrices de chaleur, de façon que la chaleur puisse être transférée depuis lesdites tiges conductrices de chaleur jusqu'à un liquide d'absorption de chaleur qui passe dans lesdites conduites d'écoulement. Les conduites d'écoulement présentent au moins une surface sensiblement planaire. Un support de transmission de chaleur fixe les tiges conductrices de chaleur aux conduites d'écoulement. Ce support comprend un premier plateau présentant des canaux formés qui reçoivent au moins une partie des tiges conductrices de chaleur, et un second plateau présentant des canaux formés qui reçoivent au moins une partie des conduites d'écoulement. Ledit support peut être assemblé de façon que le premier et le second plateau soient fixés l'un à l'autre, et que la surface sensiblement planaire de chacune des conduites d'écoulement soit mise en contact thermique avec la surface sensiblement planaire de chacune des tiges conductrices de chaleur.
PCT/AU2003/000099 2002-01-31 2003-01-31 Appareil de chauffage solaire WO2003064938A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002100071 2002-01-31
AU2002100071A AU2002100071B4 (en) 2002-01-31 2002-01-31 Evacuated tube heat pipe transmitter for solar collector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003064938A1 true WO2003064938A1 (fr) 2003-08-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2003/000099 WO2003064938A1 (fr) 2002-01-31 2003-01-31 Appareil de chauffage solaire

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AU (1) AU2002100071B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003064938A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1528335A2 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-04 Lenz Laborglas GmbH & Co. KG Tube solaire sous vide
CN102494871A (zh) * 2011-12-08 2012-06-13 山东力诺新材料有限公司 一种高温真空太阳集热管老化测试方法
ITAN20100214A1 (it) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-23 Ariston Thermo Spa Assorbitore solare
EP1830140A3 (fr) * 2006-03-04 2012-07-25 SCHÜCO International KG Collecteur hybride

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4186795A (en) * 1976-12-06 1980-02-05 Platell Ove Bertil Heat-exchanger
EP0114635B1 (fr) * 1983-01-21 1987-07-01 E. Cacarda GmbH Tuyau à section en forme de D
US5943985A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-08-31 Hartman; Ernest L. Welded bracket for supporting superheat and reheat assembly tubing on steam cooled hanger tubes
EP0952612A1 (fr) * 1998-04-23 1999-10-27 Ferraz Date Industries Echangeur de chaleur, notamment pour le refroidissement d'un composant électronique de puissance, et son procédé de fabrication
JP2000095292A (ja) * 1998-09-22 2000-04-04 Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Inc 管状部材の支持構造および管状部材の固定方法
WO2001090660A1 (fr) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-29 Smid Antonin Methode d'exploitation de l'energie et appareil employe en vue d'appliquer cette methode

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4186795A (en) * 1976-12-06 1980-02-05 Platell Ove Bertil Heat-exchanger
EP0114635B1 (fr) * 1983-01-21 1987-07-01 E. Cacarda GmbH Tuyau à section en forme de D
US5943985A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-08-31 Hartman; Ernest L. Welded bracket for supporting superheat and reheat assembly tubing on steam cooled hanger tubes
EP0952612A1 (fr) * 1998-04-23 1999-10-27 Ferraz Date Industries Echangeur de chaleur, notamment pour le refroidissement d'un composant électronique de puissance, et son procédé de fabrication
JP2000095292A (ja) * 1998-09-22 2000-04-04 Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Inc 管状部材の支持構造および管状部材の固定方法
WO2001090660A1 (fr) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-29 Smid Antonin Methode d'exploitation de l'energie et appareil employe en vue d'appliquer cette methode

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class D16, AN 2000-321749/28 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1528335A2 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-04 Lenz Laborglas GmbH & Co. KG Tube solaire sous vide
EP1528335A3 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2006-05-17 Lenz Laborglas GmbH & Co. KG Tube solaire sous vide
EP1830140A3 (fr) * 2006-03-04 2012-07-25 SCHÜCO International KG Collecteur hybride
ITAN20100214A1 (it) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-23 Ariston Thermo Spa Assorbitore solare
CN102494871A (zh) * 2011-12-08 2012-06-13 山东力诺新材料有限公司 一种高温真空太阳集热管老化测试方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002100071B8 (en) 2002-03-07
AU2002100071A4 (en) 2002-03-07
AU2002100071B4 (en) 2002-03-07

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