WO2003052871A1 - Nrd guide horn antenna unified nrd guide circuit - Google Patents
Nrd guide horn antenna unified nrd guide circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003052871A1 WO2003052871A1 PCT/KR2002/000181 KR0200181W WO03052871A1 WO 2003052871 A1 WO2003052871 A1 WO 2003052871A1 KR 0200181 W KR0200181 W KR 0200181W WO 03052871 A1 WO03052871 A1 WO 03052871A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nrd guide
- horn antenna
- guide circuit
- antenna
- combined
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
Definitions
- NRD Guide Non-Radiative Dielectric waveGuide
- the NRD Guide circuit is a structure wherein parallel conducting plates are arranged apart from each other by the distance of a half wavelength of the frequency to be used or less and wherein a dielectric strip having the same height as the gap between the two conducting plates and a certain constant width is inserted in between the two parallel conducting plates.
- a rod antenna has been used as an antenna of a millimeter wave integrated circuit using the NRD Guide because a rod antenna generally has an advantage in impedance matching with a waveguide.
- a rod antenna has disadvantages in terms of directivity and gain and is exposed to outside from upper/lower conducting plates (1, 2).
- the preferable characteristics of the rod antenna may be deteriorated by the external environment and the rod antenna may be easily broken by physical power imposed from outside. Further, it is difficult to protect waves from being leaked.
- the rod antenna has disadvantages in terms of high manufacturing expenses and bad appearance because the rod antenna is manufactured separately from an NRD Guide circuit and combined thereafter.
- the present invention provides a horn antenna combined with an NRD
- the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the present invention is not easily affected physically by the external environment and has high degree of mechanical hardness.
- Upper/lower conducting plates are used as the parallel conducting plates of an NRD Guide circuit and an aperture of a horn antenna. Further, a dielectric strip (3) of an NRD Guide circuit plays a role of a transmission line and a director (4) of a horn antenna by changing the width of the dielectric strip.
- the present invention provides a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit so that an NRD Guide circuit and horn antenna may be combined into one module.
- Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, wherein a part of the upper conducting plate is cut off.
- Figure 2 illustrates a disassembled perspective view of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit.
- Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure illustrated in
- FIG. 1 wherein the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit is shown as cut in the vertical direction.
- Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure illustrated in Figure 1 , wherein the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit is shown as cut in the horizontal direction.
- Figure 5 is a graph that illustrates the VSWR characteristic corresponding to the length of a director.
- Figure 6 is a graph that illustrates the VSWR characteristic corresponding to the width of a feeding plane of a horn antenna.
- Figure 7 is a graph that illustrates the directivity pattern on E-plane of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit.
- Figure 8 is a graph that illustrates the directivity pattern on H-plane of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit.
- Figure 9 is a graph that illustrates the aperture efficiency and the directivity corresponding to the frequency.
- Figure 10 is a graph that illustrates the aperture efficiency and the phase efficiency on E-plane and H-plane corresponding to the phase error parameter. **Description of the codes at important parts of diagrams** 1 : Upper Conducting Plate
- Figure 1 illustrates a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit of the present invention.
- the NRD Guide circuit unit is composed of two parallel upper/lower conducting plates (1, 2) and a dielectric strip (3) in between the conducting plates.
- the conducting plates (1, 2) of the horn antenna are the same as the conducting plates of the NRD Guide circuit unit.
- the dielectric strip used in the NRD Guide circuit unit is used as a director (4) of the horn antenna only after the width of the dielectric strip is changed.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit having the gain of 20dB, designed for the
- the aperture sizes of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit are determined by using the equations below.
- Ro is the length of the horn antenna at the center of E-plane and H-plane.
- Figure 2 illustrates the structure of each part of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit illustrated in Figure 1 (i.e., the upper conducting plate (1), the lower conducting plate (2), the dielectric strip (3) and the director (4)).
- the present invention may be implemented easily by designing, manufacturing these parts separately and then assembling them.
- Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, shown as cut in the vertical direction, 'a' in Figure 3 represents the height of the dielectric strip, the distance between the upper/lower conducting plates and the height of the feeding plane at the same time. Because the preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented in the 60GHz range, 'a' is determined as 2.25mm. Further, the width of the dielectric strip is determined as 2.5mm.
- the director (4) illustrated in Figure 3 is a very important factor in connection with the gain, directivity and especially efficiency of the horn antenna.
- the characteristic of the director (4) corresponding to the length (d) has been measured and the result is illustrated in Figure 5.
- Figure 5 illustrates the VSWR characteristic of the director (4) corresponding to the length (d) of the director (4).
- Figure 5 shows that the VSWR characteristic of the director is the best when the length (d) of the director (4) is approximately 4mm. Accordingly, the length of the director in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is determined to be 4mm.
- Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, shown as cut in the horizontal direction, 'b' represents the width of the dielectric strip (3). Further, it represents the width (b) of the director (4) on the feeding plane.
- the feeding plane illustrated in Figure 4, where the dielectric strip (3) and the director (4) contact each other, is the plane by which the millimeter wave received through the dielectric strip (3) is transmitted to the director (4). At this time, the width (c) of the feeding plane may affect feeding loss.
- Figure 6 illustrates the VSWR characteristic corresponding to the width change of the feeding plane of the horn antenna.
- the preferred embodiment of the present invention puts a limit on the width (c) of the feeding plane in the horizontal axis of Figure 6 to the range from 3mm to 6.5mm because millimeter wave is transmitted in LSM mode in a case where width (c) is narrower than 3mm and, thus, the wave to be transmitted may incur big loss due to the adjacent conducting plane.
- the reason why the preferred embodiment of the present invention puts a limit on the width (c) of the feeding plane in the horizontal axis of Figure 6 to 6.5mm is to prevent the size of the horn antenna from increasing too much.
- the width (c) of the feeding plane in the 60GHz range is determined as 5mm.
- Figure 7 and Figure 8 illustrate the measurement result of the directivity pattern of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. From the measurement result illustrated in Figure 7 and 8, it may be recognized that the preferred embodiment of the present invention has the effect of obtaining the gain of 20 dB or so and a desired directivity.
- the effect on the phase error in a horn antenna may be considered to be a factor related to the horn antenna's efficiency.
- the higher the frequency the greater the gain.
- the saturation occurs at a high frequency as illustrated in Figure 9. This results in the aperture efficiency decrease as the phase error increases.
- the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the present invention is not easily affected by the exterior environment, is strong against physical impulses and may obtain desired gain. Further, the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the present invention is expected to reduce manufacturing expenses by simplifying manufacturing processes.
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a horn antenna of the NRD guide circuit unified type. The NRD guide circuit unified horn antenna uses a dielectric strip which constitutes an NRD guide circuit as a wave guide of the horn antenna. The structure of the horn antenna is implemented between the upper and lower conductive plates constituting an NRD guide circuit. Using this structure, it is possible to obtain the radiation pattern and the antenna gain characteristic as in a rod antenna and a horn antenna of the prior art. Compared with the method of separately producing the transmitter/receiver and the horn antenna and of attaching them outside, the present invention makes it possible to produce the horn antenna through simple manufacturing process, improving the productivity and lowering the manufacturing cost. Furthermore, the present invention renders superior characteristics in the mechanical strength and exterior environment and may achieve heightened security.
Description
NRD GUIDE HORN ANTENNA UNIFIED NRD GUIDE CIRCUIT
TECHNICAL FIELD An NRD Guide (Non-Radiative Dielectric waveGuide) is attracting interests as a millimeter wave integrated circuit because of its low-loss and non-radiativeness.
BACKGROUND ART
The NRD Guide circuit is a structure wherein parallel conducting plates are arranged apart from each other by the distance of a half wavelength of the frequency to be used or less and wherein a dielectric strip having the same height as the gap between the two conducting plates and a certain constant width is inserted in between the two parallel conducting plates.
A rod antenna has been used as an antenna of a millimeter wave integrated circuit using the NRD Guide because a rod antenna generally has an advantage in impedance matching with a waveguide.
However, a rod antenna has disadvantages in terms of directivity and gain and is exposed to outside from upper/lower conducting plates (1, 2). Thus, the preferable characteristics of the rod antenna may be deteriorated by the external environment and the rod antenna may be easily broken by physical power imposed from outside. Further, it is difficult to protect waves from being leaked.
Furthermore, the rod antenna has disadvantages in terms of high manufacturing expenses and bad appearance because the rod antenna is manufactured separately from an NRD Guide circuit and combined thereafter.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a horn antenna combined with an NRD
Guide circuit which maintains low feeding loss characteristics of a rod antenna of millimeter wave band in the related art. The horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the present invention is not easily affected physically by the external environment and has high degree of mechanical hardness.
Upper/lower conducting plates are used as the parallel conducting plates of an NRD Guide circuit and an aperture of a horn antenna. Further, a dielectric strip (3) of an NRD Guide circuit plays a role of a transmission line and a director (4) of a horn antenna by changing the width of the dielectric strip.
The present invention provides a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit so that an NRD Guide circuit and horn antenna may be combined into one module.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, wherein a part of the upper conducting plate is cut off.
Figure 2 illustrates a disassembled perspective view of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit. Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure illustrated in
Figure 1 , wherein the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit is shown as cut in the vertical direction.
Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure illustrated in Figure 1 , wherein the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit is shown as
cut in the horizontal direction.
Figure 5 is a graph that illustrates the VSWR characteristic corresponding to the length of a director.
Figure 6 is a graph that illustrates the VSWR characteristic corresponding to the width of a feeding plane of a horn antenna.
Figure 7 is a graph that illustrates the directivity pattern on E-plane of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit.
Figure 8 is a graph that illustrates the directivity pattern on H-plane of a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit. Figure 9 is a graph that illustrates the aperture efficiency and the directivity corresponding to the frequency.
Figure 10 is a graph that illustrates the aperture efficiency and the phase efficiency on E-plane and H-plane corresponding to the phase error parameter. **Description of the codes at important parts of diagrams** 1 : Upper Conducting Plate
2: Lower Conducting Plate 3: Dielectric Strip 4: Director
L: Length of E-plane Aperture of Horn Antenna W: Length of H-plane Aperture of Horn Antenna a: Height of Dielectric Strip, Distance between Upper/Lower Conducting
Plate b: Width of Dielectric Strip c: Width of Feeding Plane of Horn Antenna
d: Length of Director
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Figure 1 illustrates a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit of the present invention. The NRD Guide circuit unit is composed of two parallel upper/lower conducting plates (1, 2) and a dielectric strip (3) in between the conducting plates. The conducting plates (1, 2) of the horn antenna are the same as the conducting plates of the NRD Guide circuit unit. The dielectric strip used in the NRD Guide circuit unit is used as a director (4) of the horn antenna only after the width of the dielectric strip is changed.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit having the gain of 20dB, designed for the
60GHz range. Further, in order to obtain the desired efficiency as illustrated in Figure
10, L and W, the aperture sizes of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, are determined by using the equations below.
[Equation 1]
[Equation 2]
According to the calculation using the equations above, L is 22mm and W is
16mm.
Figure 2 illustrates the structure of each part of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit illustrated in Figure 1 (i.e., the upper conducting plate (1), the lower conducting plate (2), the dielectric strip (3) and the director (4)). In fact, the present invention may be implemented easily by designing, manufacturing these parts separately and then assembling them.
Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, shown as cut in the vertical direction, 'a' in Figure 3 represents the height of the dielectric strip, the distance between the upper/lower conducting plates and the height of the feeding plane at the same time. Because the preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented in the 60GHz range, 'a' is determined as 2.25mm. Further, the width of the dielectric strip is determined as 2.5mm.
The director (4) illustrated in Figure 3 is a very important factor in connection with the gain, directivity and especially efficiency of the horn antenna. Thus, the characteristic of the director (4) corresponding to the length (d) has been measured and the result is illustrated in Figure 5.
Figure 5 illustrates the VSWR characteristic of the director (4) corresponding to the length (d) of the director (4). Figure 5 shows that the VSWR characteristic of the director is the best when the length (d) of the director (4) is approximately 4mm. Accordingly, the length of the director in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is determined to be 4mm.
Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit, shown as cut in the horizontal direction, 'b' represents the width of the dielectric strip (3). Further, it represents the width (b) of the director (4)
on the feeding plane.
The feeding plane illustrated in Figure 4, where the dielectric strip (3) and the director (4) contact each other, is the plane by which the millimeter wave received through the dielectric strip (3) is transmitted to the director (4). At this time, the width (c) of the feeding plane may affect feeding loss.
Figure 6 illustrates the VSWR characteristic corresponding to the width change of the feeding plane of the horn antenna. The preferred embodiment of the present invention puts a limit on the width (c) of the feeding plane in the horizontal axis of Figure 6 to the range from 3mm to 6.5mm because millimeter wave is transmitted in LSM mode in a case where width (c) is narrower than 3mm and, thus, the wave to be transmitted may incur big loss due to the adjacent conducting plane. Further, the reason why the preferred embodiment of the present invention puts a limit on the width (c) of the feeding plane in the horizontal axis of Figure 6 to 6.5mm is to prevent the size of the horn antenna from increasing too much. Considering the foregoing, the width (c) of the feeding plane in the 60GHz range is determined as 5mm.
Figure 7 and Figure 8 illustrate the measurement result of the directivity pattern of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. From the measurement result illustrated in Figure 7 and 8, it may be recognized that the preferred embodiment of the present invention has the effect of obtaining the gain of 20 dB or so and a desired directivity.
Additionally, the effect on the phase error in a horn antenna may be considered to be a factor related to the horn antenna's efficiency. In the ordinary
aperture antenna, the higher the frequency, the greater the gain. However, the saturation occurs at a high frequency as illustrated in Figure 9. This results in the aperture efficiency decrease as the phase error increases. Moreover, the phase error should be not greater than π/8=22.5°. It has been discovered that the horn antenna of the present invention satisfies such range of the phase error.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the present invention is not easily affected by the exterior environment, is strong against physical impulses and may obtain desired gain. Further, the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit according to the present invention is expected to reduce manufacturing expenses by simplifying manufacturing processes.
Claims
1. A horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit for an NRD Guide antenna used in the millimeter wave band, wherein: an aperture in the shape of pyramid is processed from the inner sides of the upper/lower conducting plates constituting the NRD Guide circuit; a director in the shape of a taper is made by reducing the width of a dielectric strip of the NRD Guide circuit; and the above two parts are combined to form one module, whereby the manufacturing process is made simple and it is made possible to reduce manufacturing expenses, to improve productivity, to decrease malfunction rate by reducing the number of components, to reduce change of characteristic in the case of a long-time use, to make the horn antenna become strong against the exterior environment and physical impulses and to obtain desired characteristics such as the directivity pattern and the antenna gain.
2. The horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit of claim 1, wherein it is made possible to obtain characteristics such as the desired directivity pattern and the antenna gain by making the NRD Guide circuit through arranging parallel conducting plates to be apart from each other by the distance of a half wavelength of the frequency to be used or less and by enlarging the aperture angle of the feeding plane in order to remove the cut-off characteristic on the boundary of the horn antenna and the NRD Guide circuit.
3. The horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit of claim 1, wherein the surface of the horn antenna is coated with gold, silver, nickel, etc., whereby the corrosion of the surface of the horn antenna combined with an NRD Guide circuit due to the long time letting or air pollution is prevented and the endurance and transmission characteristics are improved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002232279A AU2002232279A1 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-02-06 | Nrd guide horn antenna unified nrd guide circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR2001/0079191 | 2001-12-14 | ||
| KR1020010079191A KR20020023740A (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2001-12-14 | NRD Guide Horn Antenna Unified NRD Guide Circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003052871A1 true WO2003052871A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
Family
ID=19717032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2002/000181 WO2003052871A1 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-02-06 | Nrd guide horn antenna unified nrd guide circuit |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20020023740A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002232279A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003052871A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100687908B1 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2007-02-27 | (주) 아이엔텍 | Pyramidal horn antenna using trapezoid waveguide for Radar detector |
| KR101457645B1 (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-11-10 | 김태민 | Horn antenna device for motion sensor |
| KR101370819B1 (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2014-03-10 | 한국항공우주연구원 | Stand for double ridged horn antenna |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH077320A (en) * | 1993-06-17 | 1995-01-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Dielectric antenna |
| US5666094A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1997-09-09 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of fabricating NRD guide circuit and NRD guide circuit |
-
2001
- 2001-12-14 KR KR1020010079191A patent/KR20020023740A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-02-06 AU AU2002232279A patent/AU2002232279A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-06 WO PCT/KR2002/000181 patent/WO2003052871A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH077320A (en) * | 1993-06-17 | 1995-01-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Dielectric antenna |
| US5666094A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1997-09-09 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of fabricating NRD guide circuit and NRD guide circuit |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "Study of horn NRD leaky-wave antenna", IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, vol. 3, 1989, pages 1490 - 1493 * |
| FUTOSHI KUROKI: "Radiation characteristics of NRD compatible pyramidal horn antenna for multiple access LAN applications at 60GHz", IEEE PROCEEDINGS OF APMC 2001, vol. 3, 3 December 2001 (2001-12-03), pages 1354 - 1357, XP010578870 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20020023740A (en) | 2002-03-29 |
| AU2002232279A1 (en) | 2003-06-30 |
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