WO2003061710A1 - Agent regulant l'induction de l'apoptose par p73 - Google Patents
Agent regulant l'induction de l'apoptose par p73 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003061710A1 WO2003061710A1 PCT/JP2003/000605 JP0300605W WO03061710A1 WO 2003061710 A1 WO2003061710 A1 WO 2003061710A1 JP 0300605 W JP0300605 W JP 0300605W WO 03061710 A1 WO03061710 A1 WO 03061710A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
- C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
- C07K14/4747—Apoptosis related proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apoptosis regulator for tumor cells, in particular! A) Apoptosis induction modulator of 73 or p53, and method of screening for apoptosis modulator.
- the p73 gene was reported as a gene with high homology to the tumor suppressor p53 gene (Kaghad et al.). However, unlike p53: p73 is expressed as a multiple spliced form. Both p73 ⁇ and p7333 conserve the transcriptional activity control domain, DNA binding domain, and complex forming domain (Kaghad et al., De Laurenzi et al., De laurenzi and Catani et al.) Present in ⁇ 53. Reply By overexpressing the p73 gene, for example,!) the gene induced by 53, p21 gene expression induction was observed.
- p73 like p53, was a transcriptional regulator and showed suppression of tumor cell growth (Kaghad et al., Jost et al.). Both p73 and p53 are thought to have sequence-specific transactivation functions, and have been recognized to recognize and bind to the p53 response element in the promoter region of each target gene. However, the exact mechanism remained poorly understood. ,: The p73 gene is a chromosome 1 p3 that is frequently deleted heterozygously in various human cancers.
- the p73 gene does not show the high-frequency mutations found in the p53 gene (Ikawa et al.). It is thought to be regulated by a different mechanism (Lissy et al., Marin et al., Higashino et al., Steegenga et al. Haupt, Zeng et al.
- ⁇ 73 which lacks the N-terminal transactivation domain.
- ⁇ 73 inhibits apoptosis by blocking the apoptosis-inducing activity of mouse 53 sympathetic nerve cells (Pozniak et al.).
- ⁇ 73 which is regarded as a sever suppressor
- ⁇ 73 is regulated by a complex mechanism, and the involvement of ⁇ 73 is suspected, but it has not been well understood until now. Elucidating the apoptosis-inducing activity of the 73 protein, including its mechanism, and finding drugs that enhance it will lead to the development of new antitumor agents.
- An object of the present invention is to elucidate the interaction between ⁇ 73 and ⁇ 73 at the gene and protein levels. Furthermore, the present invention provides: a modulator of 73 or ⁇ 53, a potentiosis induction regulator, a method for increasing apoptosis of tumor cells using the regulator, and a method for screening the regulator. The purpose is to provide.
- neuroblastoma cells human neuroblastoma cells
- ⁇ 53 and ⁇ 73 were induced, and in addition, expression of ⁇ 73 was induced.
- a sequence to which the ⁇ 73 gene specifically binds was present in the promoter region of ⁇ 73, and identified the sequence.
- overexpression of ⁇ 73 inhibited ⁇ 73-induced apoptosis, and clarified the function of ⁇ 73 as an autoregulator of ⁇ 73.
- ⁇ 73 forms a hetero-oligomer with ⁇ 73 and its It is thought to inhibit lance activation and apoptosis-inducing activity.
- the balance of ⁇ > 73 and ⁇ 73 at the intracellular level will control the: 73-induced apoptosis of tumor cells.
- an apoptosis-inducing modulator of 73 or ⁇ 53 a method of increasing apoptosis of tumor cells using the modulator.
- a transcriptional activity regulator of ⁇ 53 and ⁇ 73 comprising the ⁇ 73 gene and ⁇ 73 ⁇ 73 gene, a screening method for the regulator, and the like.
- the present invention relates to the following (1) to (7).
- a regulator of apoptosis induction of ⁇ 73 which comprises utilizing hetero-oligomer formation with ⁇ 73.
- An apoptosis-inducing regulator comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- An apoptotic cis induction regulator comprising a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence that hybridizes to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. ...,-, ..., ...
- a transcriptional activity regulator of ⁇ 53 and ⁇ 73 comprising the ⁇ 73 gene and ⁇ 73 gene.
- a method for screening an apoptosis-regulating agent in tumor cells using a nucleic acid having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- An agent for regulating apoptosis of tumor cells which can be obtained by the method of stalling according to (6).
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing cisplatin-induced dose-dependent SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis.
- FIG. 2 is an immunoplot diagram of a cisplatin-treated product of SH-SY5Y cells.
- FIG. 3 is an electrophoretogram showing the results of analysis of RA from the cisplatin-treated SH-SY5Y cells by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
- Figure 4 shows a Western blot of SH-SY5Y cells infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing lacZ (Ad-lacZ), p53 (Ad-p53), or HA-p73a (Ad-p73 ⁇ ).
- Ad-lacZ recombinant adenovirus expressing lacZ
- Ad-p53 p53
- Ad-p73 ⁇ HA-p73a
- FIG. 3 is a Northern blot diagram.
- FIG. 9 is an electrophoretogram showing the results of analyzing the RNA from the product by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the result of measuring the expression ability of the ⁇ 73 promoter using luciferase-reporter assay.
- FIG. 8 shows the nucleotide sequence of the ⁇ 73 promoter region.
- Figure 9 shows the transfection of SA0S-2 cells with pGL2- ⁇ 73 ⁇ (-100) and one of various expression plasmids ( ⁇ 53, ⁇ _ ⁇ 63 ⁇ , HA- ⁇ 73 ⁇ ;, HA- ⁇ 73] 3).
- 4 is a graph showing the results of measuring the expression ability of the ⁇ 73 promoter portion using a luciferase ⁇ reporter assay.
- FIG. 10 shows that SA0S-2 cells were transformed with pGL2- ⁇ 73 ⁇ (-76 / _57) and various expression plasmids ( ⁇ 53,
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of co-transfecting with ⁇ - ⁇ 63 ⁇ HA- ⁇ 73 ⁇ , ⁇ _ ⁇ 73; 3), and measuring the expression ability of the ⁇ 73 promoter portion by luciferase reporter assay.
- Figure 1 1 is to delta New [rho 73 promoter by electrophoretic mobility Shifutoatsusi, is an electrophoretogram showing the results of testing the binding reaction competing DM to antagonistically bind to Ro73.
- FIG. 12 is an electrophoretic diagram showing the result of electrophoretic mobility shift assay similar to FIG.
- Figure 15 shows that SA0S-2 cells were transfected with one or two of the various active plasmids ( ⁇ 53, ⁇ 73, ⁇ 73] 3, ⁇ 73, and ⁇ 73] 3) and expressed the MDM2 promoter.
- 4 is a graph showing the results obtained by measuring the activity with a luciferase / reporter assay.
- Figure 16 shows that SA0S-2 cells were transfected with one or two of various expression plasmids ( ⁇ 53, ⁇ 73, ⁇ 73 ⁇ , ⁇ 73, and ⁇ 73; 3), and the expression ability of Bax promoter was changed to luciferase. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured in Sai.
- FIG. 1 SK - N-BE cells expressing p73 a (Ad-p73 a) with increasing amounts of ⁇ N P 73 a (Ad- ⁇ Np73 a), a result of the co-infected with Sokae adenovirus, 4 is a graph showing changes in cell apoptosis.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram schematically showing the interaction and correlation at the cellular level of the tumor-related gene that forms the basis of the present invention.
- nucleic acid refers to a polynucleotide that is, for example, DNA or RNA, or an active DNA or RNA derived therefrom, and preferably refers to DNA or RNA. Particularly preferred nucleic acids have the DNA sequences disclosed herein or have sequences complementary thereto.
- antagonistically binding nucleic acid refers to a nucleic acid that competitively binds to the target element (nucleic acid or protein) of the binding sequence, and in a broad sense, a so-called antisense nucleic acid Also includes RNAi (RNA interference molecules).
- hybridizing refers to stringent conditions that distinguish relevant nucleotide sequences from unrelated nucleotide sequences (Maniatis et al., Molecular Cloning—AL aboratory M. an ⁇ a 1, Old S Spring Harbor L aboratory
- examples of such stringent conditions include: (1) low ion intensity and high temperature for washing (eg, at 50.C, 0.015M sodium chloride, 0.0015M sodium citrate, 1% SDS buffer), or (2) a denaturing agent such as formamide (eg, 50% formamide, 0.1% serum anolevumin at 42 ° C, 0.1%) during hybridization. It uses 1% Ficoll, 0.1% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5 OmM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), 750 mM sodium chloride, and 75 mM sodium citrate. Another example is 50% formamide at 42 ° C, 5 x SSC, 5 OmM sodium phosphate (pH 6.8)
- the present inventors have found that tumor cells undergo apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner when scleroderma cells are treated with cisbratin, a drug that inhibits DNA. At that time, it was confirmed by Western plotting that: 53 and p73 ⁇ protein were produced.
- the tumor cells are preferably neuroblastoma cells, but are not limited thereto, and may be other central and peripheral nervous system tumor cells.
- the Western blot suggested production of ⁇ ⁇ 73 ⁇ protein, which was confirmed by RT-PCR using ⁇ 73-specific primers. That is, cisplatin induces ⁇ 73 and ⁇ 73 in tumor cells at both mRN ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and protein levels.
- the present inventors have proposed that P53 or! ) When infected with an adenovirus vector expressing any of the 73 ⁇ genes, it was found that expression of ⁇ 73 ⁇ was observed in the case of the ⁇ 73a gene. The expression was confirmed by Western plot, or Northern plots using ⁇ 73 specific probes, or RT-PCR using ⁇ 73 specific primers as described above. That is, ⁇ 73 3 induces the expression of ⁇ 73. Further, unlike ⁇ 73, ⁇ 53 does not cause up-regulation of ⁇ ⁇ 73 ⁇ .
- the present inventors obtained the ⁇ 73 promoter full-length DNA and determined the base sequence of the ⁇ 73 specific sequence. Successive deletion analysis of the promoter region revealed that the nucleotide sequence was at positions 176 to 157 (SEQ ID NO: 1). Also, in a similar expression test using tumor cells as described above, transactivation of the ⁇ 73 promoter could be triggered by ⁇ 73 (or ⁇ 73) as expected, but not by ⁇ 53. found. In addition, from the results of the competition Atsushi test, it was confirmed that the nucleotide sequence region was involved in binding to ⁇ 73, and was a: ⁇ 73-specific sequence.
- the present inventors have found that when tumor cells are co-infected with an adenovirus vector expressing the ⁇ 73 ⁇ gene and the ⁇ 73 gene, the apoptosis of the tumor cells is suppressed in a dose-dependent manner.
- cisplatin-induced apoptosis of tumor cells was suppressed by infection with an adenovirus vector expressing the ⁇ 73 gene. Therefore, ⁇ 73 ⁇ apoptosis-inducing activity is regulated by ⁇ 73 at the cellular level.
- .DELTA..nu 73 gene (hereinafter, the present invention referred .DELTA..nu [rho 73 gene according to) with [rho 73 apoptosis-inducing regulatory function according to the present invention and it proteins which are Yotsute code (hereinafter, referred Derutanyuro 73 proteins according to the present invention )
- a ⁇ 73 gene having a function of regulating ⁇ 73 apoptosis induction and a protein encoded thereby.
- This regulatory function has been disclosed by the present invention in the promoter region upstream of the p73 gene! 7) It is governed by a base sequence capable of specific binding. As a result of promoting or suppressing its binding, these genes and proteins regulate tumor cell apoptosis through a quantitative balance of p73 and its antagonist, ⁇ 73.
- the ⁇ ; ⁇ 73 gene can be used for treatment and prevention of abnormal expression of the ⁇ 73 protein.
- the base sequence to be selected for the regulation of apoptosis is an upstream of the ANp73 gene, preferably a ⁇ 73 promoter region, and more preferably a ⁇ 73 specific binding sequence is present in the region. .
- the base sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the sequence capable of specific binding is the DNA of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- DN ⁇ having the nucleotide sequence can be easily obtained by chemical synthesis using an automatic DNA synthesizer.
- the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 73 gene of the present invention is ligated to an appropriate vector ′ promoter, introduced into host cells, and the protein encoded by the gene is produced, extracted, and purified to obtain the protein of the present invention. Can be obtained. These operations are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the ⁇ 73 gene of the present invention is inserted into an appropriate viral vector, introduced into a tumor cell, and under the transcriptional control of an appropriate promoter, the ⁇ 73 of the present invention is inserted into an appropriate viral vector. It can also express proteins and have the effect of regulating apoptosis of tumor cells. Further, the gene to be expressed does not necessarily have to encode the ⁇ 73 protein.
- RNA transcript antisense or RNAi
- RNAi a nucleotide sequence capable of specifically binding to ⁇ 73 mRNA
- the effect of regulating apoptosis of tumor cells includes the effect of desensitizing cisplatin-resistant tumor cells to cisplatin.
- the release of resistance includes the effect of releasing the acquisition of non-MDR-type drug resistance.
- Suitable vector examples include MoMLV Betaco, Herpathvirus vector, Adenowinores vector, AAV vector, HIV vector, SIV vector, Sendai Examples include, but are not limited to, viral vectors.
- Non-viral vectors can also be used, such as ribosomes, complexes of calcium phosphate with nucleic acids (introduced genes), cationic lipid complexes, Sendai virus ribosomes, and polymer carriers with polythione as the main chain. And the like.
- methods such as electoral poration and gene gun can also be used for gene transfer into cells.
- the promoter used for gene expression mounted on the vector is not particularly limited as long as it can express the ⁇ 73 gene of the present invention in a host cell such as a tumor cell.
- adenovirus cytomegavirus, HIV virus, simian virus 40, rous sarcoma virus, herpes simplex virus, mouse leukemia virus, simvis virus, hepatitis ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, papilloma virus
- Promoters derived from viruses such as human T-cell leukemia virus, influenza virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, JC virus, parvovirus B19, poliovirus, albumin, SR o ;, mammals derived from heat shock proteins, erosion factors, etc.
- Promoters such as the CAG promoter, and promoters whose expression is induced by tetracycline, steroids, and the like.
- a lac promoter or other expression motor that can be expressed in E. coli can be used.
- the ⁇ 73 protein according to the present invention can also be performed by a method known to those skilled in the art. For example, there are a method of homogenizing a host cell, a method of lysing a cell membrane using a surfactant such as SDS or an enzyme, a method of sonication, and a method of repeating freezing and thawing.
- a surfactant such as SDS or an enzyme
- a method of sonication a method of repeating freezing and thawing.
- the amino acid chain length of the ⁇ 73 protein according to the present invention is relatively short, it can be produced by chemical synthesis using an automatic peptide synthesizer in addition to the above-described gene recombination technique.
- the ⁇ 73 protein of the present invention obtained by any of the methods can be purified by a conventional method. For example, general biochemical methods such as ultracentrifugation, density gradient centrifugation, column separation using ion exchange columns, abundity columns, reverse phase columns, and
- the ⁇ 73 promoter region in particular: binds to the site capable of specifically binding ⁇ 73 (the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1) antagonistically, Use nucleic acids (DNA) whose activity can be controlled.
- DNA according to the present invention In order to introduce such DN ⁇ (hereinafter, referred to as DNA according to the present invention) into tumor cells, it is preferable to administer to a patient as a nucleic acid pharmaceutical composition.
- This uses gene therapy techniques. That is, the DNA according to the present invention is introduced as a therapeutic gene into a gene transfer vector and delivered to a target tumor cell. Suitable recombinant vectors used for this purpose overlap with the vectors that can be transfected into mammalian cells (especially human cells) among the vectors listed above. Among the promoters that can be used in the same manner, those that can be used for gene expression in mammalian cells (particularly human cells) overlap with those listed.
- the desired gene therapy composition can be prepared by dissolving the recombinant vector into which the therapeutic gene has been incorporated in an appropriate solvent such as water, physiological saline, or an isotonic buffer. :
- Ribozyme RNAi can also be used because it is thought to regulate ⁇ Np73 gene expression.
- the screening method of the present invention a method for screening a tumor cell apoptosis regulator using a nucleic acid having a base sequence capable of specifically binding p73 (hereinafter, referred to as the screening method of the present invention) Is provided.
- the test substance of interest includes not only a protein that binds to the ⁇ 73 promoter or a protein that regulates its activity or a DNA that encodes the protein, but also a compound that regulates its activity. Is also included.
- the compound may be synthetic or natural, low or high molecular, organic or inorganic.
- the screening method of the present invention can be performed by various techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- test substance when the test substance is a non-protein, the test substance is contacted with a cell (yeast or animal cell, etc.) having a reporter gene (eg, luciferase gene) linked downstream of the ⁇ 73 promoter.
- the reporter determines whether to modulate one activity. Based on the reporter activity, select a candidate compound that controls (especially suppresses) the ⁇ 73 promoter activity.
- a gene library DN1 is further introduced into a cell having a vector in which a reporter gene (for example, a luciferase gene) is linked downstream of the ⁇ 73 promoter.
- a reporter gene for example, a luciferase gene
- a clone which induces or preferably suppresses the expression of the gene is selected. Sequence the DNA contained in the clone and identify the protein it encodes.
- the ⁇ p73 promoter DNA is biotinylated and adsorbed to beads or the like to which streptavidin is bound. This and the nuclear extract of the cells are incubated, and a protein that specifically binds to the DNA is selected by affinity purification. After labeling the ⁇ 73 promoter DNA and incubating the DNA with the nuclear extract of the cells, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (also called gel shift assay) is performed. If protein binding is observed after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the band of the DII / protein complex has shifted from the DNA-only band, which is cut out of the gel and the protein is extracted. Thus, a protein that specifically binds to the DNA can be selected.
- electrophoretic mobility shift assay also called gel shift assay
- the protein is expressed in E. coli into which the gene library has been introduced. Is transferred to a filter.
- the ⁇ 73 promoter DNA is used as a labeled probe and plotted on this filter.
- a clone expressing a protein that binds to the probe is selected.
- the DNA contained in the clone is sequenced and the protein encoded by it is identified.
- the protein identified as a regulator of tumor cell apoptosis identified by the above-mentioned screening method can be indirectly administered orally or parenterally to patients (or warm-blooded animals) with a fllit ulcer.
- the apoptosis regulator can act on tumor cells.
- the apoptosis-modulating agent is prepared as a pharmaceutical composition. This involves mixing an effective amount of the apoptosis modulator with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent to give a suitable dosage form.
- Suitable dosage forms for administration include tablets, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, capsules, suppositories, injections, and the like.
- the apoptosis-regulating agent of the present invention can be applied to various tumors of warm-blooded animals including humans, and a typical example thereof is neuroblastoma.
- Human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y, SK-N-AS, and SK-N-BE strains) were heat-inactivated with 50 ⁇ g / ml Kanamycin and 10% (v / v) The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing fetal serum.
- SA0S-2 cells were transfected with LipofectAMlNE (GIBC0 / BRL) according to the manufacturer's protocol. 293 and C0S7 cells were transfected with FuGENE 6 (Roche Molecular Biochemicals).
- RNA isolation and RT-PCR analysis Total RNA was prepared using Trizol reagent (GIBC0 / BRL) or RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
- Trizol reagent GIBC0 / BRL
- RNeasy Mini Kit QIAGEN
- the cDNA was amplified in a 20 ⁇ l PCR reaction containing 100 1 of each dNTP, lx PCR buffer, each of the M primers, and 0.2 units of rTaq or LA-Taq DNA polymerase (TAKARA).
- the PCR primers were 5'-TGGCTTACCCATACGATGTTC-3, (sense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 2) and 5'-GTGCTGGACTGCTGGAAAGT-3 '(antisense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 3) for HA-p73; In contrast, 5'-TCTGGAACCAGACAGCACCT-3 '(sense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 4)
- 5'-GTGCTGGACTGCTGGAAAGT-3 '(antisense strand) SEQ ID NO: 5
- the primers used were 5, -GGATTCAGCCAGTTGACAGAACTA-3 '(sense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 10) and 5'-GTGCTGGACTGCTGGAAAGT-3' (antisense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 11). Its sense oligonucleotide primers were designed based on the same sequence found in common with human delta Nyuro73 genomic sequence and murine ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 73 cDNA (accession number Y19235). Subclone the amplified product into pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega), pGEM- ⁇ 73 was obtained. The identity of this construct was confirmed in the DNA sequence.
- pGEM-ANp73 was partially digested with Nanrl, blunt-ended, and further digested with Nanrl.
- the restriction enzyme digested fragments of the NH 2 -terminal region PCDNA3- HA- ⁇ 73 ⁇ or pcDNA3-HA-p73 enzymatically modified Kpnl- subcloned into Nanrl site of their respective pcDNA3- ⁇ ⁇ 73 monument and pc ⁇ A3- ⁇ ⁇ 73] 3.
- adenovirus expression downy click terpolymer is, P cDNA3-p53, pcDNA3- ⁇ _ ⁇ 73 ⁇ , pcDNA3- HA- ⁇ 73] 3, or derived from pcDNA3- ⁇ 73 ⁇ Hindlll - Xbal restriction enzyme digest fragments Kurenoufuragu placements And inserted into the enzymatically modified Notl site of the shuttle vector PHMCMV6 (Ozaki et al.). Each shuttle vector was digested with ⁇ -Ceul and PI-Seel and ligated to the same restriction sites of the adenovirus expression vector pAdHM4. Each of these thread-recombinant adenovirus constructs was digested with Pacl and transfected into 293 cells to produce recombinant adenovirus bodies.
- EBC buffer 50 raM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 / 120 mM NaCl / 0.5% Nonidet P-40
- pheninolemethinoles / Refoni / Left mouth lid 1 mM pheninolemethinoles / Refoni / Left mouth lid .
- the membrane filter was incubated with a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody conjugated to horseradish oxidase for 1 hour at room temperature. Bound secondary antibody was detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech) according to the manufacturer's protocol. (Immunoprecipitation method)
- the ⁇ 73 promoter region containing ⁇ 73 exon 3 was combined with the PAC clone (dJ363Hll) and the primers 5′-CCAGGGAGGATCTGTAGCTG-3 ′ (sense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 12) and 5′-TGAACCCTACACTGCAGCAA-3 ′ (antisense strand) (SEQ ID NO: 13). ) And amplified by RT-PCR.
- the amplified PCR product (2.9 Kb) was directly cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega) to obtain pGEM_ANp73. The sequence of this construct was confirmed by DNA sequence. 'To generate a series of 5-deletion constructs.
- Electrophoretic mobility shift assays were performed as previously reported (Ozaki et al.). Briefly, double-stranded oligonucleotides were 32 P labeled using T4 polynucleotide kinase.
- SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE cells were inoculated into 96 ⁇ l plates (5 ⁇ 10 3 and 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells / plate, respectively). Transfer those cells to Ad-lacZ or Was infected with Ad_p73o; at a prescribed M0I for a prescribed time. Cell viability was measured by MTT Atsey.
- (2_ (2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) -3- (4-nitrophenyl) -5- (2,4-disulfophenyl) -2H-tetrazolium mononatridium salt is used as a substrate. Used as
- Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of cisplatin (0, 5, 10, 25 ⁇ concentration). ⁇ According to Atsushi, when the number of surviving cells was calculated, the number of surviving cells was reduced depending on the dose of cisplatin. The data is shown in Figure 1 and is the average (Sat standard deviation) of three experiments. At the same time, the number of cells having the amount of sub-G1 DNA was also counted. These data are also shown in FIG.
- SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in the presence of cisplatin (at a concentration of 0, 10, 25 ⁇ ) for 36 hours.
- Total cell protein 40 ⁇ g was extracted from each culture.
- the expression levels of p73o! or p53 were determined for each by immunoplot analysis (above) using p73-specific antibodies (Ab-1) or p53-specific antibodies (DO-1). The result is shown in figure 2. Size markers are shown on the left side of the figure. "*" Mark, Ro73omikuron that is recognized by Ro73 alpha specific antibody; a fast band mobility than is consistent with ⁇ 73 predicted molecular weight of flight (62KDaPozniak et al).
- SH-SY5Y cells were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of cisplatin (at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 25 ⁇ ). After culture, total RNA was prepared and semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed (above). The PCR reaction solution was electrophoresed on a 2.5% agarose gel. The results are shown in Figure 3. In the figure, the expression of GAPDH is shown as a control. From the results in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the expression of ⁇ Np73a increases depending on the dose of cisplatin.
- SH-SY5Y cells were infected with a recombinant adenovirus expressing lacZ (Ad-lacZ), p53 (Ad-p53), or HA-p73a (Ad-p73a) (MIO: 10). 36 hours after infection, whole cells A lysate (40 / ig) was prepared, and a ⁇ -est blot was performed using an anti- ⁇ 73 ⁇ antibody or an anti- ⁇ 53 antibody.
- Fig. 4 shows the results.
- lane 1 corresponds to Ad-lacZ
- lane 2 corresponds to Ad-p53
- lane 3 corresponds to Ad- ⁇ 73 ⁇ .
- the expression of HA-p73a induces the expression of ⁇ 73 ⁇ 73, but the expression of ⁇ 53 does not induce the expression.
- SH-SY5Y cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing lacZ (Ad-lacZ), p53 (Ad-p53), or HA-p73a (Ad-p73a) (MI0: 10). . 24 hours after infection, to prepare a total RNA (20 g), this time using .DELTA..nu [rho 73 specific probe was performed Northern blot.
- Fig. 5 shows the results of staining of bromide tube.
- lane 1 corresponds to Ad-lacZ
- lane 2 corresponds to Ad_p53
- lane 3 corresponds to Ad_p73a.
- induction of ⁇ 73 expression was confirmed.
- PGL2-ANp73P (-1245), pGL2- ⁇ 73 ⁇ (- 1082), pGL2- ⁇ 73 ⁇ (- 911), pGL2-ANp73P (-786), pGL2-ANp73P (-619), pGL2- ⁇ 73 ⁇ (-203), pGL2 -ANp73P (-184), pGL2- ⁇ 73 ⁇ (-100), pGL2- ⁇ Np73P (-80), pGL2- ⁇ p73P (-76), pGL2- ⁇ Np73P (-71), pGL2- ⁇ Np73P (-66) , PGL2- ⁇ Np73P (-63) and pGL2_ANp73P (+ l) were made as described above.
- FIG. 8 shows the nucleotide sequence of one region of the ⁇ 73 promoter.
- the putative ⁇ 73 binding site is underlined and the putative TATA element is boxed.
- the figure further shows a sequence comparison between the consensus p53 target sequence and the putative P-73 binding sequence.
- R represents purine
- Y represents pyrimidine
- W represents adenine or thymidine. The two mismatches are indicated by small letters (c, g).
- this 20 bp sequence (5′-GGGCAAGCTGAGGCCTGCCC-3 ′) (SEQ ID NO: 1) was placed above the noresif erase plasmid pGL2 promoter. It was subcloned into the basin, to obtain a P GL2- a Np73P (-76 / -57 ).
- Oligonucleotide fragments of 61bp including the p73-specific binding sequence (5, -GTGCGGTCCAACACATCACCGGGCAAGCTGAGGCCTGCCCCGGACTTGGATGAATACTCAT-3 ') was labeled (SEQ ID NO 13) [ ⁇ 32 ⁇ ] ⁇ , and in vitro translational Chillon [rho 53 (FIG. 11 Lane 2), HA-p73a (lanes 3-7), ⁇ - ⁇ 73 ⁇ (lanes 8-12), and unprogrammed reticulocyte lysate (lane 1). Figure 11 shows the results.
- lanes 4 and 9 are the results of binding reactions that contained a 10-fold molar excess of sequence-specific competitor DNA.
- Lanes 5 and 10 are the results of binding reactions that contained a 10-fold molar excess of rooster S row non-specific competitor DNA.
- the non-sequence-specific non-competitive DNAs include only the 5'- or 3'-terminal portion of the ⁇ 73-specific binding sequence, and are C1 and C3 shown in FIG. 12 described later.
- An anti-1-IA antibody was added to the reaction mixture to supershift the protein DN ⁇ complex (lanes 6 and 11). Pre-immune serum was used as a negative control (lanes 7 and 12).
- the protein DNA complex and the supershifted complex are indicated by arrowheads (filled or blank), respectively. Both p73 and ⁇ 73] 3 specifically bound to the oligonucleotide fragment.
- 293 cells were transiently transfected with one or two of the various plasmids ( ⁇ - ⁇ 73 ⁇ , ⁇ - ⁇ 73 ⁇ , FLAG- ⁇ 73, and FLAG- ⁇ 73).
- Whole cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-antibody (above).
- the precipitated protein was subjected to immunoplot analysis with anti-FLAGAG2 antibody.
- C0S7 cells were transiently transfected with one or two of the various expression plasmids (p53, FLAG- ⁇ 73 and FLAG- ⁇ 73) 3). Forty-eight hours after transfection, whole cell lysates were prepared, immunoprecipitated with anti-p53 (D0-1 / Pabl801), followed by immunoplot analysis with anti-FLAG M2 antibody. The results are shown in FIG. In the figure, ⁇ ⁇ 73 ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ 73 ⁇ are indicated by arrowheads (painted or blank), respectively. ⁇ 53 also became clear that interacts with ⁇ 73 ⁇ and ⁇ 73) 3.
- SA0S-2 cells were co-transformed with various expression plasmids ( ⁇ 53, ⁇ 73 ⁇ , ⁇ 73 / 3, ⁇ 73, and ⁇ 73) and a reporter plasmid containing the Bax promoter. 48 hours after transfection, luciferase assay was performed. The results are shown in FIG. Data represent the mean (standard deviation). MDM2 promoter driven to ⁇ 73 ⁇ or ⁇ 73] 3 from the data in Figure 15 and Figure 16 And that the transcriptional activity of the Bax promoter is reduced by ⁇ Np73a or ⁇ 73 ⁇ .
- SA0S-2 cells were co-transfected with one or two of the various expression plasmids (p53, p73a p73 j3, ⁇ 73 ⁇ , and ⁇ 73 ⁇ 73) 3) and a reporter plasmid containing the ⁇ 73 promoter. Forty-eight hours after transfection, the cells were luciferase-assayed. The results are shown in FIG. Data represent mean values (standard deviation). Derutanyuro73 promoter activity when coexpressed with ⁇ 73 ⁇ or ⁇ 73] 3 with .DELTA..nu [rho 73 flight or ⁇ 73] 3, it can be seen that significantly reduced.
- SK- ⁇ -BE cells (2 ⁇ 10 4 / wenore) were co-infected with Ad-p73o! ( ⁇ 0 ⁇ : 10) and Ad— ⁇ 73 ⁇ ; (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 M0I). Forty-eight hours after infection, the number of surviving cells was determined using a viable assay. The results are shown in FIG. The graph represents the percentage of viable cells relative to the control lacZ infection (mean of six tests (Sat standard deviation)). It can be seen that increasing the level of ⁇ ⁇ 73 ⁇ reduces apoptosis induced by . ⁇ 73.
- SH-SY5Y cells (5 ⁇ 10 3 / ⁇ ell) were infected with Ad-lacZ or Ad- ⁇ 73 ⁇ ( ⁇ : 10). Six hours after infection, the cells were treated with cisplatin (0, 5, 10, 25 ⁇ concentrations) for 24 hours. The number of surviving cells was determined by viability assay. The results are shown in FIG. The graph shows the average value (Sat standard deviation value) of 6 tests. In addition, the cells infected with Ad-lacZ or Ad- ⁇ Np73a (both M0I: 10) and treated with 25 ⁇ M cisplatin for 24 hours and photographed are shown in the figure. SH- cell Shisuburachin induced Apoptosis one cis revealed to be inhibited by .DELTA..nu [rho 73 uninfected.
- the function of the ⁇ 73 promoter has been elucidated, and it has become possible to regulate the ⁇ 73 apoptotic activity by controlling the activity of the promoter.
- apoptosis of tumor cells can be promoted and an antitumor effect can be achieved.
- the present invention has made it possible to screen an apoptosis regulator for tumor cells caused by ⁇ 73.
- Such modulators of apoptosis are useful for chemotherapy, including gene therapy of tumors, especially malignancies.
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US10/502,449 US20060240417A1 (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2003-01-23 | Agent controlling the apoptosis induction by p73 |
EP03705018A EP1479398A1 (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2003-01-23 | AGENT CONTROLLING THE APOPTOSIS INDUCTION BY p73 |
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JP2002-17486 | 2002-01-25 | ||
JP2002017486A JP2003221349A (ja) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | p73のアポトーシス誘導調節剤 |
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WO2003061710A1 true WO2003061710A1 (fr) | 2003-07-31 |
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EP1739186A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2007-01-03 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. | Method of screening compound capable of accelerating or inhibiting apoptosis, apoptosis accelerator and apoptosis inhibitor |
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PL1838350T3 (pl) * | 2005-01-20 | 2015-02-27 | Ryboquin Company Ltd | Modulatory aktywności ubikwitynazy itch |
WO2008045344A2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-17 | The General Hospital Corporation | Methods to determine responsiveness to cisplatin treatment |
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2002
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2003
- 2003-01-23 WO PCT/JP2003/000605 patent/WO2003061710A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-23 EP EP03705018A patent/EP1479398A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-01-23 US US10/502,449 patent/US20060240417A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
GOTTLIEB TANYA M. ET AL.: "p53 and apoptosis", SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY, vol. 8, 1998, pages 359 - 368, XP002968460 * |
KAGHAD MOURAD ET AL.: "Monoallelically expressed gene related to p53 at 1p36, a region frequently deleted in neuroblastoma and other human cancers", CELL, vol. 90, no. 4, 22 August 1997 (1997-08-22), pages 809 - 819, XP002934937 * |
POZNIAC CHRISTINE D. ET AL.: "An anti-apoptotic role for the p53 family member, p73, during developmental neuron death", SCIENCE, vol. 289, no. 5477, 14 July 2000 (2000-07-14), pages 304 - 306, XP002243996 * |
TAKADA NAOYUKI ET AL.: "Identification of a transactivation activity in the COOH-terminal region of p73 which is impaired in the naturally occurring mutants found in human neuroblastomas", CANCER RESEARCH, vol. 59, no. 12, 15 June 1999 (1999-06-15), pages 2810 - 2814, XP002968461 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1739186A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2007-01-03 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. | Method of screening compound capable of accelerating or inhibiting apoptosis, apoptosis accelerator and apoptosis inhibitor |
EP1739186A4 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2008-03-12 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co | METHOD OF SCREENING A COMPOUND CAPABLE OF ACCELERATING OR INHIBITING APOPTOSIS, APOPTOSIS ACCELERATOR AND APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR |
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US20060240417A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
JP2003221349A (ja) | 2003-08-05 |
EP1479398A1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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