WO2003035567A1

WO2003035567A1 - Vacuum double glazing

Info

Publication number: WO2003035567A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/011018
Authority: WO
Inventors: Toru Futagami; Kenji Sakamoto; Masao Misonou
Original assignee: Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2001-10-26
Filing date: 2002-10-23
Publication date: 2003-05-01
Also published as: JP2003137613A

Abstract

A vacuum double glazing (P), wherein a pair of plate glasses (1, 2) are opposed to each other through a clearance part (V) formed by providing spacers (3) between these both plate glasses (1, 2), the outer peripheral parts of the pair of plate glasses (1, 2) are sealingly fitted to each other with sealing material (4), and the clearance part (V) is held in decompressed state, a reinforced plate glass (G) subjected to reinforcing treatment is used as at least one plate glass of the pair of plate glasses (1, 2), and the plate surface (21) of the reinforced plate glass placed in contact with a transfer device at the time of the reinforcing treatment among the plate surfaces of the reinforced plate glass (G) is disposed on a non-clearance part side before manufacture to increase a strength.

Description

Description Vacuum insulated glass Technical field

According to the present invention, a pair of glass sheets are arranged to face each other via a gap formed by interposing a spacer between the glass sheets, and a sealing material is used to seal a gap between outer peripheral parts of the glass sheets. The present invention relates to a vacuum double glazing that has been attached and the gap is kept in a reduced pressure state. Background art

In recent years, a pair of glass sheets has been arranged facing each other via a gap formed by interposing a spacer between the glass sheets, and the outer peripheral portions of the glass sheets have been sealed with a sealing material. A vacuum double glazing in which the gap is maintained in a reduced pressure state has been proposed. Since the gap is maintained in a reduced pressure state, attention has been paid to the fact that a very excellent heat insulating effect can be expected.

Conventionally, as a pair of glass sheets constituting the vacuum double-glazed glass, a float glass sheet formed by a float method has been used as it is.

For this reason, in the conventional technology, in order to improve the strength against the impact force from the outside of the vacuum laminated glass, there is no other way than increasing the thickness of the glass sheet constituting the vacuum laminated glass. However, there was a problem that the total thickness became large, and there was room for improvement in this respect.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has as its object to reduce the total thickness of the vacuum multilayer glass without impairing the excellent heat insulating effect of the vacuum multilayer glass. To improve the strength. Disclosure of the invention

As shown in the first, second, third, fourth and sixth examples, the characteristic structure of the invention described in claim 1 is that a pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 are provided with a spacer between the two glass sheets 1 and 2. Via 3 And the outer periphery of the pair of plate glasses 1 and 2 is sealed with a sealing material 4 via a gap V formed in the gap, and the gap V is evacuated. The held vacuum double-glazed glass P,

As at least one of the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2, a tempered glass sheet G that has been subjected to a tempering treatment is used as at least one of the glass sheets 1 (2).

Among the plate surfaces of the tempered plate glass G, the plate surface 21 that is placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering treatment is located on the non-gap side.

Here, the “non-gap side” means a side of the sheet surface of the sheet glass 1 (2) that does not face the gap portion V side formed by both sheet glasses 1 and 2. For example, in FIG. 2, the upper side of the sheet glass 1 located on the upper side is the “non-gap side” on the lower side of the sheet glass 2 located on the lower side.

(Effects)

By using a tempered glass sheet that has been subjected to a tempering treatment on at least one of the pair of glass sheets that compose the vacuum double-glazed glass, the strength is improved while maintaining the glass sheet at a predetermined thickness. In addition, since the surface of the tempered glass sheet that is placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering process is placed on the non-gap side, the vacuum double-glazed glass The strength can be improved.

In other words, in the case of vacuum double-glazed glass, when an impact force is applied by an external force from the outside, the pair of glass sheets are placed facing each other with a spacer interposed between them. The sheet glass is bent in a bow shape between the spacers so as to be convex downward toward the gap. For this reason, tensile stress acts on the plate surface on the gap side side of the plate surface of the plate glass subjected to the external force.

On the other hand, when the sheet glass is subjected to the tempering treatment, for example, the sheet glass is transported by a roll-type transport device, and is transported in a substantially horizontal posture in which the plate surface is placed in contact with the roll of the transport device. A scratch may be formed on the plate surface that comes into contact with the transfer device during transfer. For this reason, when comparing the front and back surfaces of the tempered glass sheet that has been subjected to the tempering treatment, the plate surface that is placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering treatment has more scratches.

Therefore, when tempered glass is used as the glass, the external force Of the tempered glass sheet that has been subjected to the strengthening process, which has a relatively large number of flaws, is placed on the non-gap side, not the gap side where tensile stress is applied, rather than the gap side where tensile stress acts. As a result, the risk of cracks being generated from the plate surface on the gap side where tensile stress is applied is reduced, the tempered glass sheet is harder to break, and the strength of the vacuum double glazing can be surely improved. It is.

In this way, the strength can be improved while maintaining the thickness of the sheet glass at a predetermined thickness, and the strength of the vacuum double-glazed glass can be reliably improved by the above-described operation. It is needless to say that the same excellent heat insulating effect as the conventional one can be expected.

Therefore, the strength can be improved without increasing the total thickness of the vacuum double-glazed glass while keeping the thickness of the sheet glass at a predetermined thickness without impairing the excellent heat insulating effect of the vacuum double-glazed glass.

The characteristic configuration of the invention described in claim 2 is, in addition to the characteristic configuration described in claim 1, at least one of the pair of plate glasses 1 and 2 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. As one glass sheet 1 (2), a float glass sheet formed by a float method is used,

Among the plate surfaces of the float plate glass, a plate surface 23 placed in contact with the molten tin at the time of float forming is located on the non-gap portion side.

(Effects)

Of the sheet surfaces of the float sheet glass, the sheet surface placed in contact with the molten tin at the time of float forming is located on the non-gap side, so it is possible to reliably improve the strength of the vacuum double glazing by one layer. You can.

In other words, when comparing the front and back surfaces of the float glass sheet formed by the float molding method, finer scratches occur on the plate surface (so-called bottom surface) that is placed on the molten tin during molding. There are many. Therefore, when the float glass is used as the glass sheet, as described above, of the sheet surfaces of the tempered glass sheet subjected to the external force as described above, Is located on the non-gap side rather than on the gap side where tensile stress acts, so that the risk of cracks being generated from the plate surface on the gap side where tensile stress acts can be further reduced, and vacuum can be reliably achieved. Double glazing Strength can be further improved.

Note that, as described above, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a vacuum laminated glass according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vacuum laminated glass.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the vacuum insulated glass,

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the vacuum insulated glass in a manufacturing process, and FIG. 5 is a conceptual explanatory view showing an example of a tempering process.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual explanatory view showing the operation of the vacuum insulated glass,

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of a falling ball test. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

An embodiment of a vacuum double glazing according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, such a vacuum insulated glass P has a large number of spacers 3 interposed between a pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 with the surfaces of both glass sheets 1 and 2 interposed therebetween. The two glass sheets 1, 2 are disposed so as to face each other with a gap V interposed therebetween, and the melting point between the outer peripheral parts of the glass sheets 1, 2 is lower than that of the glass sheets 1, 2, and It is sealed by bonding with a low-melting glass with high airtightness (an example of a sealing material) 4, and the gap V between the two glass sheets 1 and 2 is hermetically sealed under reduced pressure.

In the present embodiment, as both glass sheets 1 and 2, a tempered glass sheet G obtained by applying a heat strengthening treatment (an example of tempering treatment) to a float glass sheet formed by a float method is used. On the non-gap portion side of the plate surface not facing the gap portion V (atmospheric side in this embodiment), the plate surface 21 of the plate surface of the tempered glass sheet G, which was placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering treatment, and the float A plate surface 23 placed in contact with the molten tin during molding is arranged. The thickness of each of the glass sheets 1 and 2 is about 3.8 to 4.2 mm. Gap V between both glass sheets 1, 2 is reduced to 1. 3 3 P a (1. 0 X 1 0- 2 T orr) below.

The spacer 3 is preferably cylindrical in shape, and has a compressive strength of 4.9 × 10 ⁸ Pa (5 × 10 ³ kgf) so that it can withstand the atmospheric pressure acting on both glass sheets 1 and 2. / cm ² ) or more, such as stainless steel (SUS 304) or Inconel 718.

If the spacer 3 is cylindrical, the diameter is about 0.3 to 1.0 mm and the height is about 0.15 to 1.0 mm. The interval is set to about 20 mm.

The sealing material 4 may have a sealing temperature of less than 400 ° C. and an adhesive strength of 20 kg / cm ² or more, and a low-melting glass may be used as the sealing material 4 as in the embodiment. If used, it is preferred Ru using low melting point glass thermal expansion coefficient ^{75~8 5 X 1 0 7 Z °} C, for example low-melting glass, such as: (a) · · ((( >!): ) Is preferred.

Low melting point glass (a): composition, P b O 70. 0~80 0 mass ^{_{_{_{0/0, B 2 0 3}}}} 5. 0~:. 1 2. 0 wt%, Z nO 2. 0~; 1 0 . 0 _{wt%, S i 0 2 0. 5~3} . 0 _{_{wt%, A 1 2 0 3 0}} ~ 2. 0 _{wt%, B ia 0 3 3. 0~} 7. 0 wt. /. , C u O 0. 5~5 0 _{wt%, F (F 2) 0.} :.! ~ 6. 0 mass ^_0/0.

Low melting point glass (b):. Composition, P b O 70. 3~ 9 2. 0 _{_{wt%, B 2 0 3 1. 0~10}} 0 mass ⁰ /. _{_{, B i 2 0 3 5. 2~20}} . 0 _{wt%, F 2 0. 0 1~8.} 0 wt%, Z nO 0~1 5. 0 _{_{wt%, V 2 O s 0~5.}} 0 Mass ^{_{_{0/0, S i 0 2}}} 0 ~ 2. 0 _{_{wt%, A 1 2 0 3 0}} ~ 2. 0 _{wt%, S n0 2 0 ~ 2.} 0 wt%, B a O 0-4. 0 wt% in _{_{and, B 2 0 3 / P b}} O ( mass ratio) is 0.1 1 or less.

Low melting point glass (c): composition, P b O 65. 0~8 5. 0 _{_{wt%, B 2 0 3 1. 0~}} : 1 1. 0 _{_{wt%, B i 2 0 3 7.}} 2~20 . 0 _{wt%, F (F 2) 0} ~ 6. 0 mass%, Z nO 0~: L 1. 0 _{_{wt%, V 2 0 5 0~4 ·}} 0 _{wt%, (S i 0 2 +} A 1 ₂ 0 ₃ ) 0 to 3.0% by mass, SnO 2 0 to 5.0% by mass, F e ₂ 0 ₃ 0~0. 1 mass ⁰ / o, a C u O 0. 2~5. 0 mass ⁰ / o.

In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the pressure in the gap V, as an example, as shown in detail in FIG. 3, one plate glass 1 has a large-diameter hole 5 a having a diameter of about 3 mm and a large-diameter hole 5 a having a diameter of about 2 mm. A suction hole 5 composed of a small-diameter hole 5b is formed, and a glass tube 6 is inserted into the large-diameter hole 5a. This glass tube 6 has a lower melting point than the glass tube 6 or the plate glass 1. The glass tube 6 is adhered and fixed to the plate glass 1 by the glass 7, the tip of the glass tube 6 is sealed by melting, and the whole is covered by the cap 8.

Hereinafter, a process of manufacturing the vacuum insulated glass P will be described.

First, as shown in the conceptual explanatory view of FIG. 5 as an example, the tempered sheet glass G is brought into contact with a roll r of the conveying device R by a roll-type conveying device (an example of a conveying device) R. While being placed in a nearly horizontal posture, the wafer is transported so as to sequentially pass through the heating zone and the air-cooling zone, and is subjected to air-cooling enhancement processing. This tempering treatment is a treatment for both front and back surfaces of the tempered sheet glass G.

When strengthening the float glass sheet formed by the float method to form a strengthened glass sheet G, the sheet surface 23 placed in contact with the molten tin at the time of float molding is transferred to the transfer device R shown in FIG. Either the plate surface 21 on which the contact is placed or the plate surface 22 which is not in contact with the transfer device R may be used. Incidentally, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, as in this embodiment, the plate surface 23 placed in contact with the molten tin at the time of float molding and the plate surface 21 placed in contact with the transfer device R side Is the same plate surface side, it is possible to make the plate surface facing the gap portion V side of the plate surface of the plate glass 1 (or 2) constituting the vacuum double-glazed glass P smoother with less scratches. Therefore, as will be described in detail later, when an external force acts from the outside of the vacuum insulated glass P, the vacuum insulated glass P can be made harder to break.

Using the strengthened glass sheet G as the glass sheets 1 and 2, the glass sheet 2 of the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 where the suction hole 5 is not formed is supported substantially horizontally, and the paste is applied to the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion thereof. A low-melting point glass 4 is applied, and a number of spacers 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and the other sheet glass 1 is placed from above.

At this time, as shown in the figure, the plate surfaces 21 of the plate glasses 1 and 2 which are placed in contact with the transfer device R are arranged on the non-gap portion side, that is, the non-opposite surface side. still, As shown in the figure, if the area of the lower plate glass 2 is made slightly larger and its peripheral edge is slightly protruded from the peripheral edge of the upper plate glass 1, it is convenient for application of the low-melting glass 4 and the like.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, a glass tube 6 is inserted into the suction hole 5 of the plate glass 1 located above. The glass tube 6 can be inserted only into the large-diameter hole 5a of the suction hole 5, and is set to be longer than the large-diameter hole 5a. A doughnut-shaped low-melting glass 7 is placed around the projecting portion of the glass tube 6 so as to protrude upward from 1, and a suction sealing device 9 is covered from above.

The suction sealing device 9 includes a cylindrical suction cup 10 having a bottom and an electric heater 11 disposed in the suction cup 10, and further has a suction port communicating with an internal space of the suction cup 10. An O-ring 13 for sealing the space between the flexible pipe 12 and the upper surface of the sheet glass 1 is also provided.

With the suction sealing device 9 covered, the glass sheets 1 and 2 are placed in a heating furnace 14 with the glass sheets 1 and 2 being almost horizontal, and the low-melting glass 4 is melted by firing at a temperature at which the strengthening of the reinforced glass sheet G does not stop. Then, a joining process of joining the outer peripheral portions of the two glass sheets 1 and 2 with the low-melting glass 4 in the molten state and sealing the gap V is performed.

After that, the inside of the suction cup 10 is depressurized by suction using a single tally pump or a turbo-molecular pump connected to the flexible pipe 12, and the inside of the gap V through the glass tube 6 and the small-diameter hole 5b. After reducing the pressure to 1.33 Pa or less, the tip of the glass tube 6 is locally heated to about 1000 ° C. and melted by an electric heater 11 as shown in FIG. In addition, the opening at the tip of the glass tube 6 is sealed, and after cooling, the cap 8 is adhered to the plate glass 1 to produce the vacuum insulated glass P.

The vacuum laminated glass P according to the present invention has improved strength without impairing the excellent heat insulating effect of the vacuum laminated glass and without increasing the total thickness of the vacuum laminated glass. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when an impact force is applied to the vacuum double-glazed glass P by an external force, the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 face each other with the spacer 3 interposed therebetween. Therefore, the sheet glass 1 subjected to the external force is bent between the spacers 3 such that the gap V side is convex downward. Then, compressive stress acts on the side of the glass sheet 1 that does not face the gap V side, but faces the gap V side. A tensile stress acts on the plate surface.

In the vacuum double-glazed glass P according to the present invention, of the two front and back plate surfaces of the reinforced plate glass G, the plate surface 21 that is placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering process with relatively large damage is applied to the tensile stress. Is placed not on the gap side but on the non-gap side, where it is possible to reduce the risk of cracks occurring from the plate surface on the gap side where tensile stress is applied, and to make the reinforced sheet glass G more difficult to break. However, it is possible to surely improve the strength of the vacuum double glazing. [Another embodiment]

Hereinafter, other embodiments will be described.

<1> In the above embodiment, each of the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 uses the strengthened glass sheet G, and each of the glass sheets 1 and 2 comes into contact with the transporting device during the strengthening process. The force illustrated in the form in which the placed plate surface 21 is arranged on the non-gap portion side is not limited to such a form. For example, although not shown, each of the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 is made of a strengthened glass sheet G, and only one of the glass sheets 1 and 2 (or 2) of the glass sheets 1 and 2 using the strengthened glass sheet G is used. Of course, the plate surface 21 that is placed in contact with the transfer device during the strengthening process may be arranged on the non-gap side.

<2> And, as exemplified in the embodiments up to this point, each of the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 is not limited to the form using the strengthened glass sheet G, and at least one of the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 is used. The tempered glass sheet G may be used for the glass sheet 1 (or 2). For example, although not shown, one of the sheet glass 1 is made of tempered sheet glass G, and the other sheet glass 2 is made of float sheet glass that has not been tempered, and the tempered sheet glass 1 (G) is used during tempering. The plate surface 21 placed in contact with the transfer device may be disposed on the non-gap portion side.

At this time, even if the plate surface 23 of the plate glass 2 using the float plate glass, which is placed in contact with the molten tin at the time of float forming, is disposed on the side facing the plate glass 1, the non-facing surface However, if it is placed on the non-opposite surface side, that is, on the non-gap side, the plate surface facing the gap V side is regarded as a smooth surface with less damage, and the vacuum When an external force acts from the outside of the multilayer glass P, the vacuum multilayer glass P can be made more difficult to break, which is more preferable. <3> Further, the pair of glass sheets 1 and 2 is not limited to the combination of the strengthened glass sheet G and the float glass sheet that has not been strengthened as described in <2> above. Depending on, for example, tempered glazing G and template glassGlass glass with a light diffusion function by surface treatmentGlass with mesh 'wire immersion glass' Low reflection glass · high transmission glazing · ceramic printing glass · heat ray and UV absorption function It may be combined with special glass or the like provided with.

<4> The tempered glass sheet G is not limited to the tempered glass sheet as described in the previous embodiment, but may be the tempered glass sheet formed by other molding methods. A special glass having a function of absorbing heat rays and ultraviolet rays may be subjected to a tempering treatment.

The degree of strengthening in the tempering treatment of the tempered glass sheet G in the present invention may be appropriately set according to the use and purpose of the vacuum double-glazed glass P. The present invention is not limited to the air-cooling strengthening treatment described above, and various other strengthening treatments may be performed. For example, a chemical strengthening treatment may be performed.

<5> The glass sheets 1 and 2 may be of any type as long as they satisfy the above-described requirements. The composition of the glass sheets is also soda silicate glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, and various types. Crystallized glass or the like can be used, and the thickness of the sheet glass 1 or 2 can be freely selected as appropriate.

<6> Regarding the low-melting glass 7 for fusing the glass tube 6, either a crystalline low-melting glass whose crystallization is completed in a high-temperature region or an amorphous low-melting glass can be used. .

<7> The sealing material 4 for joining and sealing between the outer peripheral portions of the two glass sheets 1 and 2 is a material having a sealing temperature of less than 400 ° C and an adhesive strength of 20 kg Z cm ² or more. It is possible to use not only the low-melting glass exemplified in the above embodiment, but also any crystalline or non-crystalline low-melting glass. Indium, lead, tin, zinc and the like are mainly used. A metal solder as a component may be used.

<8> In addition, the spacer 3 is not limited to stainless steel and Inconel. For example, in addition to metals such as iron, copper, aluminum, tungsten, nickel, chromium, and titanium, carbon steel, chrome steel, Nickel steel, nickel chrome steel, manganese steel, black It is possible to use alloys such as mumanganese steel, chromium molybdenum steel, silicon steel, brass, solder, and duralumin, or ceramics and glass that are not easily deformed by external force. And can be configured in various shapes such as prismatic and spherical.

<9> Applications of vacuum insulated glass include window glass for buildings and vehicles (automobiles, railcars, ships), plasma display and other device elements, as well as refrigerators and heat insulators. It can be used for various purposes such as doors and walls of equipment.

Test results of specific reinforcement status

A ball drop test was conducted to examine how the impact strength of the sheet glass differs depending on which side of the sheet glass is used as the attack surface by the ball drop.

As the sample glass, the float plate glass was heated to about 600 ° C in an electric furnace by a roll-type transfer device, and then rapidly and uniformly cooled with high-pressure blower to obtain a surface compressive stress of 100 to 110 kg. / cm ² was used. In addition, the plate surface (hereinafter abbreviated as “bottom surface”) that was placed in contact with the molten tin during float molding was used as the plate surface that was placed in contact with the ball-type transfer device.

At approximately the center point of a sample glass of 35 OmmX 35 Omm square (peripheral support, support frame: outer dimensions 340 mm X 340 mm square inner dimensions 310 mm X 310 mm square), a mass of about 1 A drop ball test was conducted in which a steel ball of 047 g and a diameter of about 63.4 mm was dropped to strike the plate surface of the sample glass. As a heating surface made of steel balls, the steel balls fall onto a plate surface (hereinafter abbreviated as “top surface”) that is not placed on the molten tin during float molding and is not placed in contact with the pallet conveyor. The case where the steel ball was dropped and the case where the steel ball was dropped on the bottom surface were compared. The results are shown in Fig. 7, where Nos. 1 to 3 are the results when the attack surface is the top surface, and Nos. 4 to 6 are the results when the heating surface is the bottom surface. And

From FIG. 7, it can be clearly confirmed that cracking is less likely to occur when the bottom surface is hit than when the top surface is attacked, as in the present invention. Among the sheet surfaces of the tempered sheet glass, the sheet surface that is placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering treatment, and the sheet surface that is brought into contact with the molten tin during the float forming among the sheet surfaces of the float sheet glass It can be seen that by arranging the surface on the side of the non-gap portion where tension is exerted by external force, it is possible to obtain a vacuum double-glazed glass with improved strength without increasing the total thickness. Industrial applicability

A pair of plate glasses are disposed facing each other via a gap formed by interposing a spacer between the two plate glasses, and the outer periphery of the pair of plate glasses is sealed with a sealing material. When manufacturing a vacuum double glazing with its section kept in a reduced pressure state, it is possible to obtain a glass with improved strength without increasing the total thickness of the vacuum double glazing without impairing its excellent heat insulating effect. it can.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A pair of glass sheets (1, 2) are arranged facing each other via a gap (V) formed by interposing a spacer (3) between the glass sheets, and A vacuum insulating glass (P) in which the outer periphery is sealed with a sealing material (4), and the gap (V) is maintained in a reduced pressure state,

A strengthened glass sheet (G) subjected to a strengthening treatment is used as at least one of the pair of glass sheets (1, 2),

A vacuum double glazing wherein the plate surface (21) of the plate surface of the reinforced plate glass (G), which is placed in contact with the transfer device during the tempering treatment, is disposed on the non-gap side.

2. A float plate glass formed by a float method is used as at least one of the pair of plate glasses,

2. The vacuum double-glazed glass according to claim 1, wherein, among the plate surfaces of the float plate glass, a plate surface (21) contact-mounted on the molten tin at the time of float forming is arranged on a non-gap portion side. .