WO2003056064A1 - Application de revetements metalliques sur des matieres plastiques - Google Patents

Application de revetements metalliques sur des matieres plastiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003056064A1
WO2003056064A1 PCT/GB2002/005875 GB0205875W WO03056064A1 WO 2003056064 A1 WO2003056064 A1 WO 2003056064A1 GB 0205875 W GB0205875 W GB 0205875W WO 03056064 A1 WO03056064 A1 WO 03056064A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
nozzle
venturi
gas
accelerated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2002/005875
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Day
Original Assignee
Rosti A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosti A/S filed Critical Rosti A/S
Priority to AU2002353216A priority Critical patent/AU2002353216A1/en
Publication of WO2003056064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003056064A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/58—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres
    • B29C70/64—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres the filler influencing the surface characteristics of the material, e.g. by concentrating near the surface or by incorporating in the surface by force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
    • B29C70/882—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the application of metallic coatings to plastics materials. It is particularly relevant to the electronics industry, and to the use of electromagnetic shields in electronic equipment of all kinds.
  • Plastics materials are attractive for the reason that such materials are generally of relatively low weight and mouldable. Plastics materials are also generally recyclable. However, plastics materials are essentially non- conductive, and cannot therefore be used in the manufacture of components where conductivity is an essential requisite.
  • Conductive paint spraying is a technique that is extensively used, and for many applications it is an effective and economic solution.
  • the current need to minimise the impact of the coating on the receiving surface has resulted in the use of paints requiring substantial drying time, and this has adversely affected the manufacturing process.
  • Vacuum metallization is a high specification technique in which pure aluminium is evaporated in a vacuum chamber to provide a uniform and repeatable coating. In environmental terms it is substantially clean, and the technique can be applied to most plastics materials. However, the technique does have relatively high time requirements, and is best suited to the application of coatings to small components.
  • plastics body is effectively moulded over the coating, and the use of metal inserts. It has also been proposed to mould the plastics body with conductive elements dispersed within the material itself.
  • the present invention is a method of applying an electrically conductive coating to the surface of a plastics material body which offers a number of advantages over the prior techniques summarised above, while offering at least equivalent performance, and few if any, harmful bi-products.
  • metallic particles are delivered to a body surface with sufficient momentum to embed the particles in the surface to create a conductive layer thereon.
  • the particles will initially be embedded in the plastics surface, but as the bombardment continues the particles will impact on the surface of one or more particles already embedded.
  • the momentum imparted to the particles is sufficient to ensure that at least some of these later delivered particles will bond with particles already in place, either by cold forging or pressure welding, to create the conductive layer.
  • the conductive layer be continuous. It can be discontinuous, creating a mesh-like structure.
  • the metallic particles used in the method of the invention are necessarily small, a typical mean particle size being less than 20 microns. The preferred size is in the range 5 to 10 microns.
  • the average speed of the particles upon impact with the surface should be at least 650 m/s. A preferred minimum impact speed, particularly for smaller particles, is 800 m/s.
  • the metallic particles can best be delivered to the surface through an accelerating nozzle, charged with compressed air.
  • the metallic particles are accelerated in two stages. For example, a first stage can accelerate the particles to a speed of around 200 m/s, with the second stage taking it up to its final discharge velocity.
  • amplified compressed air it has been possible to achieve particle speeds of 800 m/s and more with an air pressure of 20 bar.
  • Apparatus according to the invention for applying an electrically conductive coating to the surface of a plastics body comprises a hopper for containing conductive metal particles; a first Venturi nozzle with means for delivering gas at an elevated pressure to the Venturi inlet; and an input downstream of the Venturi choke for particles from the hopper, whereby gas is accelerated in the Venturi and entrains particles in an accelerated stream; and a second Venturi nozzle with an inlet coupled to the gas delivery means, coupled to and for receiving an accelerated stream of gas and entrained particles from the discharge orifice of the first Venturi downstream of the choke thereof, for further acceleration to its discharge orifice, which discharge orifice is directed at a coating station for holding a body to be coated.
  • At the coating station is is normally the body that is moved relative to the discharge orifice of the second Venturi to apply the coating, rather than vice versa.
  • the particles can be accelerated in a single stage by passage through a single nozzle.
  • Apparatus according to such an embodiment comprises apparatus for applying an electrically conductive coating to the surface of a plastics material body comprising a Venturi nozzle; a source of inert gas at elevated pressure coupled to the nozzle inlet; and a hopper for containing conductive metal particles and connected to a particle input to the nozzle downstream of the Venturi choke, whereby gas from the source is accelerated through the nozzle and entrains particles from the inlet to issue an accelerated stream of gas and particles from a discharge orifice directed at a coating station for holding a body to be coated.
  • the invention has particular application in the field of electromagnetic shielding, and the method is particularly suited to the creation of a conductive coating on plastics moulded bodies for fitting in electronic equipment. It is especially suitable for applying a coating to the inside surface of small relatively intricate moulded plastics bodies, as the jet or stream of metallic particles can be accurately targeted on areas of that surface.
  • Figure 1 is an enlarged cross-section through a section of a plastics body with a conductive layer created thereon in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates a two-stage system for accelerating metallic particles in a method of the invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates an integrated two-stage acceleration system for metallic particles in a method of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a single stage acceleration system.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of an injection-moulded plastics body at a point where two substantially perpendicular wall sections 2 meet.
  • Each wall section has a thickness of around 1.5 mms, and the internal surface 4 bears a coating consisting of metallic particles 6.
  • some of the particles 6 are embedded directly in the respective wall surface. Others have bonded with previously embedded particles and with each other, to form a continuous coating 8.
  • Figure 2 shows how metallic powder is accelerated to the speeds necessary to ensure the formation of an effective coating on the surface of a plastics body.
  • a reservoir of metallic powder particles is provided in a hopper 12, and the mass of particles is maintained in a flowable stage by a fluidisation system generally indicated at 14. This system maintains a flow of air upwards through the hopper such that the particles therein do not clog or otherwise prevent their discharge from the outlet 16.
  • a valve is provided which controls the rate at which particles are released from the hopper 12.
  • Particles leaving the hopper 12 through valve 16 fall under gravity into the path of a stream of compressed air delivered from a Venturi nozzle 20.
  • the nozzle 20 is designed to accelerate compressed air from a source (not shown) to a velocity of around 350m/s to accelerate the particles to a speed of around 200 m/s and as shown, the entrained particles are then directed to a second nozzle 24 where the particles are further accelerated to their final discharge speed of around 800 m/s.
  • the second nozzle 24 accelerates compressed air from a source (not shown) to either subsonic or in some cases supersonic speeds, sufficient to accelerate the particles received from the first nozzle 20 to the requisite discharge speed.
  • the particle stream from the first nozzle 20 is fed to a point just downstream of the choke in the divergent section 26 of the nozzle 24 to achieve maximum acceleration and a substantially uniform velocity profile over the cross-section of the stream.
  • the compressed air source can be an air amplifier coupled to the output from a standard industrial compressor.
  • the compressor will typically deliver air at a pressure of approximately 7 bar, and for the practice of the present invention this is preferably increased to around 20 bar by the amplifier.
  • Suitable amplifiers are available from Sprague, Inc., which can boost air pressure from a standard compressor by a factor of four. This should be quite adequate for the practice of the present invention.
  • each Venturi nozzle 20,24 is fitted with a heater 28. As discussed below, it may be necessary to heat the compressed air to prevent icing as the air expands and accelerates in one or both of the nozzles.
  • Each Venturi nozzle has a tubular entrance chamber 30, of diameter around 3.5mm. This is reduced to the choke of a diameter approximately 2mm, over an axial distance of approximately 15mm, and then enlarges to approximately 2.5mm diameter over an axial length of approximately 50mm.
  • the metallic particles from the hopper 12 are fed to the stream of compressed air just downstream of the choke in the first Venturi nozzle 20.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an integrated two-stage system in which the first Venturi nozzle (20) is effectively disposed in the inlet chamber to the second (32).
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that the accelerated air with entrained particles from the first nozzle is delivered substantially centrally at the choke of the second Venturi with which it is already axially aligned. This therefore reduces wear on the wall of the Venturi nozzle impacted by the entrained particles.
  • the disadvantage is that the second Venturi 32 must be of larger dimensions than the second Venturi 24 in the embodiment of Figure 1 with the consequent further loading of the air compressor and amplifier to maintain the requisite pressure in the inlet chamber 36 thereto.
  • Figure 4 shows a single stage acceleration system. It is not generally possible in an industrial environment to generate compressed air at a sufficient pressure to achieve the acceleration of particles that is required to practice the present invention in a single Venturi nozzle, but it can be done using bottle gas such as nitrogen.
  • bottle gas such as nitrogen
  • nitrogen has the advantage of being suitable for use with metal particles more susceptible to oxidization, such as aluminium, zinc and magnesium. If particles of these metals are to be used in the practice of the invention, an inert accelerator and carrier gas such as nitrogen is required in any event.
  • the single stage construction is of course significantly simpler than that required for two stages of acceleration.
  • the stream of metallic particles issuing from the discharge opening (34) is then targeted directly on a plastics body, the surface of which is to bear the conductive coating.
  • the path of the stream from the discharge opening is then targeted directly on a plastics body, the surface of which is to bear the conductive coating.
  • the requisite movement of the body can be programmed and followed automatically, to ensure that a full and substantially even coating is applied.
  • the invention can effectively be practised at room temperature.
  • the compressed air accelerates the particles the temperature of the air is greatly reduced. In consequence there is a risk of icing if the acceleration stages are not closely monitored. It is of course preferred to avoid any need for heating the air, but in some circumstances it is recommended.
  • the compressed air is of course already delivered at an elevated temperature relative to ambient, but we have found that if the temperature of the amplified air is raised to around 400°C, any risk of icing is minimised with the lowest temperature of the accelerated air being around 70°C. Normally with this level of preheating the accelerated air remains at a temperature of around 180°C or more. At the point of impact of the particles on the body high temperatures are generated, but there are no undesirable chemical reactions taking place.
  • particles of different metals can be applied, either in a mixture created at the point of supply in the hopper, or by delivery from different hoppers to a common particle stream. It is also possible using the method of the invention, to apply a second metallic coating over a first. Because of the nature of the bond created between the particles at the point of impact, it is not necessary for each particle to be embedded in the plastics body surface, and coatings comprising two or more identifiable layers of the same or different metallic particles, can be applied. This is particularly beneficial in harsh environments, where nickel or tin can be deposited as a protective layer over a layer of copper formed directly against the plastics body surface.
  • particles of a variety of metals can be used in methods of the invention, either in blends or separately.
  • Preferred metals are nickel and copper.
  • the delivery velocity can be altered and selected as appropriate for a partiular metal and of course the material of the plastics body surface. While the particles will normally be of plain metal and substantially free of impurities, the particles themselves can in some circumstances be alloys or be coated, for example with tin or silver, to further improve the conductivity of the coating formed.
  • a primary application of the invention is in the forming of electromagnetic shields for use in the electronics industry.
  • it is also applicable to the creation of conductive paths or tracks on bodies of plastics materials, such as printed circuit boards, or for depositing other substances such as a palladium catalyst in an electrolysis plating process.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un procédé d'application d'un revêtement conduisant l'électricité, sur la surface d'un corps en matière plastique, des particules métalliques sont envoyées sur la surface du corps avec un moment suffisant pour noyer les particules dans la surface afin de créer une couche conductrice sur cette dernière. Les particules se trouvent au début noyées dans la surface en plastique mais à mesure que le bombardement se poursuit, les particules viennent heurter la surface d'au moins une particule déjà noyée. Le moment appliqué aux particules est suffisant pour assurer qu'au moins un certain nombre des particules arrivées en dernier vont se lier à des particules déjà en place, par forgeage à froid ou par soudage avec pression, pour créer la couche conductrice. L'appareil utilisé pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention, utilise des buses Venturi pour accélérer l'air comprimé et créer un flux qui entraîne les particules et les conduit vers la surface du corps.
PCT/GB2002/005875 2001-12-21 2002-12-20 Application de revetements metalliques sur des matieres plastiques WO2003056064A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002353216A AU2002353216A1 (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-20 Applying metallic coatings to plastics materials

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0130782A GB0130782D0 (en) 2001-12-21 2001-12-21 Applying metallic coatings to plastics materials
GB130782.6 2001-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003056064A1 true WO2003056064A1 (fr) 2003-07-10

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PCT/GB2002/005875 WO2003056064A1 (fr) 2001-12-21 2002-12-20 Application de revetements metalliques sur des matieres plastiques

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU2002353216A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0130782D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003056064A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2394479A (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-04-28 United Technologies Corp Cold Spray Process for Coating Substrates
WO2012006687A1 (fr) * 2010-07-15 2012-01-19 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Traitement de surface

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991019016A1 (fr) * 1990-05-19 1991-12-12 Institut Teoreticheskoi I Prikladnoi Mekhaniki Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk Sssr Procede et dispositif de revetement
WO1998022639A1 (fr) * 1996-11-13 1998-05-28 O.O.O. Obninsky Tsentr Poroshkovogo Napylenia Appareil de revetement utilisant la dynamique des gaz
WO2000028110A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-18 Jury Veniaminovich Dikun Procede de production d'un revetement se composant de materiaux en poudre et dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US6129948A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-10-10 National Center For Manufacturing Sciences Surface modification to achieve improved electrical conductivity
EP1048749A1 (fr) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-02 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Procédé pour former une couche métallique sur un produit en résine moulée
DE19959515A1 (de) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-13 Dacs Dvorak Advanced Coating S Verfahren zur Kunststoffbeschichtung mittels eines Spritzvorganges, eine Vorrichtung dazu sowie die Verwendung der Schicht
US6291012B1 (en) * 1997-02-04 2001-09-18 Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. Method for forming a metallic coat by impacting metallic particles on a workpiece

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991019016A1 (fr) * 1990-05-19 1991-12-12 Institut Teoreticheskoi I Prikladnoi Mekhaniki Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk Sssr Procede et dispositif de revetement
WO1998022639A1 (fr) * 1996-11-13 1998-05-28 O.O.O. Obninsky Tsentr Poroshkovogo Napylenia Appareil de revetement utilisant la dynamique des gaz
US6129948A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-10-10 National Center For Manufacturing Sciences Surface modification to achieve improved electrical conductivity
US6291012B1 (en) * 1997-02-04 2001-09-18 Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. Method for forming a metallic coat by impacting metallic particles on a workpiece
WO2000028110A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-18 Jury Veniaminovich Dikun Procede de production d'un revetement se composant de materiaux en poudre et dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP1048749A1 (fr) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-02 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Procédé pour former une couche métallique sur un produit en résine moulée
DE19959515A1 (de) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-13 Dacs Dvorak Advanced Coating S Verfahren zur Kunststoffbeschichtung mittels eines Spritzvorganges, eine Vorrichtung dazu sowie die Verwendung der Schicht

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2394479A (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-04-28 United Technologies Corp Cold Spray Process for Coating Substrates
GB2394479B (en) * 2002-10-18 2005-05-25 United Technologies Corp Process for applying a coating to a surface
DE10346836C5 (de) * 2002-10-18 2009-12-10 United Technologies Corporation, Hartford Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Beschichtungsmaterials und Herstellungsverfahren einer Raketentriebwerk-Verteilereinrichtung mit einer Kupferauflage
WO2012006687A1 (fr) * 2010-07-15 2012-01-19 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Traitement de surface
US20130236696A1 (en) * 2010-07-15 2013-09-12 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Surface treatment
AU2011279561B2 (en) * 2010-07-15 2014-02-13 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Surface treatment
US10245615B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2019-04-02 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Surface treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002353216A1 (en) 2003-07-15
GB0130782D0 (en) 2002-02-06

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