CN109713441B - Antenna unit and array antenna - Google Patents
Antenna unit and array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109713441B CN109713441B CN201811631017.1A CN201811631017A CN109713441B CN 109713441 B CN109713441 B CN 109713441B CN 201811631017 A CN201811631017 A CN 201811631017A CN 109713441 B CN109713441 B CN 109713441B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides an antenna unit and an array antenna, wherein the antenna unit comprises a ground layer, a first polarization component and a second polarization component, wherein the first polarization component and the second polarization component are stacked on the ground layer; the first polarization component comprises a first radiation part, a first feed line arranged on one side of the first radiation part close to the ground layer and a first coaxial line clamped between the first feed line and the ground layer; the first radiation part comprises a first pole and a second pole which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the second polarization component comprises a second radiation part, a second feed line arranged on one side of the second radiation part, which is far away from the ground layer, and a second coaxial line clamped between the second radiation part and the ground layer; the second radiation part comprises a third pole and a fourth pole which are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the first polarization component and the second polarization component are used for generating orthogonal polarization. The array antenna comprises the antenna unit.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an array antenna.
[ background of the invention ]
At present, in millimeter wave band, the research on array for simultaneously realizing double frequency and double polarization is less. The bandwidths covered by 28GHz and 39GHz simultaneously are narrow, the realization form is too complex, the cross polarization ratio generated by dual polarization is still poor, and the size of the dual polarization antenna is disadvantageous.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention provides an antenna unit and an array antenna aiming at solving the technical problems of the existing dual-frequency and dual-polarization antenna.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an antenna unit, which includes a ground layer, and a first polarization component and a second polarization component stacked on the ground layer; the first polarization component comprises a first radiation part, a first feed line arranged on one side of the first radiation part close to the ground layer and a first coaxial line clamped between the first feed line and the ground layer; the first radiation part comprises a first pole and a second pole which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the first feed line comprises a first feed arm, a second feed arm, a first connecting part and a first through hole, wherein the first feed arm is opposite to and connected with the first pole, the second feed arm is opposite to and coupled with the second pole, the first connecting part is connected with the first feed arm and the second feed arm, and the first through hole is formed in the first connecting part; the first coaxial outer core is connected with the first connecting part and the grounding layer, and the first coaxial inner core penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the first pole; the second polarization component comprises a second radiation part, a second feed line arranged on one side of the second radiation part, which is far away from the ground layer, and a second coaxial line clamped between the second radiation part and the ground layer; the second radiation part comprises a third pole and a fourth pole which are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the third pole is provided with a second through hole; the second feed line includes a third feed arm that is opposite to and connected to the third pole, a fourth feed arm that is opposite to and coupled to the fourth pole, and a second connection portion that connects the third feed arm and the fourth feed arm; the outer core of the second coaxial line is connected with the third pole and the grounding layer, and the inner core of the second coaxial line penetrates through the second through hole and is connected with the second connecting part; the first direction and the second direction are arranged orthogonally, and the first polarization component and the second polarization component are used for generating orthogonal polarization.
Preferably, the first polarization member further comprises a first connection arm disposed at an end of the first feed arm and connecting the first feed arm and the first pole; the second polarization component further comprises a second connecting arm which is arranged at the tail end of the third feeding arm and connected with the third feeding arm and the third pole.
Preferably, the antenna unit further includes a first dielectric plate and a second dielectric plate stacked together, the ground layer is disposed on one side of the second dielectric plate away from the first dielectric plate, the first radiation portion and the second feed line are disposed on one side of the second dielectric plate close to the first dielectric plate, and the second radiation portion and the first feed line are disposed on one side of the first dielectric plate away from the second dielectric plate. Preferably, the first pole and the second pole are arranged axisymmetrically along the second direction; the third pole and the fourth pole are arranged axially symmetrically along the first direction.
Preferably, the first power feeding line extends along the first direction; the second feed line extends along the second direction.
Preferably, the first pole has a first feeding gap, the second pole has a second feeding gap, the third pole has a third feeding gap, and the fourth pole has a fourth feeding gap; wherein the first feed slot and the second feed slot are arranged axisymmetrically; the third feed gap and the fourth feed gap are arranged in an axisymmetric manner.
Preferably, the first feed slit is concave, and the concave opening faces the second pole.
Preferably, the third feeding slit is concave, and the concave opening faces the fourth pole.
The invention also provides an array antenna, which comprises at least two antenna units.
Preferably, the antenna elements are arranged in a straight line.
Compared with the prior art, the antenna unit and the array antenna provided by the invention have the advantages that the antenna unit can independently realize dual polarization with smaller volume by arranging the polarization component with the feeder line. Meanwhile, a feed gap is formed in a pole of the polarization component, so that the influence of higher harmonics is greatly reduced.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the antenna unit.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the first polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the second polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8A is a graph of the efficiency of the first polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 8B is a graph of the efficiency of the second polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 9A is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the first polarization component of four antenna elements of an array antenna.
Fig. 9B is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the second polarization component of the four antenna elements of the array antenna.
Fig. 10A is a 26.5GHz pattern for the first polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 10B is a pattern of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 28 GHz.
Fig. 11A is a pattern of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 37 GHz.
Fig. 11B is a pattern of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 38.5 GHz.
Fig. 12A is a 26.5GHz pattern for the second polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 12B is a 28GHz pattern for the second polarization component of the antenna element.
Fig. 13A is a pattern of the second polarization component of the antenna element at 37 GHz.
Fig. 13B is a pattern of the second polarization component of the antenna element at 38.5 GHz.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit 100, where the antenna unit 100 includes a ground layer 10, a second dielectric plate 20, a second polarization component 30, a first dielectric plate 40, and a first polarization component 50. The first polarization member 50 and the second polarization member 30 are stacked on the ground layer 10. The first polarization member 50 and the second polarization member 30 are used to generate orthogonal polarizations. The first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 20 are stacked, and the second dielectric plate 20 is disposed between the ground layer 10 and the first dielectric plate 40.
The materials, thicknesses, dielectric constants, loss tangent values, and the like selected by the first dielectric plate 40 and the second dielectric plate 20 can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual application environment. Preferably, the first dielectric plate 40 and the second dielectric plate 20 have a dielectric constant of 2.8 and a loss tangent of 0.002, thereby greatly reducing the loss of the overall performance of the antenna unit 100.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the first polarization member 50 includes a first radiation portion 500, a first feeding line 503, a first coaxial line 504 and a first connecting arm 505. The first radiation portion 500 includes a first pole 501 and a second pole 502. The first pole 501 and the second pole 502 are disposed at an interval along a first direction on a side of the first dielectric board 40 away from the ground layer 10, and are disposed axially symmetrically along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal, that is, perpendicular to each other. The first pole 501 is provided with a first grounding point 5011, the first grounding point 5011 may be one or more, and the first pole 501 is electrically connected with the ground layer 10 through the first grounding point 5011.
The first power feed line 503 extends in the first direction and is arranged between the second dielectric board 20 and the first dielectric board 40, that is, the first power feed line 503 is arranged on the side of the first radiation portion 500 close to the ground layer 10. The first power feeding line 503 is electrically connected to the first pole 501 through the first connection arm 505, and the first power feeding line 503 is electrically coupled to the second pole 502. The first coaxial line 504 is interposed between the first power feed line 503 and the ground layer 10 for connecting the first power feed line 503 to an external power feed network.
Specifically, the first feeder line 503 includes a first connection portion 5033, a second feeder arm 5032, and a first feeder arm 5034. Wherein the first feeding arm 5034 is opposite to and connected with the first pole 501, the second feeding arm 5032 is opposite to and coupled with the second pole 502, and the first connection portion 5033 is disposed between the second feeding arm 5032 and the first feeding arm 5034 to connect the second feeding arm 5032 and the first feeding arm 5034. The first connection portion 5033 is provided with a first through hole through which the inner core 5041 of the first coaxial line 504 is electrically connected with the first pole 501 so that an external feeding network can feed the first polarization member 50, and at the same time, the outer core 5042 of the first coaxial line 504 is electrically connected with the first feeding line 503 and the ground layer 10 to short the first feeding line 503 and the ground layer 10.
In some embodiments, the first pole 501 has a first feeding slot 5015, and the second pole 502 has a second feeding slot 5021, so as to reduce the influence of higher harmonics. The first feed slot 5015 and the second feed slot 5021 may be identical in shape or different in shape, and are not limited herein. Preferably, the first and second feed slots 5015 and 5021 are identical in shape and are arranged in axial symmetry with the axis of symmetry in the second direction.
Specifically, the first feed slot 5015 may be an "H" -shaped, "concave" -shaped, or the like feed slot having an opening, and the opening faces the second pole 502. The second feed slot 5021 is also an H-shaped or concave feed slot having an opening facing the first pole 501. Preferably, the first feed slot 5015 and the second feed slot 5021 are both concave and are arranged in axial symmetry.
More preferably, the first grounding point 5011 is disposed within the opening of the first feeding slot 5015.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5-6, a second radiating portion 300, a first feeding line 303, a second coaxial line 304 and a second connecting arm 305. Wherein the second radiation part 300 includes a third pole 301 and a fourth pole 302. The third pole 301 and the fourth pole 302 are disposed between the first dielectric plate 40 and the second dielectric plate 20 at an interval along the second direction, and are disposed axisymmetrically along the first direction. That is, the third and fourth poles 301 and 302 are disposed on the same side of the first dielectric sheet 40 or the second dielectric sheet 20 as the first power feeding line 503.
The third pole 301 is provided with a second through hole 3011, and the inner core 3041 of the coaxial line 304 passes through the second through hole 3011 to be electrically connected with the second power feeding line 303 to feed the second power feeding line 303. The outer core 3042 of the second coaxial line 304 electrically connects the ground layer 10 and the third pole 301 to short the third pole 301 and the ground layer 10.
The second power feeding line 303 extends along the second direction and is disposed on the side of the first dielectric plate 40 away from the third pole 301, the second power feeding line 303 and the first pole 501 are disposed on the same side of the first dielectric plate 40, and the second power feeding line 303 is electrically connected to the third pole 301 and electrically coupled to the fourth pole 302.
Specifically, the second power feed line 303 includes a second connection portion 3032, a fourth power feed arm 3031, and a third power feed arm 3033. Wherein the fourth feeding arm 3031 is used to form an electrical coupling with the fourth pole 302, and the third feeding arm 3033 is electrically connected with the third pole 301 through the second connecting arm 305, and is electrically connected with the ground layer 10 through the third pole 301 and the outer core 3042 of the second coaxial line 304. The second connection portion 3032 is disposed between the fourth and third feeding arms 3031 and 3033, and is electrically connected to the fourth and third feeding arms 3031 and 3033. Meanwhile, the second connection portion 3032 is electrically connected to the inner core 3041 of the second coaxial line 304 so that the external feeding network can transmit an excitation signal to the second feeding line 303.
In some embodiments, the third pole 301 has a third feeding slot 3012 and the fourth pole 302 has a fourth feeding slot 3021 to reduce the effect of higher harmonics. The third feed slot 3012 and the fourth feed slot 3021 may be the same or different in shape, and are not limited herein. Preferably, the third and fourth feed slots 3012 and 3021 are the same in shape and are arranged axisymmetrically with the axis of symmetry in the first direction.
Specifically, the third feed slot 3012 may be an "H" -shaped, "concave" -shaped or other feed portion slot having an opening, and the opening faces the fourth pole 302. The fourth feed slot 3021 is also an "H" -shaped, concave-shaped, or other open feed slot, and the opening is directed toward the third pole 301. Preferably, the third feed slot 3012 and the fourth feed slot 3021 are both "concave" and are arranged in axial symmetry.
More preferably, the second via hole 3011 is disposed in an opening of the third feed slot 3012.
Compared with the prior art, the antenna unit provided by the invention has the advantage that the antenna unit can independently realize dual polarization with smaller volume by arranging the polarization component with the feeder line. Furthermore, a feed gap is formed in a pole of the polarization component, so that the influence of higher harmonics is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 7, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna 200. The array antenna 200 includes an antenna element 100. The number of the antenna units 100 in the array antenna 200 is not particularly limited, and may be determined according to a gain value to be achieved and a space for embedding the array antenna 200 in a base station to which the antenna is applied.
Preferably, there are at least two antenna units 100, and the antenna units 100 are closely arranged in sequence without being connected.
In order to make the array antenna 200 having the above structure have advantages of high gain, low side lobe, wide frequency band, and miniaturization, the array antenna provided in the present embodiment specifically includes four antenna elements 100. Preferably, the number of the antenna units 100 in the array antenna 200 is four, and the antenna units are arranged in a straight line.
The performance of the array antenna 200 described above is shown in fig. 8A-13B.
As shown in fig. 8A, fig. 8A is a graph of the efficiency of the first polarization component 50 of the antenna element 100.
As shown in fig. 8B, fig. 8B is a graph of the efficiency of the second polarization component 30 of the antenna element 100.
As shown in fig. 9A, fig. 9A is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the first polarization component 50 of the four antenna elements 100 of the array antenna 200.
As shown in fig. 9B, fig. 9B is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the second polarization member 30 of the four antenna elements 100 of the array antenna 200.
As shown in fig. 10A, fig. 10A is a directional diagram of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 26.5GHz, where curve a represents E-plane main polarization, curve b represents E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
Fig. 10B is a directional diagram of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 28GHz, as shown in fig. 10B, where curve a represents the E-plane main polarization, curve B represents the E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents the H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents the H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
As shown in fig. 11A, fig. 11A is a directional diagram of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 37GHz, where curve a represents E-plane main polarization, curve b represents E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
As shown in fig. 11B, fig. 11B is the directional diagram of the first polarization component of the antenna element at 38.5GHz, where curve a represents the E-plane main polarization, curve B represents the E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents the H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents the H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
As shown in fig. 12A, fig. 12A is a directional diagram of the second polarization component of the antenna element at 26.5GHz, where curve a represents E-plane main polarization, curve b represents E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
Fig. 12B is a 28GHz directional pattern of the second polarization component of the antenna element, as shown in fig. 12B, where curve a represents the E-plane main polarization, curve B represents the E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents the H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents the H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
As shown in fig. 13A, fig. 13A is the directional diagram of the second polarization component of the antenna element at 37GHz, where curve a represents the E-plane main polarization, curve b represents the E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents the H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents the H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
Fig. 13B is a directional diagram of the second polarization component of the antenna element at 38.5GHz, as shown in fig. 13B, where curve a represents the E-plane main polarization, curve B represents the E-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio, curve c represents the H-plane main polarization, and curve d represents the H-plane cross polarization to main polarization ratio.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An antenna unit, characterized in that, the antenna unit comprises a ground layer, a first polarization component and a second polarization component which are overlapped on the ground layer;
the first polarization component comprises a first radiation part, a first feed line arranged on one side of the first radiation part close to the ground layer and a first coaxial line clamped between the first feed line and the ground layer;
the first radiation part comprises a first pole and a second pole which are arranged at intervals along a first direction;
the first feed line comprises a first feed arm, a second feed arm, a first connecting part and a first through hole, wherein the first feed arm is opposite to and connected with the first pole, the second feed arm is opposite to and coupled with the second pole, the first connecting part is connected with the first feed arm and the second feed arm, and the first through hole is formed in the first connecting part;
the first coaxial outer core is connected with the first connecting part and the grounding layer, and the first coaxial inner core penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the first pole;
the second polarization component comprises a second radiation part, a second feed line arranged on one side of the second radiation part, which is far away from the ground layer, and a second coaxial line clamped between the second radiation part and the ground layer;
the second radiation part comprises a third pole and a fourth pole which are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the third pole is provided with a second through hole;
the second feed line includes a third feed arm that is opposite to and connected to the third pole, a fourth feed arm that is opposite to and coupled to the fourth pole, and a second connection portion that connects the third feed arm and the fourth feed arm;
the outer core of the second coaxial line is connected with the third pole and the grounding layer, and the inner core of the second coaxial line penetrates through the second through hole and is connected with the second connecting part; the first direction and the second direction are arranged orthogonally, and the first polarization component and the second polarization component are used for generating orthogonal polarization;
the antenna unit further comprises a first dielectric plate and a second dielectric plate which are stacked, the ground layer is arranged on one side, away from the first dielectric plate, of the second dielectric plate, the first radiation part and the second feed line are arranged on one side, close to the first dielectric plate, of the second dielectric plate, and the second radiation part and the first feed line are arranged on one side, away from the second dielectric plate, of the first dielectric plate;
the dielectric constants of the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are both 2.8, and the loss tangent values of the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are both 0.002.
2. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein: the first polarization component further comprises a first connecting arm which is arranged at the tail end of the first feeding arm and is connected with the first feeding arm and the first pole; the second polarization component further comprises a second connecting arm which is arranged at the tail end of the third feeding arm and connected with the third feeding arm and the third pole.
3. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein: the first pole and the second pole are arranged axially symmetrically along the second direction;
the third pole and the fourth pole are arranged axially symmetrically along the first direction.
4. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein: the first feed line extends along the first direction; the second feed line extends along the second direction.
5. The antenna unit of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the first pole is provided with a first feed gap, the second pole is provided with a second feed gap, the third pole is provided with a third feed gap, and the fourth pole is provided with a fourth feed gap;
wherein the first feed slot and the second feed slot are arranged axisymmetrically;
the third feed gap and the fourth feed gap are arranged in an axisymmetric manner.
6. The antenna element of claim 5, wherein: the first feed slit is concave, and the opening of the concave is towards the second pole.
7. The antenna element of claim 6, wherein: the third feed slit is concave, and the concave opening faces the fourth pole.
8. An array antenna, characterized by: the array antenna comprising at least two antenna elements according to any of claims 1-7.
9. The array antenna of claim 8, wherein: the antenna units are arranged in a straight line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811631017.1A CN109713441B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Antenna unit and array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811631017.1A CN109713441B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Antenna unit and array antenna |
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| CN109713441A CN109713441A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109713441B true CN109713441B (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100865749B1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2008-10-28 | 주식회사 감마누 | Antenna radiation board and a plane type wideband dual polarization antenna apparatus |
| US8633856B2 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2014-01-21 | Blackberry Limited | Compact single feed dual-polarized dual-frequency band microstrip antenna array |
| KR101053442B1 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-08-02 | 주식회사 에이스테크놀로지 | Dual polarized dipole antenna with improved feed structure |
| CN103515697A (en) * | 2012-06-16 | 2014-01-15 | 广东晖速通信技术有限公司 | Broadband high-performance dual-polarized radiation unit and base station antenna |
| CN203205543U (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-09-18 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Low-profile radiation unit and miniature dual-polarized antenna |
| CN203644953U (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Dual polarized base station antenna with Y-shaped feed units |
| CN203631729U (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-06-04 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Radiation unit of broadband dual-polarized antenna |
| CN104733844A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Planar-broadband dual-polarization base station antenna |
| CN206585077U (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-10-24 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of broadband dual polarized antenna array |
| CN106785405A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of low section dual polarization dipole subbase station antenna of loading AMC reflecting plates |
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Effective date of registration: 20231020 Address after: 213000 No.8 Fengqi Road, Wujin high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: AAC MODULE TECHNOLOGIES (CHANGZHOU) Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Jiangsu Jicui Zhongyi Technology Industry Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.8 Fengqi Road, Wujin high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: AAC MODULE TECHNOLOGIES (CHANGZHOU) Co.,Ltd. |