WO2003036360A1 - Systeme de positionnement reglable - Google Patents
Systeme de positionnement reglable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003036360A1 WO2003036360A1 PCT/FR2002/003683 FR0203683W WO03036360A1 WO 2003036360 A1 WO2003036360 A1 WO 2003036360A1 FR 0203683 W FR0203683 W FR 0203683W WO 03036360 A1 WO03036360 A1 WO 03036360A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- supports
- load
- rod
- axis
- astatic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an adjustable positioning system. It applies in particular to the positioning and adjustment of optical units of a power laser.
- the optical units of a power laser can be assembled in rigid reception structures. These reception structures contain optical elements.
- the optical elements can be amplifier bars, focusing lenses, mirrors, or diffuse arrays for example.
- the weight of the structure and its contents can range from 1 to 50 tonnes, for example.
- the length of a structure can range from 2 to 20 meters for example. Legs support this structure. Their number can range from 4 to 20 for example depending on the length of the structure.
- the position of these optical units must be adjusted with a precision of the order of a micrometer along the three axes. The strokes are for example 50 mm. To make these adjustments, it is necessary to have an adjustable positioning system capable of supporting a heavy load and capable of operating in a precise manner (of the order of a micrometer).
- One possible solution is to use a positioning system comprising six ball joints of the type used in flight simulators and certain dynamic test benches. This cylinders are inclined in different directions and linked by ball joints at their ends.
- Such a system has many drawbacks.
- the jacks exert parasitic forces on the structure in a horizontal direction. These parasitic forces are generated due to the inclination of the jacks. This results in a deformation of the structure, and therefore a disruption of the optical unit.
- the movements of the jacks are linked movements. Consequently, converting a movement of the structure into instructions to be applied to the cylinders is complex. It is therefore impossible to control such a system manually.
- the system has a poor stability, in particular because of the coupling between the various eigen modes of vibrations.
- the inclination and the length necessary for the jacks is penalizing in terms of space.
- An object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, and in particular to carry heavy loads without deforming them, in a stable manner, and to allow their positions to be adjusted with an accuracy of the order of a micrometer. This object is achieved by the teaching given by the invention.
- the invention relates to an adjustable positioning system according to
- VE astatic supports
- the N astatic supports comprise means for locking in position and means for pressurizing, so as to be able to be pressurized when the system is in the adjustment phase, and to be blocked when the system is not in the setting phase.
- the gas cylinders are connected to one or more external reserve (s) of gas.
- each of the three isostatic supports comprises three means of adjustment in translation along orthogonal axes, including a vertical axis.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a positioning system comprising six ball joints of the type used on flight simulators and some dynamic test benches;
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example of a positioning system according to the invention;
- FIG. 3 is a side perspective view of a micrometric power cylinder, the movable core of which is in the "low” position, that is to say retracted into its body;
- FIG. 4 is a side view, in section, of the cylinder of Figure 3, the movable core occupies the same position as in Figure 3;
- FIG. 5 is a side view, in section of the cylinder of Figure 3, the movable core is in the "high" position, that is to say, out of its body;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a removable operating device of the micrometric screw of the jack of Figure 4.
- FIGS. 7 to 9 are top views of the cylinder of Figure 3, for different positions of its movable plate;
- - Figure 10 is a sectional view of a gas spring;
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a swivel plate for a gas spring
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a locking means of the gas cylinder shown in Figure 12;
- FIG. 13 is a top view of a gas circuit connecting gas cylinders of the type shown in Figure 10;
- FIG. 14 is a side view and half-section of a gas accumulator connected to the gas circuit of Figure 13;
- - Figure 15 is a perspective view of part of the gas circuit of Figure 13;
- - Figures 16 and 17 are views of a connection block used in the gas circuit of Figure 13;
- FIG. 18 is a top view of a manifold used in the gas circuit of Figure 13;
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of advantageous arrangement of micrometric power cylinders.
- the positioning system shown is of the type of those of the type of those used on flight simulators and certain dynamic test benches. It includes six ball joints V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6. These cylinders are tilted at 45 ° or 60 ° depending on the axes. They are mounted between a CH load (rigid structure) and a base (frame supporting the jacks for example). A matrix calculation is necessary to convert the load displacement instructions (translations and rotations along orthogonal axes) and the instructions to be applied to each cylinder. It is therefore impossible to control such a system manually.
- the jacks exert parasitic forces on the CH structure and on the base in a horizontal direction. It is therefore necessary to stiffen the CH structure and the base. In addition, the system has poor stability, in particular because of the coupling between the different natural modes of vibrations. Finally, the inclination and the length necessary for the jacks is penalizing in terms of size.
- This charge CH such as an optical block of a power laser. It basically includes:
- the CH load shown is supported by two rows of 6 feet placed under the load.
- the first row includes the feet referenced P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 in the figure.
- the second row includes the feet referenced P12, P11, P10, P9, P8, P7. These feet are fitted with swivel plates and a position locking system.
- the three RE isostatic supports support the feet P12, P7, P6.
- the other VE astatic supports support the other feet. There are 9 such astatic supports in this example.
- the isostatic supports define the position of the load.
- the astatic supports have a role of load recovery, like helical springs.
- the force exerted by each support astatic on the load is substantially constant whatever the position of the load.
- the force exerted by a helical spring is of the form:
- V t > SJ "' ' x , nt _ TOL
- TOL represents tolerance, i.e. 5% in this example.
- At least one of the adjustment means RE is a power micrometric cylinder comprising, for at least one axis of movement, a movable wedge 3 moved by a micrometric screw 4, the face 13 of this corner which is oblique with respect to the axis of the screw being in contact with the front face, which is parallel to it, of the rod 5 of the jack, which moves perpendicular to the axis of the micrometric screw.
- the micrometric power cylinder comprises a plate 6 at the free end of its rod, arranged perpendicular to the axis of this rod and whose movements in a plane perpendicular to the axis of this rod are controlled by at least a pair of jacks 17-18, 19-20 whose bodies are integral with the plate and whose rods are supported on a plate 16 fixed to the end of the rod 5 cooperating with the movable wedge.
- the jack 1 described below is intended to lift relatively heavy loads vertically, for example up to 5 tonnes, with a resolution of the order of 1 ⁇ m, and a stroke of several centimeters for the three axes, but it is of course, these characteristics, which are given for information only, can be adapted to the different use cases.
- the jack 1 essentially comprises, in a housing 2, a wedge 3 driven by a micrometric screw 4, a rod 5 and a movable plate 6 integral with the rod 5.
- the wedge 3 is a parallelepiped with pyramidal section whose flat side face moves reduced friction on the bottom wall 7 of the housing 2 when the screw 4 is rotated. Means, not shown, block the corner 3 in rotation and guide it so that it can only move in translation on the wall 7, parallel to the axis of the screw 4.
- the head of the screw is passed 4 by a bearing 8 fixed to the housing 2, and a cup 9 is fixed on this head, the shape and dimensions of which are adapted to those of the operating end 10 of a reduction gear 11 operable by a removable lever 12, the reduction gear 11 also being removable.
- this manually operated reducer can be replaced by a reducer controlled by an electric motor.
- the oblique upper face 13 of the corner 3 makes an acute angle par with respect to its lower face 14 (which moves on the wall 7 and which is assumed to be horizontal in operation).
- the value of the angle est depends on the maximum load to be lifted, the source and the position resolution that one wishes to obtain. It is advantageously between 10 and 30 ° approximately.
- the movable "rod" 5 of the jack 1 has its axis perpendicular to the axis of the screw 4. Its lower front face makes an angle Malawi with its axis and is arranged so as to be parallel to the face 13 of the corner 3 while resting on the latter.
- the rod 5 is guided in translation, parallel to its axis, by slides 15, only two of which are visible in the drawing (those extending perpendicular to the cutting plane).
- the rod 5 At its end upper, the rod 5 comprises a plate 16, of square shape for example.
- a central cutout 16A is made in the plate 6 to allow the end of the rod 5 to pass through.
- this cutout are greater than those of the plate 16, so that the plate 6 can move in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rod 5, its movements being limited by the plate 16, on the lateral faces of which the rods 17 to 20 of four micrometric cylinders 21 to 24 abut whose axes are coplanar and form an orthogonal cross: the axes of the cylinders 21 and 23 are combined, as are those of the jacks 22 and 24 to which they are perpendicular.
- the plane formed by these axes of the cylinders is perpendicular to the axis of the rod 5 and passes through the middle of the height (thickness) of the plate 6.
- the bodies of the cylinders 21 to 24 are integral with the plate 6, while their rods are applied against the plate 16. These jacks are controlled in opposition for each of the two axes, so as to create a relative movement of the plate 6 relative to the plate 16, therefore relative to the rod 5.
- the starting position for which the rods of the four cylinders are applied in abutment against the plate 16 and are at mid-stroke (FIG. 7)
- the rod 18 is controlled so that it enters the body of the cylinder 23 by the same distance D. It is the same for the other axis, common to the cylinders 22 and 24 ( Figure 8).
- the gas cylinder VE comprises a body 100 of generally cylindrical shape, delimiting at its lower half-part a chamber 102 filled with nitrogen under pressure.
- the upper part comprises a rod 101 and a guide ring 104.
- the lower part of the rod 101 is terminated by a head
- the upper part of the rod may include a threaded hole 105 intended to connect the rod 101 to one of the feet of the load by means of a swivel plate.
- the guide ring comprises in its inner part an O-ring in the upper part 106, an annular passage 108 in the upper part, and an annular recess under the annular passage 108 for housing a seal 107.
- the O-ring 106 delimits the upper part of the annular passage 108.
- the O-ring 106 and annular opening 108 assembly constitutes a lubrication chamber concentric with the rod 101.
- the annular seal 107 isolates the chamber 108 from the chamber 102.
- the guide ring 104 comprises in its outer part two annular recesses for the housing of seals 109, positioned substantially in the upper and lower part of the ring 104. These seals 109 isolate the chamber 102 from the outside of the jack. VE.
- the lower part of the chamber 102 comprises a conduit 111 towards the outside of the jack, closed by two pressure taps 110 positioned laterally in the lower part of the body 110.
- the upper part of the body 100 includes, in its internal part, a stop ring intended to prevent the guide ring from leaving the body 100.
- the ball joint essentially comprises a female RF ball on which slides a male ball RM, and a support plate SUP sliding on the male ball RM.
- the RF female ball joint is intended to be fixed by a fixing device to the rod 101 of a gas spring such as that illustrated in FIG. 10.
- the fixing device can be produced by a WE screw screwed into the threaded hole 105 of the rod 101. The head of this WE screw can press a spacer
- the upper part of the male ball joint includes a disc-shaped housing for example in which is placed a surface of sliding.
- this sliding surface is a washer which does not creep over time and has a low adhesion power.
- the support plate is intended to be rigidly connected to the feet of the support.
- this support plate constitutes the lower part of a foot.
- the SUP support plate and the RF female ball joint comprise a removable fixing system which can be used to immobilize the ball joint plate during its transport.
- This fixing system can include FIX brackets, fixed under the support by VSUP screws on the one hand, and to the female ball joint by VROT screws on the other hand.
- the gas cylinder VE comprises locking means in position. These locking means in position are inactive during the adjustment phase, that is to say when the VE jack is pressure. They allow the VE cylinder to be locked when the system is no longer in the adjustment phase. Once the locking means are active, the cylinders can be purged. This avoids any risk of adjustment caused by a leak, for example.
- These locking means can be formed by a nut 113 and a thread.
- the thread is concentric with the body 100 and placed on the upper external part of the body 100.
- the nut 113 surrounds the upper part of the body 100 and extends it upwards.
- the nut is screwed onto the thread.
- the nut 113 is screwed so as to rise until it comes into contact with the lower surface SRF of the swivel plate.
- the rod 101 is mechanically fixed to the body of the jack VE: the rod is fixed to the female part RF of the swivel plate, the lower surface of which SRF rests on the nut 113, which is aimed at the body of the jack VE.
- a gas circuit connects all the gas cylinders.
- This gas circuit CG includes one or more accumulators AC, that is to say gas reserves. In this way, the force exerted by all the gas cylinders on the load is uniform.
- the internal volume of the cylinders can be smaller thanks to the AC accumulators. This makes it possible to use gas cylinders of reduced size, which is an advantage in terms of space and cost.
- An AC accumulator ( Figure 14) may include a bleed screw for emptying the gas circuit CG.
- An adapter AD placed between the accumulator AC and a conduit of the gas circuit CG, makes it possible to connect the accumulator to the circuit CG.
- the total gas volume, denoted V tot is equal to the sum:
- the ratio between the maximum variation of the total volume of gas V tot and the total volume of gas must be less than 5%.
- N the number of gas cylinders connected to the CG circuit. This condition on the total volume of gas can be expressed as follows using the same notations as above:
- the gas cylinders include at least one pressure tap such as the taps 110 to be connected to the gas circuit CG. If these jacks include at least two pressure taps, they can be arranged in series, which simplifies the circuit. Several groups of jacks can be arranged in series, these groups communicating with each other via at least one collector CL.
- the circuit comprises at least one connection block BR, also called an "inflation block", to allow the circuit to be pressurized.
- the gas cylinders are connected to several different and independent gas circuits. This makes it possible to exert different but nevertheless constant efforts. Thus, a greater effort can be exerted below a heavy component, such as a focusing lens, or if the feet are more apart from each other in places.
- a connection block BR may include a body on which are arranged a pressure gauge 200 making it possible to check the pressure of the circuit, the pressure taps 201, 202, 203, 204, an inflation plug 205, and a purge valve 206.
- the inflation plug 205 may include a valve retaining the pressure when the plug n is not connected to facilitate the connection of an inflation device to the circuit.
- the pressure taps 201, 202, 203, 204 are intended to be connected by gas conduits to gas cylinders and / or to manifold blocks.
- a manifold block CL may comprise a body 300, on which are pressure taps 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306. These pressure taps are intended to be connected by conduits of gas to gas cylinders and / or manifold blocks and / or connection blocks.
- the VE gas cylinders are under pressure. They have a load recovery role.
- the three isostatic supports RE, adjustable in position, define the position of the load.
- the VE gas cylinders can be blocked so as to remain in the same position.
- the gas can then be purged from the cylinders. This can be done simply when the jacks are connected to a gas circuit CG comprising a purge valve, such as the purge valve 206 ( Figures 16, 17).
- the force these gas cylinders exert remains the same after adjustment. This avoids disturbing the system or varying the forces exerted in the event of the cylinders leaking.
- the cylinders are first pressurized, then released. Pressurization can be carried out simply when the jacks are connected to a gas circuit CG comprising an inflation socket 205. The pressurized gas is then injected into the gas circuit CG by the inflation socket 205.
- the adjustment system can have 1 to 6 degrees of freedom.
- the three isostatic supports can be micrometric power cylinders. Such a system has 6 degrees of freedom.
- the three micrometric cylinders are arranged so as to decouple the adjustments in rotation and in translation. For example, they can be arranged so that their positions in a plane correspond to the vertices S1, S2, S3 of a right triangle TR, of right angle S1.
- micrometric cylinders each make it possible to perform translations along the X, Y, and Z axes.
- the following table gives an example of correspondence between the movement of the load and the movements of each micrometric power cylinder.
- the head of a micrometric power cylinder can be:
- the adjustments are made at a single point, except for the translation along the Z axis. These are therefore simple adjustments, which can be carried out without being controlled. Of course, the settings can be automated.
- the number of degrees of freedom can be different from six. For example, one can put in S1 an isostatic support that does not have adjustment means. If the two other isostatic supports are adjustable along the axes X, Y, and Z, the number of degrees of freedom of the load is five. It has indeed no more adjustment in translation along Z compared to the previous example. In the same way, by further limiting the settings of the other two isostatic supports, one can have from 1 to 4 degrees of freedom. It is thus possible to produce a positioning system according to the invention with one to six degrees of freedom.
- the invention applies to the positioning and adjustment of any type of load.
- the load can be for example a machining chain, a measuring device.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02795346A EP1442331A1 (fr) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-25 | Systeme de positionnement reglable |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0113901A FR2831676B1 (fr) | 2001-10-26 | 2001-10-26 | Systeme de positionnement reglable |
FR01/13901 | 2001-10-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003036360A1 true WO2003036360A1 (fr) | 2003-05-01 |
Family
ID=8868784
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/003683 WO2003036360A1 (fr) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-25 | Systeme de positionnement reglable |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1442331A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2831676B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003036360A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1892548A2 (fr) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-02-27 | Carl Zeiss Optronics GmbH | Dispositif destiné au stockage compensé par gravitation d'un objet de mesure |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3620606A (en) * | 1968-03-10 | 1971-11-16 | Nasa | Optical system support apparatus |
FR2152427A1 (fr) * | 1971-09-14 | 1973-04-27 | Micro Controle | |
FR2206542A1 (fr) * | 1972-11-15 | 1974-06-07 | Thomson Csf | |
US4500170A (en) * | 1982-06-14 | 1985-02-19 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Gravity and temperature compensating reflector support actuator |
DE4326561A1 (de) * | 1993-08-07 | 1995-02-09 | Zeiss Carl Fa | Verfahren zur Lagerung eines Spiegels sowie Spiegellagerung |
-
2001
- 2001-10-26 FR FR0113901A patent/FR2831676B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-10-25 WO PCT/FR2002/003683 patent/WO2003036360A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-25 EP EP02795346A patent/EP1442331A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3620606A (en) * | 1968-03-10 | 1971-11-16 | Nasa | Optical system support apparatus |
FR2152427A1 (fr) * | 1971-09-14 | 1973-04-27 | Micro Controle | |
FR2206542A1 (fr) * | 1972-11-15 | 1974-06-07 | Thomson Csf | |
US4500170A (en) * | 1982-06-14 | 1985-02-19 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Gravity and temperature compensating reflector support actuator |
DE4326561A1 (de) * | 1993-08-07 | 1995-02-09 | Zeiss Carl Fa | Verfahren zur Lagerung eines Spiegels sowie Spiegellagerung |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1892548A2 (fr) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-02-27 | Carl Zeiss Optronics GmbH | Dispositif destiné au stockage compensé par gravitation d'un objet de mesure |
EP1892548A3 (fr) * | 2006-08-25 | 2010-03-24 | Carl Zeiss Optronics GmbH | Dispositif destiné au stockage compensé par gravitation d'un objet de mesure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2831676A1 (fr) | 2003-05-02 |
EP1442331A1 (fr) | 2004-08-04 |
FR2831676B1 (fr) | 2004-01-16 |
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