WO2003055036A1 - Machine synchrone, notamment generatrice de forces hydrauliques - Google Patents

Machine synchrone, notamment generatrice de forces hydrauliques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003055036A1
WO2003055036A1 PCT/SE2002/001486 SE0201486W WO03055036A1 WO 2003055036 A1 WO2003055036 A1 WO 2003055036A1 SE 0201486 W SE0201486 W SE 0201486W WO 03055036 A1 WO03055036 A1 WO 03055036A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
synchronous machine
machine according
space
excitation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2002/001486
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Jamali
Original Assignee
Jan Jamali
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jan Jamali filed Critical Jan Jamali
Priority to AU2002334499A priority Critical patent/AU2002334499A1/en
Publication of WO2003055036A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003055036A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
    • H02K21/042—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a synchronous machine in the form of a synchronous motor or a synchronous generator, particularly a hydropower generator, of the kind defined in the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the machine is thus of the kind that includes a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotor has salient poles that are directed towards the stator, wherein each of said poles is excited via an excitation winding that surrounds its respective pole, and wherein each pole has an associated permanent magnet unit.
  • a pole can be considered to consist of a metal plate pack (i.e. a stack of metal plates), an excitation winding that surrounds said pack, and possibly also damping rods.
  • the pole may also include mechanical structural elements, such as end plates on axial ends of the plate pack, insulations, bolts for holding the pack together, and so on, in accordance with conventional technology.
  • each pole with a permanent magnet (PM) as a supplement to the excitation winding of respective poles, said advantages consisting in:
  • a higher power density (kW/m 3 ) can be achieved in respect of an hydropower generator, for instance, wherein the excitation windings of the poles are completed with PM in comparison with generators that are identical in other respects but lack a PM in the rotor; and hence lower LCC (life cycle costs).
  • an object of the invention is to provide a construction with which the PM sets are protected from demagnetisation and the effect of heat over a long term, so as to enable PM to be used for a part of the pole excitation in practical applications and therewith obtain the aforesaid advantages afforded by the use of PM.
  • the main object is however to reduce the electrical losses substantially.
  • the invention is based on the concept of placing the PM sets in respective poles, such that said units are protected within the actual pole, i.e. in the rotor pack. Moreover, the PM sets are also protected by damping windings in the pole surface/pole roof (pole shoe).
  • the magnetic field of the PM set has the same direction as the direction of the magnetic flux of the magnet winding.
  • the PM set is suitably chosen to produce a magnetic flux that provides synchronisation of the machine.
  • Synchronous machines typically have associated excitation equipment and the excitation windings of the poles must be connected to this equipment.
  • the PM set may be chosen to provide an excitation output that is higher than that which can be provided by the excitation winding of the pole at a low-load current.
  • the excitation equipment can be caused to conduct a negative excitation current through the excitation winding of the pole. The excitation current can then be adapted.
  • a positive excitation current can be conducted through the excitation winding of the pole.
  • the direct cuirent through the field winding can be increased or decreased to provide supplementary excitation of the poles, so as to enable the machine to be driven both with synchronisation and with different loads, for example at part-loads, rated loads, and overloads. It shall also be possible to run the machine at synchronisation and in an overexcited state and an underexcited state and a power factor equal to one.
  • the excitation current can also be made negative in certain operating conditions, so as to counteract the magnetic flux of the PM set when necessary. The invention will not reduce performance or cause any limitations in the operation of generator or motor. All working points according to the capability diagram and overload can be run.
  • the PM set is covered by a pole shoe/pole roof and a damper winding.
  • One advantage afforded by the invention is that the PM set is protected within the poles and that they do not require space between the poles, in other words the distance between peripherally adjacent poles is not governed by the size of the PM sets.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of an hydropower generator.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic axial section view of a positive pole on the rotor of the generator.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic axial section view of a negative pole on the rotor of the generator.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line IV-IV in Fig. 3.
  • Shown in Fig. 1 is an hydropower generator that includes a stator 1 and a rotor 2. Disposed around the rotor are salient poles 21, 22 that alternate in the peripheral direction of the rotor.
  • the pole 21 is a negative pole and the pole 22 is a positive pole.
  • the pole 22 has a hollow 28 pole body 29 which includes a permanent magnet set 4 that has several parallel uni-directional permanent magnets 41.
  • the pole body is surrounded by an excitation winding 23 whose magnetic flux is unidirectional with that produced by the PM set 4.
  • the pole body has a so-called roof 25 which covers the PM set 4 in a direction towards the stator 1.
  • the roof 25 has a damper winding 26 al its outer surface.
  • the construction of the poles 21 coincides with the construction of the poles 22, but with the exception thai the permanent magnet set 4' comprising magnets 41 ', and an excitation winding 23' is adapted to produce magnetic flux in a direction towards the interior of the rotor 2.
  • the poles 21, 22 alternate in the peripheral direction of the rotor 2.
  • the PM sets 4, 4' are accommodated in corresponding spaces 28 in the pole bodies 22.
  • the PM sets 4 are chosen lo allow synchronisation of the generator without requiring excitation current through respective windings 23 and 23'.
  • an excitation current can be passed through the winding 23, 23' in either direction so as to excite the pole appropriately for synchronisation.
  • One advantage afforded by the invention is that the number of permanent magnets and the quantity of magnetic flux obtained therefrom can be freely chosen to achieve an optimal solution, in dependence on the operating stability and transient and sub-transient events in the power network to which the generator is connected.
  • excitation windings 23, 23' are connected to excitation equipment normally provided in the synchronous machine, for instance hydropower generators, wherewith this excitation equipment (not shown) can also be used to adapt the electric current through the pole windings 23, 23' so as to enable the machine to be driven in accordance with a capability diagram and overload.
  • Each pole typically includes a pole body, for instance in the form of a pack or a stack of metal plates (lamination plates), an excitation winding that surrounds the pole body, and usually a damper winding.
  • the poles normally include certain mechanical construction elements, such as end pieces/end plates on the axial ends of the stack, insulations between the plate pack and winding, bolt fasteners for holding the plate pack together, and so on.
  • the plates define a pole body 29 thai includes a pole core having a so-called pole roof.
  • the pole core is that part of the pole body 29 which is surrounded by the winding 23.
  • the plates are provided with punched slots or openings that together form the space 28, whose size and shape corresponds lo the size and shape of the PM sets 4, 4'.
  • the height of the openings (in a radial direction) is made equal lo the height of the PM set in a radial direction.
  • the size of the openings in the peripheral direction of the rotor is equal lo or slightly larger than the size of the PM set in the peripheral direction of the rotor.
  • the axial length of the PM set may be equal to or slightly smaller than the axial length of said space.
  • the apertures are of mutually the same size and are arranged in alignment with each other so as to form an axially extending channel of constant cross-section along its length, therewith enabling a PM set, which has a shape corresponding to the shape of said channel, to be inserted into the channel.
  • the PM set can be secured against axial movement, by enclosing it between end plates 32 on the axial ends of the pole body/stack, or with the aid of glue.
  • Such end plates are comprised of non-magnetic material. These plates can be held together by tensioning bolts 31.
  • the PM set may have the same size and shape as the space.
  • the PM set can be glued firmly in said space or fixated therein with the aid of a curable mass moulded in the space.
  • the straight slots are mirror-symmetrical in relation to a rotor radius that is symmetrical to the pole axis.
  • the slots are placed in the pole roof, generally above the PM set.
  • Each of the slots 27 extends from a region at a distance above and externally of respective upper corners of the PM set, and extend outwardly towards each other so as to cause the magnetic flux through the pole to be concentrated so that the whole of the magnetic flux at the pole will be distributed over a pole division in a half- sinusoidal form, as far as possible.
  • the slots are shown, by way of example, to define an angle of about 30° with the radius.
  • the slots extend up to about some millimetres from the pole surface, so as to form an iron bridge which rapidly enters the magnetically saturated region. Slots are an option.
  • the mechanical strength of the pole can be enhanced, especially when the pole is weakened by slots, by producing one or more pole plates, such as each twentieth plate, from a material of higher mechanical strength than the remainder.
  • These strengthening plates are comprised of non-magnetic material. Strengthening plates are an option.
  • the pole body suitably includes a pole shoe/pole plate that is situated above a pole core around which the magnet winding is arranged.
  • the aperture receiving the PM set may optionally bridge the border between the pole plate and the pole core.
  • the axial dimension of the PM set and its dimension in the peripheral direction of the rotor may be slightly smaller than the axial dimension of the space and its dimension in the peripheral direction, so as to establish air gaps at the axial ends of the PM set and at both mutually separated ends of the PM set in the peripheral direction. These air gaps function to reduce the leakage flux from the PM set.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine synchrone, notamment un moteur ou une génératrice et plus particulièrement une génératrice de forces hydrauliques comprenant un stator (1) et un rotor (2), ledit rotor présentant des pôles saillants (21, 22) orientés vers le stator (1) et chacun comprenant un corps de pôle doté d'un enroulement d'excitation périphérique (23, 23') et ayant un jeu d'aimants permanents associé (4, 4') placé dans un espace au sein du corps de pôle.
PCT/SE2002/001486 2001-11-23 2002-08-21 Machine synchrone, notamment generatrice de forces hydrauliques WO2003055036A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002334499A AU2002334499A1 (en) 2001-11-23 2002-08-21 A synchronous machine, especially hydro power genarator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0103906A SE0103906L (sv) 2001-11-23 2001-11-23 Synkronmaskin med utpräglade rotorpoler innefattande permanentmagnetaggregat
SE0103906-4 2001-11-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003055036A1 true WO2003055036A1 (fr) 2003-07-03

Family

ID=20286080

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2002/001486 WO2003055036A1 (fr) 2001-11-23 2002-08-21 Machine synchrone, notamment generatrice de forces hydrauliques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002334499A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE0103906L (fr)
WO (1) WO2003055036A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005045347A1 (de) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Zahnmodul für Primärteile von permanentmagneterregten Synchronmotoren
DE102005045348A1 (de) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Zahnmodul für ein permanentmagneterregtes Primärteil einer elektrischen Maschine
DE102006008954A1 (de) * 2006-02-23 2007-09-06 Leitgeb, Wilhelm, Dr. Techn. Synchronmaschine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB747587A (en) * 1953-12-04 1956-04-11 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in alternators
FR2541832A1 (fr) * 1983-02-28 1984-08-31 Alsthom Atlantique Compensateur tournant
US5294857A (en) * 1989-12-22 1994-03-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Synchronous machine having control coils for compensating mechanical oscillations of the rotor
JPH07231592A (ja) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-29 Hitachi Ltd 回転電機の突極形回転子

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB747587A (en) * 1953-12-04 1956-04-11 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in alternators
FR2541832A1 (fr) * 1983-02-28 1984-08-31 Alsthom Atlantique Compensateur tournant
US5294857A (en) * 1989-12-22 1994-03-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Synchronous machine having control coils for compensating mechanical oscillations of the rotor
JPH07231592A (ja) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-29 Hitachi Ltd 回転電機の突極形回転子

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 11 26 December 1995 (1995-12-26) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005045347A1 (de) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Zahnmodul für Primärteile von permanentmagneterregten Synchronmotoren
DE102005045348A1 (de) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Zahnmodul für ein permanentmagneterregtes Primärteil einer elektrischen Maschine
US7737597B2 (en) 2005-09-22 2010-06-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Toothed module for primary parts of permanent-magnet synchronous motors
DE102006008954A1 (de) * 2006-02-23 2007-09-06 Leitgeb, Wilhelm, Dr. Techn. Synchronmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002334499A1 (en) 2003-07-09
SE0103906D0 (sv) 2001-11-23
SE519208C2 (sv) 2003-01-28
SE0103906L (sv) 2003-01-28

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